JP2016137419A - Desulfurizer and fuel cell system incorporating same - Google Patents

Desulfurizer and fuel cell system incorporating same Download PDF

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JP2016137419A
JP2016137419A JP2015012228A JP2015012228A JP2016137419A JP 2016137419 A JP2016137419 A JP 2016137419A JP 2015012228 A JP2015012228 A JP 2015012228A JP 2015012228 A JP2015012228 A JP 2015012228A JP 2016137419 A JP2016137419 A JP 2016137419A
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desulfurizer
fuel
case
case member
fuel cell
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JP6539054B2 (en
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達也 三木
Tatsuya Miki
達也 三木
福田　徹
Toru Fukuda
徹 福田
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H01M8/0675—Removal of sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/06—Specifically adapted fuels for fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/04—Gasification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to ensure a high degree of freedom of layout and ensure accommodation even in a narrow space.SOLUTION: A desulfurizer 10 comprises a plurality of case members 36a to 36d filled with a desulfurization agent, the case members 36a to 36d are arranged at least in a horizontal direction each by an arbitrary number. A communication port 40a of the case member 36a constitutes a raw fuel supply port 44a while a communication port 42b of the case member 36b constitutes a raw fuel discharge port 44b. The multiple case members 36a to 36d are connected in series with respect to a fuel flow direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、燃料に含まれる硫黄成分を除去するための脱硫器及びこれを組み込む燃料電池システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components contained in fuel and a fuel cell system incorporating the desulfurizer.

通常、固体酸化物形燃料電池（ＳＯＦＣ）は、固体電解質に酸化物イオン導電体、例えば、安定化ジルコニアを用いている。固体電解質の両側にアノード電極とカソード電極とを配設した電解質・電極接合体（以下、ＭＥＡともいう）は、セパレータ（バイポーラ板）によって挟持されている。燃料電池は、通常、電解質・電極接合体とセパレータとが所定数だけ積層された燃料電池スタックとして使用されている。   Usually, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) uses an oxide ion conductor, for example, stabilized zirconia, as a solid electrolyte. An electrolyte / electrode assembly (hereinafter also referred to as MEA) in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are disposed on both sides of a solid electrolyte is sandwiched between separators (bipolar plates). A fuel cell is usually used as a fuel cell stack in which a predetermined number of electrolyte / electrode assemblies and separators are stacked.

ＳＯＦＣでは、炭化水素を主体とする原燃料（例えば、都市ガス）を改質し、燃料電池スタックに供給される燃料ガスを生成している。このため、原燃料を改質する前に、都市ガス中に含有されている付臭剤中の硫黄化合物を除去する必要があり、脱硫器が使用されている。   In SOFC, raw fuel (for example, city gas) mainly composed of hydrocarbon is reformed to generate fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack. For this reason, it is necessary to remove the sulfur compound in the odorant contained in the city gas before reforming the raw fuel, and a desulfurizer is used.

脱硫器として、例えば、特許文献１に開示されている脱硫装置が知られている。この脱硫装置は、脱硫触媒を収容可能な筒状の容器を備えている。容器の軸方向の両端近傍には、それぞれ被改質ガスの流入口及び流出口が設けられている。そして、流入口から流入した被改質ガスが、容器の内部空間において軸を含む面を境界とする第１領域と第２領域とを行き来しつつ軸方向に流れて流出口から流出するように、前記被改質ガスの流路を形成するガス流路形成手段を有している。   As a desulfurizer, for example, a desulfurization apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. This desulfurization apparatus includes a cylindrical container that can accommodate a desulfurization catalyst. In the vicinity of both ends in the axial direction of the container, an inlet and an outlet for the gas to be reformed are provided. Then, the gas to be reformed that has flowed in from the inflow port flows in the axial direction while flowing back and forth between the first region and the second region with the surface including the shaft as a boundary in the inner space of the container and flows out from the outflow port The gas flow path forming means for forming the flow path of the reformed gas is provided.

従って、被改質ガスは、流入口から流出口まで直線的に通過するのではなく、第１領域と第２領域とを蛇行しつつ進行するので、脱硫触媒と触れ合う距離及び時間が長くなり、脱硫効果が高まる、としている。   Therefore, the reformed gas does not pass linearly from the inlet to the outlet, but proceeds while meandering the first region and the second region, so that the distance and time for contacting the desulfurization catalyst are increased. The desulfurization effect will increase.

