JP2016138083A - Foliar spraying agent - Google Patents

Foliar spraying agent Download PDF

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JP2016138083A
JP2016138083A JP2015028212A JP2015028212A JP2016138083A JP 2016138083 A JP2016138083 A JP 2016138083A JP 2015028212 A JP2015028212 A JP 2015028212A JP 2015028212 A JP2015028212 A JP 2015028212A JP 2016138083 A JP2016138083 A JP 2016138083A
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foliar
yeast extract
foliar spray
acid
polyamine
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JP6562409B2 (en
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直人 梶
Naoto Kaji
直人 梶
智寛 中川
Tomohiro Nakagawa
智寛 中川
亮治 立山
Ryoji Tateyama
亮治 立山
健一 阿孫
Kenichi Ason
健一 阿孫
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Kohjin Life Sciences Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a foliar spraying agent efficiently increasing yield and increasing nutrition value or taste on root corps, fruit vegetables and cereals, which is preferably a natural product.SOLUTION: A foliar spraying agent containing a yeast extract with the adenylic acid content of 5 wt.% or more, the fee amino acid content of 3 wt.% or more and the polyamine content of 0.1 wt.% or more as an active component is sprayed to a foliar of plants.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、植物の収量向上、品質向上を目的とする葉面散布剤に係るものである。この葉面散布剤は、ヌクレオチドであるアデニル酸とポリアミンを有効成分として含む酵母抽出物を主成分とする。   The present invention relates to a foliar spray for the purpose of improving plant yield and quality. This foliar spray is composed mainly of yeast extract containing nucleotides adenylic acid and polyamine as active ingredients.

農産物である植物の栽培において、その生産性と品質向上を目的として、生理活性物質等の薬剤を葉面散布する方法が、注目されている。葉面散布は、土壌への散布や鋤き込みに比べ、即効性があり、また成長段階に適した使用が可能といったメリットがある。   In the cultivation of plants, which are agricultural products, a method for foliar spraying of drugs such as physiologically active substances has been attracting attention for the purpose of improving productivity and quality. Foliar application is more effective than soil application and sowing, and has the advantage that it can be used in a suitable growth stage.

葉面散布剤の効果の例としては、アミノ酸やイノシン酸、グアニル酸を含む発酵副生物を葉面散布することで、イネ、トマト、キュウリなどにおいてアレロパシー効果が向上したことが報告されている(特許文献1)。また、ペプチドやアミノ酸を含有する糖類発酵液に必須微量金属塩を溶解して葉面散布すると、バジル、ブドウなどで生産性が向上しかつ植物体内の硝酸が低減されたことが報告されている(特許文献2)。特許文献6には、モリブデン酸、アミノ酸、核酸を含有する水溶液を葉面散布することで、ホウレンソウやコマツナの植物体内の硝酸が低減できたことが記載され、アミノ酸、核酸として酵母抽出物が用いられている。核酸の構成単位であるヌクレオチドは、植物の生育に重要な働きをし、そのうち特にアデニル酸はアデニンの関連化合物であり、アデニンは植物成長ホルモンであるカイネチンの基本骨格となっている。  As an example of the effect of foliar spray, it has been reported that the allelopathic effect has been improved in rice, tomato, cucumber, etc. by foliar application of fermentation by-products containing amino acids, inosinic acid and guanylic acid ( Patent Document 1). In addition, it has been reported that when essential trace metal salts are dissolved in a fermented saccharide containing peptide and amino acid and sprayed on the foliage, productivity is improved with basil, grapes, etc., and nitric acid in plants is reduced. (Patent Document 2). Patent Document 6 describes that nitric acid in spinach and komatsuna plants could be reduced by foliar application of an aqueous solution containing molybdic acid, amino acid and nucleic acid, and yeast extract was used as the amino acid and nucleic acid. It has been. Nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids, play an important role in plant growth. Among them, adenylate is a related compound of adenine, and adenine is the basic skeleton of kinetin, which is a plant growth hormone.

