JP2016126906A - Breaker and safety circuit including the same and secondary battery circuit - Google Patents

Breaker and safety circuit including the same and secondary battery circuit Download PDF

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JP2016126906A
JP2016126906A JP2014266591A JP2014266591A JP2016126906A JP 2016126906 A JP2016126906 A JP 2016126906A JP 2014266591 A JP2014266591 A JP 2014266591A JP 2014266591 A JP2014266591 A JP 2014266591A JP 2016126906 A JP2016126906 A JP 2016126906A
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breaker
piece
movable piece
contact
movable
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JP6457810B2 (en
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勝史 浪川
Katsufumi Namikawa
勝史 浪川
良 永見
Ryo Nagami
良 永見
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Komatsulite Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a breaker capable of enhancing safety of an electrical apparatus furthermore, by operating from electrification state to cut-off state, and resetting from cut-off state to electrification state at a desired temperature.SOLUTION: A breaker 1 includes a fixed piece 2 having a fixed contact 21, a movable piece 4 having an elastic part 43 deforming elastically and a movable contact 41 at the tip thereof, and pressing the movable contact 41 against the fixed contact 21 and bringing into contact therewith, and a thermally-actuated element 5 for actuating the movable piece 4 so as to separate the movable contact 41 from the fixed contact 21 by deforming as the temperature changes. The movable piece 4 is composed of a copper-titanium alloy material, and the elastic part 43 has an average length La, an average width Ba and an average thickness t satisfying equation (1). 2.3×10≤Ba×t)/La≤7.0×10(1)SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、電気機器の2次電池パック等に内蔵される小型のブレーカー等に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a small breaker or the like built in a secondary battery pack or the like of an electric device.

従来、各種電気機器の2次電池やモーター等の保護装置(安全回路)としてブレーカーが使用されている。ブレーカーは、充放電中の2次電池の温度が過度に上昇した場合、又は自動車、家電製品等の機器に装備されるモーター等に過電流が流れた場合等の異常が生じた際に、2次電池やモーター等を保護するために電流を遮断する。このような保護装置として用いられるブレーカーは、機器の安全を確保するために、温度変化に追従して正確に動作する(良好な温度特性を有する)ことと、通電時の抵抗値が安定していることが求められる。   Conventionally, a breaker is used as a protection device (safety circuit) for secondary batteries and motors of various electric devices. When the temperature of the secondary battery during charging / discharging rises excessively, or when an abnormality occurs such as when an overcurrent flows through a motor or the like equipped in a device such as an automobile or home appliance, Cut off current to protect secondary batteries and motors. Breakers used as such protective devices operate accurately following temperature changes (having good temperature characteristics) and have stable resistance when energized to ensure the safety of the equipment. It is required to be.

ブレーカーには、温度変化に応じて動作し、電流を導通又は遮断する熱応動素子が備えられている。特許文献1には、熱応動素子としてバイメタルを適用したブレーカーが示されている。バイメタルとは、熱膨張率の異なる2種類の板状の金属材料が積層されてなり、温度変化に応じて形状を変えることにより、接点の導通状態を制御する素子である。同文献に示されたブレーカーは、固定片、可動片、熱応動素子、PTCサーミスター等の部品が、ケースに収納されてなり、固定片及び可動片の端子が電気機器の電気回路に接続されて使用される。上記特許文献1に示されたブレーカーにおいて、固定片は、ケース本体(樹脂ベース)にインサート成形により組み込まれる(同文献の段落(0031)等参照)。   The breaker is provided with a thermally responsive element that operates according to a temperature change and conducts or cuts off a current. Patent Document 1 discloses a breaker to which a bimetal is applied as a thermally responsive element. Bimetal is an element that is formed by laminating two types of plate-like metal materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion, and controls the conduction state of the contact by changing the shape in accordance with a temperature change. The breaker shown in the same document is a case in which parts such as a fixed piece, a movable piece, a thermally responsive element, and a PTC thermistor are housed in a case, and terminals of the fixed piece and the movable piece are connected to an electric circuit of an electric device. Used. In the breaker disclosed in Patent Document 1, the fixed piece is incorporated into the case body (resin base) by insert molding (see paragraph (0031) and the like of the same document).

WO2011/105175号公報WO2011 / 105175 gazette

ブレーカーに要求される上記温度特性として、より具体的には、動作温度と復帰温度が挙げられる。動作温度とは、通電状態にあるブレーカーの熱応動素子が過熱によってスナップ変形し、電流を遮断すなわち保護装置としてのブレーカーが動作する温度である。復帰温度とは、遮断状態にあるブレーカーの熱応動素子が冷却によってもとの形状に戻り、ブレーカーが通電状態に復帰する温度である。電気機器の安全性をより一層高めるべく、温度特性に優れたブレーカーの開発が望まれている。   More specifically, the temperature characteristics required for the breaker include an operating temperature and a return temperature. The operating temperature is a temperature at which a breaker as a protective device operates by interrupting current, that is, when a thermally responsive element of a breaker in an energized state is snap-deformed by overheating. The return temperature is a temperature at which the thermally responsive element of the breaker in the cut-off state returns to its original shape by cooling, and the breaker returns to the energized state. In order to further increase the safety of electrical equipment, it is desired to develop a breaker with excellent temperature characteristics.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、所望の温度で通電状態から遮断状態へと動作し、さらには所望の温度で遮断状態から通電状態へと復帰し、電気機器の安全性をより一層高めることができるブレーカーを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and operates from a current-carrying state to a cut-off state at a desired temperature, and further returns from the cut-off state to a current-carrying state at a desired temperature. An object of the present invention is to provide a breaker that can further enhance safety.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は固定接点を有する固定片と、弾性変形する弾性部と該弾性部の先端部に可動接点とを有し、前記可動接点を前記固定接点に押圧して接触させる可動片と、温度変化に伴って変形することにより前記可動接点が前記固定接点から離隔するように前記可動片を作動させる熱応動素子とを備えたブレーカーにおいて、前記可動片は、銅−チタニウム合金材からなり、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする。
2.3×10-5≦ (Ba×t3)/La3 ≦ 7.0×10-5 (1)
ただし、
La:弾性部の平均長さ
Ba:弾性部の平均幅
t :弾性部の平均厚さ
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a fixed piece having a fixed contact, an elastic portion that is elastically deformed, and a movable contact at a tip of the elastic portion, and pressing the movable contact against the fixed contact. A breaker comprising: a movable piece to be contacted; and a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact by being deformed in accordance with a temperature change. It is made of a titanium alloy material and satisfies the following formula (1).
2.3 × 10 −5 ≦ (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 ≦ 7.0 × 10 −5 (1)
However,
La: Average length of elastic part Ba: Average width of elastic part t: Average thickness of elastic part

本発明に係る前記ブレーカーにおいて、下記式(2)(3)を満たすことが望ましい。
0.7 < La/Ld < 2.3 (2)
0.18 < Ba/Bd < 1 (3)
ただし、
Ld:熱応動素子の平均長さ
Bd:熱応動素子の平均幅
In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the following expressions (2) and (3) are satisfied.
0.7 <La / Ld <2.3 (2)
0.18 <Ba / Bd <1 (3)
However,
Ld: Average length of thermal actuator Bd: Average width of thermal actuator

本発明に係る前記ブレーカーにおいて、下記式(4)を満たすことが望ましい。
1.01 < Ld/Bd < 1.1 (4)
ただし、
Ld:熱応動素子の平均長さ
In the breaker according to the present invention, it is desirable to satisfy the following formula (4).
1.01 <Ld / Bd <1.1 (4)
However,
Ld: average length of the thermal actuator

本発明に係る前記ブレーカーにおいて、前記銅−チタニウム合金材は、94重量%以上の銅と、1〜5重量%のチタニウムとを含むことが望ましい。   In the breaker according to the present invention, it is preferable that the copper-titanium alloy material includes 94 wt% or more of copper and 1 to 5 wt% of titanium.

