JP2016142426A - Ventilator, manufacturing method thereof, and support material for ventilator - Google Patents

Ventilator, manufacturing method thereof, and support material for ventilator Download PDF

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JP2016142426A
JP2016142426A JP2015016849A JP2015016849A JP2016142426A JP 2016142426 A JP2016142426 A JP 2016142426A JP 2015016849 A JP2015016849 A JP 2015016849A JP 2015016849 A JP2015016849 A JP 2015016849A JP 2016142426 A JP2016142426 A JP 2016142426A
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ventilation fan
hole
support material
impeller
support member
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JP6484451B2 (en
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克也 岩田
Katsuya Iwata
克也 岩田
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/663—Sound attenuation
    • F04D29/665—Sound attenuation by means of resonance chambers or interference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilator excellent in rigidity and processability as a support material, and reducing noise, and a manufacturing method thereof.SOLUTION: In a ventilator 10, on the other end side of a hollow support material 3 of which one end side is fixed to a support plate 4, an electric motor 2 for driving an impeller 1 is attached; and the support material 3 constitutes a Helmholtz resonance body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、換気扇及びその製造方法並びに換気扇用支持材に関する。   The present invention relates to a ventilation fan, a method for manufacturing the ventilation fan, and a support material for the ventilation fan.

換気扇は、一般に、羽根車を駆動する電動機を支持材により複数箇所で支持して構成されている。支持材としては、板材のほか、パイプアームが使用されている。パイプアームは内部に空洞を有して構成されており、剛性が大きく振動を小さくすることができ、しかも軽量で安価であることに加え、曲げ方向を任意に選べる利点がある。換気扇の支持材にパイプアームを採用した構成例として、例えば特許文献１がある。   A ventilation fan is generally configured by supporting a motor that drives an impeller at a plurality of locations by a support material. As a support material, a plate arm and a pipe arm are used. The pipe arm is configured to have a cavity inside, has high rigidity and can reduce vibration, and is advantageous in that the bending direction can be arbitrarily selected in addition to being lightweight and inexpensive. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration example in which a pipe arm is used as a support material for a ventilation fan.

特開昭５９−１４７９４１号公報JP 59-147951 A

しかしながら、支持材としてパイプアームを用いた場合、板材を用いた場合と比較して換気扇の羽根による風切り面積が大きくなり、低騒音化の観点からは不利な構造である。   However, when the pipe arm is used as the support material, the wind-cut area by the blades of the ventilation fan is larger than when the plate material is used, which is a disadvantageous structure from the viewpoint of noise reduction.

そこで、本発明の目的は、支持材としての剛性、加工性に優れ、かつ低騒音化された換気扇、及びその製造方法を提供することである。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation fan that is excellent in rigidity and workability as a support material and is low in noise, and a manufacturing method thereof.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る換気扇は、支持板に一端側が固定された中空状の支持材の他端側に、羽根車を駆動する電動機が取り付けられており、前記支持材がヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成する。   In order to solve the above-described problem, the ventilating fan according to the present invention has an electric motor for driving an impeller attached to the other end of a hollow support member having one end fixed to a support plate, and the support member is a Helmholtz. Constructs a resonator.

また、本発明に係る支持材は、換気扇の羽根車を駆動する電動機に取り付けられる支持材であって、前記支持材は、ヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成する中空体として構成される。   Moreover, the support material which concerns on this invention is a support material attached to the electric motor which drives the impeller of a ventilation fan, Comprising: The said support material is comprised as a hollow body which comprises a Helmholtz resonator.

また、本発明に係る換気扇の製造方法は、中空状の支持材の一側面に孔部を形成し、前記支持材の一端側を羽根車を駆動する電動機に取り付け、該支持材の他端側を支持板に固定する。   Moreover, the manufacturing method of the ventilation fan which concerns on this invention forms a hole in one side of a hollow support material, attaches the one end side of the said support material to the electric motor which drives an impeller, and the other end side of this support material Is fixed to the support plate.

本発明によれば、支持材としての剛性、加工性に優れ、かつ低騒音化された換気扇、及びその製造方法を実現することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is excellent in the rigidity as a support material, workability, and the ventilation fan reduced in noise, and its manufacturing method are realizable.

