JP2016096735A - Method of cultivating functional vegetables - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、機能性野菜の栽培方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for cultivating functional vegetables.
近年、急増する腎臓病患者の食事療法として、リンやカリウムの含有量を減らした食品が求められている。通常の野菜には、一定量のリンやカリウムが含まれているため、腎臓病患者に適した食品とするために、水に曝したり、煮汁を茹でこぼしたりする等の処理を行う必要がある。しかし、これらの方法は、カリウムの除去には有効であっても、リンの除去効果は低い。加えて、茹でこぼしによって、他の栄養成分の溶脱や分解を招いてしてしまっていた。
上記課題に対し、特許文献１には、「栽培する野菜に応じて種まきから収穫までの期間Ｌをあらかじめ設定し、収穫から遡った所定の期間を最終栽培期Ｌ２とし、この最終栽培期の前の期間を初期栽培期Ｌ１とし、上記最終栽培期は、実質的にカリウム及びナトリウムを含有せず、カルシウム、マグネシウム、リン、硝酸態窒素及びアンモニア態窒素を主成分とし、これらの水溶液のｐＨ値が５〜９になる水耕栽培用肥料を用い、上記初期栽培期Ｌ１は、カリウム、カルシウム、マグネシウム、リン、及び窒素を主成分とする肥料を用いる」発明が開示されている。
In recent years, foods with reduced phosphorus and potassium contents have been demanded as dietary therapy for rapidly increasing kidney disease patients. Because regular vegetables contain a certain amount of phosphorus and potassium, it is necessary to perform treatments such as exposing to water and spilling boiled juice to make food suitable for patients with kidney disease. . However, even though these methods are effective for removing potassium, the phosphorus removal effect is low. In addition, boiled spills caused leaching and decomposition of other nutrients.
In response to the above problem, Patent Document 1 states that “a period L from seeding to harvesting is set in advance according to the vegetables to be cultivated, and a predetermined period retroactive from the harvesting is defined as a final cultivation period L2, before this final cultivation period. The initial cultivation period L1, and the final cultivation period substantially does not contain potassium and sodium, and mainly contains calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, and the pH value of these aqueous solutions. An invention is disclosed in which a fertilizer for hydroponics that becomes 5 to 9 is used, and the initial cultivation period L1 uses a fertilizer mainly composed of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen.
しかしながら、本発明者の検討によれば、特許文献１に開示された発明では、一般の野菜に対して、70％程度のリン含量を含むものしか作成できず、十分に低リン化された野菜は得られなかった。
本発明は、上記した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、低リン化された野菜を栽培する方法を提供することにある。
However, according to the study of the present inventor, the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 can produce only those containing a phosphorus content of about 70% with respect to general vegetables, and is sufficiently low-phosphorus vegetables. Was not obtained.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method for cultivating a low-phosphorus vegetable.
本発明者は、鋭意検討の結果、水耕栽培において、肥料中のリン含有量を低減させることにより、野菜（特に、葉菜類）の健全な生育を維持しつつ、可食部のリン含有量を約半分程度まで低減可能であることを見出し、基本的には本発明を完成するに至った。
こうして、本発明に係る栽培方法は、野菜の水耕栽培において、リンの施用量を、栽培期間中に当該野菜が栄養成分の不足によって生育障害を起こさない程度の少量とし、リンの施用量を栽培個体数に基づき算出した総量で決定することで、野菜の可食部でのリンの含有量を低減させることを特徴とする。
このとき、施用するリンの総量を、1個体あたりのリン施用量Ｘ（mg/株）に栽培個体数Ｙ（株）を乗じた値Ｘ×Ｙ（mg）で算出することが好ましい。
As a result of intensive studies, the inventor reduced the phosphorus content in the fertilizer in hydroponics, thereby maintaining the healthy growth of vegetables (especially leaf vegetables) and increasing the phosphorus content of the edible part. The present inventors have found that it can be reduced to about half, and have basically completed the present invention.
Thus, in the cultivation method according to the present invention, in hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, the application rate of phosphorus is set to a small amount that does not cause growth failure due to lack of nutritional components during the cultivation period, and the application rate of phosphorus is By determining the total amount calculated based on the number of cultivated individuals, the content of phosphorus in the edible portion of vegetables is reduced.
