JP2016135976A - Shovel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shovel capable of suppressing breakage of a cover attached to a house frame.SOLUTION: A shovel having a side cover (protrusion D2a) attached to a house frame 7b includes: a stepped washer 52 having a flange 52a for restricting displacement of the side cover (protrusion D2a) in an attachment direction to the house frame 7b when the side cover (protrusion D2a) is attached to the house frame 7b, and a spacer 52b for defining a gap G1 between the house frame 7b and the flange 52a when the side cover (protrusion D2a) is attached to the house frame 7b; and a bolt 50 and a nut 55 for fastening the stepped washer 52 to the house frame 7b in a state that the side cover D2 (protrusion D2a) is arranged in the gap G1. The gap G1 is larger than a thickness T1 of the side cover (protrusion D2a) by a predetermined gap.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavator having a cover attached to a house frame.

  An excavator having a house frame that supports a heavy object on a revolving frame and a side cover attached to the house frame is known (see Patent Document 1). The side cover is fastened and fixed to each of the two house frames using two bolts.

JP 2006-2389 A

  However, since the side cover is fastened and fixed to the house frame with bolts, when the house frame swings, the swing cannot be absorbed, and a crack may occur at the fastening portion.

  In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an excavator that can prevent damage to a cover attached to a house frame.

  The shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention is a shovel having a cover attached to a house frame, and the displacement of the cover with respect to the house frame in the attaching direction of the cover when the cover is attached to the house frame. A displacement restricting portion that restricts the position, a member to be fastened having an interval setting portion that defines an interval between the house frame and the displacement restricting portion when the cover is attached to the house frame, and the cover within the interval A fastening member that fastens the fastened member to the house frame in a state where the cover is attached to the house frame, and the distance is a thickness of the cover in the attachment direction when the cover is attached to the house frame. Larger than the predetermined interval.

  By the above-mentioned means, a shovel capable of suppressing breakage of the cover attached to the house frame is provided.

It is a right view of the shovel by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a right view of an upper swing body. It is the front view, perspective view, and top view of a side cover. It is detail drawing of the fastening structure in the lower part of a side cover. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the attachment structure in the left side part of a side cover. It is sectional drawing of the attachment structure of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another structural example of the attachment structure in the left side part of a side cover. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of a structure of the attachment structure in the left side part of a side cover.

  FIG. 1 is a right side view of an excavator as an example of a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator includes a lower traveling body 1, an upper swing body 2, a cabin 3, a boom 4, an arm 5, and a bucket 6. The upper swing body 2 is mounted on the lower traveling body 1 via the swing mechanism. A cabin 3 having a driver's seat inside is disposed at the left front portion of the upper swing body 2. One end of the boom 4 is rotatably attached to the center of the front part of the upper swing body 2. The arm 5 is pivotally attached to the tip of the boom 4. The bucket 6 is rotatably attached to the tip of the arm 5.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the structure of the shovel provided with a side cover is demonstrated. 2 is a right side view of the upper swing body 2, FIG. 2 (A) shows a state in which the side cover D1 and the side cover D2 are mounted, and FIG. 2 (B) shows that the side cover D1 and the side cover D2 are removed. Indicates the status. In this specification, the direction in which the boom 4 is attached as viewed from the center of the upper swing body 2 is defined as the front, and the opposite side is defined as the rear. Further, when looking forward at the center of the upper swing body 2, the left hand side is defined as the left side, and the right hand side is defined as the right side. 2 shows a state in which the boom 4 is removed for convenience of illustration.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a pump chamber 7 whose side is covered with an openable / closable side cover D <b> 1 is formed behind the upper swing body 2. The pump chamber 7 is a space mainly defined by the house frames 7a and 7b, the partition plate 7c, and the top plate 7d. In the pump chamber 7, an engine (not shown), a hydraulic pump (not shown), and the like are provided. Be contained. The upper part of the pump chamber 7 is covered with an engine hood 7t. The house frames 7a and 7b support heavy objects such as a selective catalyst reduction device 7e mounted on the partition plate 7c, an engine hood 7t mounted on the top plate 7d, and an air cleaner.

  In front of the pump chamber 7, a tank chamber 10 is formed whose side is covered with a side cover D2 that cannot be opened and closed. The tank chamber 10 houses a hydraulic oil tank 19S that stores hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, and a fuel tank 19F that stores fuel supplied to the engine. Top plates 10a and 10b are installed on the hydraulic oil tank 19S and the fuel tank 19F. This is because the worker can work on the top plates 10a and 10b.