特開２００７−２７３１４２号公報JP 2007-273142 A

ところで、燃料電池システムを、例えば、家庭用コージェネレーションユニットとして用いる場合、特に設置面積を小さくすることが望まれている。しかしながら、上記の特許文献１では、脱硫触媒を収容する比較的大きな部品である筒状容器を備えている。このため、狭小な収容スペースに脱硫装置の設置場所を確保することが困難であるという問題がある。   Incidentally, when the fuel cell system is used as, for example, a household cogeneration unit, it is particularly desired to reduce the installation area. However, the above-described Patent Document 1 includes a cylindrical container that is a relatively large part that houses a desulfurization catalyst. For this reason, there exists a problem that it is difficult to ensure the installation place of a desulfurization apparatus in a narrow accommodation space.

本発明は、この種の問題を解決するものであり、レイアウトの自由度が高く、狭小なスペースにも確実に収容することが可能な脱硫器及びこれを組み込む燃料電池システムを提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to solve this type of problem, and to provide a desulfurizer having a high degree of freedom in layout and capable of being reliably accommodated in a narrow space, and a fuel cell system incorporating the desulfurizer. And

本発明は、燃料に含まれる硫黄成分を除去するための脱硫器に関するものである。この脱硫器は、脱硫剤が充填される複数個のケース部材を備え、各ケース部材は、燃料の出入りを許容する２つの連通口を有し、少なくとも重力方向又は水平方向に、それぞれ任意の個数の前記ケース部材が配列されている。   The present invention relates to a desulfurizer for removing sulfur components contained in fuel. This desulfurizer includes a plurality of case members filled with a desulfurizing agent, and each case member has two communication ports that allow fuel to enter and exit, and an arbitrary number of at least in the gravitational direction or the horizontal direction. The case members are arranged.

１つのケース部材の１つの連通口は、燃料を脱硫器に導入する燃料供給口を構成する一方、他の１つの前記ケース部材の１つの前記連通口は、脱硫後の前記燃料を該脱硫器から導出する燃料排出口を構成している。そして、燃料供給口及び燃料排出口以外の連通口は、互いに異なるケース部材の前記連通口同士が連結通路により連通されることにより、全ての前記ケース部材が、燃料流れ方向に沿って直列に連結されている。   One communication port of one case member constitutes a fuel supply port for introducing fuel into the desulfurizer, while one communication port of the other one case member supplies the fuel after desulfurization to the desulfurizer. The fuel discharge port derived from The communication ports other than the fuel supply port and the fuel discharge port are connected in series along the fuel flow direction by connecting the communication ports of different case members through a connection passage. Has been.

また、この脱硫器では、ケース部材は、直方体形状を有することが好ましい。このため、ケース部材同士を重力方向や水平方向に密着して配置させることができ、レイアウトの自由度が有効に向上する。   In this desulfurizer, the case member preferably has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. For this reason, the case members can be arranged in close contact with each other in the gravitational direction or the horizontal direction, and the degree of freedom in layout is effectively improved.

さらに、この脱硫器では、ケース部材の内部には、ケース内上面から重力方向下方に延在し、下端部とケース内下面との間に隙間を形成する複数枚の仕切り板が配置されることが好ましい。従って、ケース部材内の脱硫流路長が長尺化され、脱硫剤を効率的に使用することが可能になる。   Furthermore, in this desulfurizer, inside the case member, a plurality of partition plates that extend downward in the direction of gravity from the upper surface in the case and form a gap between the lower end portion and the lower surface in the case are disposed. Is preferred. Therefore, the length of the desulfurization flow path in the case member is lengthened, and the desulfurization agent can be used efficiently.

さらにまた、この脱硫器では、少なくとも２種類の外形寸法の異なるケース部材を備えることが好ましい。これにより、脱硫器のレイアウトの自由度が一層向上し、他の部品の隙間等に容易に設置することができる。   Furthermore, this desulfurizer preferably includes at least two types of case members having different external dimensions. Thereby, the freedom degree of the layout of a desulfurizer improves further, and it can install easily in the clearance gap of other components.

