JP2016117125A - Machine working jig - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine working jig capable of performing a drilling work and facilitating a positioning work.SOLUTION: A cylindrical support part 6 is equipped, on its one end face 11, with salients 12a, 12b; and 13a, 13b along straight lines L2 and L3 perpendicular to a center axis L1, and, the other end face 14 of the support part 6, with a grip part 7. This grip part 7 is formed with a support face 15, and holding surfaces 17a to 17c plane-symmetric with respect to one plane containing the center axis L1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention makes it easy to drill a workpiece, for example, when drilling a hollow, substantially hemispherical workpiece such as a shell of an artificial joint by a machining device such as a NC (Numerically Controlled) lathe. The present invention relates to a machining jig that can be positioned and attached to a machining apparatus.

  A typical prior art is described in Patent Document 1, for example. In this prior art, there is provided a machining jig for supporting a rack of a rack and pinion type gear machine, which is one of gear machines used in a steering mechanism of an automobile, in a gear case and holding a rack guide as a workpiece. Have been described.

  The machining jig includes a projecting portion for positioning in the X-axis direction and a positioning in the Y-axis direction, which are engaged with a recessed portion provided at one end of the workpiece on three orthogonal axes of the X, Y, and Z axes And a holding portion that is a gripping portion that is gripped by gripping means provided in the machining apparatus. The opposite side surfaces of the convex portion for positioning in the X-axis direction and the convex portion for positioning in the Y-axis direction are inclined with respect to the Z-axis direction in opposite directions, and by the inclined sides of these convex portions, The workpiece to be machined is pressed in the Z-axis direction so that the workpiece is positioned at the machining center.

  Further, in the machining jig, a surface corresponding to one end of the workpiece is a curved surface or a spherical surface, and each of the convex portions described above is provided on the curved surface or the spherical surface. The convex portions intersect with each other at the center of the machining jig and extend to the outer periphery of the machining jig across the center of the machining jig.

  By adopting such a configuration, in the prior art machining jig, the holding unit is gripped and attached by the gripping means of the machining apparatus, and the workpiece is attached to the Z axis by each side of each convex part. When the workpiece is pressed in the direction and the workpiece is sandwiched between the machining jig and the center of the machining apparatus, the component of the force acting on each side is exerted by each side of each convex portion. Acting on the workpiece, the workpiece moves to the balance point of each component force, the positional deviation in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction is corrected, and the workpiece can be accurately positioned at the machining center. Proposed.

JP 2005-186208 A

  In the above-described prior art, the workpiece can be positioned with respect to the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis by fitting each convex portion of the machining jig and each concave portion of the workpiece. Each time the holding part of the machining jig is gripped by the gripping means of the machining apparatus, the gripping position on the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis is shifted, so the gripping means grips the holding part. Every time, the position on the three axes of the workpiece must be measured to align the machining device and the workpiece, and there is a problem that the positioning work is troublesome.

  Further, in the prior art, since the curved surface or the spherical surface of the machining jig is fitted to the part of the workpiece facing the part, the drilling tool is used as the machining jig. And the machining jig, and also the workpiece, are damaged, so that there is a problem that the workpiece cannot be drilled.

  Moreover, in the said prior art, when there are a plurality of sizes of the workpiece, it is necessary to prepare a machining jig for each size, and a single machining jig is used for a plurality of types of workpieces having different sizes. There is a problem that it cannot be applied to an object and the number of machining jigs increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a machining jig that enables drilling and facilitates positioning work.

The present invention is a machining jig gripped by gripping means provided in a processing apparatus for machining a hollow workpiece having a recess,
A cylindrical support portion for supporting the workpiece, wherein one end surface is provided with a convex portion that extends along a straight line perpendicular to a central axis and can be fitted into the concave portion of the workpiece. A support part,
Fixing means for fixing the workpiece supported by the support portion to the support portion;
A holding part that protrudes perpendicularly from the other end surface of the support part and is held by the holding means, and is plane-symmetric with respect to a support surface supported by the holding means and a plane including the central axis. A jig for machining, comprising: a gripping portion having a plurality of gripping surfaces.

Further, in the present invention, the support part and the grip part each have an insertion hole extending along the central axis.
The fixing means is a screw member that is inserted through the insertion holes and is screwed into a workpiece supported by the support portion.

