JP2016098497A - Pile driving head, and pile driving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a damage to a head and a pile driving part of a pile driver, and ensure stability of a position of the head relative to a U-shaped pile.SOLUTION: A head 1 is used for driving a roughly U-shaped pile 2 having two perpendicular parts 2a that face each other and integrated by a horizontal part 2b connected at respective top edges, the head including: a body part 3 having a first plate material 3a in a longer-side direction and a second plate material 3b in a shorter-side direction; an open hole 4 penetrating the body part 3 in a vertical direction and formed in the longer-side direction; a pair of guiding protrusions 6 disposed at an end in the longer-side direction or the shorter-side direction of the body part 3, and guided along a guiding apparatus 5; and a recess 7 formed on a bottom surface into which the horizontal part 2b is inserted.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile driving head and a pile driving method for driving a pile into a sandbag stacked on a roadbed such as a railway or a bag-like body containing ballast and fixing the pile.

  The construction method described in Patent Document 1 is a proposal for providing a technique for suppressing deformation of the roadbed of the bedded track even when a large inertial force acts on the roadbed due to earthquake motion. That is, according to the method of the present invention, the laminated body 31 is formed by applying a bag-like object 32 formed in a plurality of bag shapes including ballast from the glue buttocks of the road bed 3 to the shoulder to the inner end. It is formed by being piled up on the roadbed 1 while being tilted so as to be lowered as it goes, and further has a structure arranged so as to extend in the extending direction of the bedded track 100 (roadbed 1). As a result, it is possible to prevent the laminate 31 from sliding or overturning when receiving an outward (or outside) horizontal force, and accordingly, a large inertial force acts on the road bed 3 due to the earthquake motion. Even if it is a case, it can suppress that the bed 3 of the bedded track 100 changes. The driving jig 37 for pile driving has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape capable of mounting a columnar mounting portion 37a for mounting on a commercially available electric breaker and a head of a reinforcing bar 35 driven into the road bed 3 of the bedded track 100. A jig body 37b. The jig body 37b is formed with an insertion hole 37c for inserting the connecting member 35c of the reinforcing bar 35 and the upper ends of the rod-like members 35a and 35b. The driving jig 37 attaches the attachment portion 37a to a commercially available electric pile breaker attachment and inserts the connecting member 35c of the reinforcing bar 35 and the upper ends of the rod-like members 35a and 35b into the insertion hole 37c. This is used when the reinforcing bar 35 is driven into the bed 3 of the bedded track 100. Thus, it can be used for a commercially available electric breaker, two rebars can be driven at a time by machine construction, and the horizontal supporting force can be improved without impairing workability and workability.

  The instrument described in Patent Document 2 is an invention of an instrument and a construction method for driving a U-shaped pile into a sandbag or the like by a hand breaker or a pile driving machine.

JP 2010-37819 JP 2013-142223 A

  However, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, when driving a pile in a roadbed track or the like, it is an integrated structure in which the electric breaker and the head are coupled, the coupling part is inevitably weak, the load is broken, etc. There is an inconvenience that breakage occurs in various places. Therefore, the replacement work is necessary and complicated. Further, during the driving operation, the position of the head attached to the driving unit of the driving machine tends to be unstable with respect to the U-shaped pile.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a head for driving a pile and a pile driving method capable of preventing the head and the driving portion of the pile driving machine from being damaged and ensuring the stability of the position of the head with respect to the U-shaped pile. Let it be an issue.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is used when driving a U-shaped pile integrated into a substantially U-shape in which two vertical portions face each other and are connected to each other at a horizontal portion at the upper end. A frame-shaped main body portion having a longitudinal member and a short-side member, and a through-hole formed in the longitudinal direction while penetrating in the vertical direction of the main body portion, or formed in the longitudinal direction. A concave groove, a pair of guide convex portions provided along the longitudinal or short end of the main body and guided along a guide device, and provided on the bottom surface of the head to insert the horizontal portion. A pile driving head comprising a recess.

  The said U-shaped pile refers to the whole pile which has a substantially U-shape by connecting two piles by the horizontal part, and does not depend on the shape of a detail. Moreover, a horizontal part includes the thing of an R shape which means connecting two piles in a horizontal direction, for example, a U-shaped pile is contained in the U-shaped pile in this invention. .