また、本発明に係る燃料電池システムは、脱硫器、燃料電池モジュール及び補機類を収容する筐体を備え、前記筐体は、いずれか１面のみが開閉可能な開閉扉であり、前記脱硫器は、前記開閉扉とは反対側の面に隣接して配置されている。   In addition, a fuel cell system according to the present invention includes a housing that houses a desulfurizer, a fuel cell module, and auxiliary machinery, and the housing is an open / close door that can be opened and closed only on one surface, The vessel is disposed adjacent to the surface opposite to the open / close door.

本発明によれば、脱硫器は、複数個のケース部材を備えており、任意の個数の前記ケース部材を少なくとも重力方向又は水平方向に配列させることができる。このため、脱硫器のレイアウトの自由度が良好に向上し、狭小なスペースにも確実に収容することが可能になる。   According to the present invention, the desulfurizer includes a plurality of case members, and an arbitrary number of the case members can be arranged in at least the gravity direction or the horizontal direction. For this reason, the freedom degree of the layout of a desulfurizer improves favorably and it becomes possible to accommodate reliably in a narrow space.

また、本発明によれば、脱硫器は、メンテナンスが不要であり、メンテナンス面である開閉扉から離間した位置に配置されている。従って、メンテナンス等の必要性が高い部品を優先的に開閉扉の近傍に設置することが可能になる。   Further, according to the present invention, the desulfurizer does not require maintenance, and is disposed at a position separated from the open / close door as a maintenance surface. Accordingly, it is possible to preferentially install a part having high necessity for maintenance or the like in the vicinity of the open / close door.

本発明の実施形態に係る脱硫器が組み込まれる燃料電池システムの概略斜視説明図である。1 is a schematic perspective view of a fuel cell system in which a desulfurizer according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. 前記燃料電池システムの背面からの説明図である。It is explanatory drawing from the back surface of the said fuel cell system. 前記脱硫器の一方からの要部斜視説明図である。It is principal part perspective explanatory drawing from one side of the said desulfurizer. 前記脱硫器の他方からの要部斜視説明図である。It is principal part perspective explanatory drawing from the other of the said desulfurizer. 前記脱硫器の内部を示す斜視説明図である。It is a perspective explanatory view showing the inside of the desulfurizer. 前記脱硫器を構成するケース部材の内部説明図である。It is internal explanatory drawing of the case member which comprises the said desulfurizer. 前記ケース部材の他の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other arrangement | sequence state of the said case member. 前記ケース部材の別の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows another arrangement | sequence state of the said case member. 前記ケース部材のさらに他の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other arrangement state of the said case member. 前記ケース部材のさらに別の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows another arrangement state of the said case member. 前記ケース部材のその他の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other arrangement | sequence state of the said case member. 前記ケース部材のさらにまた別の配列状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows another arrangement state of the said case member.

図１及び図２に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る脱硫器１０は、燃料電池システム１２に組み込まれる。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a desulfurizer 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated in a fuel cell system 12.

燃料電池システム１２は、筐体１４を備え、前記筐体１４の１面、例えば、正面は、開閉可能に開閉扉１６であり、前記開閉扉１６とは反対側の面は、裏面１８である。筐体１４内には、脱硫器１０、燃料電池モジュール２０及び後述する補機類（周辺機器）が収容される。   The fuel cell system 12 includes a housing 14. One surface of the housing 14, for example, the front surface is an openable / closable door 16, and the surface opposite to the open / close door 16 is a back surface 18. . The casing 14 accommodates a desulfurizer 10, a fuel cell module 20, and auxiliary equipment (peripheral devices) described later.

燃料電池モジュール２０は、図示しないが、燃料電池スタック、改質器、空気予熱器、排ガス燃焼器及び蒸発器等を備える。燃料電池スタックは、燃料ガス（例えば、水素ガスにメタン、一酸化炭素が混合した気体）と酸化剤ガス（空気）との電気化学反応により発電する。改質器は、炭化水素を主体とする原燃料（例えば、都市ガス）と水蒸気との混合ガスを水蒸気改質し、燃料電池スタックに供給される燃料ガスを生成する。   Although not shown, the fuel cell module 20 includes a fuel cell stack, a reformer, an air preheater, an exhaust gas combustor, an evaporator, and the like. The fuel cell stack generates power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas (for example, a gas in which methane and carbon monoxide are mixed in hydrogen gas) and an oxidant gas (air). The reformer steam-reforms a mixed gas of raw fuel (for example, city gas) mainly composed of hydrocarbons and steam to generate fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell stack.