実施形態に係る換気扇の正面図である。It is a front view of the ventilation fan which concerns on embodiment. 図１に示す換気扇のＡ−Ａ線矢視図である。It is an AA arrow directional view of the ventilation fan shown in FIG. 図１及び図２に示す換気扇の支持材近傍を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows the support material vicinity of the ventilation fan shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2. 図３に示す支持材３を矢印Ｂ方向から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the support material 3 shown in FIG. 3 from the arrow B direction. 支持材３を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows the support material.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。
図１は、実施形態に係る換気扇の正面図であり、図２は、図１に示す換気扇のＡ−Ａ線矢視図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the ventilation fan according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA of the ventilation fan shown in FIG.

図１において、換気扇１０の中央部には、羽根車１を駆動する電動機２が設けられている。羽根車１は、電動機２の回転軸に固定されている。電動機２には、そのフランジ部において、中空状の支持材３（パイプアーム）の端部が４ヶ所固定されている。中空状の支持材３（パイプアーム）の他端側は、ほぼ逆Ｔ字型の支持板４が溶接されて固定されている。   In FIG. 1, an electric motor 2 that drives the impeller 1 is provided at the center of the ventilation fan 10. The impeller 1 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 2. In the electric motor 2, four end portions of a hollow support member 3 (pipe arm) are fixed at the flange portion. A substantially inverted T-shaped support plate 4 is welded and fixed to the other end of the hollow support member 3 (pipe arm).

支持板４が取り付けられる取付枠５には、プレス成型によって、電動機２の取付け側が開口するように切り起こし成形した切り起こし片５ａが、それぞれの支持材４に対応して形成されている。この切り起こし片５ａに、逆Ｔ字型の支持板４の凸部が嵌入されることで、支持材３は、各羽根車１を跨ぐように電動機２と支持板４間に張設され、取付枠５に固定される。   On the attachment frame 5 to which the support plate 4 is attached, cut-and-raised pieces 5 a that are cut and raised so that the attachment side of the electric motor 2 is opened by press molding are formed corresponding to each support material 4. By inserting the convex portion of the inverted T-shaped support plate 4 into the cut and raised piece 5a, the support material 3 is stretched between the electric motor 2 and the support plate 4 so as to straddle each impeller 1, It is fixed to the mounting frame 5.

電動機２の駆動により羽根車１が回転すると風が発生し、図２中矢印で示す方向に風が通風する。   When the impeller 1 rotates by driving the electric motor 2, wind is generated, and the wind passes in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG.

図３は、図１及び図２に示す換気扇の支持材３の近傍を拡大して示す図であり、図４は、図３に示す支持材３を矢印Ｂ方向から見た図であり、図５は、支持材３を拡大して示す図である。支持材３は、上記したように、空洞部を有する中空形状を有しており、図４及び図５に示すように、支持材３の一側面には、これと対向する側の側面には貫通しないように、孔部３１が形成されている。孔部３１は、羽根車１の回転により発生する風の通風方向に対して垂直方向に支持材３の一側面を貫通するように設けられている（図３、５参照。）。このように側面に孔部３１が形成された支持材３は、孔部３１と内部の空洞により、ヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成している。   3 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the support member 3 of the ventilation fan shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 is a view of the support member 3 shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the support material 3. As described above, the support material 3 has a hollow shape having a hollow portion, and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, one side surface of the support material 3 has a side surface opposite to the one side surface. A hole 31 is formed so as not to penetrate. The hole 31 is provided so as to penetrate one side surface of the support member 3 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of air flow generated by the rotation of the impeller 1 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). The support member 3 having the hole 31 formed on the side surface in this way constitutes a Helmholtz resonator by the hole 31 and the internal cavity.

ヘルムホルツ共鳴は、開口部を有する容器の空洞内で、特定の周波数の音を共鳴させるものである。以下、ヘルムホルツ共鳴により空洞内で共鳴する周波数を、共鳴周波数と示す。この共鳴により、特定周波数（共鳴周波数）の音の運動エネルギーが小さくなることで、騒音の低減が図られる。すなわち、ヘルムホルツ共鳴体は、特定の周波数（共鳴周波数）に共鳴して、その周波数の騒音を低減する。   Helmholtz resonance is to resonate sound of a specific frequency within a cavity of a container having an opening. Hereinafter, a frequency that resonates in the cavity due to Helmholtz resonance is referred to as a resonance frequency. Due to this resonance, the kinetic energy of the sound at a specific frequency (resonance frequency) is reduced, thereby reducing noise. That is, the Helmholtz resonator resonates at a specific frequency (resonance frequency) and reduces noise at that frequency.