一方、ポリアミンは動植物の細胞増殖の成分であり、ポリアミンを与えると植物の根、塊茎、果実、種子などが大きくなる現象があることが報告されている。また、ポリアミンにより、塩ストレス下での植物の耐性が強化されること(非特許文献1)、ポリアミンがストレス環境下において窒素の代謝を高める重要な成分であること(非特許文献2)が知られている。具体的には、ポリアミンを葉面散布することで、キュウリにおいて低温ストレス抵抗性が向上したこと(特許文献3)、イモ、イチゴについて耐病性が増強されたことが報告されている(特許文献4)。また、ポリアミンとクレアチンリン酸を葉面散布することで、イシガキイチゴの収穫量が向上し、甘味の強いイチゴがとれたことが報告されている(特許文献5)。 On the other hand, polyamine is a component of cell growth of animals and plants, and it has been reported that when polyamine is given, the roots, tubers, fruits, seeds, etc. of the plant become large. It is also known that polyamines enhance plant tolerance under salt stress (Non-Patent Document 1), and that polyamines are important components that enhance nitrogen metabolism under stress environments (Non-Patent Document 2). It has been. Specifically, it has been reported that low temperature stress resistance has been improved in cucumber (Patent Document 3), and disease resistance has been enhanced for potatoes and strawberries by foliar application of polyamine (Patent Document 4). ). In addition, it has been reported that the yield of Ishigaki strawberry was improved by spraying foliar with polyamine and creatine phosphate, and the strawberry with strong sweetness was taken (Patent Document 5).

最近、食の安全への志向から有機野菜が注目されており、栽培において葉面散布するものも天然物由来、さらには食品であることが望ましいと考えられている。
酵母抽出物は食品素材であり、特に特に植物に悪影響を与える要因は少ないことも利点である。一切の合成化学物質の使用を認めていない有機JAS法にも適用可能としたものである。
また、酵母抽出物の主な用途は、食品として直接添加し、呈味性を向上することや、培地として生産性を向上することよく知られているが、アデニル酸やポリアミンを特定する酵母抽出物を含有する葉面散布剤が植物の栄養価を上げるなどの報告例はなかった。
Recently, organic vegetables have been attracting attention from the viewpoint of food safety, and it is considered that what is applied to the foliage during cultivation is preferably derived from natural products and, moreover, food.
Yeast extract is a food material, and it is also advantageous that there are particularly few factors that adversely affect plants. It is also applicable to the organic JAS method that does not allow the use of any synthetic chemical substances.
Moreover, the main use of yeast extract is well known to be added directly as food to improve taste and improve productivity as a medium, but yeast extraction that identifies adenylic acid and polyamines is well known. There have been no reports of foliar sprays containing foods that increase the nutritional value of plants.

特開2012-10694号公報JP 2012-10694 特開2006-265199号公報JP 2006-265199 A 特開2000-290102号公報JP 2000-290102 JP 特開2011-132158号公報JP 2011-132158 A 特開2002‐29905号公報JP 2002-29905 A 特開2003-180165号公報JP 2003-180165 A

Plant physiol., 91, 500-504, 1989Plant physiol., 91, 500-504, 1989 J.Exp.Bio., 63, 5003-5015, 2012J.Exp.Bio., 63, 5003-5015, 2012

本発明の目的は、根菜類、果菜類、穀実類について、効率よく収穫量を上げ、かつ栄養価や味質を上げる葉面散布剤を提供することである。 葉面散布剤として用いるものとしては、天然物であることが望ましい。   An object of the present invention is to provide a foliar spray agent that efficiently increases yield and improves nutritional value and taste quality for root vegetables, fruit vegetables, and cereals. As a foliar spray, it is desirable that it is a natural product.

本発明者らは、鋭意の研究を行った結果、特定の酵母抽出物を葉面散布剤に配合することにより、かかる課題を解決できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
すなわち本発明は、
(1)アデニル酸含量が5重量%以上である酵母抽出物を含有する、植物の葉面散布剤、
(2)前記酵母抽出物の遊離アミノ酸含量が3重量%以上である、(1)に記載の葉面散布剤、
(3)前記酵母抽出物のポリアミン含量が0.1重量%以上である、(1)または(2)に記載の葉面散布剤、
に係るものである。
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that such a problem can be solved by blending a specific yeast extract into a foliar spray, and have reached the present invention.
That is, the present invention
(1) A plant foliar spray containing a yeast extract having an adenylic acid content of 5% by weight or more,
(2) The foliar spray agent according to (1), wherein the yeast extract has a free amino acid content of 3% by weight or more,
(3) The foliar spray according to (1) or (2), wherein the yeast extract has a polyamine content of 0.1% by weight or more,
It is related to.