  The material of the main body is preferably made of metal such as iron, but it may be a hard elastic body, which is smaller than the hardness of the U-shaped pile and is used so that the sound of driving is not affected. It has sufficient rigidity to transmit the driving force required for driving. Examples of the elastic material include thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, synthetic rubber, and natural rubber.

  Further, the present invention includes a step of stacking a plurality of bag-like objects containing ballast, a step of placing a guide instrument at a driving position for the plurality of stacked bag-like objects, the head for driving piles, and the coin The pile driving head and the U-shaped pile are placed along the guide device by mounting the U-shaped pile on the guide device, placing the placing portion of the pile driving machine into the through hole and hitting the U-shaped pile. And a step of passing the U-shaped pile through the bag-like object and fixing the bag-like object B on the roadbed in a stacked state.

  The pile driving machine is a device that applies a driving force during a pile driving operation, and includes a device having a driving force such as a hand breaker or a hydraulic breaker. In addition, the driving force refers to the general force for driving a pile by vibration or hitting by a hand breaker or a hydraulic breaker or by manual hitting by a hanging arrow.

  According to the present invention, since the placing portion of the pile driving machine and the head for pile driving are separated, damage to the shaft portion of the pile driving machine of the pile driving machine can be prevented. Moreover, since the pile driving is performed using the through hole or the concave groove, the movement of the driving portion of the pile driving machine in the longitudinal direction is easy and reliable. Since the movement of the driving portion of the driving machine is guided, unnecessary work can be avoided and work efficiency can be greatly improved by preventing hitting deviating from the hitting target.

It is a perspective view of the head for pile driving of this invention embodiment. It is a perspective view from another angle of the head for pile driving similarly. It is a use condition explanatory view of the head for pile driving of the embodiment. It is a front view of the guidance instrument of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a right view of the guide instrument of embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the use condition of the head for pile driving of the same embodiment, and a U-shaped pile. It is a perspective view of the guide device of another form of the embodiment. It is a perspective view from another angle of the guide device of another form of the embodiment. It is a top view of the guidance instrument of another form of the embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the pile driving head 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A pile driving head 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a head 1) is a U-shaped pile 2 integrated in a substantially U-shape in which two vertical portions 2a face each other and are connected to each other by a horizontal portion 2b. (See FIG. 3) used for driving, a main body 3 having a first plate member 3a in the longitudinal direction and a second plate member 3b in the short direction, and penetrating in the vertical direction of the main body unit 3 and being long Through-holes 4 formed in the direction, a pair of guide projections 6 provided at the end of the main body 3 in the longitudinal direction or the short-side direction and guided along the guide device 5, and provided on the bottom surface horizontally. And a recess 7 into which the portion 2b is inserted. Details will be described below.

  The head 1 is made of a metal or hard elastic body, is placed on the U-shaped pile 2, and is driven by a pile driving machine 90 (see FIG. 3) such as a hand breaker or a hydraulic breaker in the through hole 4. Driving is performed by transmitting the driving force to the U-shaped pile 2 while the worker moves the position of the installation portion 91. The head 1 is a separate body from the placing portion 91 and is not used by being detachably mounted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the head 1 has a groove-like recess 7 that continuously opens downward. The head 1 has a substantially rectangular shape in which the longitudinal direction is arranged on the left and right, and a recess 7 extends linearly in the longitudinal direction on the bottom surface and penetrates the left and right. As shown in FIG. 3, it is desirable that the recess 7 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape with respect to the head. The shape of the ceiling portion of the recess 7 is not limited to this, and the shape of the ceiling portion of the concave portion 7 is a polygonal shape having, for example, a circle, an acute angle, or an obtuse angle as the apex, according to the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal portion of the target pile It may be.

  The material of the head 1 is preferably metal, but may be composed of a hard elastic body. Examples of the elastic material include thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin, synthetic rubber (urethane rubber, etc.), natural rubber, and the like. In addition, composite materials manufactured from thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, synthetic rubber, natural rubber, and the like are also targeted for use. A material that is smaller in hardness than the material of the U-shaped pile 2 is an appropriate material. When it becomes too hard, noise becomes intense, and when it becomes too soft, the striking force decreases. Moreover, it is desirable to select a material according to the diameter, length, and material of the U-shaped pile 2 and the density and depth of the bag-like object B to be driven. The entire head 1 may be a male body material, and only the portion that contacts the U-shaped pile 2 may be an elastic body. When the material of the head 1 is composed of a hard elastic body, noise can be reduced and damage to the head 1 and the U-shaped pile 2 can be reduced.