共鳴周波数は容器の開口部面積、空洞の容積、及び開口部の長さにより決定される。ヘルムホルツ共鳴周波数fは、具体的には、下記式（１）により表される。   The resonance frequency is determined by the opening area of the container, the volume of the cavity, and the length of the opening. The Helmholtz resonance frequency f is specifically represented by the following formula (1).

f ＝ c／２π × √（Ａ／ＶＬ） ・・・（１）
ｃ ： 音速（ｍ／ｓ）
Ａ ： 開口部面積（ｍ２）
Ｌ ： 開口部長さ（ｍ）
Ｖ ： 空洞部容積（ｍ３） f = c / 2π × √ (A / VL) (1)
c: speed of sound (m / s)
A: Opening area (m 2 )
L: Opening length (m)
V: Volume of cavity (m 3 )

支持材３のヘルムホルツ共鳴により優れた騒音低減効果を得るため、孔部３１は、上記式（１）の共鳴周波数ｆが、各々の換気扇における卓越周波数と一致するように、各々の支持材３の空洞容積及び開口部長さでの、開口部面積が適宜設定されて形成されている。これらの調整は、例えば各孔部３１の開口部の面積や、孔部３１の数を適宜変更することで、行うことができる。   In order to obtain an excellent noise reduction effect due to the Helmholtz resonance of the support member 3, the hole 31 is formed so that the resonance frequency f of the above formula (1) matches the dominant frequency in each ventilation fan. The opening area in the cavity volume and the opening length is appropriately set and formed. These adjustments can be performed, for example, by appropriately changing the area of the opening of each hole 31 or the number of holes 31.

ここで、卓越周波数とは、支持材３に孔部３１が形成されていない状態で羽根車を駆動して周波数分析を行い、この周波数分析において他の値よりも卓越した周波数成分に対応する周波数である。   Here, the dominant frequency is a frequency analysis performed by driving the impeller in a state in which the hole 31 is not formed in the support material 3 and corresponding to a frequency component that is superior to other values in this frequency analysis. It is.

具体的には、卓越周波数は、以下のようにして決定される。すなわち、各々の換気扇において、支持材３に孔部３１を形成せず、その他の構成は、全て同じ構成で作成した換気扇の羽根車１を回転させて、このときに発生する風による騒音周波数分析を実施する。この騒音周波数分析により、各々の換気扇の卓越周波数を決定する。   Specifically, the dominant frequency is determined as follows. That is, in each ventilation fan, the hole 31 is not formed in the support material 3, and the other components are all rotated by rotating the impeller 1 of the ventilation fan created in the same configuration, and the noise frequency analysis by the wind generated at this time To implement. This noise frequency analysis determines the dominant frequency of each ventilation fan.

このようにして決定された卓越周波数が、上記式（１）の共鳴周波数ｆとなるように、各支持材３の開口部長さＬ及び空洞部容積Ｖでの、開口部面積Ａを適宜設定して、支持材３の側面に孔部３１を形成する。   The opening area A at the opening length L and the cavity volume V of each support member 3 is appropriately set so that the dominant frequency thus determined is the resonance frequency f of the above formula (1). Thus, the hole 31 is formed on the side surface of the support member 3.

なお、上記式（１）において、開口部面積Ａは、一本の支持材３に形成される各孔部３１の開口部の総面積である。例えば図３に示す支持材３に形成される孔部３１が、図４に示す孔部３１ａ及び３１ｂからなる場合には、この支持材３の開口部面積Ａは、孔部３１ａの開口部面積と孔部３１ｂの開口部面積の和である。また、空洞部容積Ｖは、一本の支持材３内の空洞部の容積である。また、開口部長さＬは、孔部３１の開口端部から、孔部３１と空洞部との境界までの距離であり、図５（ａ）、（ｂ）中ｔで示す長さである。例えば図５（ａ）の構成では、開口部長さＬは、支持材３を形成する板の板厚に相当する。   In the above formula (1), the opening area A is the total area of the openings of each hole 31 formed in one support material 3. For example, when the hole 31 formed in the support member 3 shown in FIG. 3 includes the holes 31a and 31b shown in FIG. 4, the opening area A of the support member 3 is the opening area of the hole 31a. And the opening area of the hole 31b. The cavity volume V is the volume of the cavity in one support member 3. The opening length L is the distance from the opening end of the hole 31 to the boundary between the hole 31 and the cavity, and is the length indicated by t in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). For example, in the configuration of FIG. 5A, the opening length L corresponds to the thickness of the plate that forms the support member 3.

