JP2016118032A - Outer wall fire resistance structure - Google Patents

Outer wall fire resistance structure Download PDF

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JP2016118032A
JP2016118032A JP2014257491A JP2014257491A JP2016118032A JP 2016118032 A JP2016118032 A JP 2016118032A JP 2014257491 A JP2014257491 A JP 2014257491A JP 2014257491 A JP2014257491 A JP 2014257491A JP 2016118032 A JP2016118032 A JP 2016118032A
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inorganic
inorganic plate
wall
layer
gas
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JP6063917B2 (en
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悠樹 西岡
Yuki Nishioka
悠樹 西岡
崇 石田
Takashi Ishida
崇 石田
川邊　伸夫
Nobuo Kawabe
伸夫 川邊
鈴木　康雄
Yasuo Suzuki
康雄 鈴木
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Daiken Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fire resistance structure for an outer wall W of a building which uses an inorganic material to stably secure sufficient fire resistance for a long period of time and to enhance workability through weight saving of the material.SOLUTION: Inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 constructed by arranging a plurality of inorganic plates 6 and 6, which include an inorganic material, next to each other along a wall surface are laminated in two layers in a wall thickness direction. A joint 7 between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 in an outer inorganic plate layer 5 is shifted in a direction along a wall surface with respect to the joint 7 between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 in an inner inorganic plate layer 4. Each inorganic plate 6 has a gas shielding layer 9, on an outer surface thereof, made of a film of a nonflammable coating material which shields gas.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、外壁に設けられる耐火構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a fireproof structure provided on an outer wall.

都市部の建物が密集する地域では、火災が発生すれば延焼によって大きな被害が生じる可能性が高く、このような地域は防火地域や準防火地域とされ、建物はその階数や延べ面積に応じて要求される耐火性能を備えた基準による建築が義務付けられている。   In areas where urban buildings are densely populated, there is a high possibility that a fire will cause a great deal of damage due to the spread of fire. Such areas are designated as fire prevention areas or semi-fire prevention areas. Construction based on standards with the required fire resistance is required.

耐火構造を有する外壁構造として、鉄骨下地に木毛セメント板及び石膏ボードを積層した構造が知られている。一般的に、耐火性能は材料の重量及び厚さに比例して高くなるので、厚さ２５ｍｍの木毛セメント板及び４２ｍｍの石膏ボードを用いると、耐火性能が上昇する。しかし、その反面、このような厚さの木毛セメント板や石膏ボードの重量が増大するので、施工性が悪くなる。   As an outer wall structure having a fireproof structure, a structure in which a wood cement board and a gypsum board are laminated on a steel base is known. In general, the fire resistance is increased in proportion to the weight and thickness of the material. Therefore, the use of a 25 mm thick wood cement board and 42 mm gypsum board increases the fire resistance. However, on the other hand, the weight of such a wood wool cement board or gypsum board increases, so the workability deteriorates.

また、セメント系や珪酸カルシウム系の耐火材料は、自由水や結合水等の水分を多量に保持しており、加熱状態になると、この水分に起因して割れが発生することがあり、火災の際に可燃性の気体がその割れを通って屋内側に流入し、耐火性の悪化を招く。   In addition, cement-based and calcium silicate-based refractory materials retain a large amount of moisture such as free water and bound water, and when heated, cracks may occur due to this moisture. At that time, flammable gas flows into the indoor side through the cracks, causing deterioration of fire resistance.

他方、特許文献１に示すように、石膏ボード（又は木毛セメント板）の屋外側にフェノールフォームを積層し、そのフェノールフォームの外側に金属外装板を当接させてビス止めした耐火性外壁構造が提案されている。   On the other hand, as shown in Patent Document 1, a fireproof outer wall structure in which phenol foam is laminated on the outdoor side of a gypsum board (or wood cement board), and a metal exterior plate is brought into contact with the outside of the phenol foam to be screwed. Has been proposed.

