JP2016124037A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool that can be downsized.SOLUTION: A machine tool (1) comprises: a bed (2); a spindle stock (4) that is provided on the bed (2) to be horizontally movable; a spindle (40) which is provided on the spindle stock (4) and to which a rotary tool (T) for processing can be attached; a column (5) which is provided upright on the bed (2) to the vertical direction; and a table (6) which holds a workpiece (W) during processing and which is supported on the column (5) to be movable in the vertical direction when the rotary tool (T) processes the workpiece (W). The machine tool (1) further comprises a mount table (81) which mounts thereon the workpiece (W), which is supported to be movable in the same direction as the moving direction of the table (6) with respect to the column (5), and which can transport the workpiece (W) between a predetermined load/unloading position and the table (6) by the movement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool for processing a workpiece that is positioned and held on a table by a rotary tool mounted on the spindle while relatively moving the spindle and a table while rotating the spindle about an axis.

  For example, the machine tools described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are horizontal machining centers, and a work piece conveyed by a conveyor device disposed above the table is moved up from the origin position and carried into the table. . Then, the machine tool lowers the table, positions it at the machining position, and relatively moves the spindle and the table while rotating the spindle around the axis to process the workpiece. After the completion of machining, the machine tool raises the table from the machining position, carries the workpiece to the conveyor device, lowers the table to the origin position, and waits until the next workpiece is conveyed by the conveyor device.

JP 2009-279597 A US Pat. No. 7,150,706

  In the above-described machine tool, it is necessary to move the table not only when processing the workpiece held on the table but also when loading and unloading the workpiece with respect to the conveyor device. The table can be moved with a relatively short stroke when machining the workpiece, but the table movement when the workpiece is carried in and out has a longer stroke than when machining the workpiece. The table has high rigidity so that it can be moved with high accuracy and high speed while supporting the workpiece during machining. Therefore, the table needs a certain size. Therefore, a large space is required for a large table to move along the long stroke, and the machine tool itself tends to increase in size.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and it aims at providing the machine tool which can be reduced in size.

  The machine tool of the present invention includes a bed, a headstock provided on the bed so as to be movable in a horizontal direction, a spindle provided on the headstock and capable of mounting a rotary tool for processing, and a vertical on the bed. A column erected in the direction, a table that holds the workpiece when machining, and is supported by the column so as to be movable in the vertical direction when machining the workpiece by the rotary tool; The workpiece is placed and supported so as to be movable in the same direction as the table relative to the column, and the workpiece can be transferred between a predetermined loading / unloading position and the table by the movement. A mounting table.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the necessary amount of the vertical movement stroke of the table by the amount of movement of the mounting table.

1 is an overall configuration diagram when a machine tool is viewed from the front side. It is a whole block diagram when the machine tool of FIG. 1A is seen from the side. It is a whole block diagram when the machine tool of FIG. 1A is seen from the upper surface side. It is a perspective view which shows the cradle provided with the carrying in / out apparatus and the jig | tool. It is a figure which shows the detail of the one side (left side) of a carrying in / out apparatus. It is a block block diagram which shows the control apparatus of a machine tool. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of a control apparatus. It is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of the carrying in / out of the workpiece with respect to a carrying in / out apparatus. It is a figure which shows the operation state at the time of the carrying in / out of the workpiece with respect to the conventional table. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the mounting base of the carrying in / out apparatus rose and was positioned in the carrying in / out position of a workpiece. It is a perspective view which shows the state which the mounting base of the carrying in / out apparatus descend | falls and was positioned in the fixed position of the workpiece. It is a figure which shows the state by which the mounting base of the carrying in / out apparatus rose and the workpiece was carried in on the mounting base. It is a figure which shows the state by which the mounting base of the carrying in / out apparatus descend | falls and the workpiece is positioned and fixed to the jig | tool. It is a figure which shows another example of a carrying in / out apparatus. It is a figure which shows another example of a carrying-in apparatus.