本発明の葉面散布剤は、上記の酵母抽出物を配合することにより、植物を成長促進することができ、また栄養価を向上し、食味も向上させることができる。特に、根菜の食味を向上させる効果が高い。
また酵母抽出物は一般の食品であるため、安全性の面でも優れている。
The foliar spray of the present invention can promote the growth of plants by blending the above yeast extract, improve the nutritional value, and improve the taste. In particular, the effect of improving the taste of root vegetables is high.
Moreover, since yeast extract is a general food, it is excellent also in terms of safety.

本発明の葉面散布剤に使用する酵母抽出物は、アデニル酸含量が5重量%以上、望ましくは8重量%以上のものである。また、ポリアミン含量が0.1重量%以上、望ましくは0.2%以上である。さらに、遊離アミノ酸が3重量%以上望ましくは4重量%以上のものであり、ペプチド含量が3重量%以上のものである。 The yeast extract used for the foliar spray of the present invention has an adenylic acid content of 5% by weight or more, desirably 8% by weight or more. Further, the polyamine content is 0.1% by weight or more, desirably 0.2% or more. Furthermore, the free amino acid is 3% by weight or more, preferably 4% by weight or more, and the peptide content is 3% by weight or more.

このような酵母抽出物の製造に用いられる酵母としては、パン酵母、ビール酵母(サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ)、トルラ酵母(キャンディダ・ユティリス)などを挙げることができ、中でもRNA含量が一般的に高いとされるトルラ酵母を用いることが望ましい。 Examples of yeasts used for the production of such yeast extract include baker's yeast, brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Torula yeast (Candida utilis), etc. It is desirable to use Torula yeast.

ヌクレオチドは、核酸の構成単位であり、アデニル酸、グアニル酸、チミジル酸、ウリジル酸、及びキサンチル酸が挙げられる。
酵母から水や溶媒で抽出しただけの酵母抽出物は、アデニル酸をほとんど含有していない。また、一般に旨味調味料として使用されている酵母エキスも同様である。
本願発明の、アデニル酸等のヌクレオチドを含有する酵母抽出物は、酵母から抽出した水溶性成分に対して、核酸分解酵素を作用させることで得られる。核酸分解酵素に加えてアデニル酸デアミナーゼを作用させると、アデニル酸がイノシン酸に変化してしまい、アデニル酸含量が低下するため、望ましくない。
A nucleotide is a structural unit of a nucleic acid, and examples thereof include adenylic acid, guanylic acid, thymidylic acid, uridylic acid, and xanthylic acid.
A yeast extract simply extracted from yeast with water or a solvent contains almost no adenylic acid. The same applies to yeast extract generally used as a umami seasoning.
The yeast extract containing nucleotides such as adenylic acid of the present invention can be obtained by allowing a nucleolytic enzyme to act on a water-soluble component extracted from yeast. When adenylate deaminase is allowed to act in addition to the nucleolytic enzyme, adenylate is changed to inosinate and the adenylate content decreases, which is not desirable.

本発明でいうポリアミンは、プトレッシン、スペルミジン、スペルミンであり、中でもアミノ基の価数が高いスペルミジン、スペルミンであることが望ましい。 The polyamines referred to in the present invention are putrescine, spermidine, and spermine. Among them, spermidine and spermine having a high valence of an amino group are desirable.

アデニル酸含量が5重量%以上、ポリアミン含量が0.1重量%以上、遊離アミノ酸が3重量%以上の酵母抽出物として、「酵母エキスNT」(興人ライフサイエンス社製)がある。 As a yeast extract having an adenylic acid content of 5% by weight or more, a polyamine content of 0.1% by weight or more, and a free amino acid of 3% by weight or more, there is “Yeast Extract NT” (manufactured by Kojin Life Sciences).