  In front of the fuel tank 19F, there is formed a staircase storage chamber whose side is covered by a side cover (staircase storage chamber cover) D3 that cannot be opened and closed. The side cover D2 is disposed adjacent to the side cover (stepped storage room cover) D3. In the lower stairs storage chamber, a tool box having a processing agent tank 19R for storing a processing agent (for example, urea water as a reducing agent) for processing exhaust gas from the engine, and a space SP1 in which work tools and the like can be stored. Is installed. A treatment agent tank cover 40a is installed on the treatment agent tank 19R so as to be openable and closable. When the processing agent tank cover 40a is closed, the upper portion of the processing agent tank 19R is covered with the processing agent tank cover 40a, and when the processing agent tank cover 40a is opened, the upper portion is exposed. Further, the upper surface of the treatment agent tank cover 40a is provided with a step and partially lowered as shown in FIG. This level | step difference comprises a part of staircase used when an operator climbs to the upper turning body 2. FIG. The upper surface of the tool box is also used as a part of the stairs used when the worker climbs on the upper swing body 2.

  In front of the tool box, a step 23 is provided as a footrest used as a part of the stairs used when the worker climbs the upper swing body 2. Step 23 is attached to the swivel frame 2a in front of the tool box.

  As described above, the upper surface of the step 23, the upper surface of the tool box, the upper surface of the processing agent tank cover 40a, and the upper surface of the top plate 10b form the stairs used when the worker climbs the upper swing body 2.

  Next, a structure for attaching the side cover D2 to the upper swing body 2 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A shows a front view of the side cover D2 attached to the house frame 7b and the fuel tank 19F. FIG. 3B shows a perspective view of the side cover D2 attached to the house frame 7b and the fuel tank 19F when viewed from the upper right side. FIG. 3C is a top view of the side cover D2 attached to the house frame 7b and the fuel tank 19F.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the side cover D2 has projecting edge portions D2a, D2b, and D2c on the left side portion, the lower portion, and the right side portion, respectively.

  The projecting edge portion D2a is used when the left side portion of the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b using the attachment structures F1 and F2. In the present embodiment, the projecting edge portion D2a is a flat plate member fixed to the left side portion of the side cover D2 by bolt fastening, and has fastening holes corresponding to the mounting structures F1 and F2. The projecting edge portion D2a may be formed integrally with the side cover D2, or may be fixed to the left side portion of the side cover D2 by welding.

  The protruding portion D2b is used when the lower portion of the side cover D2 is attached to the revolving frame 2a using the fastening structures F3 and F4. In the present embodiment, the projecting edge portion D2b is a flat plate member fixed to the lower portion of the side cover D2 by bolt fastening, and has fastening holes corresponding to the fastening structures F3 and F4. The projecting edge portion D2b may be formed integrally with the side cover D2, or may be fixed to the lower portion of the side cover D2 by welding.

  The projecting edge portion D2c is used when the right side portion of the side cover D2 is attached to the fuel tank 19F using the fastening structure F5. In the present embodiment, the projecting edge portion D2c is a flat plate member fixed to the right side portion of the side cover D2 by bolt fastening, and has a fastening hole corresponding to the fastening structure F5. The projecting edge portion D2c may be formed integrally with the side cover D2, or may be fixed to the right side portion of the side cover D2 by welding. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3C, the projecting edge portion D2c is an L-shaped member that is bolted to the side cover D2, and is an L-shaped member that is bolted to the fuel tank 19F. The bolt is fastened together with the stay 19Fa.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the structure for attaching the lower part of the side cover D2 to the turning frame 2a will be described. FIG. 4A is a perspective view of the side cover D2 fastened and fixed to the revolving frame 2a as viewed from the inside (the excavator body side). FIG. 4B is a side view of the side cover D2 fastened and fixed to the turning frame 2a. FIG. 4C is an enlarged view of the dotted rectangular region R1 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lower part of the side cover D2 is attached to the revolving frame 2a via the protruding edge D2b. Specifically, the projecting edge portion D2b is bolted to the stay 2a2, which is an L-shaped member welded to the forming material 2a1 of the revolving frame 2a, using the fastening structures F3 and F4.