特開２０１１−１４０８３４号公報JP 2011-140834 A

この提案のものでは、フェノールフォームの使用によって軽量化が図られるものの、そのフェノールフォームは有機材料であるので、火災時の熱に弱くて劣化するだけでなく、経年変化に伴う劣化も避けられないという問題がある。   In this proposal, although the weight is reduced by using phenol foam, since the phenol foam is an organic material, it is not only weak against heat at the time of fire but also deteriorated due to aging. There is a problem.

本発明は斯かる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、外壁の耐火構造に改良を加えることにより、その耐火構造の十分な耐火性を長期間に亘り安定して確保するとともに、材料の軽量化によって施工性を高めようとすることにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and the purpose thereof is to improve the fire resistance structure of the outer wall, thereby ensuring sufficient fire resistance of the fire resistance structure over a long period of time, and The purpose is to improve workability by reducing the weight of the material.

上記の目的を達成すべく、この発明では、無機材料を使用した複数枚の無機板を外壁壁面に沿って並べ、その各無機板の少なくとも片面に気体遮蔽層を形成するようにした。   In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a plurality of inorganic plates using inorganic materials are arranged along the wall surface of the outer wall, and a gas shielding layer is formed on at least one side of each inorganic plate.

具体的には、第１の発明は、建物の外壁に設けられる耐火構造であって、無機質材料を含む複数枚の無機板を互いに突き合わして壁面に沿って並べてなる無機板層を備え、上記各無機板の外面及び内面の少なくとも一方に気体を遮蔽する気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする。   Specifically, the first invention is a fireproof structure provided on the outer wall of a building, comprising a plurality of inorganic plates containing an inorganic material, and a plurality of inorganic plates arranged side by side along the wall surface, A gas shielding layer for shielding gas is provided on at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface of each inorganic plate.

この第１の発明では、建物の外壁に設けられる耐火構造は、複数枚の無機板を互いに突き合わして並べた無機板層を備えた構造であり、その無機板が軽量であるので、施工性を高めることができる。しかも、無機板自体の耐火性能が高いので、その厚さを薄くすることができ、薄い無機板を用いることによって施工性をさらに高めることができる。   In the first invention, the fireproof structure provided on the outer wall of the building is a structure including an inorganic plate layer in which a plurality of inorganic plates are arranged to face each other, and the inorganic plate is lightweight. Can be increased. Moreover, since the fire resistance of the inorganic plate itself is high, its thickness can be reduced, and the workability can be further enhanced by using a thin inorganic plate.

さらに、各無機板の外面及び内面の少なくとも一方に気体遮蔽層が設けられているので、火災時の高温のガス（気体）が無機板を通して屋内側に流入しようとしてもそれは気体遮蔽層によって遮蔽されるようになり、耐火性能を高めることができる。   Furthermore, since a gas shielding layer is provided on at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface of each inorganic plate, even if a high-temperature gas (gas) at the time of a fire flows into the indoor side through the inorganic plate, it is shielded by the gas shielding layer. And fire resistance can be improved.

また、無機板は有機材料とは異なり、火災時の熱劣化や経年劣化が生じることもなく、また、無機板には自由水や結合水が殆ど含まれていないので、その無機板が火災時の熱によって割れることもない。よって十分な耐火性を長期間に亘り安定して確保することができる。   In addition, unlike organic materials, inorganic plates do not experience thermal or aging deterioration during a fire, and inorganic plates contain almost no free water or bound water. It will not be broken by heat. Therefore, sufficient fire resistance can be secured stably over a long period of time.

第２の発明は、第１の発明において、上記無機板層は壁厚さ方向に２層以上積層されており、壁厚さ方向に隣接する無機板層の一方における無機板同士の突き合わせ部分に位置する継ぎ目は、他方の無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目に対し壁面に沿った方向に位置ずれしていることを特徴とする。   According to a second invention, in the first invention, two or more of the inorganic plate layers are laminated in the wall thickness direction, and the butt portion between the inorganic plates in one of the inorganic plate layers adjacent in the wall thickness direction is used. The located seam is shifted in the direction along the wall surface with respect to the joint between the inorganic plates in the other inorganic plate layer.