At this time, it is preferable to calculate the total amount of phosphorus to be applied by a value X × Y (mg) obtained by multiplying the phosphorus application amount X (mg / strain) per individual by the number of cultivated individuals Y (strain).
また、1個体あたりのリン施用量Ｘ（mg/株）について、野菜新鮮重1gあたりの飽和リン吸収量Ａ（mg/g）、収穫時の1個体あたりの新鮮重Ｂ（g/株）、リンの低減率α（0.4≦α＜1）を設定し、Ｘ＝（1-α）×Ａ×Ｂとすることが好ましい。
飽和リン吸収量Ａとしては、実験データに基づき決定することができる。 また、野菜は葉菜類（ようさいるい）であり、1個体あたりのリン施用量を5〜15mg/株とすることが好ましい。
葉菜類とは、葉の部分を食用とする野菜を意味しており、他にも葉物（はもの）、葉野菜、葉物野菜などの名称が付されることがある。葉菜類としては、コマツナ、チンゲンサイ、にら、ネギ、野沢菜、フダンソウ、ホウレンソウ、ミズナ、レタスなどが含まれる。
また、上記栽培方法においては、肥料液の回路が閉鎖式の水耕栽培装置であり、栽培期間を通して肥料液を均一に循環させることが好ましい。
本発明を応用する場合の一例について説明する。
リン施用量を5mg/株とし、40株を生育する場合には、200mg（=5×40）をリンの総量として施用することになる。
野菜新鮮重あたりの飽和リン吸収量を0.5mg/g、1個体あたりの新鮮重を20g/株、リンの低減率を0.4（1株あたりのリン含有率としては、0.6（=1-0.4））とすると、1個体あたりのリン施用量は、6mg/株（=0.6×0.5mg/g×20g/株）となる。
In addition, for phosphorus application amount X (mg / strain) per individual, the amount of saturated phosphorus absorbed A (mg / g) per gram of fresh vegetable weight, fresh weight B (g / strain) per individual at harvest, It is preferable to set a phosphorus reduction rate α (0.4 ≦ α <1), and X = (1−α) × A × B.
The saturated phosphorus absorption amount A can be determined based on experimental data. Further, the vegetables are leafy vegetables (yosaii), and the phosphorus application rate per individual is preferably 5 to 15 mg / strain.
Leaf vegetables mean vegetables that use the portion of leaves as food, and other names such as leaves, leaf vegetables, leaf vegetables, and the like may be given. Examples of leaf vegetables include Komatsuna, Chingsaisai, Japanese leek, green onions, Nozawana, chard, spinach, Mizuna, lettuce and the like.
Moreover, in the said cultivation method, it is preferable that the circuit of a fertilizer liquid is a closed-type hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and fertilizer liquid is circulated uniformly throughout a cultivation period.
An example in the case of applying the present invention will be described.
When the phosphorus application rate is 5 mg / strain and 40 strains are grown, 200 mg (= 5 × 40) is applied as the total amount of phosphorus.
Saturated phosphorus absorption per fresh vegetable weight is 0.5mg / g, fresh weight per plant is 20g / strain, phosphorus reduction rate is 0.4 (the phosphorus content per strain is 0.6 (= 1-0.4) ), The phosphorus application rate per individual is 6 mg / strain (= 0.6 × 0.5 mg / g × 20 g / strain).
本発明によれば、低リン化された野菜を作成する栽培方法を提供できる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the cultivation method which produces the low phosphorus-ized vegetable can be provided.
次に、本発明を実施するための形態について、更に詳細に説明する。但し、本発明は、下記実施形態によって限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を変更することなく、様々に変形して実施できる。
＜実施例１＞ コマツナを用いた試験（１）
循環型（閉鎖系）湛液式水耕を用い、コマツナの定植時に1株あたりのリン量を規定して生育させた。すなわち、1株当たり10,15,20及び40（mg/株）のリンを与えた試験区を1ベッドずつ設け、48株分のリンを施用し、コマツナを生育させた。リン源としてNaH2PO4・2H2Oを用いた。リン以外の肥料組成を、NH4-N：0.7(me/L,以下単位は同じ)、NO3-N：10.3、K：6.3、Mg：2.8、Ca：4とし、微量要素は園試処方に準じた。培養液の調製には水道水を用い、循環ポンプ（寺田ポンプ HP-100）により10分運転、20分休止のサイクルで流動させた。栽培中における植物の吸収や蒸発による養液の減水分は、リンを含まない培養液を補って、水量を一定に保った。
Next, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.