(Machine tool configuration)
As an example of the machine tool, a 4-axis horizontal machining center will be described as an example, and will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C. That is, the machine tool 1 has three rectilinear axes (X axis (horizontal direction), Y axis (vertical direction), Z axis (horizontal direction)) and one rotation axis (A axis ( Machine parallel to the X axis)). The X-axis direction is the left-right direction (width direction) of the machine tool 1, the Z-axis direction is the front-rear direction (depth direction) of the machine tool 1, and the Y-axis direction is the up-down direction (height direction) of the machine tool 1. . The workpiece W to be machined by the machine tool 1 will be described below using a cylinder block of a vehicle engine as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C, the machine tool 1 includes a bed 2, a saddle 3, a headstock 4, a main shaft 40, a column 5, a table 6, a tilt device 7, and loading / unloading. A device 8, a jig 9, a control device 10 and the like are provided. A conveyor device 20 that can transport the workpiece W is disposed above the front surface of the machine tool 1. Although not shown, the machine tool 1 includes a plurality of rotary tools that can be mounted on the main shaft 40, and an automatic tool changer that can automatically change the tool with respect to the main shaft 40.

The bed 2 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is disposed on the floor. On the front side on the bed 2, a columnar column 5 is erected. A saddle 3 is provided behind the column 5 on the bed 2 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction.
The saddle 3 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is provided so as to be movable in the X-axis direction along a pair of guide members 31 and 31 provided on the bed 2 and extending in the X-axis direction. An X-axis motor 33 having a ball screw mechanism 32 that moves the saddle 3 in the X-axis direction is provided between the pair of guide members 31. On the saddle 3, a headstock 4 is provided so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction with its axis line oriented in the Z-axis direction.

  The head stock 4 is provided so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction along a pair of guide members 41, 41 extending on the saddle 3 and extending in the Z-axis direction. A Z-axis motor 43 having a ball screw mechanism 42 that moves the headstock 4 in the Z-axis direction is provided between the pair of guide members 41. The headstock 4 includes a main shaft 40 that is rotatably supported and a main shaft motor 44 that has a gear mechanism that rotates the main shaft 40 about the Z axis. A rotary tool T for processing the workpiece W is detachably attached to the tip of the main shaft 40. That is, the rotary tool T is attached to the main shaft 40 so as to be rotatable around the Z axis.

The column 5 includes a pair of leg members 51 and 51 and a bridging member 52 spanned between the pair of leg members 51 and 51. One leg member 51 is provided with the control device 10. Between the pair of leg members 51, 51 of the column 5, a Y-axis direction guide surface of the table 6 is formed, and the table 6 is provided to be movable only in the Y-axis direction.
The table 6 is provided so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction along a pair of guide members 61 and 61 extending in the Y-axis direction provided on the opposing surfaces of the pair of leg members 51 and 51, respectively. A pair of ball screw mechanisms 62 and 62 for moving the table 6 in the Y-axis direction are provided on the front surfaces of the pair of leg members 51 and 51, respectively, and a bridging member 52 corresponding to the upper ends of the pair of leg members 51 and 51. Y-axis motors 63 and 63 having a pair of ball screw mechanisms 62 and 62 are provided at the upper positions, respectively. A tilt device 7 is provided on the table 6 so as to be rotatable about the A axis.

  The tilt device 7 includes a pair of tilt bases 71 disposed on the table 6 so as to face each other at a predetermined interval in the A-axis direction. On the pair of tilt bases 71, a pair of cradle 72 capable of rotating around the A axis is disposed opposite to each other at a predetermined interval. One tilt base 71 is provided with an A-axis motor 73 having a gear mechanism for rotating (swinging) the cradle 72 around the A-axis. The pair of cradle 72 is provided with a carry-in / out device 8 and a jig 9. Although the details will be described later, the carry-in / out device 8 is configured to be able to move the workpiece W up and down in the tilt device 7 by hydraulic pressure. Although the details will be described later, the jig 9 is configured to be able to position and fix the workpiece W lowered by the loading / unloading device 8 by hydraulic pressure.

As will be described in detail later, the control device 10 controls the driving of the spindle motor 44 to rotate the rotary tool T, and the X-axis motor 33, the Z-axis motor 43, the Y-axis motors 63 and 63, and the A-axis motor 73. By controlling each drive, the workpiece W and the rotary tool T are moved relative to each other about the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the A-axis, thereby cutting the workpiece W. Further, the workpiece W is moved up and down by the loading / unloading device 8, and hydraulic control is performed in order to fix and unlock the workpiece W by the jig 9.
The conveyor device 20 is configured to be able to transport the workpiece W by a belt or a plurality of roller rows extending in the X-axis direction above the table 6.