  In the invention, it is preferable that a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the convex portion is a rectangle.

  According to the present invention, since the convex portion extending along the straight line perpendicular to the central axis is provided on the one end surface of the cylindrical support portion, the workpiece can be fitted by fitting the convex portion into the concave portion of the workpiece. Can be positioned on the one end surface of the support portion in a direction that intersects at least the direction in which the convex portion extends.

  In addition, since the grip portion provided on the other end surface of the support portion is provided with a support surface and a grip surface that is plane-symmetric with respect to a plane including the central axis, the plane is symmetrical when the grip portion is gripped by the grip means. Thus, it is not necessary to perform alignment every time the gripping portion is gripped, and the positioning operation can be facilitated.

  Moreover, since the said convex part is provided in the one end surface of a support part, a hollow to-be-processed object is fixed on the said one end surface by a fixing means, Between one end surface and the inner surface facing the said one end surface of a to-be-processed object Therefore, it is possible to perform drilling without causing the drilling tool to interfere with the machining jig.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the fixing means includes the screw member, the screw member is released from the state of being screwed to the workpiece, and the workpiece is released from the state of being fixed to the machining jig. Can be easily replaced with a new workpiece.

  Further, according to the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is a rectangle, when the machining jig and the workpiece are rotated around the central axis at the time of machining and the workpiece is machined, The component force in the central axis direction of the force due to the rotation from the convex portion does not act, and the displacement of the workpiece in the central axis direction can be suppressed.

It is sectional drawing which shows the jig | tool 1 for machining of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the state by which the to-be-processed object 2 was removed from the jig | tool 1 for machining. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the to-be-processed object 2 was attached to the jig | tool 1 for machining. FIG. 2 is a side view of the machining jig 1 as viewed from the left in FIG. 1. It is the expanded sectional view seen from the cut surface line VV of FIG. It is the side view which looked at the jig 1 for machining from the right side of FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a machining jig 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which a workpiece 2 is removed from the machining jig 1. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the workpiece 2 is attached to the machining jig 1. A machining jig (hereinafter simply abbreviated as “jig”) 1 according to the present embodiment is formed by machining a hollow hemispherical workpiece 2 having a recess 3 formed on a diameter line, such as cutting and drilling. In a state where the workpiece 2 is positioned by being detachably gripped by the three gripping members 5 of the chucking device 4 which is a gripping means provided in a combined machining NC (Numerically Controlled) lathe which is a processing device for performing Used to hold. The workpiece 2 is, for example, a shell of an artificial joint, and a plurality of holes 2a are drilled, and the burr 2c is removed by surface spraying around a screw hole 2b (threading is processed before holding). .

  The combined machining NC lathe is set with three axes of X axis, Y axis and Z axis orthogonal to each other and C axis which is a reference axis of rotation angle around Z axis, and C axis angle on the machine side and workpiece side The X ′ axis and Y ′ axis, which are the X axis and Y axis after correcting the difference, are set orthogonal to each other. In addition, a B-axis that is a reference axis of the rotation angle of the tool with respect to the workpiece 2 is set in the mill including the tool for processing the workpiece 2.

  The jig 1 is formed integrally with the columnar support portion 6 for supporting the workpiece 2 and the support portion, and is perpendicular to the center axis L1 by three gripping members 5 of the chucking device 4 and the like. It includes a gripping portion 7 that is sandwiched from three angles, and a bolt 8 that is a fixing means for fixing the workpiece 2 on the support portion 6.

  The support portion 6 and the grip portion 7 are held on the Z axis in a state where the grip portion 7 is gripped by the chucking device 4, and are positioned so that the central axis L1 is parallel to the Z axis. The support portion 6 and the grip portion 7 are formed with insertion holes 9 through which the shaft portion of the bolt 8 is inserted. The insertion hole 9 is realized as a single cylindrical through hole.

  4 is a side view of the machining jig 1 as viewed from the left side of FIG. 1, and FIG. In the jig 1, the one end surface 11 of the support portion 6 is provided with convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b extending along straight lines L2, L3 perpendicular to the central axis L1. These convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b can be fitted to the concave portion 3 of the workpiece 2 with a slight tolerance, for example, a tolerance of about ± 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and are fitted to the straight lines L2, L3. The vertical cross-sectional shape is a rectangle. For example, H = 1.5 mm and B = 3.15 mm when referring to an example of the dimensions H and B of the convex portions 12a and 12b; 13a and 13b.

