JP2016130638A - Method for evaluating hydrogen embrittlement characteristics - Google Patents
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、水素脆化特性評価方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for evaluating hydrogen embrittlement characteristics.
鋼材は水素を含むと延性が失われ、強度が著しく低下する。この現象は水素脆化と呼ばれている。 When steel contains hydrogen, the ductility is lost and the strength is significantly reduced. This phenomenon is called hydrogen embrittlement.
従来、高力ボルトの水素脆化の試験結果から、高力ボルトのねじ（切欠き）部分において水素侵入が顕著であり、切欠き形状が鋭角であるほど局所的な水素侵入量は大きくなることが知られている。また、腐食反応等により切欠き部分の角度が鈍化すると元の形状に比べて局所的な水素侵入量が小さくなることが知られている。 Conventionally, from the hydrogen embrittlement test results of high-strength bolts, hydrogen penetration is noticeable in the thread (notch) part of high-strength bolts, and the sharper the notch shape, the greater the amount of local hydrogen penetration. It has been known. In addition, it is known that when the angle of the notched portion becomes dull due to a corrosion reaction or the like, the local hydrogen penetration amount becomes smaller than the original shape.
ＰＣ（プレストレストコンクリート）に用いられる鉄筋（以下、ＰＣ鉄筋と略す）の水素脆化特性の評価では、酸性溶液中での腐食反応により試験片に水素をチャージし、この試験片に荷重をかけ、荷重をかけてから破断するまでの時間を測定する。ＰＣ鉄筋は、一般的に丸棒状のものが多く、局所的に水素が侵入し凝集されるような部位はない。したがって、ＰＣ鉄筋の場合、前記した高力ボルトのように材料が腐食されても、評価結果に影響を及ぼさない。このことから、上記のような鉄筋を腐食させる溶液中を用いた水素脆化特性の評価であっても、製品として使用される前、すなわち新品材料の水素脆化特性の評価方法としては、充分な方法であると言える。 In the evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement characteristics of rebars (hereinafter abbreviated as PC rebars) used in PC (prestressed concrete), hydrogen is charged to the test piece by a corrosion reaction in an acidic solution, and a load is applied to the test piece. Measure the time from applying a load to breaking. PC rebars are generally round rods, and there are no sites where hydrogen penetrates locally and aggregates. Therefore, in the case of PC rebar, even if the material is corroded like the high-strength bolt described above, the evaluation result is not affected. Therefore, even when evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement characteristics using a solution that corrodes the reinforcing bar as described above, it is sufficient as a method for evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement characteristics of a new material before it is used as a product. It can be said that it is a simple method.
しかし、ＰＣ構造物の製造時のコンクリートを流し込む工程において、コンクリートに含まれる骨材により鉄筋に損傷が発生することがある。ここでコンクリート中の雰囲気は中性またはアルカリ性であるため、鉄筋の腐食反応は抑制され、鉄筋に形成された損傷の形状は変化せず、損傷として形成された切欠き部の水素侵入量は大きくなると考えられる。 However, in the process of pouring the concrete at the time of manufacturing the PC structure, the reinforcing bars may be damaged by the aggregate contained in the concrete. Here, since the atmosphere in the concrete is neutral or alkaline, the corrosion reaction of the reinforcing bar is suppressed, the shape of the damage formed in the reinforcing bar does not change, and the amount of hydrogen intrusion at the notch formed as damage is large. It is considered to be.
しかし、従来のＰＣ鉄筋等、鉄筋コンクリート構造物に用いられる鉄筋の水素脆化特性の評価では、鉄筋コンクリート構造物の製造工程における鉄筋の損傷を考慮しておらず、実際の使用環境下での水素脆化特性の評価を行うことはできなかった。そこで、本発明は、前記した問題を解決し、鉄筋コンクリート構造物の製造工程における鉄筋の損傷を考慮した水素脆化特性を行うことを課題とする。 However, the evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement characteristics of rebars used in reinforced concrete structures such as conventional PC rebars does not consider the damage of rebars in the manufacturing process of reinforced concrete structures, and hydrogen embrittlement in the actual usage environment. It was not possible to evaluate the chemical properties. Then, this invention makes it a subject to solve the above-mentioned problem and to perform the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic which considered the damage of the reinforcement in the manufacturing process of a reinforced concrete structure.
前記した課題を解決するため、本発明は、鉄筋コンクリート構造物から鉄筋を取り出すステップと、前記鉄筋を中性またはアルカリ性の溶液に浸漬するステップと、前記溶液に浸漬させた鉄筋に電気化学的に水素をチャージし、力学的な負荷を加えて試験を行うステップと、を含んだことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention includes a step of taking out a reinforcing bar from a reinforced concrete structure, a step of immersing the reinforcing bar in a neutral or alkaline solution, and electrochemical hydrogenation in the reinforcing bar immersed in the solution. Charging, and applying a mechanical load to perform the test.