(Machine configuration and operation of loading / unloading device)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the carry-in / out device 8 includes a mounting table 81, a pair of link mechanisms 82, a pair of guide bars 83, a pair of drive mechanisms 84, and the like. In FIG. 2, the right drive mechanism 84 is not shown because it is hidden by the cradle 72.
The mounting table 81 includes a plate-like member 81b provided with a rectangular hole 81a, a pair of sliding members 81c for fixing and supporting both ends of the plate-like member 81b, and the like so that the workpiece W can be placed thereon. Composed. The mounting table 81 has a lower rigidity than that of the table 6. Therefore, the mounting table 81 is formed in an area smaller than the area occupied by the table 6. That is, the mounting table 81 is formed smaller than the table 6.

  The hole 81a of the plate-like member 81b has a pair of first jigs 9 of the jig 9 in the bore Wb (see FIG. 9) of the workpiece W when the mounting table 81 on which the workpiece W is placed is lowered. It is provided for passing the second clampers 9b, 9c. The mounting table 81 is lowered and a fixing position (in this example, the lowermost position) where the workpiece W can be fixed by the jig 9 and the mounting table 81 is raised and the workpiece W is carried into the mounting table 81. A mechanical or optical descending detection sensor 81sd and an ascending detection sensor 81su (see FIG. 4) for detecting a loading / unloading position (in this example, the uppermost position) that can be unloaded are provided in the cradle 72.

  The sliding member 81 c is provided with a ball-type guide bush 81 d slidable along the guide bar 83. Even if the pair of sliding members 81c to which the plate-like member 81b is fixedly supported is inclined when sliding along the two pairs of guide bars 83 by the pair of drive mechanisms 84, the balls of the guide bush 81d roll. Since the tilt is absorbed by the elastic deformation, the mounting table 81 can be moved up and down stably. The sliding member 81c is provided with a mechanical or optical placement detection sensor 81s (see FIG. 4) that detects that the workpiece W is placed.

  The link mechanism 82 is configured in a pantograph shape in which the four links 82a, 82b, 82c, and 82d are diamond-shaped and each end is connected by four pins 82e, 82f, 82g, and 82h. The lower pin 82e is rotatably supported by a support member 82s fixed to the cradle 72, and the upper pin 82h is rotatably supported by a sliding member 81c. A columnar cam 82t for operation projects from the approximate center of the two lower links 82a and 82b. The link mechanism 82 can expand the drive stroke of the drive mechanism 84 (cylinder stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 84a) to, for example, a lift stroke of 6 times, that is, the distance between the lower pin 82e and the cam 82t in the Z-axis direction, and the lower pin The ratio of the distance in the Z-axis direction between the pin 82h and the upper pin 82h is 1: 6. The pair of link mechanisms 82 are respectively arranged on both sides of the mounting table 81 and support the mounting table 81 so as to be movable up and down.

  The guide bar 83 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The pair of guide bars 83 are respectively arranged on both sides of the link mechanism 82, and both ends of each guide bar 83 are fixedly supported by the cradle 72 and guide the raising / lowering of the mounting table 81. Here, when each guide bar 83 is movable with respect to the cradle 72 and the mounting table 81 is moved up and down, the guide bar 83 protruding downward from the cradle 72 becomes longer as the lift stroke becomes longer. Therefore, since the guide bar 83 may interfere with the bed 2, the length of the lift stroke is restricted. However, since both ends of each guide bar 83 are fixedly supported by the cradle 72, the guide bar 83 and the bed 2 do not interfere with each other, and the length of the lift stroke is not restricted.

  Further, since both ends of each guide bar 83 are fixedly supported by the cradle 72, when it is necessary to replace the jig 9 depending on the shape of the workpiece W, the guide bar 83 is not required to be centered, which improves work efficiency. Improvements can be made. Further, by inserting and fixing a block member serving as a spacer on the lower end side of each guide bar 83, positioning and fixing with respect to the workpieces W having different heights can be performed. In the present embodiment, the pair of guide bars 83 are disposed on both sides of the pair of link mechanisms 82, but may be configured on both sides of the one link mechanism 82. Further, although both ends of each guide bar 83 are fixedly supported on the cradle 72, a lower end of each guide bar 83 may be fixedly supported on the jig 9.