本発明の電気機器用の安全回路は、前記ブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする。   A safety circuit for an electric device according to the present invention includes the breaker.

本発明の2次電池回路は、前記ブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする。   The secondary battery circuit according to the present invention includes the breaker.

本発明のブレーカーによれば、可動片は、銅−チタニウム合金材からなる。このような可動片は、応力緩和特性に優れ、固定接点と可動接点との接触抵抗の安定及び動作温度、復帰温度の安定に寄与する。また、可動片は、上記式(1)を満たしているので、ブレーカーの動作温度及び復帰温度が所望の範囲内に留められ、電気機器の安全性をより一層高めることが可能となる。   According to the breaker of the present invention, the movable piece is made of a copper-titanium alloy material. Such a movable piece is excellent in stress relaxation characteristics and contributes to the stability of the contact resistance between the fixed contact and the movable contact and the stability of the operating temperature and the return temperature. Moreover, since the movable piece satisfies the above formula (1), the operating temperature and the return temperature of the breaker are kept within a desired range, and the safety of the electric device can be further enhanced.

本発明の一実施形態によるブレーカーの概略構成を示す組立て斜視図。The assembly perspective view showing the schematic structure of the breaker by one embodiment of the present invention. 通常の充電又は放電状態における上記ブレーカーを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the said breaker in a normal charge or discharge state. 過充電状態又は異常時などにおける上記ブレーカーを示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the said breaker in the overcharge state or the time of abnormality. (a)は上記ブレーカーの可動片の構成を示す斜視図、(b)は同平面図。(A) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the movable piece of the said breaker, (b) is the top view. (a)は上記ブレーカーの熱応動素子の構成を示す斜視図、(b)は同平面図。(A) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the thermally responsive element of the said breaker, (b) is the same top view. 本発明の上記ブレーカーを備えた2次電池パックの構成を示す平面図。The top view which shows the structure of the secondary battery pack provided with the said breaker of this invention. 本発明の上記ブレーカーを備えた安全回路の回路図。The circuit diagram of the safety circuit provided with the said breaker of this invention.

本発明の一実施形態によるブレーカーについて図面を参照して説明する。図1乃至図3は、ブレーカーの構成を示している。ブレーカー1は、固定接点21を有する固定片2と端子が形成されている端子片3と、先端部に可動接点41を有する可動片4と、温度変化に伴って変形する熱応動素子5と、PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient)サーミスター6と、固定片2、端子片3と、可動片4、熱応動素子5及びPTCサーミスター6を収容するケース7等によって構成されている。ケース7は、ケース本体(第1ケース)71とケース本体71の上面に装着される蓋部材(第2ケース)81等によって構成されている。   A breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show the configuration of the breaker. The breaker 1 includes a fixed piece 2 having a fixed contact 21, a terminal piece 3 on which a terminal is formed, a movable piece 4 having a movable contact 41 at the tip, a thermally responsive element 5 that deforms with a change in temperature, A PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) thermistor 6, a fixed piece 2, a terminal piece 3, a movable piece 4, a thermally responsive element 5, a case 7 for housing the PTC thermistor 6, and the like are included. The case 7 includes a case main body (first case) 71, a lid member (second case) 81 attached to the upper surface of the case main body 71, and the like.

固定片2は、例えば、銅等を主成分とする金属板(この他、銅−チタン合金、洋白、黄銅などの金属板)をプレス加工することにより形成され、ケース本体71にインサート成形により埋め込まれている。固定片2の一端には外部回路と電気的に接続される端子22が形成され、他端側には、PTCサーミスター6を支持する支持部23が形成されている。PTCサーミスター6は、固定片2の支持部23に3箇所形成された凸状の突起(ダボ)24の上に載置されて、突起24に支持される。   The fixed piece 2 is formed by, for example, pressing a metal plate mainly composed of copper or the like (in addition, a metal plate such as a copper-titanium alloy, white or brass), and insert-molding the case main body 71 by insert molding. Embedded. A terminal 22 electrically connected to an external circuit is formed at one end of the fixed piece 2, and a support portion 23 that supports the PTC thermistor 6 is formed at the other end side. The PTC thermistor 6 is placed on the convex protrusions (dowels) 24 formed on the support portion 23 of the fixed piece 2 and supported by the protrusions 24.

固定接点21は、銀、ニッケル、ニッケル−銀合金の他、銅−銀合金、金−銀合金などの導電性の良い材料のクラッド、メッキ又は塗布等により可動接点41に対向する位置に形成され、ケース本体71の内部に形成されている開口73aの一部から露出されている。端子22はケース本体71の端縁から外側に突き出されている。支持部23は、ケース本体71の内部に形成されている開口73dから露出されている。   The fixed contact 21 is formed at a position facing the movable contact 41 by clad, plating, coating, or the like of a conductive material such as copper, silver alloy, gold-silver alloy in addition to silver, nickel, nickel-silver alloy. The case body 71 is exposed from a part of the opening 73a. The terminal 22 protrudes outward from the edge of the case body 71. The support portion 23 is exposed from an opening 73 d formed inside the case main body 71.

本出願においては、特に断りのない限り、固定片2において、固定接点21が形成されている側の面(すなわち図1において上側の面)を表(おもて)面、その反対側の面を裏(うら)面として説明している。他の部品、例えば、可動片4及び熱応動素子5等についても同様である。   In the present application, unless otherwise specified, in the fixed piece 2, the surface on which the fixed contact 21 is formed (that is, the upper surface in FIG. 1) is the front surface and the opposite surface. Is described as the back side. The same applies to other parts, for example, the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5.

端子片3は、固定片2と同様に、銅等を主成分とする金属板をプレス加工することにより形成され、ケース本体71にインサート成形により埋め込まれている。端子片3の一端には外部回路と電気的に接続される端子32が形成され、他端側には、可動片4と電気的に接続される接続部33が形成されている。端子32はケース本体71の端縁から外側に突き出されている。接続部33は、ケース本体71の内部に設けられた開口73bから露出し、可動片4と電気的に接続される。   Similarly to the fixed piece 2, the terminal piece 3 is formed by pressing a metal plate mainly composed of copper or the like, and is embedded in the case main body 71 by insert molding. A terminal 32 electrically connected to an external circuit is formed at one end of the terminal piece 3, and a connecting portion 33 electrically connected to the movable piece 4 is formed at the other end side. The terminal 32 protrudes outward from the edge of the case body 71. The connecting portion 33 is exposed from an opening 73 b provided inside the case body 71 and is electrically connected to the movable piece 4.

可動片4は、銅等を主成分とする板状の金属材料をプレス加工することにより形成されている。可動片4は、長手方向の中心線に対して対称なアーム状に形成されている。   The movable piece 4 is formed by pressing a plate-shaped metal material mainly composed of copper or the like. The movable piece 4 is formed in an arm shape symmetrical to the center line in the longitudinal direction.

可動片4の先端部には、可動接点41が形成されている。可動接点41は、固定接点21と同等の材料によって形成され、溶接の他、クラッド、かしめ(crimping)等の手法によって可動片4の先端部に接合されている。   A movable contact 41 is formed at the tip of the movable piece 4. The movable contact 41 is formed of the same material as the fixed contact 21 and is joined to the tip of the movable piece 4 by a technique such as clad or crimping in addition to welding.

可動片4の先端部には、端子片3の接続部33と電気的に接続される接続部42が形成されている。端子片3の接続部33と可動片4の接続部42とは、例えば、溶接によって固着されている。   A connecting portion 42 that is electrically connected to the connecting portion 33 of the terminal piece 3 is formed at the tip of the movable piece 4. The connection part 33 of the terminal piece 3 and the connection part 42 of the movable piece 4 are fixed by welding, for example.