  Next, with reference to FIG.5 and FIG.6, the attachment structure F1 for attaching the left side part of the side cover D2 to the house frame 7b is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the mounting structure F1. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the attachment structure F1 when the projecting edge portion D2a is attached to the house frame 7b. In addition, since the attachment structure F2 is the same as the attachment structure F1, the description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the attachment structure F <b> 1 mainly includes a bolt 50, a washer 51, a stepped washer 52, a first sliding member 53, a second sliding member 54, and a nut 55.

  The combination of the bolt 50 and the nut 55 is for fastening the stepped washer 52 as a member to be fastened to the house frame 7b at the fastening hole H1 formed in the projecting edge portion D2a and the fastening hole H2 formed in the house frame 7b. The fastening member is configured. In addition, as a fastening member, fastening means other than the combination of the bolt 50 and the nut 55 may be employed.

  The stepped washer 52 as the member to be fastened is fastened to the house frame 7b by the fastening member. The stepped washer 52 includes a flange portion 52a and a spacer portion 52b. The flange portion 52a constitutes a displacement restricting portion that restricts the displacement of the side cover D2 relative to the house frame 7b in the attachment direction (X-axis direction) of the side cover D2 when the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b. The spacer portion 52b constitutes an interval setting portion that determines an interval G1 between the house frame 7b and the flange portion 52a when the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b.

  The gap G1, which is the length under the neck of the spacer 52b, is set to be larger by a predetermined thickness than the thickness T1 of the protruding edge D2a of the side cover D2. This is to prevent the projecting edge D2a from being fastened and fixed between the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54 when the stepped washer 52 is fastened to the house frame 7b. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the gap G1 is set to be larger by the gap G2 than the total thickness of the thickness T1 of the protruding portion D2a, the thickness of the first sliding member 53, and the thickness of the second sliding member 54. Is set. The interval G2 is 1.1 mm, for example.

  The first sliding member 53 is disposed between the flange portion 52a and the projecting edge portion D2a of the stepped washer 52. And the sliding in the YZ plane of the stepped washer 52 with respect to the protruding edge part D2a is promoted. The second sliding member 54 is disposed between the house frame 7b and the projecting edge portion D2a. And the sliding in the YZ plane of the house frame 7b with respect to the protrusion part D2a is accelerated | stimulated. Thus, the 1st sliding member 53 and the 2nd sliding member 54 are arrange | positioned so that the protrusion edge part D2a of the side cover D2 may be inserted | pinched. Further, the gap G2 prevents the protruding portion D2a from being fastened and fixed between the flange portion 52a of the stepped washer 52 and the house frame 7b, whereby the stepped washer 52 and the house frame 7b with respect to the protruding portion D2a. So that sliding in the YZ plane is not hindered.

  A polymer material is employed as the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54. It is because it is excellent in abrasion resistance, slidability, weather resistance, and hardness. Specifically, resin materials such as PET and acrylic, rubber materials such as EPDM, and the like are employed. Desirably, a resin material is employed. This is because the effects of aging, wear, etc. are less than rubber materials. Moreover, a metal material may be adopted.

  With this configuration, the mounting structure F1 includes the bolt 50, the washer 51, the stepped washer 52, and the nut 55 that are fastened to the house frame 7b when the house frame 7b swings in the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction. Slide with 7b. On the other hand, the mounting structure F1 is used until the outer peripheral wall of the stepped washer 52 contacts the inner peripheral wall of the fastening hole H1 even when the stepped washer 52 swings in the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction. This prevents the swing of the stepped washer 52 from being transmitted to the projecting edge D2a. This is to prevent the swing of the house frame 7b from being transmitted to the side cover D2.

  In this way, the bolt 50, washer 51, stepped washer 52, and nut 55 do not swing the side cover D2, and only the difference between the outer diameter of the stepped washer 52 and the inner diameter of the fastening hole H1 in the XY plane. It can slide together with the house frame 7b. As a result, even when the house frame 7b swings in the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, the side cover D2 is prevented from being pulled by the swing of the house frame 7b, and the side cover D2 remains stationary. It can be.

  The mounting structure F1 swings the projecting edge portion D2a together with the bolt 50, the washer 51, the stepped washer 52, and the nut 55 fastened to the house frame 7b when the house frame 7b swings in the X-axis direction. However, as compared with the swinging magnitude of the house frame 7b, the swinging magnitude of the projecting edge portion D2a can be reduced by the distance G2.