  The U-shaped pile 2 to be driven is a pile having two vertical portions 2a that hang down from both ends of the horizontal portion 2b (see FIG. 6). The vertical portion 2a is preferably a rod having a sharp tip. Each vertical portion 2a is a portion corresponding to one normal pile. The ratio of the length of the horizontal portion 2b to the vertical portion 2a depends on the construction quality and design criteria of the construction subject to construction, and the horizontal portion 2b is preferably shorter than the vertical portion 2a. Moreover, although it is desirable for the vertical part 2a to be the same dimension, a different dimension may be sufficient according to construction quality and a design standard, respectively. The angle between the horizontal part 2b and the vertical part 2a is generally 90 degrees, but it may be configured with an angle of 60 to 120 degrees depending on the construction quality and design standards, and the two vertical parts 2a are the same. It does not have to be an angle.

  The material of the U-shaped pile 2 is preferably made of metal, particularly steel bars, but may be made of concrete, resin, ceramic or wood. Moreover, although it is desirable that the U-shaped pile 2 has a circular cross section, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a square or the like can be used. Further, the tip may be tapered like a needle, may have the same shape as the entire cross section, and preferably has a shape that conforms to various specifications according to the construction quality and design criteria of the construction subject to construction.

  The bag-like object B is a net-like bag in which ballast is put, and this is called a geotextile pack or the like. It is suitable for the roadbed of railway lines such as Shinkansen. The U-shaped pile 2 penetrates the bag-like object B and is driven until it reaches the roadbed.

  The main body 3 is formed in a square shape, and is a pair of first plate members 3a provided in parallel and spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and a first plate member serving as a side plate provided in parallel and spaced apart in the short direction. 3a and the 2nd board | plate material 3b which is a pair of end plate which edge part joined. The upper surfaces of the first plate member 3a and the second plate member 3b are flush with each other. The height of the second plate 3b is shorter than that of the first plate 3a.

  The guide device 5 is for preventing the head 1 and the U-shaped pile 2 from slipping or falling off during operation. As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, a pair of angle-shaped guide portions 50 arranged in a longitudinal direction with a U-shaped cross section, and a vertical pipe-shaped grip extending upwardly from the lower portion of the guide portion 50. Part 51, support plate 52 formed on the bottom surface of guide part 50, first holding part 53 fixed to the upper part of guide part 50, second holding part 54 fixed to the lower part of guide part 50, A connecting pipe 55 that connects the guide portion 50 and the grip portion 51. The first restraining portion 53 is for gripping with a hand and adjusting the posture. The second holding portion 54 is for adjusting the posture by pressing with a foot. As shown in FIG. 6, the pair of guide portions 50 are arranged so that the continuous grooves face each other, and the U-shaped pile 2 is loosely fitted in the continuous grooves of the guide portions 50 in the vertical direction, and a pair of guides from above. The head 1 is arranged by loosely fitting the convex portion 6, and the U-shaped pile 2 and the guide convex portion 6 are guided while being restricted by the guide portion 50 so as to be movable up and down.

  7 to 9 show a guide device 105 in a modified form of the guide device 5. A pair of guide sections 150 arranged in a longitudinal direction having a pipe-shaped cross section, a pipe-shaped grip section 151 extending in a curved shape upward from the lower portion of the guide section 150, and a support formed on the bottom surface of the guide section 150 A connecting pipe 155 that connects the plate 152, a first holding part 153 fixed to the upper part of the guide part 150, a second holding part 154 fixed to the lower part of the guide part 150, and the guide part 150 and the grip part 151. And. The pair of guide portions 150 are provided with slits 157 in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, and are arranged so that the pair of slits 157 face each other. In addition, a notch 158 is formed on the upper part so that the guide protrusion 6 can be applied to guide the slit 157. The U-shaped pile 2 is loosely fitted in the slit of the guide portion 150 in the vertical direction, and the head 1 is arranged by loosely fitting the pair of guide convex portions 6 from above, and the U-shaped pile 2 and the guide convex portion 6 Can be moved up and down and guided by the guide unit 150 while its movement is restricted.