<Example 1> Test using Komatsuna (1)
Using circulating (closed) submerged hydroponic culture, the amount of phosphorus per strain was defined and grown when Komatsuna was planted. That is, one test bed was provided with 10, 15, 20, and 40 (mg / strain) phosphorus per strain, and 48 strains of phosphorus were applied to grow komatsuna. NaH 2 PO 4 .2H 2 O was used as a phosphorus source. The composition of fertilizers other than phosphorus is NH 4 -N: 0.7 (me / L, the following units are the same), NO 3 -N: 10.3, K: 6.3, Mg: 2.8, Ca: 4 According to For the preparation of the culture solution, tap water was used, and it was fluidized by a circulation pump (Terada pump HP-100) for 10 minutes and a cycle of 20 minutes rest. The water loss of the nutrient solution due to absorption and evaporation of plants during cultivation was supplemented with a culture solution containing no phosphorus to keep the amount of water constant.
定植から4週間後にコマツナを収穫し、各区15株を抽出し、可食部（地上部）新鮮重と可食部リン含有量、1株全体（地上部＋地下部）の新鮮重とリン含有量を測定した。リン含有量は、コマツナを天日乾燥・風乾し粉砕した後塩酸に溶解し、バナドモリブデン酸法により定量した。また、以上のデータをもとに1株あたりのリンの吸収量を算出した。
結果を表１及び図１に示した。
Komatsuna is harvested 4 weeks after planting, 15 strains are extracted from each ward, edible part (aboveground) fresh weight and edible part phosphorus content, whole strain (aboveground part + underground part) fresh weight and phosphorus content The amount was measured. Phosphorus content was determined by vanadmolybdic acid method after Komatsuna was sun-dried, air-dried, ground and dissolved in hydrochloric acid. The amount of phosphorus absorbed per strain was calculated based on the above data.
The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
可食部新鮮重は、リン施用量が10mg/株〜40mg/株のいずれにおいても大きく変化しなかった。一方、可食部リン含有量は、五訂増補日本食品標準成分表（以下、「食品成分表」という。）から求めたコマツナの可食部リン含有量（45.0mg/100gFW）を100％とすると、リン施用量を10mg/株とした場合には43.8％（19.7mg/100gFW）、15mg/株とした場合には54.4％（24.5mg/100gFW）、20mg/株とした場合には74.0％（33.3mg/100gFW）、40mg/株とした場合には79.6％（35.8mg/100gFW）であった。これらは低減率としては、それぞれ56.2％、45.6％、26.0％及び20.4％であった。
上記データに基づいて計算したリン含有量低減率（α）を表２に、実験データから逆算して求めた１個体あたりのリン施用量(mg/株)を表３に、それぞれ示した。
The fresh weight of the edible part did not change significantly at any phosphorus application rate of 10 mg / strain to 40 mg / strain. On the other hand, the edible part phosphorus content is 100% of the edible part phosphorus content (45.0mg / 100gFW) of Komatsuna calculated from the 5th edition Japanese food standard ingredient table (hereinafter referred to as "food ingredient table"). Then, 43.8% (19.7mg / 100gFW) when phosphorus application rate is 10mg / strain, 54.4% (24.5mg / 100gFW) when 15mg / strain, 74.0% when 20mg / strain is applied (33.3mg / 100gFW) and 79.6% (35.8mg / 100gFW) when 40mg / strain. These reduction rates were 56.2%, 45.6%, 26.0% and 20.4%, respectively.
The phosphorus content reduction rate (α) calculated based on the above data is shown in Table 2, and the phosphorus application amount (mg / strain) per individual obtained by back calculation from the experimental data is shown in Table 3.