空気予熱器は、燃焼排ガスとの熱交換により酸化剤ガスを昇温させるとともに、燃料電池スタックに前記酸化剤ガスを供給する。排ガス燃焼器は、燃料電池スタックから排出される燃料ガスである燃料排ガスと酸化剤ガスである酸化剤排ガスとを燃焼させ、燃焼排ガスを発生させる。蒸発器には、水と原燃料とが供給され、水が蒸発して生成された水蒸気と原燃料との混合ガスは、改質器に供給される。   The air preheater raises the temperature of the oxidant gas by heat exchange with the combustion exhaust gas, and supplies the oxidant gas to the fuel cell stack. The exhaust gas combustor burns fuel exhaust gas that is fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell stack and oxidant exhaust gas that is oxidant gas to generate combustion exhaust gas. Water and raw fuel are supplied to the evaporator, and a mixed gas of water vapor and raw fuel generated by evaporation of water is supplied to the reformer.

補機類としては、水を貯留する純水タンク２２、前記水のイオン交換を行うイオン交換装置２４、純水ポンプ２６、燃料ポンプ２８、燃料圧力スイッチ３０、ブレーカ３２及び外部配管３４等がある。筐体１４内では、特にイオン交換装置２４、燃料圧力スイッチ３０、ブレーカ３２及び外部配管３４が、開閉扉１６に隣接して配置される（図１参照）。   As auxiliary equipment, there are a pure water tank 22 for storing water, an ion exchange device 24 for performing ion exchange of the water, a pure water pump 26, a fuel pump 28, a fuel pressure switch 30, a breaker 32, an external pipe 34, and the like. . In the housing 14, in particular, an ion exchange device 24, a fuel pressure switch 30, a breaker 32, and an external pipe 34 are disposed adjacent to the open / close door 16 (see FIG. 1).

脱硫器１０は、筐体１４内で裏面１８に隣接して配置される。図３及び図４に示すように、脱硫器１０は、脱硫剤（図示せず）が充填され、少なくとも重力方向又は水平方向に、例えば、水平方向に配列される複数個、例えば、４個のケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂ、３６ｃ及び３６ｄを備える。   The desulfurizer 10 is disposed adjacent to the back surface 18 in the housing 14. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the desulfurizer 10 is filled with a desulfurizing agent (not shown), and is arranged in at least a gravity direction or a horizontal direction, for example, a plurality of, for example, four in the horizontal direction. Case members 36a, 36b, 36c and 36d are provided.

ケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄは、例えば、直方体形状を有するとともに、取り付け板３８ａ、３８ｂにより一体に固定される。ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂとケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄとは、少なくとも２種類の異なる外形寸法に設定される。ケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄの高さ方向の寸法は、ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂの高さ方向の寸法の略半分に設定され、それぞれの上面は、連続する平面に設定される。   The case members 36a to 36d have, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and are fixed integrally with the attachment plates 38a and 38b. The case members 36a and 36b and the case members 36c and 36d are set to at least two different external dimensions. The dimension in the height direction of the case members 36c and 36d is set to approximately half the dimension in the height direction of the case members 36a and 36b, and the upper surfaces thereof are set to a continuous plane.

ケース部材３６ａの長手方向両端には、原燃料の出入りを許容する２つの連通口４０ａ、４２ａが設けられる。ケース部材３６ｂの長手方向両端には、原燃料の出入りを許容する２つの連通口４０ｂ、４２ｂが設けられる。ケース部材３６ｃとケース部材３６ｄの長手方向両端には、同様に２つの連通口４０ｃ、４２ｃと２つの連通口４０ｄ、４２ｄが設けられる。   Two communication ports 40a and 42a that allow entry and exit of raw fuel are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36a. Two communication ports 40b and 42b that allow the entry and exit of raw fuel are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36b. Similarly, two communication ports 40c and 42c and two communication ports 40d and 42d are provided at both longitudinal ends of the case member 36c and the case member 36d.