可動片4は、可動接点41と接続部42との間に、弾性部43を有している。弾性部43は、接続部42から可動接点41の側に延出されている。接続部42において端子片3の接続部33と固着されることにより可動片4が固定され、弾性部43が弾性変形することにより、その先端に形成されている可動接点41が固定接点21の側に押圧されて接触し、固定片2と可動片4とが通電可能となる。可動片4と端子片3とは、電気的に接続されているので、固定片2と端子片3とが通電可能となる。   The movable piece 4 has an elastic portion 43 between the movable contact 41 and the connection portion 42. The elastic portion 43 extends from the connection portion 42 to the movable contact 41 side. The movable piece 4 is fixed by being fixed to the connection portion 33 of the terminal piece 3 in the connection portion 42, and the elastic contact 43 is elastically deformed so that the movable contact 41 formed at the tip thereof is on the fixed contact 21 side. The fixed piece 2 and the movable piece 4 can be energized. Since the movable piece 4 and the terminal piece 3 are electrically connected, the fixed piece 2 and the terminal piece 3 can be energized.

可動片4は、弾性部43において、プレス加工により湾曲又は屈曲されている。湾曲又は屈曲の度合いは、熱応動素子5を収納できる限り特に限定はなく、動作温度及び復帰温度における弾性力、接点の押圧力などを考慮して適宜設定すればよい。また、弾性部43の裏面には、熱応動素子5に対向して一対の突起(接触部)44a,44bが形成されている。突起44a,44bと熱応動素子5とは接触して、突起44a,44bを介して熱応動素子5の変形が弾性部43に伝達される(図1、図2及び図3参照)。   The movable piece 4 is curved or bent at the elastic portion 43 by pressing. The degree of bending or bending is not particularly limited as long as the thermally responsive element 5 can be accommodated, and may be appropriately set in consideration of the elastic force at the operating temperature and the return temperature, the pressing force of the contact point, and the like. In addition, a pair of protrusions (contact portions) 44 a and 44 b are formed on the back surface of the elastic portion 43 so as to face the thermally responsive element 5. The protrusions 44a and 44b and the thermally responsive element 5 come into contact with each other, and the deformation of the thermally responsive element 5 is transmitted to the elastic portion 43 via the protrusions 44a and 44b (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 3).

ところで、近年、生産効率の向上を狙って、ブレーカー1を回路基板に直接的に実装する形態が検討されている。さらには、ブレーカー1の端子22、32と回路基板のリードとの接続にリフロー方式のはんだ付けを用いることが検討されている。   By the way, in recent years, with the aim of improving production efficiency, a form in which the breaker 1 is directly mounted on a circuit board has been studied. Furthermore, it has been studied to use reflow soldering to connect the terminals 22 and 32 of the breaker 1 and the leads of the circuit board.

リフロー方式によるはんだ付け工程では、ブレーカー1は、例えば、200゜Cを超える高温に数十秒さらされる。そして、可動片4の材料にリン青銅等を適用した場合、上述した温度条件では、可動片4の材料の軟化が生じ、プレス等によって加工された可動片4の上記形状は、可動接点41が固定接点21から離隔した状態にとどまるように変形する。こうした可動片4の変形は、通電時の抵抗値及び動作温度、復帰温度に影響を及ぼすおそれがある。   In the reflow soldering process, the breaker 1 is exposed to a high temperature exceeding, for example, 200 ° C. for several tens of seconds. When phosphor bronze or the like is applied to the material of the movable piece 4, the material of the movable piece 4 is softened under the temperature conditions described above, and the shape of the movable piece 4 processed by a press or the like is such that the movable contact 41 is It is deformed so as to remain in a state separated from the fixed contact 21. Such deformation of the movable piece 4 may affect the resistance value, operating temperature, and return temperature during energization.

この点、銅−チタン合金及びコルソン銅等は、上述した温度条件でも軟化は生じない。従って、可動片4の材料に銅−チタン合金及びコルソン銅等を適用した場合、リフロー方式によるはんだ付け工程の前後において、可動片4の形状は実質的に維持され、通電時の抵抗値及び動作温度、復帰温度も正常に維持される。   In this respect, the copper-titanium alloy, Corson copper, and the like do not soften even under the temperature conditions described above. Therefore, when copper-titanium alloy, corson copper, or the like is applied to the material of the movable piece 4, the shape of the movable piece 4 is substantially maintained before and after the reflow soldering process, and the resistance value and operation during energization are maintained. The temperature and return temperature are also maintained normally.

一方、近年、ブレーカー1の用途は、例えば、ノート型のパーソナルコンピュータからタブレット型のパーソナルコンピュータさらにはスマートフォンと称される小型の携帯情報端末に広がっている。ノート型のパーソナルコンピュータでは、定格が10〜12A、最大許容電流が20A前後の比較的高容量のブレーカーが適用されることが多く、タブレット型のパーソナルコンピュータ又はスマートフォンでは、定格が4〜8A、最大許容電流が12A前後の低容量のブレーカーが適用されることが多い。   On the other hand, in recent years, the application of the breaker 1 has spread from, for example, a notebook personal computer to a tablet personal computer and further to a small portable information terminal called a smartphone. In a notebook personal computer, a breaker having a relatively high capacity with a rating of 10 to 12 A and a maximum allowable current of around 20 A is often applied, and with a tablet personal computer or smartphone, a rating of 4 to 8 A and a maximum In many cases, a low-capacity breaker having an allowable current of about 12 A is applied.

そして、近年におけるCPU等の省電力化に資する技術の進歩はめざましく、容量の低いブレーカー1の開発が要求されている。このような背景下において、本実施形態では、可動片4の材料として銅−チタン合金が適用されている。銅−チタン合金は、コルソン銅等と比較して電気伝導度が低く、低容量のブレーカー1に好適とされるためである。   In recent years, technological advances that contribute to power saving of CPUs and the like have been remarkable, and the development of a breaker 1 having a low capacity is required. Under such a background, in this embodiment, a copper-titanium alloy is applied as the material of the movable piece 4. This is because the copper-titanium alloy has a lower electrical conductivity than Corson copper or the like, and is suitable for the low-capacity breaker 1.

可動片4に用いられる銅−チタニウム合金材は、94重量%以上の銅と、1〜5重量%のチタニウムとを含むのが望ましい。このような銅−チタニウム合金材によって可動片4を構成することにより、所望の電気伝導度が得られ、容易にブレーカー1の低容量化を図ることが可能となる。   The copper-titanium alloy material used for the movable piece 4 preferably contains 94% by weight or more of copper and 1 to 5% by weight of titanium. By configuring the movable piece 4 with such a copper-titanium alloy material, a desired electric conductivity can be obtained, and the capacity of the breaker 1 can be easily reduced.

熱応動素子5は円弧状に湾曲した初期形状をなし、熱膨張率の異なる薄板材を積層することにより形成される。過熱により動作温度に達すると、熱応動素子5の湾曲形状は、スナップモーションを伴って逆反りし、冷却により復帰温度を下回ると復元する。熱応動素子5の初期形状は、プレス加工により形成することができる。所期の温度で熱応動素子5の逆反り動作により可動片4の弾性部43が押し上げられ、かつ弾性部43の弾性力により元に戻る限り、熱応動素子5の材質及び形状は特に限定されるものでないが、生産性及び逆反り動作の効率性の観点から矩形状が望ましく、小型でありながら弾性部43を効率的に押し上げるために正方形に近い長方形であるのが望ましい。なお、熱応動素子5の材料としては、例えば、高膨脹側に銅−ニッケル−マンガン合金又はニッケル−クロム−鉄合金、低膨脹側に鉄−ニッケル合金をはじめとする、洋白、黄銅、ステンレス鋼など各種の合金からなる熱膨張率の異なる2種類の材料を積層したものが、所要条件に応じて組み合わせて使用される。   The thermally responsive element 5 has an initial shape curved in an arc shape, and is formed by laminating thin plate materials having different thermal expansion coefficients. When the operating temperature is reached due to overheating, the curved shape of the thermally responsive element 5 is reversely warped with a snap motion, and is restored when the temperature falls below the return temperature due to cooling. The initial shape of the thermoresponsive element 5 can be formed by pressing. As long as the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up by the reverse warping operation of the thermal response element 5 at a desired temperature and returns to the original state by the elastic force of the elastic portion 43, the material and shape of the thermal response element 5 are particularly limited. However, the rectangular shape is desirable from the viewpoint of productivity and the efficiency of the reverse warping operation, and it is desirable that the rectangular shape is close to a square in order to efficiently push up the elastic portion 43 while being small. Examples of the material of the thermally responsive element 5 include, for example, white, brass, and stainless steel including copper-nickel-manganese alloy or nickel-chromium-iron alloy on the high expansion side and iron-nickel alloy on the low expansion side. A laminate of two types of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion made of various alloys such as steel is used in combination according to the required conditions.

