JP2016138490A - Lubrication structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently scatter lube oil on an oil pan while restricting the power loss due to the flow resistance.SOLUTION: A lubrication structure in which an engine is lubricated by scrapping up lube oil stored on an oil pan within a crank case, the lubrication structure comprises: a scraper 10 which includes a body part 10a in which an immersion state that has been immersed in lube oil and a retracted state saved in the liquid level above lube oil are alternately repeated along with the rotation of a crank shaft and scatters lube oil within the crank case during the transition of the body part from the immersion state to the retracted state; and an oil holding part 13 composed of open holes 10b penetrating from one side in a rotation axis direction of the crank shaft to the other side or dents recessed from one side to the other side among body parts of the scraper for holding the lube oil which immerses in the immersion state while scattering the held lube oil in the retracted state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine lubrication structure using a scraper.

  An oil pan is formed in the crankcase, and the scraper lifts the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan and scatters it on engine components such as pistons, connecting rods, and crankshafts. Lubricate and cool the parts.

  For example, in the vertical engine described in Patent Document 1, a cylindrical portion is formed in the scraper, and the lower end opening of the cylindrical portion is always immersed in the lubricating oil of the oil pan. Further, since the scraper is fixed to the crankshaft, when the crankshaft rotates, the scraper also rotates, and lubricating oil caught inside from the lower end opening of the cylindrical portion is ejected from the upper end opening of the cylindrical portion, and the piston It will be scattered.

  Moreover, the vertical engine described in Patent Document 2 is provided with an oil bucket that rotates in conjunction with a crankshaft and a gear. When the oil bucket rotates, the lubricating oil flows into the oil bucket from the scooping portion that is constantly immersed in the oil pan, and is ejected to the upper side of the oil bucket and scattered on the piston and the like.

Japanese Patent No. 4502782 JP 2006-132366 A

  As in the above-mentioned Patent Documents 1 and 2, in the vertical engine, since the liquid level of the lubricating oil is almost perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the crankshaft, the member that is always immersed in the lubricating oil is rotated perpendicular to the liquid level. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the lubricant is jetted upward from the liquid level by rotating around the shaft. However, for example, the rotation axis direction of the crankshaft may be approximately parallel to the liquid level of the lubricating oil.

  At this time, the scraper rotates on a rotating shaft parallel to the rotating shaft direction of the crankshaft and is immersed in the lubricating oil of the oil pan or retracted above the liquid surface of the lubricating oil. When the lubricating oil is scattered by such a scraping operation of the scraper, the scraper is easily subjected to the flow resistance of the lubricating oil, so that the degree of freedom of shape of the scraper is low. On the other hand, there is a demand for improvement in the performance of scraping and scattering the lubricating oil.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating structure that can efficiently disperse lubricating oil of an oil pan while suppressing power loss due to flow resistance.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the lubricating structure of the present invention that lubricates the engine by scraping the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan in the crankcase is immersed in the lubricating oil as the crankshaft rotates. A scraper that has a main body portion in which the immersed state and the retracted state withdrawn above the liquid level of the lubricating oil are alternately repeated, and the lubricating oil is scattered in the crankcase when the main body portion transitions from the immersed state to the retracted state. And a through-hole penetrating from one side of the crankshaft rotation axis direction to the other side of the main body of the scraper, or a recess recessed from one side to the other side, and enters in an immersed state. An oil holding unit that holds the lubricating oil and scatters the held lubricating oil in a retracted state.

  A plurality of oil retaining portions may be formed in the main body portion.

  The main body portion may be provided with a plurality of oil retaining portions having different opening areas.

  Of the wall surface of the main body part constituting the oil holding part, the upper wall surface located on the front side in the retreat direction, which is the direction in which the main body part shifts from the immersed state to the retracted state, is located on the front side in the retreat direction as the opening side It may be an inclined surface.