本実施形態では、図３に示すように、ケース部材３６ａ（１つのケース部材）の連通口４０ａ（１つの連通口）は、原燃料を脱硫器１０に導入する原燃料供給口４４ａを構成する。ケース部材３６ｂ（他の１つのケース部材）の連通口４２ｂ（１つの連通口）は、脱硫後の原燃料を脱硫器１０から導出する原燃料排出口４４ｂを構成する。   In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the communication port 40 a (one communication port) of the case member 36 a (one case member) constitutes a raw fuel supply port 44 a for introducing raw fuel into the desulfurizer 10. . The communication port 42b (one communication port) of the case member 36b (another one case member) constitutes a raw fuel discharge port 44b through which the raw fuel after desulfurization is led out from the desulfurizer 10.

図４に示すように、ケース部材３６ａの連通口４２ａとケース部材３６ｄの連通口４０ｄとは、外部の連結配管（通路）４６ａにより接続される。図３に示すように、ケース部材３６ｄの連通口４２ｄとケース部材３６ｃの連通口４０ｃとは、外部の連結配管４６ｂにより接続される。   As shown in FIG. 4, the communication port 42a of the case member 36a and the communication port 40d of the case member 36d are connected by an external connection pipe (passage) 46a. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication port 42d of the case member 36d and the communication port 40c of the case member 36c are connected by an external connection pipe 46b.

図４に示すように、ケース部材３６ｃの連通口４２ｃとケース部材３６ｂの連通口４０ｂとは、外部の連結配管４６ｃにより接続される。４個（全て）のケース部材３６ａ、３６ｄ、３６ｃ及び３６ｂは、原燃料供給口４４ａから原燃料排出口４４ｂまで、燃料流れ方向に沿って直列に連結される（図５参照）。   As shown in FIG. 4, the communication port 42c of the case member 36c and the communication port 40b of the case member 36b are connected by an external connection pipe 46c. The four (all) case members 36a, 36d, 36c and 36b are connected in series along the fuel flow direction from the raw fuel supply port 44a to the raw fuel discharge port 44b (see FIG. 5).

図６に示すように、ケース部材３６ａの内部には、ケース内上面３６ａｕから重力方向下方に延在し、下端部とケース内下面３６ａｄとの間に隙間Ｓを形成する複数枚、例えば、２枚（又は３枚以上）の仕切り板４８ａが配置される。なお、図５に示すように、ケース部材３６ｂ〜３６ｄの内部には、ケース部材３６ａの内部と同様に、それぞれ２枚以上の仕切り板４８ｂ〜４８ｄが配置されており、その詳細な説明は省略する。   As shown in FIG. 6, in the case member 36a, a plurality of sheets that extend downward in the direction of gravity from the case upper surface 36au and form a gap S between the lower end portion and the case lower surface 36ad, for example, 2 One (or three or more) partition plates 48a are arranged. As shown in FIG. 5, two or more partition plates 48b to 48d are arranged inside the case members 36b to 36d, respectively, similarly to the inside of the case member 36a, and detailed description thereof is omitted. To do.

このように構成される脱硫器１０の動作について、燃料電池システム１２との関連で、以下に説明する。   The operation of the desulfurizer 10 configured as described above will be described below in relation to the fuel cell system 12.

図１に示すように、燃料電池モジュール２０の運転時には、空気予熱器に空気が供給されるとともに、前記空気予熱器には、排ガス燃焼器からの燃焼ガスが供給される。このため、空気は、燃焼ガスにより加熱（熱交換）され、高温になった前記空気は、燃料電池スタックの酸化剤ガス系流路に供給される。   As shown in FIG. 1, during operation of the fuel cell module 20, air is supplied to the air preheater, and combustion gas from an exhaust gas combustor is supplied to the air preheater. For this reason, the air is heated (heat exchange) by the combustion gas, and the air that has reached a high temperature is supplied to the oxidant gas system flow path of the fuel cell stack.