PTCサーミスター6は、固定片2と熱応動素子5との間に配設されている。すなわち、PTCサーミスター6を挟んで、固定片2は熱応動素子5の直下に位置している。熱応動素子5の逆反り動作により固定片2と可動片4との通電が遮断されたとき、PTCサーミスター6に流れる電流が増大する。PTCサーミスター6は、温度上昇と共に抵抗値が増大して電流を制限する正特性サーミスターであれば、動作電流、動作電圧、動作温度、復帰温度などの必要に応じて種類を選択でき、その材料及び形状はこれらの諸特性を損なわない限り特に限定されるものではない。本実施形態では、チタン酸バリウム、チタン酸ストロンチウム又はチタン酸カルシウムを含むセラミック焼結体が用いられる。セラミック焼結体の他、ポリマーにカーボン等の導電性粒子を含有させたいわゆるポリマーPTCを用いてもよい。   The PTC thermistor 6 is disposed between the fixed piece 2 and the thermally responsive element 5. That is, the fixed piece 2 is positioned directly below the thermal actuator 5 with the PTC thermistor 6 interposed therebetween. When the energization of the fixed piece 2 and the movable piece 4 is interrupted by the reverse warping operation of the thermal response element 5, the current flowing through the PTC thermistor 6 increases. As long as the PTC thermistor 6 is a positive temperature coefficient thermistor that limits the current by increasing the resistance value as the temperature rises, the type of operation current, operation voltage, operation temperature, return temperature, etc. can be selected as necessary. The material and shape are not particularly limited as long as these properties are not impaired. In the present embodiment, a ceramic sintered body containing barium titanate, strontium titanate or calcium titanate is used. In addition to the ceramic sintered body, a so-called polymer PTC in which conductive particles such as carbon are contained in a polymer may be used.

ケース7を構成するケース本体71及び蓋部材81は、難燃性のポリアミド、耐熱性に優れたポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)、液晶ポリマー(LCP)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)などの熱可塑性樹脂により成形されている。上述した樹脂と同等以上の特性が得られるのであれば、樹脂以外の材料を適用してもよい。   The case main body 71 and the lid member 81 constituting the case 7 are formed of a thermoplastic resin such as flame retardant polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) having excellent heat resistance. Has been. A material other than the resin may be applied as long as characteristics equal to or higher than those of the above-described resin can be obtained.

ケース本体71には、可動片4、熱応動素子5及びPTCサーミスター6などを収容するための収容凹部73が形成されている。収容凹部73は、可動片4を収容するための開口73a,73b、可動片4及び熱応動素子5を収容するための開口73c、並びに、PTCサーミスター6を収容するための開口73d等を有している。なお、ケース本体71に組み込まれた可動片4、熱応動素子5の端縁は、収容凹部73の内部に形成されている枠によってそれぞれ当接され、熱応動素子5の逆反り時に案内される。   The case main body 71 is formed with a housing recess 73 for housing the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6 and the like. The housing recess 73 has openings 73 a and 73 b for housing the movable piece 4, an opening 73 c for housing the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5, an opening 73 d for housing the PTC thermistor 6, and the like. doing. Note that the edges of the movable piece 4 and the heat-responsive element 5 incorporated in the case main body 71 are brought into contact with each other by a frame formed inside the housing recess 73, and are guided when the heat-responsive element 5 is reversely warped. .

蓋部材81には、カバー片9がインサート成形によって埋め込まれている。カバー片9は、上述した銅等を主成分とする金属板又はステンレス鋼等の金属板をプレス加工することにより形成される。カバー片9は、図2及び図3に示すように、可動片4の表面と適宜当接し、可動片4の動きを規制すると共に、蓋部材81のひいては筐体としてのケース7の剛性・強度を高めつつブレーカー1の小型化に貢献する。カバー片9の外面側には、樹脂が配されている。   A cover piece 9 is embedded in the lid member 81 by insert molding. The cover piece 9 is formed by pressing a metal plate mainly composed of copper or the like, or a metal plate such as stainless steel. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cover piece 9 abuts on the surface of the movable piece 4 as appropriate to restrict the movement of the movable piece 4, and the lid member 81 and thus the rigidity and strength of the case 7 as the casing. Contributes to the downsizing of the breaker 1 Resin is disposed on the outer surface side of the cover piece 9.

図1に示すように、固定片2、可動片4、熱応動素子5及びPTCサーミスター6等を収容したケース本体71の開口73a、73b、73c等を塞ぐように、蓋部材81が、ケース本体71に装着される。ケース本体71と蓋部材81とは、例えば超音波溶着によって接合される。このとき、ケース本体71と蓋部材81とは、それぞれの外縁部の全周にわたって連続的に接合され、ケース7の気密性が向上する。これにより、リフロー方式によるはんだ付け工程で、ケース7の内部にフラックスが侵入することが防止され、熱応動素子5等を構成する金属が影響を受けることが抑制される。   As shown in FIG. 1, the lid member 81 is provided in a case so as to close the openings 73a, 73b, 73c and the like of the case main body 71 that accommodates the fixed piece 2, the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, and the like. Mounted on the main body 71. The case main body 71 and the lid member 81 are joined by, for example, ultrasonic welding. At this time, the case main body 71 and the lid member 81 are continuously joined over the entire circumference of each outer edge portion, and the airtightness of the case 7 is improved. Thereby, in the soldering process by a reflow system, it is prevented that a flux penetrate | invades into the inside of case 7, and it suppresses that the metal which comprises the thermoresponsive element 5 grade | etc., Is influenced.

図2は、通常の充電又は放電状態におけるブレーカー1の動作を示している。通常の充電又は放電状態においては、熱応動素子5は初期形状を維持(逆反り前)している。カバー片9には、可動片4の頂部43aと当接し、頂部43aを熱応動素子5の側に押圧する突出部91が設けられている。突出部91が頂部43aを押圧することにより、弾性部43は、弾性変形し、その先端に形成されている可動接点41が固定接点21の側に押圧されて接触する。これにより、可動片4の弾性部43などを通じてブレーカー1の両端子22、32間は導通している。可動片4の弾性部43と熱応動素子5とは接触しており、可動片4、熱応動素子5、PTCサーミスター6及び固定片2は、回路として導通している。しかし、PTCサーミスター6の抵抗は、可動片4の抵抗に比べて圧倒的に大きいため、PTCサーミスター6を流れる電流は、固定接点21及び可動接点41を流れる量に比して実質的に無視できる程度である。   FIG. 2 shows the operation of the breaker 1 in a normal charge or discharge state. In a normal charge or discharge state, the thermally responsive element 5 maintains its initial shape (before reverse warping). The cover piece 9 is provided with a protruding portion 91 that contacts the top portion 43a of the movable piece 4 and presses the top portion 43a toward the heat-responsive element 5 side. When the protruding portion 91 presses the top portion 43a, the elastic portion 43 is elastically deformed, and the movable contact 41 formed at the tip thereof is pressed and contacts the fixed contact 21 side. Accordingly, the terminals 22 and 32 of the breaker 1 are electrically connected through the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 and the like. The elastic part 43 of the movable piece 4 and the thermal responsive element 5 are in contact, and the movable piece 4, the thermal responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6 and the fixed piece 2 are electrically connected as a circuit. However, since the resistance of the PTC thermistor 6 is overwhelmingly larger than the resistance of the movable piece 4, the current flowing through the PTC thermistor 6 is substantially larger than the amount flowing through the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41. It can be ignored.