この第２の発明では、耐火構造は、複数枚の無機板を互いに突き合わして並べた無機板層が壁厚さ方向に２層以上積層された構造であり、その壁厚さ方向に隣接する一方の無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目が、他方の無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目に対し壁面に沿った方向に位置ずれしているので、仮に屋外側の無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目に火災時の高温のガスが進入しても、そのガスは同継ぎ目に面する屋内側の無機板層によって遮蔽され、それ以上の進入が阻止される。このことによって耐火性能をさらに高めることができる。   In the second invention, the fireproof structure is a structure in which two or more inorganic plate layers in which a plurality of inorganic plates are arranged to face each other are stacked in the wall thickness direction, and are adjacent to each other in the wall thickness direction. Since the joint between the inorganic plates in one inorganic plate layer is displaced in the direction along the wall surface with respect to the joint between the inorganic plates in the other inorganic plate layer, the inorganic plates in the inorganic plate layer on the outdoor side temporarily Even if a high-temperature gas at the time of fire enters the joint, the gas is shielded by the indoor inorganic plate layer facing the joint, and further entry is prevented. This can further enhance the fire resistance.

第３の発明は、第１又は第２の発明において、上記気体遮蔽層は、無機物を主成分とする不燃性塗料であることを特徴とする。   A third invention is characterized in that, in the first or second invention, the gas shielding layer is a non-combustible paint mainly composed of an inorganic substance.

この第３の発明では、気体遮蔽層となる不燃性塗料は耐熱性があり、火災の炎に曝される部分にも使用することができる。   In this 3rd invention, the nonflammable coating material used as a gas shielding layer has heat resistance, and can be used also for the part exposed to the flame of a fire.

第４の発明は、第１〜第３の発明のいずれか１つにおいて、各無機板の外面に気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする。   According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, a gas shielding layer is provided on an outer surface of each inorganic plate.

この第４の発明では、各無機板の外面に気体遮蔽層が設けられているので、屋外側から無機板を通ろうとする高温のガスを通過前に遮蔽することができる。   In this 4th invention, since the gas shielding layer is provided in the outer surface of each inorganic board, the high temperature gas which tries to pass an inorganic board from the outdoor side can be shielded before passage.

第５の発明は、第１〜第４の発明のいずれか１つにおいて、各無機板において無機板層間の積層面に相当する面に気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする。   According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, a gas shielding layer is provided on a surface corresponding to a laminated surface between the inorganic plate layers in each inorganic plate.

この第５の発明では、各無機板における無機板層間の積層面に相当する面に気体遮蔽層が設けられているので、屋外側の無機板層の無機板間の継ぎ目から流入して屋内側の無機板層の無機板により遮蔽された可燃性ガスが、仮に壁面に沿った方向に移動しようとしても、そのガスは、屋内側及び屋外側の無機板層の間の積層面に設けられている気体遮蔽層によって遮蔽され、そこから屋内側に進入することが阻止され、よって耐火性能を高めることができる。   In this fifth invention, since the gas shielding layer is provided on the surface corresponding to the laminated surface between the inorganic plate layers in each inorganic plate, it flows in from the joint between the inorganic plates of the inorganic plate layer on the outdoor side and enters the indoor side Even if the combustible gas shielded by the inorganic plate of the inorganic plate layer tries to move in the direction along the wall surface, the gas is provided on the laminated surface between the indoor and outdoor inorganic plate layers. It is shielded by the gas shielding layer, and is prevented from entering the indoor side from there, and thus fire resistance can be improved.