  The drive mechanism 84 includes a hydraulic cylinder 84a and a cam follower 84b in which a groove 84t in which the cam 82t can slide is formed. The hydraulic cylinder 84a is fixed to the inner wall of the cradle 72 between the cradle 72 and the link mechanism 82 so that the cylinder rod 84c faces downward. The cam follower 84b is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is fixed to the tip of the cylinder rod 84c. The groove 84t is formed in an oval shape extending in the X-axis direction. The pair of drive mechanisms 84 are configured to be able to move up and down the mounting table 81 by causing the pair of link mechanisms 82 to operate synchronously. Since the drive mechanism 84 having such a configuration can be disposed within the rhombus of the link mechanism 82, a limited space can be used effectively, and the carry-in / out device 8 can be downsized.

  In the loading / unloading device 8 having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 7, when the cylinder rod 84c of the hydraulic cylinder 84a moves upward (shrinks), the cam 82t moves closer to the center in the groove 84t of the cam follower 84b. The two links 82a and 82b below the link mechanism 82 and the two links 82c and 82d above the link mechanism 82 close to each other and extend upward, so that the mounting table 81 is positioned at the raised loading / unloading position. . Further, as shown in FIG. 8, when the cylinder rod 84c of the hydraulic cylinder 84a moves downward (extends), the cam 82t is positioned on both outer sides in the groove 84t of the cam follower 84b, and below the link mechanism 82. Since the two links 82a and 82b and the upper two links 82c and 82d are opened to each other and contracted downward, the mounting table 81 is positioned at the lowered fixed position.

(Jig mechanical structure and operation)
As shown in FIG. 2, the jig 9 includes a pedestal 9a, a pair of first clampers 9b provided with an unillustrated oil passage, and a pair of second clampers 9c provided with an unillustrated oil passage. Etc.
The base 9 a is formed in a rectangular plate shape, and both ends are fixed to the bottoms of the pair of cradle 72. On the pedestal 9a, a first clamper 9b, a second clamper 9c, a second clamper 9c, and a first clamper 9b are provided at predetermined intervals in the Y-axis direction.

  Each first clamper 9b is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be inserted into the bore Wb of the workpiece W, and three claw portions 9d that can protrude in the horizontal direction by hydraulic pressure are formed on the upper peripheral surface of each first clamper 9b. Provided at equiangular intervals. Each first clamper 9b is inserted into the bore Wb of the workpiece W, and the three claw portions 9d protrude to press the inner wall of the bore Wb, thereby restricting the displacement of the workpiece W in the Y-axis direction. It is configured. Note that even if each first clamper 9b is provided with two claw portions 9d at intervals of 180 °, the positional deviation of the workpiece W in the Y-axis direction can be restricted.

  Each second clamper 9c is formed in a cylindrical shape that can be inserted into the bore Wb of the workpiece W, and one claw portion 9e that can protrude in the Y-axis direction by hydraulic pressure is formed on the upper peripheral surface of each second clamper 9c. Is provided. The claw portions 9e of the pair of second clampers 9c are opposed to each other with a predetermined interval. Each second clamper 9c is inserted into the bore Wb of the workpiece W, and the pair of claw portions 9e protrudes to hold the inner wall between the bores Wb from both sides, whereby the position of the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction is determined. The deviation is configured to be regulated.

  In the jig 9 having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 9, when the mounting table 81 of the loading / unloading device 8 is raised and positioned at the loading / unloading position, the first clamper 9b, the second clamper 9c, The second clamper 9c and the first clamper 9b are out of the bore Wb of the work W on the mounting table 81. As shown in FIG. 10, when the mounting table 81 of the loading / unloading device 8 is lowered and positioned at the fixed position, the first clamper 9b, the second clamper 9c, the second clamper 9c, and the first clamper 9b. Is in the bore Wb of the workpiece W on the mounting table 81. Then, the three claws 9d of each first clamper 9b protrude to press the inner wall of the bore Wb to restrict the positional deviation of the workpiece W in the Y-axis direction, and the pair of second clampers 9c The claw portion 9e protrudes and presses and holds the inner wall between the bores Wb from both sides to regulate the displacement of the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction.