図3は、過充電状態又は異常時などにおけるブレーカー1の動作を示している。過充電又は異常により高温状態となると、動作温度に達した熱応動素子5は逆反りし、可動片4の弾性部43が押し上げられて固定接点21と可動接点41とが離隔する。このとき、固定接点21と可動接点41の間を流れていた電流は遮断され、僅かな漏れ電流が熱応動素子5及びPTCサーミスター6を通して流れることとなる。PTCサーミスター6は、このような漏れ電流の流れる限り発熱を続け、熱応動素子5を逆反り状態に維持させつつ抵抗値を激増させるので、電流は固定接点21と可動接点41の間の経路を流れず、上述の僅かな漏れ電流のみが存在する(自己保持回路を構成する)。この漏れ電流は安全装置の他の機能に充てることができる。   FIG. 3 shows the operation of the breaker 1 in an overcharged state or an abnormality. When a high temperature state occurs due to overcharging or abnormality, the thermally responsive element 5 that has reached the operating temperature is warped in reverse, the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4 is pushed up, and the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 are separated. At this time, the current flowing between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 is interrupted, and a slight leakage current flows through the thermal actuator 5 and the PTC thermistor 6. Since the PTC thermistor 6 continues to generate heat as long as such a leakage current flows, the resistance value is drastically increased while maintaining the thermally actuated element 5 in the reverse warping state, so that the current is a path between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41. There is only the above-described slight leakage current (which constitutes a self-holding circuit). This leakage current can be used for other functions of the safety device.

過充電状態を解除し、又は異常状態を解消すると、PTCサーミスター6の発熱も収まり、熱応動素子5は復帰温度に戻り、元の初期形状に復元する。そして、可動片4の弾性部43の弾性力によって可動接点41と固定接点21とは再び接触し、回路は遮断状態を解かれ、図2に示す導通状態に復帰する。   When the overcharge state is canceled or the abnormal state is resolved, the heat generation of the PTC thermistor 6 is also stopped, and the thermal actuator 5 returns to the return temperature and is restored to the original initial shape. Then, the movable contact 41 and the fixed contact 21 come into contact again by the elastic force of the elastic portion 43 of the movable piece 4, the circuit is released from the interruption state, and returns to the conduction state shown in FIG. 2.

図4は、可動片4の構成を示している。既に述べたように、可動片4は、端子片3の接続部33と固着されている接続部42を基端として、弾性部43が弾性変形することにより、その先端に形成されている可動接点41が固定接点21の側に押圧されて接触し、固定片2と可動片4とが通電可能となる(図1参照)。従って、弾性部43の平均長さLa、平均幅Ba及び平均厚さtは、可動接点41を押圧する力に影響を及ぼす。   FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the movable piece 4. As described above, the movable piece 4 has the movable contact formed at the distal end thereof by the elastic portion 43 elastically deforming with the connection portion 42 fixed to the connection portion 33 of the terminal piece 3 as the base end. 41 is pressed against and comes into contact with the fixed contact 21, and the fixed piece 2 and the movable piece 4 can be energized (see FIG. 1). Therefore, the average length La, average width Ba, and average thickness t of the elastic portion 43 affect the force that presses the movable contact 41.

弾性部43の平均長さLaとは、弾性部43の平面視での長手方向の平均長さである。図2及び図3に示されるように、可動片4は、頂部43aにおいて、カバー片9と当接しているので、実質的に頂部43aよりも先端の領域で弾性変形しうる。従って、弾性部43の平均長さLaとは、熱応動素子5の逆反り動作によりケース7内で弾性部43が弾性変形可能な領域の平均の長さ(有効長)、すなわち本実施形態では、頂部43aから先端43bまでの平面視での平均の長さと定義される。この平均長さLaは、例えば、弾性部43の測端43c、43c間で、弾性部43の長さが一様でない可動片4にも適用されうる。   The average length La of the elastic portion 43 is the average length in the longitudinal direction of the elastic portion 43 in plan view. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, since the movable piece 4 is in contact with the cover piece 9 at the top 43a, the movable piece 4 can be substantially elastically deformed in the region of the tip than the top 43a. Therefore, the average length La of the elastic portion 43 is the average length (effective length) of the region in which the elastic portion 43 can be elastically deformed in the case 7 by the reverse warping operation of the thermal response element 5, that is, in this embodiment. , Defined as the average length in plan view from the top 43a to the tip 43b. This average length La can be applied to the movable piece 4 in which the length of the elastic portion 43 is not uniform between the measuring ends 43c and 43c of the elastic portion 43, for example.

カバー片9に突出部91が設けられていない形態でも弾性部43の平均長さLaは同様に定義される。すなわち、可動片4とカバー片9とが当接する部位から先端の弾性変形可能な領域の平均の長さが上記平均長さLaである。なお、弾性部43の長さがある程度以上である場合は、必要に応じて弾性部43の形状に沿った長さが適用されうる。   The average length La of the elastic portion 43 is similarly defined even in the form in which the protruding portion 91 is not provided on the cover piece 9. That is, the average length La is the average length of the region where the movable piece 4 and the cover piece 9 are in contact with each other and the elastically deformable region at the tip. In addition, when the length of the elastic part 43 is a certain length or more, the length along the shape of the elastic part 43 may be applied as needed.

弾性部43の平均幅Baとは、弾性部43の短手方向の平均長さ、すなわち弾性部43の測端43c、43c間の平面視での平均の長さである。従って、例えば、弾性部43の基端43aから先端43bにわたって、弾性部43の幅が一様でない可動片4にも適用されうる。   The average width Ba of the elastic portion 43 is the average length in the short direction of the elastic portion 43, that is, the average length in plan view between the measuring ends 43c and 43c of the elastic portion 43. Therefore, for example, it can be applied to the movable piece 4 in which the width of the elastic portion 43 is not uniform from the base end 43 a to the tip 43 b of the elastic portion 43.

さらに、弾性部43の平均厚さtとは、弾性部43の厚さ方向の平均長さ、すなわち弾性部43の表面43dから裏面43eまでの平均の長さである。従って、例えば、弾性部43の基端43aから先端43bにわたって、弾性部43の厚さが一様でない可動片4にも適用されうる。   Furthermore, the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43 is the average length in the thickness direction of the elastic portion 43, that is, the average length from the front surface 43 d to the back surface 43 e of the elastic portion 43. Therefore, for example, it can be applied to the movable piece 4 in which the thickness of the elastic portion 43 is not uniform from the base end 43a to the tip end 43b of the elastic portion 43.

そして、発明者らは、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、弾性部43の平均長さLa、平均幅Ba及び平均厚さtがブレーカー1の動作温度及び復帰温度等の温度特性並びにこれら特性のバラツキに大きな影響を及ぼすとの知見を得た。   As a result of extensive research, the inventors have found that the average length La, the average width Ba, and the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43 vary in temperature characteristics such as operating temperature and return temperature of the breaker 1 and variations in these characteristics. The knowledge that it has a big influence was obtained.