以上説明したように、本発明の外壁の耐火構造によると、複数枚の無機板が互いに突き合わされて壁面に沿って並べられた無機板層を備え、各無機板の外面及び内面の少なくとも一方に気体遮蔽層を設けたことにより、軽量の薄い無機板により施工性を高めることができる。また、火災時の高温のガスが無機板を通して屋外側に流入するのを気体遮蔽層によって遮蔽するとともに、火災時の熱劣化や経年劣化を回避することができ、これらによって耐火性能を長期間に亘り安定して確保することができる。   As described above, according to the fireproof structure of the outer wall of the present invention, a plurality of inorganic plates are provided with inorganic plate layers that are abutted against each other and arranged along the wall surface, and at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface of each inorganic plate. By providing the gas shielding layer, the workability can be enhanced by a lightweight thin inorganic plate. In addition, the gas shielding layer prevents the high temperature gas in the fire from flowing into the outdoor side through the inorganic plate, and it can prevent thermal degradation and aging degradation in the fire, which makes fireproof performance longer. It can be ensured stably.

図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る外壁の耐火構造を分解して示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a fireproof structure of an outer wall according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、外壁の耐火構造の水平断面図である。FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the fireproof structure of the outer wall. 図３は、内側無機板層及び外側無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目の位置ずれ状態を概略的に示す正面図である。FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing a misalignment state of seams between inorganic plates in the inner inorganic plate layer and the outer inorganic plate layer.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。以下の実施形態の説明は、本質的に例示に過ぎず、本発明、その適用物或いはその用途を制限することを意図するものでは全くない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of the embodiments is merely illustrative in nature and is not intended to limit the present invention, its application, or its use at all.

図１及び図２は、本発明の実施形態に係る外壁の耐火構造を示し、この耐火構造は建物の外壁Ｗに設けられる。外壁Ｗは、建物の骨組みをなす横胴縁１の屋外側に配置される石膏ボード２と、この石膏ボード２の屋外側に配置される無機板層４，５と、この無機板層４，５の屋外側に配置される防水材１２と、この防水材１２の屋外側に配置される金属外装材１３とを備え、これらは重ねられてビス（図示せず）により横胴縁１に取付固定されている。   FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the fireproof structure of the outer wall which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and this fireproof structure is provided in the outer wall W of a building. The outer wall W includes a gypsum board 2 disposed on the outdoor side of the horizontal trunk edge 1 forming the framework of the building, inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 disposed on the outdoor side of the gypsum board 2, and the inorganic plate layers 4 and 4 5 is provided with a waterproofing member 12 disposed on the outdoor side and a metal exterior member 13 disposed on the outdoor side of the waterproofing member 12, which are overlapped and attached to the lateral trunk edge 1 with screws (not shown). It is fixed.

上記石膏ボード２は、例えば厚さ１２．５ｍｍの矩形板材からなる。   The gypsum board 2 is made of, for example, a rectangular plate having a thickness of 12.5 mm.

防水材１２は、例えばポリエチレン不織布からなる透湿性防水シートやアスファルト防水紙等からなる。   The waterproof material 12 is made of, for example, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet made of polyethylene nonwoven fabric or asphalt waterproof paper.

金属外装材１３は、例えば建物外壁用の角波形鋼板からなる。   The metal exterior material 13 is made of, for example, an angular corrugated steel plate for building outer walls.

無機板層４，５は、壁厚さ方向の略中央部に配置されて耐火構造の要部をなすものであり、内側無機板層４及び外側無機板層５の２層からなる。これら２層の無機板層４，５は互いに同じ構造であり、例えば矩形板状の複数枚の無機板６，６，…が周縁部で互いに突き合わされ、その突き合わせ部分を継ぎ目７とした状態で壁面に沿って並べられて形成されている。   The inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 are arranged at a substantially central portion in the wall thickness direction to form a main part of the fireproof structure, and are composed of two layers, the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the outer inorganic plate layer 5. These two inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 have the same structure. For example, a plurality of rectangular plate-like inorganic plates 6, 6,... They are arranged along the wall surface.