表２のデータは、２列目の（１株リン吸収量／１株新鮮重）は、表１の全体の１株リン吸収量を１株新鮮重で割った数値を、３列目の収穫時の１株あたり新鮮重（Ｂ）は、表１の全体の１株新鮮重を、４列目のリン含有量低減率（α）は、可食部リン含有量（表１の３列目）を１００％リン含有量（表１では、食品成分表の値（45mg/100gW））で割った値を１から減じた数値を、それぞれ示している。 表３のデータは、野菜新鮮重1gあたりの飽和リン吸収量Ａを実験データから求めた0.38mg/g（リン施用量が十分であるとき、すなわち40mg/株のとき、のデータ）及び食品成分表から得た0.45mg/gをそれぞれ用いたときに、リン施用量を次式によって算出したものである。
Ｘ＝（１−α）×Ａ×Ｂ。但し、Ｘは１個体あたりのリン施用量（mg/株）、Ａは野菜新鮮重１gあたりの飽和リン吸収量（mg/g）、Ｂは収穫時の１個体あたりの新鮮重（g/株）、α（0.4≦α＜1）はリンの低減率を意味する。
このように、α（0.4≦α＜1）、Ａ、Ｂから１個体あたりのリン施用量Ｘを求めることができた。
The data in Table 2 is for the second row (1 phosphorus absorption / one fresh weight). The value obtained by dividing the total 1 phosphorus absorption by Table 1 by the fresh weight in Table 1 is the yield of the third row. The fresh weight per strain at the time (B) is the total fresh weight of one strain in Table 1, the phosphorus content reduction rate (α) in the fourth row is the edible phosphorus content (the third row in Table 1) ) Divided by 100% phosphorus content (in Table 1, the value in the food composition table (45 mg / 100 gW)), the numerical values obtained by subtracting from 1 are shown. The data in Table 3 shows 0.38 mg / g (saturated phosphorus absorption amount per gram of fresh vegetable weight) determined from experimental data (when phosphorus application is sufficient, ie 40 mg / strain) and food ingredients When 0.45 mg / g obtained from the table was used, the phosphorus application rate was calculated by the following formula.
X = (1−α) × A × B. Where X is the amount of phosphorus applied per individual (mg / strain), A is the amount of saturated phosphorus absorbed per gram of fresh vegetable weight (mg / g), and B is the fresh weight per individual at harvest (g / strain) ), Α (0.4 ≦ α <1) means the reduction rate of phosphorus.
Thus, the phosphorus application amount X per individual was able to be determined from α (0.4 ≦ α <1), A, and B.
＜実施例２＞ コマツナを用いた試験（２）
上記実施例において、定植時にリン10mg/株で施用した場合に、生育を維持しながら、収穫時の可食部リン含有量が約20mg/100gFWとなり、食品成分表記載値比およそ56%低減することができた。そこで、試験結果の確認と、更にリン施用量を減らした場合の生育量およびリン含有量について検証した。
コマツナを200穴トレイ（バーミキュライト）に播種し、温室内で育苗した。播種から20日目に本葉2枚展葉したものについて、水耕ベッド（幅60cm×レーン長さ240cm×深さ10cm,水量100L）に、1ベッドあたり48株（パネルW590×D890×H29mm,2枚）を定植した。
リン施用量を1株当たり40mg、15mg、10mg、5mgと変えた試験区を1ベッドずつ設け、定植時に40株分のリンを施用し栽培を開始した。残りの8株分のリン施用については、各処理区とも全株が正常に生育していることを定植後14日目に確認した後、栽培槽中の養液に追加施用した。リン源としてNaH2PO4・2H2Oを用いた。リン以外の肥料組成は実施例１と同じとした。培養液の調製には水道水を用い、循環ポンプ（寺田ポンプ HP-100）により10分運転、20分休止のサイクルで流動させた。栽培中における植物の吸収や蒸発による養液の減水分は、リンを含まない培養液を補って、水量を一定に保った。栽培期間中、定期的に培養液を採取し、pH、EC、リン濃度を測定した。ECは定植後22日目まで1.65±0.05で管理した。但し、その後は、培養液の代わりに水道水を追加し、ECは最終的に1.17〜1.33となった。培養液のpHは、1N H2SO4を滴下し6.5±0.5に調整した。
定植後29日目にコマツナを収穫し、全株について地上部の新鮮重および最大葉長を測定した。また、各区15株を抽出し、可食部（地上部）新鮮重と可食部リン含有量、1株全体（地上部＋地下部）の新鮮重とリン含有量を測定した。リン含有量は、コマツナを天日乾燥・風乾し粉砕した後塩酸に溶解し、バナドモリブデン酸法により定量した。また、以上のデータをもとに、1株あたりのリンの吸収量を算出した。
結果を表４及び図２に示した。
<Example 2> Test using Komatsuna (2)
In the above example, when applied at 10 mg / strain at the time of planting, while maintaining growth, the edible phosphorus content at harvest is about 20 mg / 100 g FW, which is about 56% lower than the value stated in the food composition table I was able to. Therefore, the test results were confirmed and the growth amount and phosphorus content when the phosphorus application rate was further reduced were verified.