  In addition, the presence of the first sliding member 53 can prevent generation of scratches and metal touch sounds due to contact between the protruding edge portion D2a and the flange portion 52a of the stepped washer 52. Similarly, the presence of the second sliding member 54 can prevent generation of scratches and metal touch sounds due to contact between the protruding edge portion D2a and the house frame 7b. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of rattling sound, chattering sound, etc. can be prevented by making the magnitude | size of the space | interval G2 minimum.

  The left side of the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b by the attachment structures F1 and F2. The lower part of the side cover D2 is fastened and fixed to the revolving frame 2a by the fastening structures F3 and F4. The right side portion is fastened and fixed to the fuel tank 19F by F5. Therefore, the side cover D2 does not swing along the YZ plane with respect to the upper swing body 2, and only the left side portion thereof is swingable with respect to the upper swing body 2 in the X-axis direction. Therefore, even when the house frame 7b swings, when the mounting structures F1 and F2 can absorb the swing of the house frame 7b, the side cover D2 remains stationary without causing excessive stress at the protruding edge D2a. Can be maintained. Further, even when the house frame 7b swings in the X-axis direction beyond the size that the mounting structures F1 and F2 can absorb, the left side portion of the side cover D2 is the same as the lower and right side portions of the side cover D2. Compared with the case of being fastened and fixed to the house frame 7b, the stress generated at the protruding portion D2a can be reduced, and damage to the protruding portion D2a can be suppressed or prevented.

  Thus, the attachment structures F1 and F2 can suppress or prevent the swing of the house frame 7b that supports heavy objects such as the selective catalyst reduction device 7e, the engine hood 7t, and the air cleaner from being transmitted to the side cover D2. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the necessity of reinforcing the side cover D2 with respect to the swinging of the side cover D2 (for example, reinforcement by increasing the thickness). Further, it is possible to reduce the necessity of increasing the rigidity of the house frame 7b for suppressing the swing of the house frame 7b. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the entire upper swing body 2 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the mounting structures F1 and F2 only require the same arrangement and space as the case where the fastening structures such as the fastening structures F3 to F5 are adopted, the mounting structures F1 and F2 are greatly changed when the fastening structure is replaced with the mounting structure. No design changes are required.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Can be added.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the stepped washer 52 is employed as the member to be fastened, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the stepped washer 52 having the flange portion 52a and the spacer portion 52b may be composed of two members, a washer and a spacer.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the attachment structure F1 on the left side portion of the side cover D2, and corresponds to FIG. The mounting structure F1 of FIG. 7 is different from the mounting structure F1 of FIG. 6 in that it has two members, a washer 52A and a spacer 52B, instead of the stepped washer 52, and the second sliding member 54 is omitted. Is common in other respects. Therefore, description of common parts is omitted, and different parts are described in detail.

  The washer 52A constitutes a displacement limiting unit that limits the displacement of the side cover D2 relative to the house frame 7b in the mounting direction (X-axis direction) of the side cover D2 when the side cover D2 is mounted to the house frame 7b.

  The spacer 52B constitutes an interval setting portion that determines an interval G1 between the house frame 7b and the flange portion 52a when the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b.

  The interval G1 corresponding to the length of the spacer 52B is set to be larger than the thickness T1 of the protruding edge D2a of the side cover D2 by a predetermined thickness. When the combination of the washer 52A and the spacer 52B as the members to be fastened is fastened to the house frame 7b, the protruding edge portion D2a is fastened and fixed between the first sliding member 53 and the house frame 7b to prevent it from moving. It is to do. Specifically, in this embodiment, the interval G1 is set to be larger by the interval G2 than the total thickness of the thickness T1 of the protruding portion D2a and the thickness of the first sliding member 53.

  With this configuration, the mounting structure F1 of FIG. 7 can realize the same functions and effects as the mounting structure F1 of FIG. 6 with a simpler component configuration than the mounting structure F1 of FIG. In this configuration, the second sliding member 54 is omitted, but the first sliding member 53 may be omitted instead of the second sliding member 54, and the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54 may be omitted. Both of the moving members 54 may be omitted. Similarly, in other embodiments, at least one of the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54 may be omitted.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54 are provided as independent members (resin washers) separate from the projecting edge portion D2a, but the present invention has this configuration. It is not limited. For example, the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54 may be replaced with a sliding layer such as a resin coating formed by depositing a resin around the fastening hole H1 in the protruding portion D2a. .