各無機板６は、無機質材料を含む板材であり、難燃性、準不燃性又は不燃性であればどのような板材でもよく、例えば火山性ガラス質複層板（大建工業（株）製の商品名「ダイライトＳＤ」等）やケイカル板等が用いられる。この無機板６は、例えば厚さが１２．５ｍｍで、比重が０．５〜０．９のものが用いられ、施工性及び熱を伝え難い点から比重の低いものが好ましい。   Each inorganic plate 6 is a plate material containing an inorganic material and may be any plate material as long as it is flame retardant, semi-incombustible or non-flammable, for example, a volcanic glassy multilayer board (manufactured by Daiken Kogyo Co., Ltd.). Product name “Dielight SD”, etc.) or a calcium plate or the like. The inorganic plate 6 has a thickness of 12.5 mm and a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.9, for example, and preferably has a low specific gravity from the viewpoint of workability and difficulty in transferring heat.

そして、図３に例示するように、内側無機板層４における無機板６，６同士の突き合わせ部分に位置する継ぎ目７と、この内側無機板層４の壁厚さ方向外側に隣接する外側無機板層５における無機板６，６同士の突き合わせ部分に位置する継ぎ目７とは、壁面に沿った水平横方向（左右方向）に互いに位置ずれしており、両無機板層４，５を屋内側又は屋外側から見たときに、内側無機板層４（外側無機板層５）の無機板６，６同士の継ぎ目７は、基本的に外側無機板層５（内側無機板層４）の無機板６の左右中間部上に位置している。尚、図３では、無機板６，６，…を各々の横寸法の半分のずれ量だけずらしているが、このずれ量は変更してもよい。また、図３では、継ぎ目７の関係が明確になるように内側無機板層４及び外側無機板層５の各無機板６の１枚に斜線を加えている。無機板６の上下方向のずらしはなく、上下方向の目地については、例えばＴ型のジョイナーや、黒鉛含有セラミックファイバー等からなる目地テープを用いて目地を塞ぐことにより、高温ガス等の気体が遮蔽される。   Then, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the joint 7 located at the butt portion between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 in the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the outer inorganic plate adjacent to the outer side in the wall thickness direction of the inner inorganic plate layer 4. The seam 7 located at the butt portion between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 in the layer 5 is displaced from each other in the horizontal lateral direction (left and right direction) along the wall surface, and both the inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 are placed indoors or When viewed from the outdoor side, the joint 7 between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4 (outer inorganic plate layer 5) is basically an inorganic plate of the outer inorganic plate layer 5 (inner inorganic plate layer 4). 6 is located on the left and right middle part. In FIG. 3, the inorganic plates 6, 6,... Are shifted by a shift amount that is half of each horizontal dimension, but this shift amount may be changed. In FIG. 3, diagonal lines are added to one of the inorganic plates 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the outer inorganic plate layer 5 so that the relationship between the joints 7 becomes clear. There is no vertical displacement of the inorganic plate 6, and the joints in the vertical direction are shielded from gas such as high-temperature gas by closing the joints with joint tape made of T-type joiner or graphite-containing ceramic fiber, for example. Is done.

さらに、内側無機板層４及び外側無機板層５における各無機板６の外面（屋外側の面）にそれぞれ気体遮蔽層９が一体的に設けられている。この内側無機板層４における各無機板６外面の気体遮蔽層９は、各無機板６において内外の無機板層４，５間の積層面に相当する面に設けられていることとなる。   Furthermore, the gas shielding layer 9 is integrally provided on the outer surface (outdoor surface) of each inorganic plate 6 in the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the outer inorganic plate layer 5. The gas shielding layer 9 on the outer surface of each inorganic plate 6 in the inner inorganic plate layer 4 is provided on the surface corresponding to the laminated surface between the inner and outer inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 in each inorganic plate 6.