  Of the wall surfaces of the main body part constituting the oil holding part, the lower wall surface located on the rear side in the retracting direction may be an inclined surface positioned on the front side in the retracting direction as the opening side.

  The scraper may be provided at the large end of the connecting rod through which the crankshaft is inserted.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the lubricating oil of an oil pan can be efficiently scattered, suppressing the power loss by flow resistance.

It is a schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating the lubrication structure of an engine. It is a perspective view of a connecting rod and a scraper. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the shape of an oil holding | maintenance part.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a lubrication structure of the engine 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 has a housing 4 in which a cylinder block 2 and a crankcase 3 are integrally formed. A cylinder 5 is formed inside the cylinder block 2, and a piston 6 is accommodated in the cylinder 5.

  A cylinder head (not shown) is disposed on the upper side of the cylinder block 2 in FIG. 1, and a space surrounded by the cylinder head and the piston 6 in the cylinder 5 becomes a combustion chamber, and fuel is burned in the combustion chamber. Done.

  A small end portion 7 a of a connecting rod 7 is connected to the piston 6, and a crank pin (not shown) of a crankshaft 8 is connected (inserted) to the large end portion 7 b of the connecting rod 7. When the fuel burns in the combustion chamber and receives the expansion pressure and the piston 6 reciprocates in the cylinder 5, the power of the piston 6 is transmitted to the crankshaft 8 through the connecting rod 7 to rotate the crankshaft 8.

  An oil pan 9 is formed in the lower portion of the housing 4 for the purpose of lubricating the connecting portion of the piston 6, connecting rod 7 and crankshaft 8, cooling the piston 6 and the cylinder 5, etc. As indicated by cross hatching, lubricating oil is stored in the oil pan 9.

  In the scraper 10, the main body 10 a is integrally formed with the large end 7 b of the connecting rod 7, and when the crankshaft 8 rotates as the piston 6 reciprocates, the crankshaft 8 rotates and the solid line in FIG. Rotate as shown by the arrow.

  And the main-body part 10a of the scraper 10 is immersed in the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan 9 (immersion state), or retracts above the liquid surface 11 of the lubricating oil (retracted state). As the crankshaft 8 rotates, the immersion state and the retracted state are alternately repeated, and the lubricating oil is scattered in the crankcase 3 when the main body portion 10a shifts from the immersed state to the retracted state.

  As described above, the lubrication structure 12 in the engine 1 causes the piston 6, the connecting rod, and the scraper 10 to lift up the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan 9 and scatter it in the crankcase 3 as the scraper 10 rotates. 7 and the crankshaft 8 are lubricated. Hereinafter, the structure of the scraper 10 in the lubricating structure 12 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the connecting rod 7 and the scraper 10. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of through holes 10 b are provided in the main body portion 10 a of the scraper 10 provided at the large end portion 7 b of the connecting rod 7. The through hole 10b penetrates from one side surface 10c facing the rotation axis direction of the crankshaft 8 (indicated by a solid arrow in FIG. 2) to the other side surface 10d in the main body portion 10a of the scraper 10. That is, the through hole 10 b penetrates the main body portion 10 a of the scraper 10 from one side in the rotation axis direction of the crankshaft 8 to the other side.

  In the present embodiment, the through hole 10 b of the scraper 10 functions as the oil holding unit 13. When the main body portion 10 a of the scraper 10 is immersed in the lubricating oil of the oil pan 9 (becomes immersed), the lubricating oil enters the oil holding portion 13.

  When the main body portion 10a of the scraper 10 is retracted above the lubricating oil level 11 (when in the retracted state), the oil retaining portion 13 infiltrates the retained lubricating oil into the crankcase 3. Scatter.

  As in the present embodiment, the lubricating oil level 11 (see FIG. 1) is approximately parallel to the rotational axis of the crankshaft 8, and the scraper 10 is immersed and retracted as the crankshaft 8 rotates. When the lubricating oil is scattered by repeating, the scraper 10 easily receives the flow resistance of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the scraper 10 needs to have a shape that hardly receives the flow resistance of the lubricating oil, and the design freedom of the shape is low.