このようにして決定された開口部面積Ａ、開口部長さＬを有する孔部３１を支持材３に形成することで、ヘルムホルツ共鳴により、換気扇の騒音となる卓越周波数の周波数成分が打ち消され、騒音値を低減することが可能となる。   By forming the hole 31 having the opening area A and the opening length L determined in this manner in the support material 3, the frequency component of the dominant frequency that becomes the noise of the ventilation fan is canceled by Helmholtz resonance, and the noise The value can be reduced.

また、式（１）の卓越周波数ｆとしては、上記した騒音周波数分析により、使用者が耳障りに感じる周波数成分を特定し、この周波数を卓越周波数ｆとして、孔部３１の設置形態を決定することも可能である。これにより、耳障りに感じる騒音値が低減された換気扇を提供することが可能となる。   In addition, as the dominant frequency f of the expression (1), the frequency component that the user feels uncomfortable is identified by the noise frequency analysis described above, and the installation form of the hole 31 is determined using this frequency as the dominant frequency f. Is also possible. As a result, it is possible to provide a ventilation fan with a reduced noise level that can be annoying.

孔部３１の設置形態は、主にその開口部面積Ａを調整することにより、式（１）を満足できる形態が決定される。また、例えば図５（ｂ）に示すように、支持材３の厚さが、孔部３１の周辺領域において厚く形成されている場合には、開口部長さＬは、図５（ｂ）中ｔで示す長さとなる。このため、図５（ｂ）に示す形態の場合には、式（１）を満足できる孔部３１の設置形態は、開口部面積Ａの調整に加え、開口部長さＬの調整により行うことが可能である。   The installation form of the hole 31 is determined mainly by adjusting the opening area A so as to satisfy the expression (1). Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the thickness of the support member 3 is formed thick in the peripheral region of the hole 31, the opening length L is t in FIG. It becomes the length shown by. For this reason, in the case of the form shown in FIG. 5B, the installation form of the hole 31 that satisfies the expression (1) can be performed by adjusting the opening length L in addition to the adjustment of the opening area A. Is possible.

なお、孔部３１としては、その開口部面積Ａや開口部長さＬが上記式（１）を満たすように形成されていればよく、一本の支持材３に形成する孔部３１の数や、個々の孔部３１の大きさは特に限定されず、換気扇１０や支持材３自体の大きさに応じて、適宜調整して形成することが可能である。また、孔部３１の形状は特に限定されないが、孔部３１の形成し易さや支持材３全体としての強度の面からは、孔部３１の形状は円形であることが好ましい。   In addition, as the hole part 31, the opening part area A and the opening part length L should just be formed so that the said Formula (1) may be satisfy | filled, the number of the hole parts 31 formed in one support material 3, The size of each hole 31 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the ventilation fan 10 or the support material 3 itself. In addition, the shape of the hole 31 is not particularly limited, but the shape of the hole 31 is preferably circular from the viewpoint of ease of forming the hole 31 and the strength of the support material 3 as a whole.

なお、本実施例は、断面形状が円形のパイプアームを支持材に用いた例について説明したが、本発明は、支持材３がパイプアームの場合に限られず、内部に空洞を有する支持材３を用いていればよい。   In addition, although the present Example demonstrated the example which used the pipe arm whose cross-sectional shape is circular for the support material, this invention is not restricted to the case where the support material 3 is a pipe arm, The support material 3 which has a cavity inside. Should be used.

以上説明したように、本実施例に係る換気扇では、支持材３がヘルムホルツ共鳴体として機能することで、羽根車１の回転で発生する風による騒音を、特定周波数において低減し、低騒音化を図ることが可能である。   As described above, in the ventilation fan according to the present embodiment, the support material 3 functions as a Helmholtz resonator, thereby reducing the noise caused by the wind generated by the rotation of the impeller 1 at a specific frequency and reducing the noise. It is possible to plan.

１…羽根車、２…電動機、３…支持材（パイプアーム）、３１、３１ａ、３１ｂ…孔部、４…支持板、５…取付枠、５ａ…切り起こし片、１０…換気扇、ｔ…孔部３１の開口端部から孔部３１と空洞部との境界までの距離 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Impeller, 2 ... Electric motor, 3 ... Support material (pipe arm), 31, 31a, 31b ... Hole part, 4 ... Support plate, 5 ... Mounting frame, 5a ... Cut-and-raised piece, 10 ... Ventilation fan, t ... Hole The distance from the opening end of the part 31 to the boundary between the hole 31 and the cavity

Claims (6)