  Hereinafter, a method for driving the head 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, a step of stacking a plurality of bag-like objects B containing ballast on a roadbed of a bedded track is performed.

  Since the configuration of the bedded track (not shown) is described in detail in the cited document 1, the illustration and description use this, but will be described briefly. The roadbed track is constructed by laying ballast on the roadbed, compacting it into a floor structure with a predetermined cross-sectional shape such as a trapezoid, and extending the roadbed track in the extending direction, and its A plurality of sleepers arranged side by side on the road bed so that the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the extension direction of the road bed, and a pair of rails fastened to the upper surface of the plurality of sleepers along the road bed extension direction.

  A plurality of bag-like bags B including ballast are piled on the roadbed while tilting so as to descend downward from the outer edge to the inner edge, hanging from the glue bottom of the roadbed to the shoulder. And further arranged so as to extend in the extending direction of the bedded track. The bag-like object B is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane so as to be lowered downward from the outer end portion toward the inner end portion. The plurality of bag-like objects B constituting the bag-like object B are stacked while being shifted toward the inside of the road bed. A plurality of bag-like objects B are stacked while being shifted in the extending direction of the bedded floor track by half the width of the bag-like object B. This bag B is rolled by a compactor. The bag-like material B forms a net in a bag shape, and a large number of communication holes for communicating the inside and the outside of the bag-like material B are formed. About the communicating hole of the bag-like thing B, it is formed in the magnitude | size which is a grade which cannot insert a ballast. The communication hole of the bag-like object B is disposed so as to face any one of the communication holes of the bag-like object B adjacent in the vertical direction, and the U-shaped pile 2 can be inserted therethrough.

  This laminated body S is piled up and down by including a ballast in a plurality of bag-like objects B in which a net is formed in a bag shape between bag-like objects B and sleepers on the road bed, and further in the extending direction of the bedded track. An example is shown in which the bag-like objects B are extended and stacked while being shifted by half the width of the bag-like object B in the extending direction of the bedded floor track. The laminated body S is installed on the ballast laid on the roadbed. The laminated body S is rolled by a compactor. The laminated body S is arrange | positioned so that the bag-shaped object B may be contacted, and a ballast is arrange | positioned between this laminated body S and a sleeper. Since the bag-like material B has a net-like bag as described above, a large number of communication holes (not shown) for communicating the inside and the outside of the bag-like material B are formed in the same manner as the bag-like material B. Has been. In addition, about the communicating hole of the bag-like thing B, it is formed in the magnitude | size which is a grade which cannot insert a ballast.

  Thus, the step which puts the guide implement 5 in the position which drives the U-shaped pile 2 with respect to the several bag-shaped object B piled up is performed. The bottom surface of the support plate 52 is in contact with the outer surface of the bag-like object B. The driving operation is basically performed by two or three people. One person has the grip 51 and supports the load, the other person operates the placing part 91, and the other person is an assistant. The operator can hold the first holding portion 53 with his hand and the second holding portion 54 with his / her foot, and can control the posture such as the driving direction.

  The pile driving head 1 and the U-shaped pile 2 are attached to the guide device 5. As the mounting order, first, when the U-shaped pile 2 is inserted into the continuous groove of the guide portion 50 and then the guide convex portion 6 of the head 1 is inserted into the continuous groove, the upper surface of the horizontal portion 2b is placed on the lower surface of the concave portion 7. Abut. Next, the driving portion 91 of the pile driving machine 90 is inserted into the through-hole 4 and moved in the longitudinal direction as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1 and the U-shaped pile 2 descend | fall, the U-shaped pile 2 is penetrated by the bag-like object B, and the step which fixes on the roadbed in the state which laminated | stacked the bag-like object B is performed.

  That is, the concave portion 7 of the head 1 engages with the horizontal portion 2b of the U-shaped pile 2 and the placing portion 91 that has entered the through hole 4 moves in the longitudinal direction while moving to the horizontal portion 2b of the U-shaped pile 2 from above. Applying a driving force, the U-shaped pile 2 is passed through the bag-like object B. Regarding the use of the head 1, the driving force of the driving portion 91 can be applied not only from the upper direction but also from the oblique direction or the horizontal direction. The U-shaped pile 2 can be driven horizontally, vertically, or obliquely with respect to the plurality of bag-like objects B from the ground, and the necessary construction standards can be satisfied.