本発明の葉面散布剤は、使用時の濃度として、上記組成の酵母抽出物を0.005〜5%含有している水溶液であることが望ましい。
また、本発明の効果を阻害しない限り、酵母抽出物のほか、所望により補助成分をさらに加えることができる。具体的には、尿素、リン酸、塩化カルシウム、ブドウ糖、酢酸、グルタミン酸、プロリン、ウラシル、ビタミン群、塩化コリンなどである。さらに、葉面散布効果を高めるために、展着剤として使用されている、界面活性剤や増粘剤などを配合してもよい。
The foliar spray of the present invention is preferably an aqueous solution containing 0.005 to 5% of a yeast extract having the above composition as a concentration during use.
Moreover, as long as the effect of this invention is not inhibited, an auxiliary component other than a yeast extract can be added if desired. Specifically, urea, phosphoric acid, calcium chloride, glucose, acetic acid, glutamic acid, proline, uracil, vitamin group, choline chloride and the like. Furthermore, in order to enhance the foliar application effect, a surfactant or a thickener used as a spreading agent may be blended.

葉面散布の頻度は特に限定されないが、例えば上記組成の酵母抽出物を0.01〜0.10重量%含有する葉面散布剤水溶液を、1〜100日毎に1回以上、好ましくは7〜10日ごとに、植物の葉面に散布する。
散布方法としては、植物の気孔が一般的に葉の裏側にあるので、葉の裏面に重点的に散布するのが効果的である。
Although the frequency of foliar application is not particularly limited, for example, a foliar spray solution containing 0.01 to 0.10% by weight of the yeast extract having the above composition is once or more every 1 to 100 days, preferably 7 to Every 10 days, spray on the leaves of plants.
As a spraying method, since the pores of plants are generally on the back side of the leaves, it is effective to spray mainly on the back side of the leaves.

本発明の葉面散布剤は、各種植物の成長促進剤、食味向上剤として利用でき、穀物類、果樹類、野菜類、豆類といった飲食用の植物、園芸植物、樹木類等の植物にも使用可能である。   The foliar spray of the present invention can be used as a growth promoter and taste enhancer for various plants, and is also used for plants such as cereals, fruit trees, vegetables, beans, food and drink plants, horticultural plants, trees, etc. Is possible.

次に、本発明の詳細を実施例に基づいて説明するが、本発明の範囲は、これらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
なお、本発明において、各成分の測定法は以下の通りである。
Next, although the detail of this invention is demonstrated based on an Example, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
In the present invention, each component is measured as follows.

(アデニル酸の測定法)
高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により、5‘−アデニル酸二ナトリウム七水和物を標準に用いて、試料中のアデニル酸含量を測定する。本発明におけるアデニル酸含量は、5’−アデニル酸2ナトリウム7水和物換算の値である。
HPLCの条件
・分離カラム: MICGEL CDR-10(60℃、4.6mm×250mm、三菱化学製)
・移動相: 2M 酢酸−酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液(pH3.3)
・流速: 2mL/min
・検出: 紫外線検出器(210nm)
(Measurement method of adenylic acid)
The content of adenylic acid in the sample is measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using disodium 5'-adenylate heptahydrate as a standard. The adenylic acid content in the present invention is a value in terms of 5′-adenylic acid disodium heptahydrate.
HPLC conditions and separation column: MICGEL CDR-10 (60 ° C, 4.6 mm x 250 mm, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical)
・ Mobile phase: 2M acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH3.3)
・ Flow rate: 2mL / min
・ Detection: UV detector (210nm)

(ポリアミンの測定法)
高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により、スペルミン、スペルミジン、プトレッシンの各遊離型ポリアミンを標準に用いて、その合計量として、試料中のポリアミンを測定する。
HPLCの条件
・分離カラム: CAPCELL-PAK C18 UG-120(35℃、4.6×100mm、資生堂製)
・移動相: A:メタノール及び水の混液(6:4)、B:メタノール及び水の混液(8:2)
・流速: 1.7mL/min
・グラジエント:0→8分 100%A液、8→20分 100→0% A液、20→35分 0% A液。
・検出: 蛍光励起波長365nm、蛍光測定波長510nm
(Measurement method of polyamine)
By using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), each free polyamine of spermine, spermidine, and putrescine is used as a standard, and the polyamine in the sample is measured as the total amount.
HPLC conditions and separation column: CAPCELL-PAK C18 UG-120 (35 ℃, 4.6 × 100mm, manufactured by Shiseido)
・ Mobile phase: A: Mixture of methanol and water (6: 4), B: Mixture of methanol and water (8: 2)
・ Flow rate: 1.7mL / min
Gradient: 0 → 8 minutes 100% solution A, 8 → 20 minutes 100 → 0% solution A, 20 → 35 minutes 0% solution A.
・ Detection: Fluorescence excitation wavelength 365nm, fluorescence measurement wavelength 510nm