この気体遮蔽層９は、例えば火災時に発生する高温の可燃性ガス等の気体が無機板層４，５や石膏ボード２を通過するのを遮蔽するためのものであり、例えば無機物を主成分とする不燃性塗料が用いられ、その塗料が塗布されて塗膜として形成される。この不燃性塗料は、例えば膨潤性の高い珪酸塩鉱物（バーミキュライトやベントナイト等）を主成分とし、アクリル樹脂やウレタン樹脂等で耐水性を持たせた塗料が好ましい。尚、気体遮蔽層９の透湿抵抗の一例を挙げると、不燃性塗料が塗布されていない火山性ガラス質複層板が０．０００９ｍ２・ｓ・Ｐａ／ｎｇに対して、塗布されたものは０．００３３ｍ２・ｓ・Ｐａ／ｎｇで、気体が透過し難いことを示している。 The gas shielding layer 9 is for shielding gas such as high-temperature combustible gas generated during a fire from passing through the inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 and the gypsum board 2, for example, an inorganic substance as a main component. Incombustible paint is used, and the paint is applied to form a coating film. The incombustible paint is preferably a paint mainly composed of highly swellable silicate mineral (vermiculite, bentonite, etc.) and water-resistant with acrylic resin, urethane resin, or the like. As an example of the moisture permeation resistance of the gas shielding layer 9, a volcanic glassy multilayer board not coated with a nonflammable coating is applied to 0.0009 m 2 · s · Pa / ng. Is 0.0033 m 2 · s · Pa / ng, indicating that gas is difficult to permeate.

したがって、この実施形態に係る外壁Ｗの耐火構造は、複数枚の無機板６，６，…を互いに突き合わして並べた無機板層４，５が壁厚さ方向に２層積層されたものであり、その各無機板６は軽量であるので、外壁Ｗの施工の際に軽量の無機板６の取り扱いが容易となり、施工性を高めることができる。しかも、無機板６自体の耐火性能が高いので、その厚さを薄くすることができ、薄い無機板６を用いることによって施工性をさらに高めることができる。   Therefore, the fireproof structure of the outer wall W according to this embodiment is a structure in which two inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 in which a plurality of inorganic plates 6, 6,. And since each inorganic board 6 is lightweight, handling of the lightweight inorganic board 6 becomes easy at the time of construction of the outer wall W, and workability can be improved. Moreover, since the fire resistance of the inorganic plate 6 itself is high, its thickness can be reduced, and the workability can be further enhanced by using the thin inorganic plate 6.

また、各無機板６の外面に気体遮蔽層９が不燃性塗料の塗膜として設けられているので、火災時の高温のガス（気体）が屋外側から無機板６及び石膏ボード２を通して屋内側に流入しようとしてもそれは無機板６を通る前に気体遮蔽層９によって遮蔽されるようになり、耐火構造の耐火性能を高めることができる。   Moreover, since the gas shielding layer 9 is provided on the outer surface of each inorganic board 6 as a coating film of incombustible paint, high-temperature gas (gas) at the time of a fire is indoors through the inorganic board 6 and the gypsum board 2 from the outdoor side. Even if it tries to flow in, it comes to be shielded by the gas shielding layer 9 before passing through the inorganic plate 6, and the fire resistance performance of the fireproof structure can be enhanced.

そして、２層の内側無機板層４及び外側無機板層５が壁厚さ方向に隣接し、内側無機板層４の無機板６，６同士の継ぎ目７と、外側無機板層５の無機板６，６同士の継ぎ目７とが互いに壁面に沿った方向に位置ずれしているので、仮に屋外側に位置する外側無機板層５における無機板６，６同士の継ぎ目７に火災時の高温のガスが進入しても、そのガスは同継ぎ目７に面する内側無機板層４の無機板６の中間部によって遮蔽されるようになり、それ以上の進入が阻止される。このことによって耐火構造の耐火性能をさらに高めることができる。   The two inner inorganic plate layers 4 and the outer inorganic plate layer 5 are adjacent to each other in the wall thickness direction, the joint 7 between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4, and the inorganic plate of the outer inorganic plate layer 5. Since the seams 7 between the 6 and 6 are displaced from each other in the direction along the wall surface, the joint 7 between the inorganic boards 6 and 6 in the outer inorganic board layer 5 located on the outdoor side temporarily has a high temperature during a fire. Even if the gas enters, the gas is shielded by the intermediate portion of the inorganic plate 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4 facing the joint 7, and further entry is prevented. This can further enhance the fire resistance of the fireproof structure.