(Configuration of control device)
As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 10 includes a machine tool control unit 11 (machining control device), a loading / unloading device control unit 12 (loading / unloading control device), and the like. The machine tool control unit 11 includes an X-axis drive control unit 111, a Y-axis drive control unit 112, a Z-axis drive control unit 113, an A-axis drive control unit 114, a main shaft drive control unit 115, and a conveyor control unit 116. And a processing control unit 117 and the like. The carry-in / out device control unit 12 includes a workpiece detection unit 121, an elevation detection unit 122, a mounting table elevation unit 123, a workpiece fixing unit 124, and the like. The machine tool control unit 11 is a numerical control (NC) device, and controls each of the units 111 to 117 based on commands of the NC program. The carry-in / out device control unit 12 is a programmable logic controller (PLC), and controls the units 121 to 124 based on ladder logic or the like.

  The X-axis drive control unit 111 is connected to the X-axis motor 33 and drives and controls the saddle 3 together with the headstock 4 in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive control unit 112 is connected to Y-axis motors 63 and 63, and drives and controls the table 6 in the Y-axis direction. The Z-axis drive control unit 113 is connected to the Z-axis motor 43 and drives and controls the headstock 4 in the Z-axis direction. The A-axis drive control unit 114 is connected to the A-axis motor 73 and rotates (swings) the cradle 72 around the A-axis. The spindle drive control unit 115 is connected to the spindle motor 44 and rotates the spindle 40 around the Z axis.

  The machining control unit 117 confirms that the workpiece W is positioned and fixed to the jig 9 by a positioning and fixing signal of the workpiece W from the carry-in / out device control unit 12, and drives and controls the spindle motor 44 and the like. The rotary tool T is rotated around the Z-axis, and the X-axis motor 33, Y-axis motors 63 and 63, the Z-axis motor 43, the A-axis motor 73, and the like are driven and controlled. Is relatively moved in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and the workpiece W is controlled by relative rotation about the A-axis.

The workpiece detection unit 121 detects that the workpiece W has been mounted on the mounting table 81 and that the workpiece W has been removed from the mounting table 81 by a sensor signal from the mounting detection sensor 81s. To do.
The raising / lowering detection unit 122 detects that the mounting table 81 has reached the fixed position where the mounting table 81 has been lowered most by a sensor signal from the lowering detection sensor 81sd, and detects that the mounting table 81 has reached the highest loading / unloading position. It is detected by a sensor signal from the sensor 81su.

  The mounting table elevating unit 123 confirms that the workpiece W has been mounted on the plate-like member 81b by a detection signal from the workpiece detecting unit 121, and the hydraulic cylinder 84a of the drive mechanism 84 of the loading / unloading device 8. The cylinder rod 84c of the hydraulic cylinder 84a is extended, and the cam 82t is slid in the X-axis direction in the groove 84t of the cam follower 84b, thereby operating the link mechanism 82 and lowering the mounting table 81. . Further, the mounting table elevating unit 123 confirms that the mounting table 81 has reached the fixed position where it is lowered most, by the detection signal from the elevating detection unit 122, and stops the hydraulic control on the hydraulic cylinder 84a.

  Further, the mounting table elevating unit 123 confirms that the positioning and fixing of the workpiece W has been released by a signal for releasing the positioning and fixing of the workpiece W from the workpiece fixing unit 124, and drives the loading / unloading device 8. Hydraulic control is performed on the hydraulic cylinder 84a of the mechanism 84, the cylinder rod 84c of the hydraulic cylinder 84a is shortened, and the cam 82t is slid in the X-axis direction in the groove 84t of the cam follower 84b, thereby operating the link mechanism 82. The mounting table 81 is raised. In addition, the mounting table elevating unit 123 confirms that the mounting table 81 has reached the highest loading / unloading position based on the detection signal from the elevating detection unit 122, and stops the hydraulic control for the hydraulic cylinder 84a.

  The workpiece fixing unit 124 confirms that the mounting table 81 has reached the lowest fixed position by a detection signal from the elevation detection unit 122, and hydraulically applies to the first and second clampers 9b and 9c of the jig 9. Control is performed and the workpieces W are positioned and fixed by protruding the claw portions 9d and 9e. Further, the workpiece fixing unit 124 confirms that the processing of the workpiece W has been completed by a processing completion signal from the processing control unit 125, and hydraulically applies to the first and second clampers 9 b and 9 c of the jig 9. Control is performed, and the claw portions 9d and 9e are retracted to release the positioning and fixing of the workpiece W.

(Control action by controller)
Next, the control operation by the control device 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Here, in the initial state, as shown in the state (a) of FIG. 6A, the mounting table 81 of the loading / unloading device 8 is positioned at the highest loading / unloading position, and the saddle 3, the headstock 4, the table 6, and The tilt device 7 is positioned at a predetermined origin position.