Komatsuna was sown in a 200-well tray (vermiculite) and grown in a greenhouse. On the 20th day after sowing, two leaves were spread on a hydroponic bed (width 60cm x lane length 240cm x depth 10cm, water volume 100L), 48 strains per bed (panel W590 x D890 x H29mm, 2) were planted.
The test plots were changed to 40mg, 15mg, 10mg, and 5mg, and the amount of phosphorus applied was set to 1 bed, and 40 lines of phosphorus were applied at the time of planting to start cultivation. The remaining 8 strains of phosphorus were added to the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank after confirming on the 14th day after planting that all strains were growing normally in each treatment area. NaH 2 PO 4 .2H 2 O was used as a phosphorus source. The fertilizer composition other than phosphorus was the same as in Example 1. For the preparation of the culture solution, tap water was used, and it was fluidized by a circulation pump (Terada pump HP-100) for 10 minutes and a cycle of 20 minutes rest. The water loss of the nutrient solution due to absorption and evaporation of plants during cultivation was supplemented with a culture solution containing no phosphorus to keep the amount of water constant. During the cultivation period, the culture solution was collected periodically and the pH, EC, and phosphorus concentration were measured. EC was controlled at 1.65 ± 0.05 until the 22nd day after planting. However, after that, tap water was added instead of the culture solution, and EC finally became 1.17 to 1.33. The pH of the culture solution was adjusted to 6.5 ± 0.5 by dropwise addition of 1N H 2 SO 4 .
On the 29th day after planting, Komatsuna was harvested, and the fresh weight and maximum leaf length of the above-ground part were measured for all strains. In addition, 15 strains were extracted from each ward, and the fresh weight and phosphorus content of the edible part (aboveground part) and the fresh weight and phosphorus content of the whole strain (aboveground part + underground part) were measured. Phosphorus content was determined by vanadmolybdic acid method after Komatsuna was sun-dried, air-dried, ground and dissolved in hydrochloric acid. In addition, the amount of phosphorus absorbed per strain was calculated based on the above data.
The results are shown in Table 4 and FIG.
可食部新鮮重は、リン施用量が5mg/株〜40mg/株のいずれにおいても大きく変化しなかったことから、コマツナの生育状態には大きな影響を与えなかったものと考えた。データは示さないが、コントロールとして生育した0mg/株群は生育不良となりコマツナの生育を行えなかった。一方、食品成分表から求めたコマツナの可食部リン含有量（45.0mg/100gFW）を100％とすると、リン施用量を5mg/株とした場合には24.3%（10.9mg/100gFW）、10mg/株とした場合には49.8％（22.6mg/100gFW）、15mg/株とした場合には56.1％（25.3mg/100gFW）、40mg/株とした場合には91.5％（41.2mg/100gFW）であった。低減率としては、それぞれ75.7％、49.8％、43.9％及び8.5％であった。
上記データに基づいて計算したリン含有量低減率（α）を表５に、逆算して求めた１個体あたりのリン施用量(mg/株)を表６に、それぞれ示した。
The edible part fresh weight did not significantly affect the growth of Komatsuna because the phosphorus application rate did not change significantly at any of 5 mg / strain to 40 mg / strain. Although data are not shown, the 0 mg / strain group grown as a control failed to grow and could not grow Komatsuna. On the other hand, assuming that the edible part phosphorus content (45.0mg / 100gFW) of Komatsuna determined from the food composition table is 100%, 24.3% (10.9mg / 100gFW), 10mg when the phosphorus application rate is 5mg / strain 49.8% (22.6mg / 100gFW) in the case of / strain, 56.1% (25.3mg / 100gFW) in the case of 15mg / strain, 91.5% (41.2mg / 100gFW) in the case of 40mg / strain there were. The reduction rates were 75.7%, 49.8%, 43.9% and 8.5%, respectively.