一方、例えば、都市ガス（ＣＨ4、Ｃ2Ｈ6、Ｃ3Ｈ8、Ｃ4Ｈ10を含む）等の原燃料は、脱硫器１０を通って脱硫された後、水とともに蒸発器に供給される。具体的には、図３〜図５に示すように、脱硫器１０を構成するケース部材３６ａ内には、原燃料供給口４４ａから原燃料が供給され、前記ケース部材３６ａの長手方向に流通しながら、図示しない脱硫剤により脱硫処理される。原燃料は、ケース部材３６ａの連通口４２ａから連結配管４６ａを通って連通口４０ｄからケース部材３６ｄの内部に導入される。 On the other hand, raw fuel such as city gas (including CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , and C 4 H 10 ) is desulfurized through the desulfurizer 10 and then supplied to the evaporator together with water. Is done. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, raw fuel is supplied from the raw fuel supply port 44 a into the case member 36 a constituting the desulfurizer 10, and flows in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36 a. However, it is desulfurized with a desulfurizing agent (not shown). The raw fuel is introduced from the communication port 42a of the case member 36a through the connection pipe 46a into the case member 36d through the communication port 40d.

原燃料は、ケース部材３６ｄの長手方向に流通して脱硫処理された後、連通口４２ｄから連結配管４６ｂを通って連通口４０ｃを設けるケース部材３６ｃの内部に供給される。原燃料は、ケース部材３６ｃの長手方向に流通して脱硫処理された後、連通口４２ｃに接続された連結配管４６ｃを通って連通口４０ｂからケース部材３６ｂの内部に導入される。ケース部材３６ｂの長手方向に流通した原燃料は、連通口４２ｂに接続された原燃料排出口４４ｂから蒸発器に供給される。   After the raw fuel flows in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36d and is desulfurized, the raw fuel is supplied from the communication port 42d through the connection pipe 46b to the inside of the case member 36c provided with the communication port 40c. After the raw fuel flows in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36c and is desulfurized, the raw fuel is introduced into the case member 36b from the communication port 40b through the connection pipe 46c connected to the communication port 42c. The raw fuel circulated in the longitudinal direction of the case member 36b is supplied to the evaporator from a raw fuel discharge port 44b connected to the communication port 42b.

蒸発器には、燃焼排ガスが供給されるため、水が蒸発して水蒸気が生成され、この水蒸気と原燃料との混合ガスは、改質器に供給される。改質器では、混合ガスが水蒸気改質され、Ｃ2+の炭化水素が除去（改質）されてメタンを主成分とする改質ガスが得られる。改質ガスは、燃料電池スタックの燃料ガス系流路に供給される。従って、燃料電池スタックでは、酸素と空気との化学反応により発電が行われる。 Since combustion exhaust gas is supplied to the evaporator, water evaporates to generate water vapor, and a mixed gas of this water vapor and raw fuel is supplied to the reformer. In the reformer, the mixed gas is steam reformed, and C 2+ hydrocarbons are removed (reformed) to obtain a reformed gas mainly composed of methane. The reformed gas is supplied to the fuel gas system flow path of the fuel cell stack. Therefore, in the fuel cell stack, power generation is performed by a chemical reaction between oxygen and air.

この場合、本実施形態では、脱硫器１０は、複数個、例えば、４個のケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄを備えており、前記ケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄの任意の個数を少なくとも重力方向又は水平方向に配列させることができる。具体的には、図３及び図４では、ケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄが、水平方向に配列されている。   In this case, in this embodiment, the desulfurizer 10 includes a plurality of, for example, four case members 36a to 36d, and an arbitrary number of the case members 36a to 36d is arranged at least in the gravity direction or the horizontal direction. Can be made. Specifically, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the case members 36a to 36d are arranged in the horizontal direction.

一方、図７に示すように、脱硫器１０では、ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｃ、３６ｂ及び３６ｄの順に水平方向に配列することができる。また、図８に示すように、脱硫器１０では、ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂ間にケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄを挟んで水平方向に配列することができる。   On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, in the desulfurizer 10, the case members 36a, 36c, 36b and 36d can be arranged in the horizontal direction in this order. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, in the desulfurizer 10, the case members 36c and 36d can be sandwiched between the case members 36a and 36b and arranged in the horizontal direction.

さらに、図９に示すように、脱硫器１０では、ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂが水平方向に配列されるとともに、前記ケース部材３６ａには、ケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄが重力方向に配列して配置することができる。さらにまた、図１０に示すように、脱硫器１０では、ケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂが重力方向に配列され、且つ、ケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄが重力方向に配列されるとともに、これらを水平方向に配置することができる。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, in the desulfurizer 10, the case members 36a and 36b are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the case members 36c and 36d are arranged in the gravity direction on the case member 36a. Can do. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, in the desulfurizer 10, the case members 36a and 36b are arranged in the gravity direction, and the case members 36c and 36d are arranged in the gravity direction, and these are arranged in the horizontal direction. be able to.