  When the carry-in / out device control unit 12 determines that the workpiece W conveyed by the conveyor device 20 has been carried onto the mounting table 81 as shown in the state (b) of FIG. 6A (step S1: FIG. 5). Yes), the mounting table 81 is lowered (step S2 in FIG. 5). Specifically, the workpiece detection unit 121 detects that the workpiece W is mounted on the mounting table 81 based on a sensor signal from the mounting detection sensor 81s. Then, when receiving the detection signal from the workpiece detection unit 121, the mounting table elevating unit 123 performs hydraulic control on the hydraulic cylinder 84a of the drive mechanism 84, extends the cylinder rod 84c of the hydraulic cylinder 84a, and grooves in the cam follower 84b. At 84t, the cam 82t is slid outward in both directions to open the link mechanism 82 and lower the mounting table 81.

  Then, the loading / unloading device control unit 12 determines whether or not the mounting table 81 has reached the lowest fixed position (step S3 in FIG. 5), and as illustrated in the state (c) in FIG. 6A, When 81 reaches the fixed position (step S3 in FIG. 5: Yes), the jig 9 is operated to position and fix the workpiece W to the jig 9 (step S4 in FIG. 5). Specifically, the elevation detection unit 122 detects that the mounting table 81 has reached the lowest lowered position by the sensor signal from the lowering detection sensor 81sd. Then, when the mounting table lifting / lowering unit 123 confirms that the mounting table 81 has reached the fixed position based on the detection signal from the lifting / lowering detection unit 122, the mounting table lifting / lowering unit 123 stops the hydraulic control on the hydraulic cylinder 84a. Then, the workpiece fixing portion 124 performs hydraulic control on the first and second clampers 9b and 9c of the jig 9, and protrudes the claw portions 9d and 9e to position and fix the workpiece W.

  Then, the carry-in / out device controller 12 outputs a machining command for the workpiece W to the machine tool controller 11. When the machining command for the workpiece W is input from the loading / unloading device control unit 12, the machine tool control unit 11 controls the machining of the workpiece W as shown in the state (d) of FIG. 6A (FIG. 5). Steps S5 and S6). Specifically, the machining control unit 117 drives and controls the spindle motor 44 after confirming that the workpiece W is positioned and fixed by the positioning and fixing signal of the workpiece W from the workpiece fixing unit 124. The rotary tool T is rotated around the Z axis, and the X-axis motor 33, the Y-axis motors 63 and 63, and the Z-axis motor 43 are driven to control the workpiece W and the rotary tool T in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, Relative movement in the Z-axis direction is performed, and the machining of the workpiece W is controlled by driving and controlling the A-axis motor 73 to relatively rotate the workpiece W and the rotary tool T around the A-axis.

  When the machine tool control unit 11 determines that the machining of the workpiece W has been completed (step S6 in FIG. 5: Yes), it outputs a machining completion signal for the workpiece W to the carry-in / out device control unit 12. . The carry-in / out device controller 12 operates the jig 9 by operating the jig 9 as shown in the state (e) of FIG. 6A when the machining completion signal of the workpiece W is input from the machine tool controller 11. The positioning and fixing with respect to the jig 9 is released (step S7 in FIG. 5), and the mounting table 81 is raised (step S8 in FIG. 5). Specifically, when the workpiece fixing unit 124 confirms that the machining of the workpiece W is completed by the machining completion signal from the machining control unit 117, the first and second clampers 9b, Hydraulic control is performed on 9c, and the claw portions 9d and 9e are retracted to release the positioning and fixing of the workpiece W. Then, when receiving a release signal for positioning and fixing the workpiece W from the workpiece fixing portion 124, the mounting table elevating / lowering portion 123 performs hydraulic control on the hydraulic cylinder 84a of the drive mechanism 84, and the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 84a. 84c is shortened, and the cam 82t is slid in both directions in the groove 84t of the cam follower 84b, thereby closing the link mechanism 82 and raising the mounting table 81.