  Here, as described above, by providing the through-hole 10b penetrating from one side surface 10c facing the rotation axis direction of the crankshaft 8 to the other side surface 10d, the scraper 10 can be used without substantially affecting the flow resistance. The amount of lubricant to be lifted is increased. That is, in the lubricating structure 12, the lubricating oil in the oil pan 9 can be efficiently scattered while suppressing power loss due to flow resistance.

  Moreover, since the through-hole 10b is formed in the main-body part 10a, it becomes possible to increase further the amount of lubricating oil which the scraper 10 lifts up.

  By the way, the viscosity of the lubricating oil changes depending on the temperature. When the temperature of the lubricating oil is high, the viscosity is low, and when the temperature of the lubricating oil is low, the viscosity is high. Therefore, when the viscosity of the lubricating oil is low, if the opening area of the through hole 10b is too large, even if the lubricating oil once enters the through hole 10b, it immediately flows out of the through hole 10b and lubricates the through hole 10b. Not much oil is retained. On the other hand, when the viscosity of the lubricating oil is high, if the opening area of the through hole 10b is too small, the lubricating oil hardly enters the through hole 10b in the first place.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening area of the plurality of through holes 10b is smaller as the position is closer to the distal end side (lower side in FIG. 2) of the main body 10a. As described above, in the scraper 10, since the main body portion 10a is provided with a plurality of through holes 10b having different opening areas, the amount of lubricating oil that the scraper 10 lifts can be ensured regardless of the viscosity of the lubricating oil. .

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the shapes of the oil holding portions 13, 23, 33, 43, and 53. FIG. 3A shows the through hole 10b that is the oil holding portion 13 of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. Moreover, FIG.3 (b)-FIG.3 (e) show the cross section of the site | part corresponding to Fig.3 (a) in a 1st modification-a 4th modification.

  In FIG. 3, the retraction direction, which is the direction in which the main body portion 10 a shifts from the immersed state to the retracted state, is indicated by a solid arrow. Here, it is assumed that most of the objects to be lubricated such as the piston 6 and the crankshaft 8 are located on the right side in FIG. 3 with respect to the main body 10a.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), among the wall surfaces of the main body 10a constituting the through hole 10b, the upper wall surface 10e located on the front side in the retracting direction is the opening side on the right side (lubrication target side) in FIG. It is an inclined surface located on the front side (upper side in FIG. 3) in the retracting direction.

  Therefore, the lubricating oil retained in the through hole 10b is likely to scatter toward the upper right in FIG. 3, and the lubricating oil can be efficiently scattered toward the lubrication target.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), the oil retaining portion 23 of the first modified example includes a recess 24 formed on the side surface 10 d of the main body portion 10 a of the scraper 10. That is, the recess 24 is recessed from one side in the rotation axis direction of the crankshaft 8 to the other side in the main body portion 10 a of the scraper 10. Thus, the oil retaining portion 23 is not limited to the through hole 10b and may be a recess 24. In the first modification, the upper wall surface 10e is an inclined surface as in the above-described embodiment, and the same effect as in the above-described embodiment is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (c), the oil retaining portion 33 of the second modified example includes the through hole 30b as in the above-described embodiment, and the retraction direction of the wall surface of the main body portion 10a constituting the through hole 30b. The lower wall surface 10f located on the rear side is an inclined surface. Specifically, the lower wall surface 10f includes two inclined surfaces 34 and 35 that are positioned on the front side (upper side in FIG. 3) in the retracting direction toward the left and right opening sides in FIG. 3 (c).