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the mounting structure F1 on the left side portion of the side cover D2, and corresponds to FIG. The mounting structure F1 of FIG. 8 includes a first sliding layer D2a1 and a second sliding layer D2a2 formed on the surface of the protruding edge portion D2a instead of the first sliding member 53 and the second sliding member 54. 6 is different from the mounting structure F1 of FIG. Therefore, description of common parts is omitted, and different parts are described in detail.

  The first sliding layer D2a1 is formed on the surface of the protruding edge portion D2a facing the flange portion 52a of the stepped washer 52. And the sliding in the YZ plane of the stepped washer 52 with respect to the protruding edge part D2a is promoted. The second sliding layer D2a2 is formed on the surface of the protruding edge portion D2a facing the house frame 7b. And the sliding in the YZ plane of the house frame 7b with respect to the protrusion part D2a is accelerated | stimulated. Further, the gap G2 prevents the protruding portion D2a from being fastened and fixed between the flange portion 52a of the stepped washer 52 and the house frame 7b, whereby the stepped washer 52 and the house frame 7b with respect to the protruding portion D2a. So that sliding in the YZ plane is not hindered.

  The first sliding layer D2a1 and the second sliding layer D2a2 are formed of a polymer material. It is because it is excellent in abrasion resistance, slidability, weather resistance, and hardness. Specifically, resin materials such as PET and acrylic, and rubber materials such as EPDM are employed. Desirably, a resin material is employed. This is because the effects of aging, wear, etc. are less than rubber materials. Moreover, a metal material may be adopted.

  With this configuration, the mounting structure F1 of FIG. 8 can realize the same functions and effects as the mounting structure F1 of FIG. 6 with a smaller number of parts than the mounting structure F1 of FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment, the protruding edge D2a on the left side of the side cover D2 is attached to the house frame 7b using the two attachment structures F1 and F2. However, the protruding portion D2a may be attached to the house frame 7b using one attachment structure, or may be attached to the house frame 7b using three or more attachment structures.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the protruding edge portion D2c on the right side portion of the side cover D2 is fastened and fixed to the fuel tank 19F using the fastening structure F5. However, the projecting edge portion D2c may be attached to the fuel tank 19F using an attachment structure similar to the attachment structure F1.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lower traveling body 2 ... Upper turning body 2a ... Turning frame 2a1 ... Forming material 2a2 ... Stay 3 ... Cabin 4 ... Boom 5 ... Arm 6 ... Bucket 7 ... Pump chamber 7a, 7b ... House frame 7c ... Partition plate 7d ... Top plate 7e ... Selective catalytic reduction device 7t ... Engine hood 10 ... Tank chamber 10a, 10b ... 19F ... Fuel tank 19Fa ... Stay 19R ... Treatment agent tank 19S ... Hydraulic oil tank 23 ... Step 40 ... Treatment agent tank cover 50 ... Bolt 51 ..Washer 52 ... Stepped washer 52a ... Flange portion 52b ... Spacer portion 52A ... Spacer 52B ... Washer 53 ... First slide Material 54 ... 2nd sliding member 55 ... Nut D1-D3 ... Side cover D2a-D2c ... Projection edge part F1, F2 ... Mounting structure F3-F5 ... Fastening structure H1, H2 ... Fastening hole SP1 ... Space

Claims (7)

An excavator having a cover attached to a house frame,
A displacement limiting portion for restricting displacement of the cover relative to the house frame in the mounting direction of the cover when the cover is attached to the house frame; and the house frame when the cover is attached to the house frame And a to-be-fastened member having an interval setting part for determining an interval between the displacement limiting part
A fastening member that fastens the fastened member to the house frame in a state where the cover is disposed within the interval;
The interval is larger by a predetermined interval than the thickness of the cover in the attaching direction when the cover is attached to the house frame.
Excavator. A sliding member disposed within the interval;
The interval is larger by a predetermined interval than the sum of the thickness of the cover and the thickness of the sliding member in the attaching direction when the cover is attached to the house frame.
The excavator according to claim 1. The sliding member is disposed between the house frame and the cover, and at least one of the cover and the displacement limiting portion.
The shovel according to claim 2. There are at least two sliding members, and sandwich the cover.
The excavator according to claim 3. A part of the cover is fixed to a swivel frame of the excavator;
The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 4. At least one of an engine hood, a selective catalyst reduction device, and an air cleaner is mounted on the upper part of the house frame.
The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The cover is adjacent to the storage room cover under the stairs,
The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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