  Then, the loading / unloading device control unit 12 determines whether or not the mounting table 81 has reached the highest loading / unloading position (step S9 in FIG. 5), and as shown in the state (f) in FIG. 6A, When the table 81 reaches the loading / unloading position (step S9 in FIG. 5: Yes), the workpiece W is unloaded onto the conveyor device 20 as shown in the state (g) of FIG. 6A. Specifically, the elevation detection unit 122 detects that the mounting table 81 has reached the highest loading / unloading position based on a sensor signal from the elevation detection sensor 81su. Then, when the mounting table elevating unit 123 confirms that the mounting table 81 has reached the carry-in / out position based on the detection signal from the elevating detection unit 122, the mounting table elevating unit 123 stops the hydraulic control on the hydraulic cylinder 84a. And the carrying in / out apparatus control part 12 confirms the presence or absence of the next workpiece W (step S10 of FIG. 5), and when there exists the next workpiece W, it returns to step S1 and repeats the above-mentioned process, When there is no next workpiece W, all the processes are ended.

(effect)
The machine tool 1 according to the above-described embodiment includes a bed 2, a spindle stock 4 provided on the bed 2 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, and a spindle 40 provided on the spindle stock 4 and on which a rotary tool T for processing can be mounted. And a column 5 erected on the bed 2 in the vertical direction, and the workpiece W is held when machining, and the workpiece 5 is machined by the rotary tool T in the vertical direction. And a table 6 that is movably supported. Furthermore, the workpiece W is placed and supported so as to be movable in the same direction as the movement direction of the table 6 with respect to the column 5, and the workpiece W is transported between the predetermined loading / unloading position and the table 6 by the movement. Possible mounting table 81.
Thereby, the required amount of the vertical movement stroke of the table 6 can be reduced by the amount of movement of the mounting table 81.

The machine tool 1 according to the embodiment operates the mounting table 81 in a state where the table 6 is positioned on the column 5 when the workpiece W is transported between the predetermined loading / unloading position and the table 6. The operations of the headstock 4, the main shaft 40, and the table 6 in a state in which the loading table 81 is positioned on the table 6 when the workpiece loading / unloading device control unit (loading / unloading control device) 12 is processed and the workpiece W is processed. And a processing device control unit (processing control device) 11 for controlling.
In the conventional machine tool, the workpiece W is carried in and out and the machining of the workpiece W is controlled by moving the table. For example, when a clamping error occurs when the workpiece W is carried into the table, There is a problem that workability when eliminating a clamping mistake is not good.

  That is, in the conventional machine tool, although the workpiece W is in an unclamped state with respect to the table, the table must be returned to the origin position, and the return operation becomes complicated. Since the NC program has already been processed, it is very difficult to analyze the NC program and identify the cause of the occurrence of a clamping error. However, in the machine tool 1 of this embodiment, since it is divided into the carry-in / out device control unit 12 and the machine tool control unit 11, the cause of the clamping error is identified by analyzing the ladder logic in the carry-in / out device control unit 12. It's easy to do. Therefore, workability when eliminating the clamping mistake is good.

  In addition, the machine tool 1 of the embodiment has a loading / unloading device control unit (loading / unloading control) that controls the operation of the mounting table 81 when the workpiece W is transported between a predetermined loading / unloading position and the table 6. (Device) 12 and the operation of the mounting table 81, the operation of the table 6 with respect to the column 5 is controlled, and the work table W is positioned on the table 6 when the workpiece W is processed. A machining device control unit (machining control device) 11 that controls the operations of the spindle 40 and the table 6 may be provided.

  That is, in the machine tool 1 described in the present embodiment, the lifting operation in the Y-axis direction of the mounting table 81 by the loading / unloading device 8 and the movement operation in the Y-axis direction of the table 6 by the Y-axis motors 63 and 63 are different. However, the machine tool control unit 11 controls the operation of the table 6 during the operation control of the loading / unloading device 8 by the loading / unloading device control unit 12 to control the workpiece W with respect to the loading / unloading device 8. You may be made to assist in carrying in and out. Thereby, cycle time, such as carrying in / out of the workpiece W and machining, is shortened.