また、図１１及び図１２に示すように、脱硫器１０では、同一の外形寸法を有する４個のケース部材３６ａ１、３６ａ２、３６ｂ１及び３６ｂ２を備えてもよい。図１１に示すように、脱硫器１０では、ケース部材３６ａ１、３６ａ２、３６ｂ１及び３６ｂ２は、重力方向に２個で且つ水平方向に２個ずつ配置されている。図１２に示すように、脱硫器１０では、重力方向に３個のケース部材３６ａ１、３６ｂ１及び３６ａ２が配置される一方、前記ケース部材３６ａ１には、ケース部材３６ｂ２が水平方向に配置されている。   As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the desulfurizer 10 may include four case members 36a1, 36a2, 36b1, and 36b2 having the same outer dimensions. As shown in FIG. 11, in the desulfurizer 10, two case members 36a1, 36a2, 36b1, and 36b2 are arranged in the gravity direction and two in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 12, in the desulfurizer 10, three case members 36a1, 36b1, and 36a2 are arranged in the direction of gravity, while the case member 36b2 is arranged in the horizontal direction on the case member 36a1.

このため、本実施形態では、脱硫器１０のレイアウトの自由度が良好に向上し、特に縦長な燃料電池システム１２の筐体１４内の狭小なスペースにも、確実に収容することが可能になるという効果が得られる。   For this reason, in this embodiment, the freedom degree of the layout of the desulfurizer 10 is improved satisfactorily, and it can be surely accommodated even in a narrow space in the casing 14 of the vertically long fuel cell system 12. The effect is obtained.

さらに、図１に示すように、脱硫器１０は、メンテナンスが不要であり、メンテナンス面である開閉扉１６から離間した位置に配置されている。従って、メンテナンス等の必要性が高い部品を優先的に開閉扉１６の近傍に設置することが可能になる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the desulfurizer 10 does not require maintenance and is disposed at a position separated from the open / close door 16 that is a maintenance surface. Accordingly, it is possible to preferentially install a part requiring high maintenance or the like in the vicinity of the open / close door 16.

さらにまた、ケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄは、直方体形状を有している。これにより、ケース部材３６ａ〜３６ｄ同士を重力方向及び水平方向に密着して配置させることができ、レイアウトの自由度が有効に向上する。   Furthermore, the case members 36a to 36d have a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Accordingly, the case members 36a to 36d can be arranged in close contact with each other in the gravitational direction and the horizontal direction, and the degree of freedom in layout is effectively improved.

また、脱硫器１０では、図６に示すように、ケース部材３６ａの内部には、ケース内上面３６ａｕから重力方向下方に延在し、下端部とケース内下面３６ａｄとの間に隙間Ｓを形成する複数枚の仕切り板４８ａが配置されている。このため、ケース部材３６ａ内の脱硫流路長は、仕切り板４８ａがない場合に比べて長尺化され、脱硫剤を効率的に使用することが可能になる。   Further, in the desulfurizer 10, as shown in FIG. 6, a gap S is formed in the case member 36a so as to extend downward in the gravity direction from the case upper surface 36au and between the lower end portion and the case inner lower surface 36ad. A plurality of partition plates 48a are disposed. For this reason, the desulfurization flow path length in case member 36a is lengthened compared with the case where there is no partition plate 48a, and it becomes possible to use a desulfurization agent efficiently.

さらに、脱硫器１０では、少なくとも２種類の外形寸法の異なるケース部材３６ａ、３６ｂとケース部材３６ｃ、３６ｄとを備えている。従って、脱硫器１０のレイアウトの自由度が一層向上し、他の部品の隙間等に容易に設置することができる。   Further, the desulfurizer 10 includes at least two types of case members 36a and 36b and case members 36c and 36d having different external dimensions. Therefore, the degree of freedom in the layout of the desulfurizer 10 is further improved and can be easily installed in the gaps of other components.