すなわち、弾性部43の平均長さLa、平均幅Ba及び平均厚さtは、式(1)の関係を満たすことが望ましい。
2.3×10-5 ≦ (Ba×t3)/La3≦ 7.0×10-5 (1)
That is, it is desirable that the average length La, the average width Ba, and the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43 satisfy the relationship of Expression (1).
2.3 × 10 −5 ≦ (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 ≦ 7.0 × 10 −5 (1)

式(1)において、比(Ba×t3)/La3は、弾性部43の曲げ剛性を示す指標とされる。比(Ba×t3)/La3 が2.3×10-5 未満の場合、弾性部43の曲げ剛性が過小となり、図2に示される通電状態で、固定接点41と可動接点21との間の接触抵抗が過大となり、また安定しないおそれがある。また、熱応動素子5の押し上げ力と弾性部43の曲げ剛性とのバランスが悪化し、所望の動作温度及び復帰温度が得られないおそれがある。特に、図2等に示される本実施形態のブレーカー1、すなわち、通電状態で可動片4の突起44a,44bと熱応動素子5とが当接しない形態にあっては、復帰温度が過度に低下するおそれがある。 In the formula (1), the ratio (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 is an index indicating the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43. When the ratio (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 is less than 2.3 × 10 −5 , the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 is too small, and the fixed contact 41 and the movable contact 21 are not electrically connected in the energized state shown in FIG. The contact resistance between them becomes excessive and may not be stable. In addition, the balance between the pushing force of the thermally responsive element 5 and the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 is deteriorated, and there is a possibility that desired operating temperature and return temperature cannot be obtained. Particularly, in the case of the breaker 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or the like, that is, in the form in which the projections 44a and 44b of the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 do not contact in the energized state, the return temperature is excessively lowered. There is a risk.

一方、比(Ba×t3)/La3 が7.0×10-5 を超える場合、弾性部43の曲げ剛性が過大となり、熱応動素子5の押し上げ力と弾性部43の曲げ剛性とのバランスが悪化し、所望の動作温度及び復帰温度が得られないおそれがある。特に、本実施形態のブレーカー1にあっては、復帰温度が過度に上昇するおそれがある。 On the other hand, when the ratio (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 exceeds 7.0 × 10 −5 , the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 becomes excessive, and the push-up force of the thermally responsive element 5 and the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 There is a possibility that the balance deteriorates and the desired operating temperature and return temperature cannot be obtained. In particular, in the breaker 1 of the present embodiment, the return temperature may be excessively increased.

本実施形態では、式(1)の関係を満たす弾性部43によって可動片4を構成することにより、ブレーカー1の復帰温度を40゜C〜60゜Cの範囲に留めることが可能となる。   In the present embodiment, by configuring the movable piece 4 with the elastic portion 43 that satisfies the relationship of the expression (1), the return temperature of the breaker 1 can be kept in the range of 40 ° C. to 60 ° C.

図5は、熱応動素子5の構成を示している。熱応動素子5は、平面視で矩形状に形成されている。発明者らは、さらに鋭意研究を重ねた結果、弾性部43の平均長さLaと熱応動素子5の平均長さLdとの関係及び弾性部43の平均幅Baと熱応動素子5の平均幅Bdとの関係がブレーカー1の動作温度及び復帰温度に大きな影響を及ぼすとの知見を得た。   FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the thermally responsive element 5. The thermally responsive element 5 is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view. As a result of further earnest studies, the inventors have found that the relationship between the average length La of the elastic portion 43 and the average length Ld of the thermal responsive element 5, and the average width Ba of the elastic portion 43 and the average width of the thermal responsive element 5. It was found that the relationship with Bd greatly affects the operating temperature and the return temperature of the breaker 1.

熱応動素子5の平均長さLdとは、弾性部43の長手方向での熱応動素子5の平均長さ、すなわち熱応動素子5の後端5aから前端5bまでの平面視での平均の長さである。従って、例えば、熱応動素子5の測端5c、5c間で、長さが一様でない熱応動素子5にも適用されうる。   The average length Ld of the thermally responsive element 5 is the average length of the thermally responsive element 5 in the longitudinal direction of the elastic portion 43, that is, the average length in plan view from the rear end 5a to the front end 5b of the thermally responsive element 5. That's it. Therefore, for example, the present invention can also be applied to the thermally responsive element 5 whose length is not uniform between the measuring ends 5c and 5c of the thermally responsive element 5.

熱応動素子5の平均幅Bdとは、弾性部43の短手方向での熱応動素子5の平均長さ、すなわち熱応動素子5の測端5c、5c間の平面視での平均の長さである。従って、例えば、熱応動素子5の後端5aから前端5bにわたって、幅が一様でない熱応動素子5にも適用されうる。   The average width Bd of the thermally responsive element 5 is the average length of the thermally responsive element 5 in the short direction of the elastic portion 43, that is, the average length in plan view between the measuring ends 5c and 5c of the thermally responsive element 5. It is. Therefore, for example, the present invention can be applied to the thermal response element 5 whose width is not uniform from the rear end 5a to the front end 5b of the thermal response element 5.

すなわち、弾性部43の平均長さLaと熱応動素子5の平均長さLd及び弾性部43の平均幅Baと熱応動素子5の平均幅Bdは、式(2)(3)の関係を満たすことが望ましい。
0.7 < La/Ld < 2.3 (2)
0.18 < Ba/Bd < 1 (3)
That is, the average length La of the elastic portion 43, the average length Ld of the thermal response element 5, the average width Ba of the elastic portion 43, and the average width Bd of the thermal response element 5 satisfy the relationship of the expressions (2) and (3). It is desirable.
0.7 <La / Ld <2.3 (2)
0.18 <Ba / Bd <1 (3)

式(2)において、比La/Ldが0.7以下の場合、図2に示される通電状態で、固定接点41と可動接点21との間の接触抵抗が安定しないおそれがある。さらに、図3に示される遮断状態で、固定接点41と可動接点21との間のギャップ(接点ギャップ)が十分に確保できず、安定した温度特性が得られないおそれがある。一方、比La/Ldが2.3を超える場合、図2に示される通電状態で、固定接点41と可動接点21との間の接触抵抗を抑制しながら、ブレーカー1の小型化を図るのが困難となるおそれがある。本実施形態では、式(2)の関係を満たす可動片4及び熱応動素子5によってブレーカー1を構成することにより、接触抵抗、温度特性、小型化をバランスよく両立できる。   In the formula (2), when the ratio La / Ld is 0.7 or less, the contact resistance between the fixed contact 41 and the movable contact 21 may not be stable in the energized state shown in FIG. Furthermore, in the interruption | blocking state shown by FIG. 3, the gap (contact gap) between the fixed contact 41 and the movable contact 21 cannot be ensured enough, and there exists a possibility that the stable temperature characteristic may not be acquired. On the other hand, when the ratio La / Ld exceeds 2.3, it is possible to reduce the size of the breaker 1 while suppressing the contact resistance between the fixed contact 41 and the movable contact 21 in the energized state shown in FIG. May be difficult. In the present embodiment, by configuring the breaker 1 with the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 satisfying the relationship of the formula (2), it is possible to balance contact resistance, temperature characteristics, and miniaturization in a balanced manner.