The mounting table 81 is provided on the table 6 and is formed in an area smaller than the area occupied by the table 6. That is, the mounting table 81 is formed smaller than the table 6. Accordingly, when the workpiece W is transported between the loading / unloading position and the table 6, the space for the machine tool 1 can be saved by using the mounting table 81.
Further, in the machine tool 1 of the embodiment, the work table W is carried out by moving the mounting table 81 up and down, but in the conventional machine tool, the table W is moved and the work piece W is carried out. For this reason, when the table includes a tilt device, the operation cycle time of the conventional machine tool is longer than the operation cycle time of the machine tool 1 of the embodiment. FIG. 6B shows this detail corresponding to FIG. 6A. Will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the initial state, as shown in state (a) of FIG. 6B, the table 60 of the conventional machine tool is positioned at a predetermined origin position. As shown in the state (b) of FIG. 6B, when the workpiece W is conveyed by the conveyor device 20, the table 60 is raised and the workpiece is moved to the table 60 as shown in the state (c) of FIG. 6B. W is carried in. When the table 60 is lowered to the machining position as shown in the state (d) of FIG. 6B, the machining of the workpiece W is controlled as shown in the state (e) of FIG. 6B. When the processing of the workpiece W is completed, the table 60 is raised to the loading / unloading position as shown in the state (f) of FIG. 6B, and the workpiece W is transferred to the conveyor as shown in the state (g) of FIG. 6B. It is carried out to the apparatus 20. Then, as shown in the state (h) of FIG. 6B, the table 60 is lowered to the origin position and is put on standby.

  As apparent from FIGS. 6A and 6B, in the machine tool 1 of the embodiment, the workpiece W is carried out to the conveyor device 20 without being affected by the tilt device 7, and the next workpiece W is transferred from the conveyor device 20. Can be brought in. In the conventional machine tool structure, when the table is raised to the vicinity of the conveyor, the workpiece W to be processed next due to being blocked by the side wall of the tilt device cannot move to the upper side of the table. For this reason, after the workpiece W is carried out to the conveyor device 20, the table 60 is lowered to release the tilt device 70 from the conveyor device 20, and after the next workpiece W is conveyed, the table 60 is raised to the next. Must be carried in from the conveyor device 20. Therefore, the operation cycle time of the machine tool 1 of the embodiment is shortened compared to the operation cycle time of the conventional machine tool.

(Other)
In the embodiment described above, the carry-in / out device 8 is provided on the table 6, but may be provided on, for example, the leg 51 of the column 5 outside the table 6.
In the above-described embodiment, the carry-in / out device 8 has a lifting structure using a pantograph-type link. However, a lifting structure using a cam or a lifting structure using a linear cylinder may be used. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11A, the cam raising / lowering structure is provided with a guide bar 123 that guides the mounting table 81 in the Y-axis direction on the jig 9. A cam 121 that contacts the lower surface side of the mounting table 81 and moves the mounting table 81 in the Y-axis direction along the guide bar 123 and a motor 122 that rotates the cam 121 are provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 11B, the elevating structure using the linear motion cylinder is fixed to the lower surface side of the mounting table 81, and an air cylinder 124 having a rod 124 a that moves the mounting table 81 in the Y axis direction along the guide bar 123. Is provided.

  1: Machine tool, 2: Bed, 3: Saddle, 4: Spindle table, 40: Spindle, 5: Column, 6: Table, 8: Loading / unloading device, 10: Control device, 11: Machine tool controller (machining control) Device), 12: loading / unloading device controller (loading / unloading control device), 81: mounting table, W: workpiece

Claims (4)

Bed and
A headstock provided on the bed so as to be movable in a horizontal direction;
A spindle provided on the spindle table and capable of mounting a rotary tool for machining;
A column erected vertically on the bed;
A table that holds the workpiece when machining, and is supported by the column so as to be movable in the vertical direction when machining the workpiece by the rotary tool;
The workpiece is placed and supported so as to be movable in the same direction as the table relative to the column, and the workpiece can be transferred between a predetermined loading / unloading position and the table by the movement. A mounting table;
A machine tool. The machine tool is
A loading / unloading control device for controlling the operation of the mounting table in a state where the table is positioned on the column when the workpiece is transported between the predetermined loading / unloading position and the table;
When processing the workpiece, in a state where the mounting table is positioned on the table, a processing control device for controlling the operation of the spindle table, the spindle and the table;
The machine tool according to claim 1, comprising: The machine tool is
A loading / unloading control device that controls the operation of the mounting table when transporting the workpiece between the predetermined loading / unloading position and the table;
The operation of the table with respect to the column is controlled simultaneously with the operation of the mounting table, and when the workpiece is processed, the spindle table, the spindle, and the spindle in the state where the mounting table is positioned on the table A processing control device for controlling the operation of the table;
The machine tool according to claim 1, comprising:   The machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mounting table is provided in the table and formed in an area smaller than an area occupied by the table.

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