(遊離アミノ酸の測定法)
試料中の遊離アミノ酸の含量は、アミノ酸分析計(日立高速アミノ酸分析計L-8900)を用いて測定した。
但し、茶葉中のアミノ酸の定量分析のみ、後藤らの方法(茶業研究報告 1993年77巻29頁)に準じ、HPLCを用いて行った。
(Measurement method of free amino acids)
The content of free amino acids in the sample was measured using an amino acid analyzer (Hitachi High-Speed Amino Acid Analyzer L-8900).
However, only quantitative analysis of amino acids in tea leaves was performed using HPLC according to the method of Goto et al.

1.本発明の葉面散布剤の調製
(葉面散布剤R1)
酵母エキスNT(興人ライフサイエンス社製、アデニル酸10.0%、ポリアミン0.32%、遊離アミノ酸10%を含む)を水で溶解し、葉面散布剤とした。葉面散布剤R1は、酵母エキスNTの濃度が0.01g/Lである水溶液。R1中のアデニル酸0.001g/L、ポリアミン0.032mg/L。
(葉面散布剤R2)
酵母エキスNTが0.1g/Lである水溶液(R2中のアデニル酸0.01g/L、ポリアミン0.32mg/L)。
(葉面散布剤R3)
酵母エキスNTが1g/Lである水溶液(R3中のアデニル酸0.1g/L、ポリアミン3.2mg/L)。
(葉面散布剤R4)
酵母エキスNTが0.3g/Lである水溶液(R4中のアデニル酸0.03g/L、ポリアミン1.0mg/L)。
(葉面散布剤R5)
酵母エキスNTが0.1g/L、展着剤であるキサンタンガム(CPケルコ社)が0.02g/Lとなるように溶解した水溶液(R5中のアデニル酸0.01g/L、ポリアミン0.32mg/L)。
1. Preparation of foliar spray of the present invention (foliar spray R1)
Yeast extract NT (manufactured by Kojin Life Science Co., Ltd., containing 10.0% adenylic acid, 0.32% polyamine and 10% free amino acid) was dissolved in water to obtain a foliar spray. The foliar spray R1 is an aqueous solution having a yeast extract NT concentration of 0.01 g / L. 0.001 g / L of adenylic acid in R1 and 0.032 mg / L of polyamine.
(Foliar spray R2)
An aqueous solution containing 0.1 g / L of yeast extract NT (0.01 g / L of adenylic acid in R2 and 0.32 mg / L of polyamine).
(Foliar spray R3)
An aqueous solution of yeast extract NT 1 g / L (adenylic acid 0.1 g / L in R3, polyamine 3.2 mg / L).
(Foliar spray R4)
An aqueous solution of yeast extract NT 0.3 g / L (adenylic acid 0.03 g / L in R4, polyamine 1.0 mg / L).
(Foliar spray R5)
Aqueous solution in which yeast extract NT is 0.1 g / L and xanthan gum (CP Kerco) as a spreading agent is 0.02 g / L (adenylic acid 0.01 g / L in R5, polyamine 0.32 mg / L) .

2.比較例として用いる葉面散布剤の調製
(葉面散布剤C1) 水
(葉面散布剤C2)
RNA(キリンビール社)を0.1g/Lとなるように水に溶解したもの。
(葉面散布剤C3)
酵母エキスP1G(アサヒフード&ヘルスケア社)を0.1g/Lとなるように水に溶解したもの。
(葉面散布剤C4)
ポリアミンを0.72g/L(スペルミジン400mg/L、スペルミン200mg/L、プトレッシン120mg/L)となるように水に溶解したもの。
(葉面散布剤C5)
グルタミン酸0.1g/L、展着剤であるキサンタンガム(CPケルコ社)が0.02g/Lとなるように溶解した水溶液。
2. Preparation of foliar spray used as a comparative example (foliar spray C1) Water (foliar spray C2)
RNA (Kirin Brewery) dissolved in water at 0.1 g / L.
(Foliar spray C3)
Yeast extract P1G (Asahi Food & Healthcare) dissolved in water at 0.1 g / L.
(Foliar spray C4)
Polyamine dissolved in water to 0.72g / L (spermidine 400mg / L, spermine 200mg / L, putrescine 120mg / L).
(Foliar spray C5)
An aqueous solution in which 0.1 g / L of glutamic acid and xanthan gum (CP Kerco) as a spreading agent are dissolved to 0.02 g / L.