式(3)において、比Ba/Bdが0.18以下の場合、弾性部43の加工が困難となり、上記接触抵抗や温度特性等にバラツキが生ずるおそれがある。また、熱応動素子5の肥大化を招き、ブレーカー1の小型化が困難となる。一方、比Ba/Bdが1を超える場合、熱応動素子5の押し上げ力と弾性部43の曲げ剛性とのバランスが悪化し、所望の動作温度及び復帰温度が得られないおそれがある。また、可動片4の肥大化を招き、ブレーカー1の小型化が困難となる。本実施形態では、式(3)の関係を満たす可動片4及び熱応動素子5によってブレーカー1を構成することにより、弾性部43の加工を容易としながら、接触抵抗、温度特性、小型化をより一層バランスよく両立できる。なお、平均幅Bdが特に大きい熱応動素子5にあっては、比Ba/Bdが0.035以上であってもよい。   In the formula (3), when the ratio Ba / Bd is 0.18 or less, it is difficult to process the elastic portion 43, and the contact resistance and temperature characteristics may vary. In addition, the thermally responsive element 5 is enlarged, and it is difficult to reduce the size of the breaker 1. On the other hand, when the ratio Ba / Bd exceeds 1, the balance between the push-up force of the thermally responsive element 5 and the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 is deteriorated, and the desired operating temperature and return temperature may not be obtained. Moreover, the enlargement of the movable piece 4 is invited, and the size reduction of the breaker 1 becomes difficult. In the present embodiment, the breaker 1 is configured by the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 satisfying the relationship of the expression (3), so that the processing of the elastic portion 43 is facilitated, and the contact resistance, temperature characteristics, and miniaturization are further improved. It is possible to achieve a better balance. In addition, in the thermoresponsive element 5 having a particularly large average width Bd, the ratio Ba / Bd may be 0.035 or more.

また、熱応動素子5の平均長さLdと平均幅Bdは、式(4)の関係を満たすことが望ましい。
1.01 < Ld/Bd < 1.1 (4)
Moreover, it is desirable that the average length Ld and the average width Bd of the thermally responsive element 5 satisfy the relationship of Expression (4).
1.01 <Ld / Bd <1.1 (4)

式(4)において、比Ld/Bdが1.01未満の場合、図3に示される遮断状態で、固定接点41と可動接点21との間のギャップ(接点ギャップ)が十分に確保できず、安定した温度特性が得られないおそれがある。比Ld/Bdが1.1を超える場合、ブレーカー1の小型化を図るのが困難となるおそれがある。本実施形態では、式(4)の関係を満たす可動片4及び熱応動素子5によってブレーカー1を構成することにより、温度特性、小型化をより一層バランスよく両立できる。   In the formula (4), when the ratio Ld / Bd is less than 1.01, the gap (contact gap) between the fixed contact 41 and the movable contact 21 cannot be sufficiently secured in the interruption state shown in FIG. Stable temperature characteristics may not be obtained. When the ratio Ld / Bd exceeds 1.1, it may be difficult to reduce the size of the breaker 1. In the present embodiment, by configuring the breaker 1 with the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 that satisfy the relationship of the formula (4), both temperature characteristics and downsizing can be achieved in a more balanced manner.

熱応動素子5の平均厚さは、弾性部43の平均厚さtの50%〜70%が望ましい。熱応動素子5の平均厚さが弾性部43の平均厚さtの50%未満の場合、熱応動素子5の押し上げ力と弾性部43の曲げ剛性とのバランスが悪化し、復帰温度が過度に高くなるおそれがある。一方、熱応動素子5の平均厚さが弾性部43の平均厚さtの70%を超える場合、復帰温度が過度に低くなるおそれがある。   The average thickness of the thermoresponsive element 5 is desirably 50% to 70% of the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43. When the average thickness of the thermal responsive element 5 is less than 50% of the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43, the balance between the pushing force of the thermal responsive element 5 and the bending rigidity of the elastic portion 43 deteriorates, and the return temperature is excessively high. May be high. On the other hand, when the average thickness of the thermoresponsive element 5 exceeds 70% of the average thickness t of the elastic portion 43, the return temperature may be excessively lowered.

図5に示される熱応動素子5の湾曲係数Kは、温度特性等の安定の観点から13〜22が望ましい。ここで、湾曲係数Kとは、例えば、JIS C2530に準拠する測定法によって算出された係数である。本実施形態では、上記範囲の湾曲係数Kを有する熱応動素子5によってブレーカー1を構成することにより、常温において広範に使用される電気機器等にブレーカー1が適用される場合であっても、ブレーカー1の小型化を図りつつ、良好な温度特性が得られる。さらに、上記式(1)乃至(4)の関係を満たす可動片4及び熱応動素子5と組み合わせることにより、リフロー方式のはんだ付け工程を経たブレーカー1にあっても、安定した温度特性を得ることができる。   The curvature coefficient K of the thermally responsive element 5 shown in FIG. 5 is desirably 13 to 22 from the viewpoint of stability such as temperature characteristics. Here, the curvature coefficient K is, for example, a coefficient calculated by a measurement method based on JIS C2530. In this embodiment, even if it is a case where the breaker 1 is applied to the electric equipment etc. which are widely used in normal temperature by comprising the breaker 1 with the thermal response element 5 which has the curvature coefficient K of the said range, it is a breaker. Good temperature characteristics can be obtained while reducing the size of 1. Furthermore, by combining with the movable piece 4 and the thermally responsive element 5 satisfying the relations of the above formulas (1) to (4), stable temperature characteristics can be obtained even in the breaker 1 that has undergone the reflow soldering process. Can do.

図5では、熱応動素子5の全体が湾曲して形成されているが、熱応動素子5の一部(例えば、中央部)が湾曲して形成(フォーミング)された熱応動素子5にも上記式(2)乃至(4)は同様に適用できる。このような、断面が湾曲して形成されたフォーミング部を部分的に有する熱応動素子5においては、上記熱応動素子5の平均長さLd及び平均幅Bdは、例えば、フォーミング部の寸法(有効長及び有効幅)で規定される。   In FIG. 5, the entirety of the thermally responsive element 5 is curved, but the above-described thermal responsive element 5 in which a part (for example, the central portion) of the thermally responsive element 5 is curved (formed) is also described above. Equations (2) to (4) can be applied similarly. In such a thermally responsive element 5 partially having a forming part formed with a curved cross section, the average length Ld and average width Bd of the thermal responsive element 5 are, for example, the dimensions of the forming part (effective Length and effective width).

以上のように、本実施形態のブレーカー1によれば、可動片4は、銅−チタニウム合金材からなる。このような可動片4は、応力緩和特性に優れ、固定接点21と可動接点41との接触抵抗の安定及び動作温度、復帰温度の安定に寄与する。また、可動片4は、上記式(1)を満たしているので、ブレーカー1の復帰温度が所望の範囲内に留められ、電気機器の安全性をより一層高めることが可能となる。   As described above, according to the breaker 1 of the present embodiment, the movable piece 4 is made of a copper-titanium alloy material. Such a movable piece 4 is excellent in stress relaxation characteristics and contributes to the stability of the contact resistance between the fixed contact 21 and the movable contact 41 and the stability of the operating temperature and the return temperature. Moreover, since the movable piece 4 satisfy | fills said Formula (1), the reset temperature of the breaker 1 is stopped in the desired range, and it becomes possible to improve the safety | security of an electric equipment further.

なお、本発明は上記実施形態の構成に限られることなく、ブレーカー1は、少なくとも、固定接点21を有する固定片2と、弾性変形する弾性部43と弾性部43の先端部に可動接点41とを有し、可動接点41を固定接点21に押圧して接触させる可動片4と、温度変化に伴って変形することにより可動接点41が固定接点21から離隔するように可動片4を作動させる熱応動素子5とを備え、可動片4は、銅−チタニウム合金材からなり、上記式(1)を満たすように構成されていればよい。   The present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and the breaker 1 includes at least the fixed piece 2 having the fixed contact 21, the elastic portion 43 that is elastically deformed, and the movable contact 41 at the tip of the elastic portion 43. And a movable piece 4 that presses and contacts the movable contact 41 against the fixed contact 21, and heat that operates the movable piece 4 so that the movable contact 41 is separated from the fixed contact 21 by being deformed as the temperature changes. The movable piece 4 should just be comprised from the copper-titanium alloy material and satisfy | filling said Formula (1).