そのとき、上記壁厚さ方向に隣接する内側無機板層４及び外側無機板層５の各々の無機板６，６間、つまり内側無機板層４の各無機板６の外面であって両無機板層４，５間の積層面に相当する面に気体遮蔽層９が設けられているので、屋外側の無機板層５の無機板６，６間の継ぎ目７から流入して内側無機板層４の無機板６により遮蔽された上記可燃性ガスが、仮に壁面に沿った方向に移動しようとしても、そのガスは、内側無機板層４との間の積層面に設けられている気体遮蔽層９によって遮蔽され、屋内側に進入することが阻止される。このことでも耐火性能を高めることができる。   At that time, between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the outer inorganic plate layer 5 adjacent to each other in the wall thickness direction, that is, the outer surface of each inorganic plate 6 of the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and both inorganic layers. Since the gas shielding layer 9 is provided on the surface corresponding to the laminated surface between the plate layers 4 and 5, the inner inorganic plate layer flows from the joint 7 between the inorganic plates 6 and 6 of the inorganic plate layer 5 on the outdoor side. Even if the flammable gas shielded by the inorganic plate 6 is about to move in the direction along the wall surface, the gas is provided on the laminated surface between the inner inorganic plate layer 4 and the gas shielding layer. It is blocked by 9 and is prevented from entering the indoor side. This also increases the fire resistance.

上記気体遮蔽層９は、無機物を主成分とする不燃性塗料であり、この不燃性塗料は耐熱性があるので、火災の炎に曝される部分にも使用することができる。   The gas shielding layer 9 is an incombustible paint mainly composed of an inorganic substance. Since the incombustible paint has heat resistance, the gas shielding layer 9 can also be used for a portion exposed to a fire flame.

また、無機板６は有機材料と異なり、火災時の熱劣化や経年劣化が生じることはなく、しかも、無機板６には自由水や結合水が殆ど含まれていないので、その無機板６が火災時の熱によって割れることもなく、よって、耐火構造が長期間に亘り安定して得られ、その信頼性を高めることができる。   In addition, unlike the organic material, the inorganic plate 6 does not cause thermal deterioration or aging deterioration during a fire, and the inorganic plate 6 contains almost no free water or combined water. It is not cracked by heat at the time of fire, and thus a fireproof structure can be obtained stably over a long period of time, and its reliability can be improved.

（その他の実施形態）
尚、上記実施形態では、無機板層４，５が壁厚さ方向に２層積層されているが、３層以上積層されていてもよい。或いは、無機板層は１層（上記実施形態の無機板層４，５の一方のみとする）であってもよい。１層の無機板層であっても、その各無機板６に設けられた気体遮蔽層９による高温ガスの遮蔽効果により耐火性能が得られるとともに、軽量で薄い無機板６による施工性の向上が図られる。 (Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, two inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 are laminated in the wall thickness direction, but three or more layers may be laminated. Alternatively, the inorganic plate layer may be a single layer (only one of the inorganic plate layers 4 and 5 in the above embodiment). Even in the case of a single inorganic plate layer, fire resistance is obtained by the shielding effect of high-temperature gas by the gas shielding layer 9 provided on each inorganic plate 6 and the workability is improved by the light and thin inorganic plate 6. Figured.

また、上記実施形態では、気体遮蔽層９が無機板６…の外面に設けられているが、無機板６の内面（屋内側の面）に設けられていてもよく、或いは無機板６の外面及び内面の両方に設けられていてもよい。要は、各無機板の外面及び内面の少なくとも一方に気体遮蔽層を設けて気体の通過を遮蔽するようにすればよい。   Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the gas shielding layer 9 is provided in the outer surface of the inorganic board 6 ..., you may be provided in the inner surface (indoor side surface) of the inorganic board 6, or the outer surface of the inorganic board 6 And may be provided on both the inner surface and the inner surface. In short, a gas shielding layer may be provided on at least one of the outer surface and inner surface of each inorganic plate to shield the passage of gas.