3.葉面散布剤の評価
(3−1) 根菜類の二十日大根に使用した場合の評価
土壌として一部化学肥料が配合されている「花と野菜の土」(サンテツ社製)を用いて、赤丸二十日大根を播種・定植後、本葉が出てから14株ずつの4区分を作り、区分ごとにそれぞれ葉面散布剤R1〜R3、C1を毎週1回散布した。葉の表・裏が完全に濡れるまで実施した。最初の散布から二十日後に、生育した二十日大根を区分ごとにすべて収穫した。
3. Evaluation of foliar spray (3-1) Using "Soil of flowers and vegetables" (manufactured by Santetsu Co., Ltd.) that contains some chemical fertilizers as an evaluation soil when used for the 20-day radish of root vegetables After seeding and planting red radish 20 days radish, four divisions of 14 strains were made each after the emergence of the main leaves, and foliar sprays R1 to R3 and C1 were sprayed once a week for each division. It was carried out until the front and back of the leaves were completely wet. Twenty days after the first application, all grown daikon radishes were harvested by category.

葉面散布剤R1〜R3、C1のそれぞれについて、それを散布した収穫物の収量(重量、葉長)を確認した。また、根部について糖度ブリックス計を用いて糖度を測定した。  For each of the foliar spray agents R1 to R3 and C1, the yield (weight, leaf length) of the crops to which it was sprayed was confirmed. In addition, the sugar content of the root portion was measured using a sugar content Brix meter.

その結果、葉面散布剤R1〜R3については、対照のC1と比較し、総重量が約10%増えた。また、R2、R3については糖度も上がった。
以上の結果から、赤丸二十日大根に対しては本葉面散布剤の効果が認められた。
葉面散布剤R1〜R3の中では、葉面散布剤R2が収穫量、糖度ともに良かったことから、葉面散布剤の酵母エキスNTの濃度としては0.05〜1.0g/Lが望ましいと思われる。
As a result, the foliar sprays R1 to R3 increased in total weight by about 10% compared to the control C1. In addition, the sugar content of R2 and R3 also increased.
From the above results, the effect of the true foliar spray was recognized on the red-circle 20-day radish.
Among the foliar sprays R1 to R3, the foliar spray R2 was good in both yield and sugar content, so the concentration of yeast extract NT in the foliar spray is considered to be 0.05-1.0 g / L. .

(3−2)葉物類の小松菜に使用した場合の評価
土壌として市販の「花と野菜の土」を用いて、小松菜を播種・定植後本葉が出てから、葉面散布剤R1〜R3、C1を毎週1回散布した。葉の表・裏が完全に濡れるまで実施した。
(3-2) Evaluation when used for leafy komatsuna, using commercially available “flower and vegetable soil”, seedlings of komatsuna and the main leaves appear after planting, foliar spray agent R1 ~ R3 and C1 were sprayed once a week. It was carried out until the front and back of the leaves were completely wet.

葉面散布剤R1〜R3、C1のそれぞれについて、それを散布した収穫物の収量(重量、葉長)を確認した。また、根部について糖度ブリックス計を用いて糖度を測定した。  For each of the foliar spray agents R1 to R3, C1, the yield (weight, leaf length) of the crops to which it was sprayed was confirmed. In addition, the sugar content of the root portion was measured using a sugar content Brix meter.

その結果、葉面散布剤R2、R3については、無添加のC1と比較して収量が上がり、特にR2では総重量が約10%増えた。このことから、小松菜においては葉面散布剤R1〜R3の中ではR2が良く、酵母エキスNTの葉面散布濃度としては0.1g/Lが良いという結果が得られた。   As a result, for the foliar sprays R2 and R3, the yield increased compared to C1 without addition, and in particular, the total weight of R2 increased by about 10%. From this, in Komatsuna, among the foliar spray agents R1 to R3, R2 was good, and 0.1 g / L was good as the foliar spray concentration of yeast extract NT.