  Therefore, the lubricating oil is prevented from flowing out of the opening on the lower wall surface 10f side of the through hole 30b by being blocked by the inclined surfaces 34 and 35, and the amount of lubricating oil retained in the through hole 30b is increased, and the lubricating oil to be scattered is scattered. It becomes possible to increase the amount of oil.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (d), the oil retaining portion 43 of the third modified example is formed of a dent 44, as in the first modified example described above, and of the wall surface of the main body 10 a constituting the dent 44, in the retracting direction. The lower wall surface 10f located on the rear side is an inclined surface located on the front side (upper side in FIG. 3) in the retracting direction toward the opening side. Also in the third modification, the same effects as in the second modification described above are achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 3E, the oil retaining portion 53 of the fourth modified example includes the through hole 50b and the auxiliary member 54 as in the above-described embodiment. The auxiliary member 54 is a member that covers a part of the left and right openings of the through hole 50b on the rear side (lower side in FIG. 3) in the retracting direction from the outside of the through hole 50b.

  According to the oil retaining portion 53 of the fourth modified example, the processing of the through hole 50b is facilitated, the processing cost can be reduced, and the size of the auxiliary member 54 is appropriately designed to retain the lubricating oil in the through hole 50b. The amount can be easily increased.

  In the embodiment and the modification described above, the scraper 10 is described as being integrally formed with the large end portion 7b of the connecting rod 7. However, the scraper 10 is formed separately from the large end portion 7b and formed on the large end portion 7b. It may be attached.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment and the first to third modifications, the case where the upper wall surface 10e and the lower wall surface 10f are inclined surfaces has been described. However, as in the fourth modification example, Both the lower wall surfaces 10f are not inclined surfaces, and the auxiliary member 54 may not be provided.

  In the above-described embodiment and the first to third modifications, the case where only one of the upper wall surface 10e and the lower wall surface 10f is an inclined surface has been described, but the upper wall surface 10e and the lower wall surface 10f are described. Both may be inclined surfaces. In this case, the amount of lubricating oil retained can be increased, and the lubricating oil can be efficiently scattered to the object to be lubricated, and the amount of lubricating oil scattered can be increased synergistically.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications within the scope described in the claims. Needless to say, the modified examples also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used for an engine lubrication structure using a scraper.

1 Engine 7 Connecting rod 7b Large end 8 Crankshaft 9 Oil pan 10 Scraper 10a Main body 10b, 30b, 50b Through hole 10e Upper wall surface 10f Lower wall surface 12 Lubricating structure 13, 23, 33, 43, 53 Oil holding portions 24, 44 Recess 34, 35 Inclined surface

Claims (6)

A lubrication structure that lubricates the engine by lifting up the lubricant stored in the oil pan in the crankcase,
As the crankshaft rotates, it has a main body portion in which an immersion state immersed in the lubricating oil and a retracted state retracted above the liquid surface of the lubricating oil are alternately repeated. A scraper that scatters the lubricating oil into the crankcase at the time of transition of the main body to a state;
Of the main body portion of the scraper, the crankshaft comprises a through-hole penetrating from one side to the other side in the rotation axis direction, or a recess recessed from the one side to the other side. An oil holding unit for holding the lubricating oil to enter and for scattering the held lubricating oil in the retracted state;
A lubrication structure comprising:   The lubricating structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the oil retaining portions are formed in the main body portion.   The lubricating structure according to claim 2, wherein the main body portion is provided with a plurality of oil holding portions having different opening areas.   Of the wall surfaces of the main body portion constituting the oil holding portion, the upper wall surface located on the front side in the retraction direction, which is the direction in which the main body portion transitions from the immersed state to the retracted state, The lubricating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lubricating structure is an inclined surface located on the front side.   The lower wall surface located on the rear side in the retraction direction among the wall surfaces of the main body part constituting the oil holding portion is an inclined surface located on the front side in the retraction direction toward the opening side. Item 5. The lubricating structure according to any one of Items 1 to 4.   The lubricating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the scraper is provided at a large end of a connecting rod through which the crankshaft is inserted.

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