  6 is a side view of the machining jig 1 viewed from the right side of FIG. In the jig 1, the gripping portion 7 is provided so as to protrude coaxially and vertically from the other end surface 14 of the support portion 6, and includes a support surface 15 that is supported in the Z-axis direction by each gripping member 5 and a central axis L <b> 1. The plane is symmetrical with respect to one plane (not shown), that is, in the present embodiment, a plurality of gripping surfaces 17a, 17b, and 17c are provided every 120 ° with respect to the central axis L1. Each gripping surface 17a, 17b, 17c is pressed while the gripping member 5 is in contact therewith, whereby the central axis L1 is positioned on the Z-axis.

  Such a jig 1 is made of, for example, stainless steel, and holds a hollow hemispherical workpiece 2 such as the shell described above, and sequentially performs drilling and cutting.

  According to the present embodiment, the one end surface 11 of the support portion 6 is provided with the convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b extending along the straight lines L2, L3 perpendicular to the central axis L1, so that the concave portion 3 of the workpiece 2 is provided. By fitting the convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b to the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 has at least the convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b on one end surface 11 of the support portion 6, that is, on a plane perpendicular to the Z axis. It can be positioned in a direction that intersects the extending direction.

  Further, since the holding portion 7 is provided with the support surface 15 and the holding surfaces 17a, 17b and 17c, the X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, the C axis and the X axis each time the jig 1 is attached to the chucking device 4. It is not necessary to align the “axis, Y” axis, and B axis, and the positioning work of the jig 1 can be facilitated.

  Moreover, since each convex part 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b is provided in the one end surface 11 of the support part 6, in the state which fixed the hollow workpiece 2 with the volt | bolt 8, the workpiece 2 and the one end surface 11 and It is possible to secure a space between them and drill and drill the tool without interfering with the jig 1.

  Moreover, since the workpiece 2 is fixed to the jig 1 with the bolts 8 which are screw members, the workpiece 2 can be easily exchanged for the jig 1, and the processed workpiece 2 and the processed workpiece can be processed. Exchange time with the previous workpiece 2 can be shortened.

  Moreover, since the cross-sectional shape of convex part 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b is a rectangle, and it is comprised so that it may fit closely with the recessed part 3 of the workpiece 2, the jig | tool 1 and the workpiece 2 are attached. Even if the workpiece 2 is processed with a tool by rotating around the central axis L1, only the circumferential force from the convex portions 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b acts on the concave portion 3 of the workpiece 2, Since the component force in the direction of the central axis L1 does not occur, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the workpiece 2 in the direction of the central axis L1.

  The present invention can be suitably implemented not only for processing the shell, but also for processing other workpieces such as metal parts.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Jig for machining 2 Workpiece 2a Hole 2b Screw hole 2c Beam 3 Concave part 4 Chucking device 5 Gripping member 6 Support part 7 Gripping part 8 Bolt 9 Insertion hole 11 One end surface 12a, 12b; 13a, 13b Convex part 14 Other end surface 15 Support surface 17a, 17b, 17c Gripping surface

Claims (3)

A machining jig to be gripped by gripping means provided in a processing apparatus for machining a hollow workpiece having a recess,
A cylindrical support portion for supporting the workpiece, wherein one end surface is provided with a convex portion that extends along a straight line perpendicular to a central axis and can be fitted into the concave portion of the workpiece. A support part,
Fixing means for fixing the workpiece supported by the support portion to the support portion;
A holding part that protrudes perpendicularly from the other end surface of the support part and is held by the holding means, and is plane-symmetric with respect to a support surface supported by the holding means and a plane including the central axis. A jig for machining, comprising: a gripping portion having a plurality of gripping surfaces. The support part and the grip part each have an insertion hole extending along the central axis,
2. The machining jig according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means is a screw member that is inserted into the insertion holes and is screwed into a workpiece supported by the support portion.   The jig for machining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the extending direction of the convex portion is a rectangle.

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