(3−3) 核酸と酵母エキスとの比較
サンプルとして、葉面散布剤R2と葉面散布剤C2〜4を用いた以外は、3-1と同様に、赤丸二十日大根について葉面散布を行った。葉長、糖度(Brix値)や食味等について評価した。その結果を図1、図2のグラフに示す。食味は、7名のパネラーが生食し、甘さ、辛味、苦味、旨味について官能評価を行った。
(3-3) Comparison between nucleic acid and yeast extract
As a sample, foliar spraying was performed on the red circle 20-day radish, except that foliar spraying agent R2 and foliar spraying agent C2-4 were used. The leaf length, sugar content (Brix value), and taste were evaluated. The results are shown in the graphs of FIGS. The taste was eaten by seven panelists and subjected to sensory evaluation on sweetness, pungent taste, bitterness, and umami.

葉面散布剤R2で処理した赤丸二十日大根の葉長は、RNAや酵母エキスを含む葉面散布剤(C2、C3)と同様に、コントロールC1と比べて大きくなる傾向となった。また、葉面散布剤R2処理では、僅かに糖度が高くなる傾向が見られた。
官能評価の結果は表3に示す通り、葉面散布剤R2で処理した大根は、C2、C3よりも甘味、辛味、旨味が強く、苦味は少なく、総合的に食味が良くなる結果が得られた。
The leaf length of red circle 20-day radish treated with foliar spray R2 tended to be larger than that of control C1, as with foliar sprays (C2, C3) containing RNA and yeast extract. In addition, with the foliar spray R2 treatment, the sugar content tended to be slightly higher.
The results of the sensory evaluation are shown in Table 3. As shown in Table 3, the radish treated with the foliar spray R2 has stronger sweetness, pungent taste, and umami taste than C2 and C3, less bitterness, and overall better taste. It was.

(3−4) ポリアミンとの比較
土壌は、「花と野菜の培養土」(サンテツ社製)を入れた各プランター(58×18×15cm)に小松菜(味彩)の種を播種し、60日後に収穫した。温度コントロールは特に行わなかった。葉面散布は、定植後本葉が出てから10日に1回実施。散布の仕方は、葉の表・裏が完全に濡れるまで噴霧した。上記の土壌に対して、葉面散布剤R4、ポリアミン0.72g/L含む葉面散布剤C4、C1をそれぞれ散布した。
(3-4) Comparison with polyamine The seeds of Komatsuna (flavored) are sown in each planter (58 × 18 × 15 cm) containing “cultured soil of flowers and vegetables” (manufactured by Santetsu). Harvested after a day. There was no particular temperature control. Foliar spraying is carried out once every 10 days after the main leaves come out after planting. Spraying was carried out until the front and back of the leaves were completely wet. Foliar spraying agent R4 and foliar spraying agents C4 and C1 containing 0.72 g / L of polyamine were respectively sprayed on the soil.

その結果を表4に示す。葉面散布剤R4はコントロールと比べて約1.5倍量の収量増となった。なお、葉面散布剤R4のポリアミン濃度は1.0mg/Lであり、ポリアミン単独水溶液のC4と比べると720分の1の濃度である。R4は他の成分(ヌクレオチド等)との相乗効果があることが推測される。   The results are shown in Table 4. The foliar spray R4 increased the yield by about 1.5 times compared to the control. The polyamine concentration of the foliar spray R4 is 1.0 mg / L, which is 1/720 compared to C4 of the polyamine single aqueous solution. It is presumed that R4 has a synergistic effect with other components (such as nucleotides).

(3−5) 茶葉に使用したときの評価
やぶきた種で、2番茶収穫後約2か月後の芽長が5〜10cm、樹畝幅約1m、畝長さ10cmの茶樹に農業噴霧用噴霧器で葉面が濡れるように、葉面散布剤R5、C1、C5を20L/ha散布した。散布回数は摘茶前に2回(1回目の散布2〜3日後に2回目を散布)。
2回目の散布の2日後、芽を採取し、十分に水洗して水を切った後、70℃の熱風乾燥器で乾燥して測定用サンプルとした。茶葉中のアミノ酸の定量分析は後藤らの方法(茶業研究報告1993年77巻29頁)に準じ、高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いて行った。
コントロールとして水を散布したC1についても同様に芽を採取し、同様の操作を行った。
(3-5) Evaluation when used for tea leaves and burdock seeds, for agricultural spraying on tea trees with a bud length of 5-10cm, a width of 1m, and a length of 10cm, about 2 months after the second tea harvest A foliar spray agent R5, C1, C5 was sprayed at 20 L / ha so that the foliar surface was wetted with a sprayer. The number of spraying is 2 times before tea-picking (the first time 2 to 3 days after the second spraying).
Two days after the second spraying, the buds were collected, washed thoroughly with water and drained, and then dried in a hot air dryer at 70 ° C. to obtain a measurement sample. Quantitative analysis of amino acids in tea leaves was performed using high performance liquid chromatography according to the method of Goto et al. (Tea Industry Research Report, 1993, vol. 77, p. 29).
As for the control, C1 sprayed with water was similarly collected and the same operation was performed.