１０…脱硫器 １２…燃料電池システム
１４…筐体 １６…開閉扉
１８…裏面 ２０…燃料電池モジュール
２２…純粋タンク ２４…イオン交換装置
２６…純水ポンプ ２８…燃料ポンプ
３０…燃料圧力スイッチ ３２…ブレーカ
３４…外部配管 ３６ａ〜３６ｄ…ケース部材
４０ａ〜４０ｄ、４２ａ〜４２ｄ…連通口
４４ａ…原燃料供給口 ４４ｂ…原燃料排出口
４６ａ〜４６ｃ…連結配管 ４８ａ〜４８ｄ…仕切り板 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Desulfurizer 12 ... Fuel cell system 14 ... Housing 16 ... Opening / closing door 18 ... Back surface 20 ... Fuel cell module 22 ... Pure tank 24 ... Ion exchange device 26 ... Pure water pump 28 ... Fuel pump 30 ... Fuel pressure switch 32 ... Breaker 34 ... External piping 36a to 36d ... Case members 40a to 40d, 42a to 42d ... Communication port 44a ... Raw fuel supply port 44b ... Raw fuel discharge port 46a to 46c ... Connection piping 48a to 48d ... Partition plate

Claims (5)

燃料に含まれる硫黄成分を除去するための脱硫器であって、
脱硫剤が充填される複数個のケース部材を備え、
各ケース部材は、前記燃料の出入りを許容する２つの連通口を有し、
少なくとも重力方向又は水平方向に、それぞれ任意の個数の前記ケース部材が配列されるとともに、
１つの前記ケース部材の１つの前記連通口は、前記燃料を脱硫器に導入する燃料供給口を構成する一方、他の１つの前記ケース部材の１つの前記連通口は、脱硫後の前記燃料を該脱硫器から導出する燃料排出口を構成し、
前記燃料供給口及び前記燃料排出口以外の前記連通口は、互いに異なる前記ケース部材の前記連通口同士が連結通路により連通されることにより、全ての前記ケース部材が、燃料流れ方向に沿って直列に連結されることを特徴とする脱硫器。 A desulfurizer for removing sulfur components contained in fuel,
A plurality of case members filled with a desulfurization agent;
Each case member has two communication ports that allow the fuel to enter and exit,
Arbitrary number of the case members are arranged at least in the gravitational direction or in the horizontal direction,
One communication port of one case member constitutes a fuel supply port for introducing the fuel into the desulfurizer, while one communication port of the other one case member supplies the fuel after desulfurization. Constituting a fuel outlet leading out from the desulfurizer;
The communication ports other than the fuel supply port and the fuel discharge port are configured such that all the case members are connected in series along the fuel flow direction by connecting the communication ports of the case members different from each other through a connection passage. A desulfurizer characterized in that it is connected to a desulfurizer. 請求項１記載の脱硫器において、前記ケース部材は、直方体形状を有することを特徴とする脱硫器。   2. The desulfurizer according to claim 1, wherein the case member has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. 請求項１又は２記載の脱硫器において、前記ケース部材の内部には、ケース内上面から重力方向下方に延在し、下端部とケース内下面との間に隙間を形成する複数枚の仕切り板が配置されることを特徴とする脱硫器。   3. The desulfurizer according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of partition plates are formed in the case member so as to extend downward from the upper surface in the case in the direction of gravity and to form a gap between the lower end and the lower surface in the case. Is a desulfurizer characterized by that. 請求項１〜３のいずれか１項に記載の脱硫器において、少なくとも２種類の外形寸法の異なる前記ケース部材を備えることを特徴とする脱硫器。   The desulfurizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising at least two types of the case members having different external dimensions. 請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の脱硫器を組み込む燃料電池システムであって、
前記脱硫器、燃料電池モジュール及び補機類を収容する筐体を備え、
前記筐体は、いずれか１面のみが開閉可能な開閉扉であり、
前記脱硫器は、前記開閉扉とは反対側の面に隣接して配置されることを特徴とする燃料電池システム。 A fuel cell system incorporating the desulfurizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A housing for housing the desulfurizer, fuel cell module, and auxiliary equipment;
The housing is an openable / closable door that can be opened and closed only on one of the surfaces,
The fuel cell system, wherein the desulfurizer is disposed adjacent to a surface opposite to the door.
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