本発明によれば、鉄筋コンクリート構造物の製造工程における鉄筋の損傷を考慮した水素脆化特性を行うことができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic which considered the damage of the reinforcing bar in the manufacturing process of a reinforced concrete structure can be performed.
以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明を実施するための形態（実施形態）について説明する。なお、本発明は本実施形態に限定されない。 Hereinafter, embodiments (embodiments) for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
（実施形態）
本実施形態の水素脆化特性評価方法の手順を、図１を用いて説明する。まず、評価者は、製品化した鉄筋コンクリート構造物（例えば、ＰＣ構造物）のコンクリートを、ハンマー等を用いて粉砕し、鉄筋コンクリート構造物から鉄筋を取り出す（Ｓ１）。次に、評価者は、取り出した鉄筋を溶液に浸漬させる（Ｓ２）。この溶液は、鉄筋が腐食しない溶液であり、例えば、中性やアルカリ性水溶液である。その後、評価者は、溶液内の鉄筋の電位を制御することにより、電気化学的に鉄筋に水素をチャージし、鉄筋に力学的な負荷を加えて破断試験を行う（Ｓ３）。なお、鉄筋の力学的な負荷は予め適宜決めればよいが、例えば、鉄筋に所定の荷重をかければよく、そのときの荷重は実設備の負荷（鉄筋の引張強度に対して応力比０．７程度）を基準に決定すればよい。また、破断試験は、鉄筋への水素のチャージをした後で行ってもよいし、水素のチャージをしながら行ってもよい。
(Embodiment)
The procedure of the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic evaluation method of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the evaluator pulverizes a commercial reinforced concrete structure (for example, PC structure) concrete using a hammer or the like, and takes out the reinforcing bar from the reinforced concrete structure (S1). Next, the evaluator immerses the extracted reinforcing bars in the solution (S2). This solution is a solution in which the reinforcing bars do not corrode, and is, for example, a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution. Thereafter, the evaluator controls the potential of the reinforcing bar in the solution to electrochemically charge the reinforcing bar with hydrogen, and applies a mechanical load to the reinforcing bar to perform a fracture test (S3). It should be noted that the mechanical load of the reinforcing bar may be appropriately determined in advance. For example, a predetermined load may be applied to the reinforcing bar. Degree). Further, the fracture test may be performed after charging the reinforcing bars with hydrogen or while charging the hydrogen.
このようにすることで、鉄筋コンクリート構造物の製造工程において鉄筋に生じる損傷が及ぼす鉄筋の水素脆化特性への影響を定量的に評価することできる。その結果、鉄筋コンクリート構造物に用いる材料を適切に選定することができる。 By doing in this way, the influence on the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic of the reinforcement which the damage which arises in a reinforcement in the manufacturing process of a reinforced concrete structure exerts can be evaluated quantitatively. As a result, the material used for the reinforced concrete structure can be appropriately selected.
（実験結果）
次に、本実施形態の水素脆化特性評価方法による実験結果を説明する。鉄筋は、組織の違いにより硬さの異なる鉄筋Ａ，Ｂそれぞれについて、鉄筋Ａは引張強度σＢ＝１４５０ＭＰａ、φ＝９ｍｍ、鉄筋Ｂは引張強度σＢ＝１６２０ＭＰａ、φ＝７ｍｍの新品丸棒鉄筋と、ＰＣ構造物から取り出した鉄筋（新品丸棒鉄筋と同じ鋼種）とを用いた。鉄筋の長さはそれぞれ全長４５ｃｍ、鉄筋のうち溶液に浸漬される部位の長さは３ｃｍとした。
(Experimental result)
Next, experimental results by the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic evaluation method of this embodiment will be described. Reinforcing bars are reinforcing bars A and B having different hardness depending on the structure. Reinforcing bar A has a tensile strength σB = 1450 MPa and φ = 9 mm, and reinforcing bar B has a new round bar reinforcing bar with tensile strengths σB = 1620 MPa and φ = 7 mm. A rebar taken out from the PC structure (the same steel type as a new round bar rebar) was used. The length of each reinforcing bar was 45 cm, and the length of the part of the reinforcing bar immersed in the solution was 3 cm.