支持板に一端側が固定された中空状の支持材の他端側に、羽根車を駆動する電動機が取り付けられており、
前記支持材がヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成することを特徴とする換気扇。 An electric motor for driving the impeller is attached to the other end side of the hollow support material whose one end side is fixed to the support plate,
The ventilation fan characterized by the said support material comprising a Helmholtz resonator. 前記支持材は、その一側面に、前記羽根車の回転により発生する風の通風方向に対して垂直方向に貫設され、該側面と対向する側の側面には貫通しない孔部を有することによりヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の換気扇。   The support member has a hole portion that penetrates in a direction perpendicular to a ventilation direction of the wind generated by the rotation of the impeller on one side surface, and does not penetrate through the side surface opposite to the side surface. The ventilation fan according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation fan constitutes a Helmholtz resonator. 前記孔部は、該孔部の開口部面積Ａ、開口部長さＬ、及び空洞部容積Ｖが、下記式（１）を満たすように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の換気扇。
f ＝ c／２π × √（Ａ／ＶＬ） ・・・（１）
（但し、上記式（１）中ｆは、各々の換気扇において前記支持材に前記孔部が形成されていない状態として前記羽根車を駆動して行った周波数分析において、他の値よりも卓越した周波数成分に対応する卓越周波数を示す）。
ｃ ： 音速（ｍ／ｓ）
Ａ ： 開口部面積（ｍ２）
Ｌ ： 開口部長さ（ｍ）
Ｖ ： 空洞部容積（ｍ３） The hole is formed so that an opening area A, an opening length L, and a cavity volume V of the hole satisfy the following expression (1). Ventilation fan.
f = c / 2π × √ (A / VL) (1)
(However, f in the above formula (1) is superior to other values in the frequency analysis performed by driving the impeller in a state where the hole is not formed in the support member in each ventilation fan. Indicates the dominant frequency corresponding to the frequency component).
c: speed of sound (m / s)
A: Opening area (m 2 )
L: Opening length (m)
V: Volume of cavity (m 3 ) 換気扇の羽根車を駆動する電動機に取り付けられる換気扇用支持材であって、
前記支持材は、ヘルムホルツ共鳴体を構成する中空体であることを特徴とする支持材。 A support material for a ventilation fan attached to an electric motor that drives the impeller of the ventilation fan,
The support material is a hollow body constituting a Helmholtz resonator. 中空状の支持材の一側面に孔部を形成し、
前記支持材の一端側を羽根車を駆動する電動機に取り付け、該支持材の他端側を支持板に固定することを特徴とする換気扇の製造方法。 A hole is formed on one side of the hollow support material,
A method for manufacturing a ventilation fan, wherein one end side of the support member is attached to an electric motor that drives an impeller, and the other end side of the support member is fixed to a support plate. 各々の換気扇の卓越周波数ｆを決定し、前記孔部の開口部面積Ａ、開口部長さＬ、及び空洞部容積Ｖが、前記卓越周波数ｆとの関係で下記式（１）を満たすように、前記支持材の一側面に前記孔部を形成することを特徴とする請求項５に記載の換気扇の製造方法。
f ＝ c／２π × √（Ａ／ＶＬ） ・・・（１）
（但し、上記式（１）中ｆは、各々の換気扇において前記支持材に前記孔部が形成されていない状態として前記羽根車を駆動して行った周波数分析において、他の値よりも卓越した周波数成分に対応する卓越周波数を示す。）
ｃ ： 音速（ｍ／ｓ）
Ａ ： 開口部面積（ｍ２）
Ｌ ： 開口部長さ（ｍ）
Ｖ ： 空洞部容積（ｍ３） The dominant frequency f of each ventilation fan is determined, so that the opening area A, the opening length L, and the cavity volume V of the hole satisfy the following formula (1) in relation to the dominant frequency f: 6. The method for manufacturing a ventilation fan according to claim 5, wherein the hole is formed on one side surface of the support member.
f = c / 2π × √ (A / VL) (1)
(However, f in the above formula (1) is superior to other values in the frequency analysis performed by driving the impeller in a state where the hole is not formed in the support member in each ventilation fan. Indicates the dominant frequency corresponding to the frequency component.)
c: speed of sound (m / s)
A: Opening area (m 2 )
L: Opening length (m)
V: Volume of cavity (m 3 )
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JPH0979199A (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-25 Hitachi Ltd Motor-driven air blower
JPH10306972A (en) * 1997-05-09 1998-11-17 Toshiba Corp Refrigerator
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