さらに、上記実施形態では、外壁Ｗの屋外側に金属外装材１３を配置しているが、窯業系サイディング、木材、モルタル、金属サイディングを有する外装材であってもよい。   Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the metal cladding | exterior_material 13 is arrange | positioned on the outdoor side of the outer wall W, the cladding | exterior_material which has ceramic siding, wood, mortar, and metal siding may be sufficient.

また、建物の構造が木造軸組構造、木造枠組構造、軽量又は重量の鉄骨構造であっても本発明を適用することができる。   Further, the present invention can be applied even if the structure of the building is a wooden frame structure, a wooden frame structure, or a lightweight or heavy steel structure.

本発明は、外壁の耐火構造に関して軽量の薄い無機板により施工性を高め、耐火性能の向上を図ることができるので、極めて有用である。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is extremely useful because the workability can be improved and the fire resistance can be improved with a lightweight thin inorganic plate with respect to the fire resistance structure of the outer wall.

Ｗ 外壁
２ 石膏ボード
４ 内側無機板層
５ 外側無機板層
６ 無機板
７ 継ぎ目
９ 気体遮蔽層 W outer wall 2 gypsum board 4 inner inorganic plate layer 5 outer inorganic plate layer 6 inorganic plate 7 seam 9 gas shielding layer

Claims (5)

建物の外壁に設けられる耐火構造であって、
無機質材料を含む複数枚の無機板を互いに突き合わして壁面に沿って並べてなる無機板層を備え、
上記各無機板の外面及び内面の少なくとも一方に気体を遮蔽する気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする外壁の耐火構造。 A fireproof structure on the outer wall of the building,
A plurality of inorganic plates including an inorganic material are abutted against each other and provided with an inorganic plate layer arranged along the wall surface,
A fireproof structure for an outer wall, wherein a gas shielding layer for shielding gas is provided on at least one of an outer surface and an inner surface of each inorganic plate. 請求項１において、
無機板層は壁厚さ方向に２層以上積層されており、
壁厚さ方向に隣接する無機板層の一方における無機板同士の突き合わせ部分に位置する継ぎ目は、他方の無機板層における無機板同士の継ぎ目に対し壁面に沿った方向に位置ずれしていることを特徴とする外壁の耐火構造。 In claim 1,
Two or more inorganic plate layers are laminated in the wall thickness direction,
The seam located at the abutting portion between the inorganic plates in one of the inorganic plate layers adjacent in the wall thickness direction is displaced in the direction along the wall surface with respect to the joint between the inorganic plates in the other inorganic plate layer. Fireproof structure of the outer wall characterized by 請求項１又は２において、
気体遮蔽層は、無機物を主成分とする不燃性塗料であることを特徴とする外壁の耐火構造。 In claim 1 or 2,
The fire barrier structure of the outer wall, wherein the gas shielding layer is an incombustible paint mainly composed of an inorganic substance. 請求項１〜３のいずれか１つにおいて、
各無機板の外面に気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする外壁の耐火構造。 In any one of Claims 1-3,
A fireproof structure of an outer wall, wherein a gas shielding layer is provided on the outer surface of each inorganic plate. 請求項１〜４のいずれか１つにおいて、
各無機板において無機板層間の積層面に相当する面に気体遮蔽層が設けられていることを特徴とする外壁の耐火構造。 In any one of Claims 1-4,
A fireproof structure for an outer wall, wherein a gas shielding layer is provided on a surface corresponding to a laminated surface between inorganic plate layers in each inorganic plate.
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JP2018035536A (en) * 2016-08-30 2018-03-08 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Base panel, and fireproofing wall provided with the same
JP2021124004A (en) * 2020-02-07 2021-08-30 株式会社高橋監理 Embankment for individual building
JP2021124003A (en) * 2020-02-07 2021-08-30 株式会社高橋監理 Embankment for individual building
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