図２に評価試験装置の模式図を示す。この評価試験装置により、鉄筋（試験片５）を容器１内の溶液に浸漬させ、試験片５を作用極とし、ポテンショスタット２、参照極３および対極４を用いて水素のチャージを行った。そして、試験片５に水素のチャージをした状態で、おもり６等により引張方向に負荷をかけた。
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the evaluation test apparatus. With this evaluation test apparatus, the reinforcing bar (test piece 5) was immersed in the solution in the
容器１内の溶液は、１ｗｔ％ＮＨ４ＳＣＮを添加した１Ｍ ＮａＨＣＯ３水溶液（ｐＨ８．３）を用いた。また、参照極３として銀塩化銀電極(ＳＳＥ)を用い、対極４として白金線を用いた。電位は、ポテンショスタット２により、−１０００ｍＶｖｓ．ＳＳＥに制御した。このような環境下で、試験片５の表面に水素を発生させ、試験片５に水素をチャージした。そして、この水素がチャージされた試験片５への荷重は引張強度に対する荷重（応力比）０．５５〜０．９とした。そして、この試験片５への荷重（応力）を０．５５から０．０５ずつ増やし、各応力条件について３回ずつ試験を実施し、３回すべてで試験時間２００ｈを越えて破断しない荷重を調べた。
The solution in the
図３に、上記の条件での実験結果を示す。図３に示すグラフの横軸は鉄筋の破断時間、縦軸は応力比を示す。グラフ上のプロットは破断した時の結果である。鉄筋Ａでは新品丸棒鉄筋は０．８５σＢ、ＰＣ構造物から取り出した鉄筋は０．５５σＢまで破断しなかったのに対して、鉄筋Ｂでは新品丸棒鉄筋、ＰＣ構造物から取り出し鉄筋ともに０．８σＢまで破断しなかった。 FIG. 3 shows the experimental results under the above conditions. The horizontal axis of the graph shown in FIG. 3 represents the breaking time of the reinforcing bars, and the vertical axis represents the stress ratio. The plot on the graph is the result when it breaks. In rebar A, the new round bar rebar was 0.85σB, and the rebar taken out from the PC structure did not break down to 0.55σB, whereas in rebar B, both the new round bar rebar and the PC structure taken out from the PC structure were 0. It did not break to 8σB.
この結果は、鉄筋Ａでは製造工程において生じた損傷が鉄筋の水素脆化特性を低下させることを示している。これに対して、鉄筋Ｂでは製造工程における損傷の程度が鉄筋Ａに比べて小さく、新品丸棒鉄筋と比べても水素脆化特性に大きな違いが見られなかったと推測される。 This result shows that in the reinforcing bar A, the damage caused in the manufacturing process reduces the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic of the reinforcing bar. On the other hand, it is presumed that in the reinforcing bar B, the degree of damage in the manufacturing process is smaller than that of the reinforcing bar A, and the hydrogen embrittlement characteristics were not significantly different from those of the new round bar reinforcing bar.
また、本実施形態の水素脆化特性評価方法を用いることで鉄筋コンクリート構造物における鉄筋の材料の違いによる損傷の程度の違いが水素脆化特性に及ぼす影響を定量的に評価することが可能であることを示している。 In addition, by using the hydrogen embrittlement characteristic evaluation method of the present embodiment, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the influence of the degree of damage on the hydrogen embrittlement characteristics due to the difference in the material of the reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete structure. It is shown that.
一方、従来の酸性溶液中で鉄筋の水素のチャージを行った場合、製造工程において生じた鉄筋の損傷は腐食反応により鈍化するため、このような明確な差は生じない。特に、比較的低い荷重で破断を起こすような鉄筋について、鉄筋の損傷の影響を反映した結果を得ることができない。 On the other hand, when the reinforcing bar is charged with hydrogen in a conventional acidic solution, the damage of the reinforcing bar generated in the manufacturing process is slowed down by the corrosion reaction, so that such a clear difference does not occur. In particular, for a reinforcing bar that breaks at a relatively low load, it is not possible to obtain a result reflecting the influence of the reinforcing bar damage.
なお、本発明は以上に説明した実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想内で、当分野において通常の知識を有する者により、多くの変形が実施可能であることは明白である。例えば、鉄筋コンクリート構造物からの鉄筋の取り出しを、コンクリートを流しこむ工程の後等、鉄筋コンクリート構造物の製造工程の途中で行ってもよい。また、鉄筋の力学的な負荷は引張試験により行ってもよく、この場合、破断したときの応力値や歪み量、破断したときの断面収縮率等を指標に評価すればよい。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and that many modifications can be implemented by those having ordinary knowledge in the art within the technical idea of the present invention. It is obvious. For example, you may perform extraction of the reinforcement from a reinforced concrete structure in the middle of the manufacturing process of a reinforced concrete structure, such as after the process of pouring concrete. Further, the mechanical load of the reinforcing bars may be performed by a tensile test. In this case, the stress value or strain amount at the time of fracture, the cross-sectional shrinkage rate at the time of fracture, and the like may be evaluated.
１ 容器
２ ポテンショスタット
３ 参照極
４ 対極
５ 試験片
1 container 2
Claims (3)
前記鉄筋を中性またはアルカリ性の溶液に浸漬するステップと、
前記溶液に浸漬させた鉄筋に電気化学的に水素をチャージし、力学的な負荷を加えて試験を行うステップと、
を含んだことを特徴とする水素脆化特性評価方法。 Removing the rebar from the reinforced concrete structure;
Immersing the rebar in a neutral or alkaline solution;
Electrochemically charging hydrogen to the rebar immersed in the solution and applying a mechanical load to perform the test;
A method for evaluating hydrogen embrittlement characteristics, comprising:
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| CN115931538A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-04-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for measuring influence degree of hydrogen on metal stress corrosion cracking in acidic environment |
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