結果は表5に示した通り、本発明の葉面散布剤R5処理により、コントロールのC1に対し、茶葉中のテアニン含有量が約2倍に増加した。旨味も高まり、味質向上できることが確認できた。 As shown in Table 5, the treatment with the foliar spray R5 of the present invention increased the theanine content in tea leaves by about 2-fold compared to the control C1. It was confirmed that the umami increased and the taste could be improved.

(3−6) トマトに対して使用した場合の評価
土壌として市販の「花と野菜の土」を用いて、トマト(ホーム桃太郎)を播種・定植後本葉が出てから、葉面散布剤R3、C1を毎週1回散布した。葉の表・裏が完全に濡れるまで実施した。生育したトマトの果実を収穫後、それらの重量、水分、糖度、遊離アミノ酸、遊離グルタミン酸、リコピンについて測定を行った。
遊離アミノ酸、グルタミン酸は、日立アミノ酸分析計にて測定した。リコピンは、文献(日食工誌、39、925-928、1992)に従い、それに固有な可視光吸収帯から決定した。すり潰したトマト試料を抽出溶媒としてアセトン-ヘキサン(4:6)で抽出した。リコピン量を算出する式は以下の通りである。
リコピン(mg/100g)=-0.0485Abs(663nm)+0.204Abs(645nm)+0.372Abs(505nm)-0.0806Abs(453nm)とした。
結果は表6に示したとおり、R3を葉面散布したものは、C1とくらべて遊離グルタミン酸含量はやや低いものの、遊離アミノ酸合計含量は多くなり、リコピン含量は著しく高くなり、栄養価が高いものとなった。
(3-6) Evaluation for use with tomatoes Using commercially available "flower and vegetable soils", sowing tomatoes (home Momotaro) after seeding and planting the main leaves, foliar spray R3 and C1 were sprayed once a week. It was carried out until the front and back of the leaves were completely wet. After harvesting the grown tomato fruits, their weight, moisture, sugar content, free amino acids, free glutamic acid, and lycopene were measured.
Free amino acids and glutamic acid were measured with a Hitachi amino acid analyzer. Lycopene was determined from the intrinsic visible light absorption band according to the literature (Eclipse Journal, 39, 925-928, 1992). The ground tomato sample was extracted with acetone-hexane (4: 6) as an extraction solvent. The formula for calculating the amount of lycopene is as follows.
Lycopene (mg / 100 g) = − 0.0485 Abs (663 nm) +0.204 Abs (645 nm) +0.372 Abs (505 nm) −0.0806 Abs (453 nm).
As shown in Table 6, the result of foliar application of R3 is slightly lower in free glutamate than C1, but has a higher total free amino acid content, significantly higher lycopene content, and higher nutritional value. It became.

(3−3)試験における葉長の増加率(3-3) Increase rate of leaf length in the test (3−3)試験における糖度の増加率(3-3) Increase rate of sugar content in the test

Claims (3)

アデニル酸含量が5重量%以上である酵母抽出物を含有する、植物の葉面散布剤。 A plant foliar spray containing a yeast extract having an adenylic acid content of 5% by weight or more. 前記酵母抽出物の遊離アミノ酸含量が3重量%以上である、請求項1に記載の葉面散布剤。 The foliar spray of Claim 1 whose free amino acid content of the said yeast extract is 3 weight% or more. 前記酵母抽出物のポリアミン含量が0.1重量%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の葉面散布剤。
The foliar spraying agent of Claim 1 or 2 whose polyamine content of the said yeast extract is 0.1 weight% or more.
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JP2020530488A (en) * 2017-08-11 2020-10-22 シーオーツー グロ インコーポレイテッド Plant growth promotion system and method
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