例えば、ケース7は、二次的なインサート成形等により、樹脂等で密封されていてもよい。この場合、固定片2の端子22及び端子片3の端子32が、回路基板等のランドに固定され導通可能なように、ケース7の外側に形成された樹脂から露出していればよい。   For example, the case 7 may be sealed with a resin or the like by secondary insert molding or the like. In this case, the terminal 22 of the fixed piece 2 and the terminal 32 of the terminal piece 3 may be exposed from the resin formed on the outer side of the case 7 so as to be fixed to and conductive with a land such as a circuit board.

また、ケース本体71と蓋部材81との接合手法は、超音波溶着に限られることなく、両者が強固に接合される手法であれば、適宜適用することができる。例えば、液状又はゲル状の接着剤を塗布・充填し、硬化させることにより、両者が接着されてもよい。また、ケース7は、ケース本体71と蓋部材81等によって構成される形態に限られることなく、2個以上の部品によって構成されていればよい。   Moreover, the joining method of the case main body 71 and the lid member 81 is not limited to ultrasonic welding, and can be appropriately applied as long as both are firmly joined. For example, a liquid or gel adhesive may be applied, filled, and cured to bond them together. Further, the case 7 is not limited to the form constituted by the case main body 71 and the lid member 81, but may be constituted by two or more parts.

また、上述した自己保持回路が不要とされる用途にあっては、PTCサーミスター6が省略されていてもよい。   In applications where the above-described self-holding circuit is unnecessary, the PTC thermistor 6 may be omitted.

また、固定片2、端子片3、可動片4、熱応動素子5、PTCサーミスター6及び収容凹部73等の形状も、図1等に示したものに限られず、適宜変更可能である。   Further, the shapes of the fixed piece 2, the terminal piece 3, the movable piece 4, the thermally responsive element 5, the PTC thermistor 6, the housing recess 73, and the like are not limited to those shown in FIG.

また、上記特許文献1に示されるような、端子片3と可動片4とが一体に形成されている形態に、本発明を適用してもよい。この場合、一体化された端子片3及び可動片4は、例えば、ケース本体71と蓋部材81とによって挟み込まれて溶着される。   Moreover, you may apply this invention to the form by which the terminal piece 3 and the movable piece 4 are integrally formed as shown by the said patent document 1. FIG. In this case, the integrated terminal piece 3 and movable piece 4 are sandwiched and welded between the case body 71 and the lid member 81, for example.

また、本発明のブレーカー1は、2次電池パック、電気機器用の安全回路等にも広く適用できる。図6は2次電池パック500を示す。2次電池パック500は、2次電池501と、2次電池501の出力端回路中に設けたブレーカー1とを備える。図7は電気機器用の安全回路502を示す。安全回路502は2次電池501の出力回路中に直列にブレーカー1を備えている。ブレーカー1を備えた2次電池パック500又は安全回路502によれば、良好な電流遮断動作を確保できる2次電池パック500又は安全回路502を製造できる。   Further, the breaker 1 of the present invention can be widely applied to secondary battery packs, safety circuits for electric devices, and the like. FIG. 6 shows a secondary battery pack 500. The secondary battery pack 500 includes a secondary battery 501 and a breaker 1 provided in the output terminal circuit of the secondary battery 501. FIG. 7 shows a safety circuit 502 for electrical equipment. The safety circuit 502 includes the breaker 1 in series in the output circuit of the secondary battery 501. According to the secondary battery pack 500 or the safety circuit 502 including the breaker 1, the secondary battery pack 500 or the safety circuit 502 that can ensure a good current interruption operation can be manufactured.

1 ブレーカー
2 固定片
21 固定接点
3 端子片
4 可動片
41 可動接点
43 弾性部
5 熱応動素子
501 2次電池
502 安全回路
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Breaker 2 Fixed piece 21 Fixed contact 3 Terminal piece 4 Movable piece 41 Movable contact 43 Elastic part 5 Thermally-responsive element 501 Secondary battery 502 Safety circuit

Claims (6)

固定接点を有する固定片と、
弾性変形する弾性部と該弾性部の先端部に可動接点とを有し、前記可動接点を前記固定接点に押圧して接触させる可動片と、
温度変化に伴って変形することにより前記可動接点が前記固定接点から離隔するように前記可動片を作動させる熱応動素子とを備えたブレーカーにおいて、
前記可動片は、銅−チタニウム合金材からなり、
下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とするブレーカー。
2.3×10-5 ≦ (Ba×t3)/La3≦ 7.0×10-5 (1)
ただし、
La:弾性部の平均長さ
Ba:弾性部の平均幅
t :弾性部の平均厚さ
A fixed piece having a fixed contact;
A movable piece having an elastic part that is elastically deformed and a movable contact at a tip of the elastic part, and pressing the movable contact against the fixed contact;
In a breaker including a thermally responsive element that operates the movable piece so that the movable contact is separated from the fixed contact by being deformed with a temperature change,
The movable piece is made of a copper-titanium alloy material,
Breaker characterized by satisfying the following formula (1).
2.3 × 10 −5 ≦ (Ba × t 3 ) / La 3 ≦ 7.0 × 10 −5 (1)
However,
La: Average length of elastic part Ba: Average width of elastic part t: Average thickness of elastic part
下記式(2)(3)を満たす請求項1記載のブレーカー。
0.7 < La/Ld < 2.3 (2)
0.18 < Ba/Bd < 1 (3)
ただし、
Ld:熱応動素子の平均長さ
Bd:熱応動素子の平均幅
The breaker of Claim 1 which satisfy | fills following formula (2) (3).
0.7 <La / Ld <2.3 (2)
0.18 <Ba / Bd <1 (3)
However,
Ld: Average length of thermal actuator Bd: Average width of thermal actuator
下記式(4)を満たす請求項1又は2に記載のブレーカー。
1.01 < Ld/Bd < 1.1 (4)
ただし、
Ld:熱応動素子の平均長さ
The breaker of Claim 1 or 2 which satisfy | fills following formula (4).
1.01 <Ld / Bd <1.1 (4)
However,
Ld: average length of the thermal actuator
前記銅−チタニウム合金材は、94重量%以上の銅と、1〜5重量%のチタニウムとを含む請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載のブレーカー。   The breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the copper-titanium alloy material includes 94 wt% or more of copper and 1 to 5 wt% of titanium. 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載のブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする電気機器用の安全回路。   A safety circuit for electrical equipment, comprising the breaker according to claim 1. 請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載のブレーカーを備えたことを特徴とする2次電池回路。   A secondary battery circuit comprising the breaker according to claim 1.
JP2014266591A 2014-12-26 2014-12-26 Breaker, safety circuit including the same, and secondary battery circuit. Active JP6457810B2 (en)

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CN109637903A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-04-16 杭州天启钛智能科技有限公司 A kind of intelligent breaker
CN110651349A (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-01-03 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same
CN111418038A (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-07-14 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same

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JP2012059369A (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-22 Komatsulite Mfg Co Ltd Breaker
JP2014015679A (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-01-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Copper alloy sheet material and method for producing the same
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JP2006156064A (en) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-15 Komatsu Lite Seisakusho:Kk Safety device built-in battery
JP2012059369A (en) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-22 Komatsulite Mfg Co Ltd Breaker
JP2014015679A (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-01-30 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Copper alloy sheet material and method for producing the same
JP2014082172A (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-05-08 Otsuka Techno Kk Non-energized type breaker
JP2014222596A (en) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-27 株式会社小松ライト製作所 Breaker, and safety circuit and secondary battery circuit including the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110651349A (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-01-03 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same
CN110651349B (en) * 2017-07-19 2021-09-07 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same
CN111418038A (en) * 2017-12-21 2020-07-14 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same
CN111418038B (en) * 2017-12-21 2022-05-31 柏恩氏株式会社 Circuit breaker and safety circuit with same
CN109637903A (en) * 2018-12-31 2019-04-16 杭州天启钛智能科技有限公司 A kind of intelligent breaker

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