  The U-shaped pile 2 is formed by bending an iron bar into a U-shape, and a deformed steel bar is used to obtain much friction with the ballast. The U-shaped pile 2 is inserted through the bag-like object B from the upper side to the lower side with respect to the vertical surface toward the inner side of the road bed as it goes from the upper end to the lower end. The U-shaped pile 2 is inserted into the inside from the communication hole on the upper surface of the bag-like object B with the tip ends of the two vertical portions 2a at the top, and penetrates the communication holes of the bag-like object B facing each other. While the front-end | tip part of the U-shaped pile 2 is embed | buried under the roadbed under the bag-like thing B, a center part is located inside the bag-like object B. The U-shaped pile 2 is inserted into the uppermost bag-like object B of the bag-like object B from the outer end portion inward from a predetermined distance. The vertical portion 2a is inserted into each of the bag-like objects B adjacent to each other. The U-shaped pile 2 connects a plurality of bag-like objects B that contact the upper and lower sides constituting the bag-like object B, and also connects a plurality of bag-like objects B adjacent to each other in the extending direction of the bedded track.

  The U-shaped pile 2 is inserted through the stacked body S from above in a posture that is perpendicular to the roadbed with respect to the stacked body S. Specifically, the U-shaped pile 2 is inserted from the communication hole on the upper surface of the laminate S to the inside with the leading ends of the two vertical portions 2a at the top, and penetrates the communication hole of the bag-like object B facing each other. In this state, the tip portion is embedded in the roadbed below the laminated body S, and the central portion is located inside the laminated body S.

  The effect of the head 1 which is embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. According to the head 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, when driving a pile in a bedded floor track or the like, it is not necessary to attach the head 1 to the driving portion 91 of the pile driving machine 90, and the driving portion 91 fails. Can be prevented. Further, during the operation of driving the U-shaped pile 2, the position of the head 1 attached to the placing portion 91 of the pile driving machine 90 is stable with respect to the U-shaped pile 2 and the posture can be easily adjusted.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications, substitutions, deletions and the like can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. These modifications and the like are also included in the technical scope of the present invention. For example, the head 1, the U-shaped pile 2, the main body portion 3, the through hole 4, the guide device 5, the guide convex portion 6, and the concave portion 7 are not limited to those shown in the drawings and can take various shapes.

  Damage to pile driving machines for pile driving on railway tracks and roadbeds can be reduced, increasing the efficiency of pile driving work.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pile driving head 2 ... U-shaped pile 2a ... Vertical part 2b ... Horizontal part 3 ... Main-body part 3a ... 1st board | plate material 3b ... 2nd board | plate material 4 ....・ Through hole 5, 105 ... guide instrument 6 ... guide convex part 7 ... concave part 50, 150 ... guide part 51, 151 ... grip part 52, 152 ... support plate 53, 153 ... 1st restraining part 54, 154 ... 2nd restraining part 55, 155 ... Connection pipe 90 ... Pile driving machine 91 ... Placing part 157 ... Slit 158 ... Notch Part B ... Bag-like material S ... Laminated body

Claims (2)

It is used when driving a U-shaped pile integrated into a substantially U-shape, with two vertical portions facing each other and connected at the upper end of each horizontal portion,
A frame-shaped main body having a longitudinal member and a transverse member;
A through-hole penetrating in the vertical direction and formed in the longitudinal direction, or a concave groove formed in the longitudinal direction;
A pair of guide protrusions provided at the end of the main body in the longitudinal direction or the short direction, and guided along a guide device;
A pile driving head comprising: a recess provided on a bottom surface of the head and into which the horizontal portion is inserted. A step of stacking a plurality of bags containing ballast on the roadbed;
A step of placing a guide device at a driving position for the plurality of stacked bags,
The pile driving head and the U-shaped pile according to claim 1 are mounted on the guide device, and the driving portion of the pile driving machine is inserted into the through hole to strike the U-shaped pile, along the guide device. Lowering the pile driving head and the U-shaped pile, passing the U-shaped pile through the bag-shaped object and fixing the bag-shaped object on the roadbed; and
Pile driving method with

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