The phosphorus content reduction rate (α) calculated based on the above data is shown in Table 5, and the phosphorus application rate (mg / strain) per individual obtained by back calculation is shown in Table 6.
＜実施例３＞ ホウレンソウ、チンゲンサイを用いた試験
次に、葉菜として、ホウレンソウ及びチンゲンサイを用いた場合の試験を行った。
ホウレンソウ及びチンゲンサイを200穴トレイ（バーミキュライト）に播種し、温室内で育苗した。11日目に本葉2枚展葉したものについて、栽培槽（W334×D334×H99mm）に、1栽培槽あたり4株（パネルW290×D290×H25mm）を定植した。
リン施用量を1株当たり100mg、10mg、0mgと変えた試験区を1栽培槽ずつ設け、定植時に全4株分のリンを施用し栽培を開始した。リン源としてNaH2PO4・2H2Oを用いた。リン以外の肥料組成を、NH4-N：0.8(me/L,以下単位は同じ)、NO3-N：11.2、K：7.2、Mg：3.2、Ca：4とし、微量要素は園試処方に準じた。培養液の調製には水道水を用いた。栽培期間中、培養液中に金魚用エアポンプ（GEX eAIR 6000WB）を設置し、常時曝気した。栽培中における植物の吸収や蒸発による養液の減水分は、リンを含まない培養液を補って、水量を一定に保った。栽培期間中、定期的に培養液を採取し、pH・EC・リン濃度を測定した。培養液のpHは、1N H2SO4を滴下し6.5±0.5に調整した。
チンゲンサイは定植後21日目、ホウレンソウは定植後22日目に収穫し、全4株について、可食部（地上部）新鮮重と可食部リン含有量、1株全体（地上部＋地下部）の新鮮重とリン含有量を測定した。リン含有量は、コマツナを天日乾燥・風乾し粉砕した後塩酸に溶解し、バナドモリブデン酸法により定量した。また、以上のデータをもとに1株あたりのリンの吸収量を算出した。
結果を表７、図３及び図４に示した。
<Example 3> Test Using Spinach and Chingsaisai Next, a test was conducted when spinach and Chingsaisai were used as leaf vegetables.
Spinach and dung beetle were sown in a 200-well tray (vermiculite) and grown in a greenhouse. On the 11th day, two leaves were spread and 4 plants (panel W290 × D290 × H25mm) were planted per cultivation tank in a cultivation tank (W334 × D334 × H99mm).
Test plots with different phosphorus application rates of 100 mg, 10 mg, and 0 mg per strain were provided for each cultivation tank, and 4 plants of phosphorus were applied at the time of planting to start cultivation. NaH 2 PO 4 .2H 2 O was used as a phosphorus source. The composition of fertilizers other than phosphorus is NH 4 -N: 0.8 (me / L, the following units are the same), NO 3 -N: 11.2, K: 7.2, Mg: 3.2, Ca: 4; According to Tap water was used for the preparation of the culture solution. During the cultivation period, a goldfish air pump (GEX eAIR 6000WB) was installed in the culture medium and aerated at all times. The water loss of the nutrient solution due to absorption and evaporation of plants during cultivation was supplemented with a culture solution containing no phosphorus to keep the amount of water constant. During the cultivation period, the culture solution was collected periodically and the pH, EC, and phosphorus concentrations were measured. The pH of the culture solution was adjusted to 6.5 ± 0.5 by dropwise addition of 1N H 2 SO 4 .
Chingensai was harvested on the 21st day after planting, and spinach was harvested on the 22nd day after planting. For all 4 strains, fresh weight and edible portion phosphorus content, 1 whole strain (aboveground + underground) ) Fresh weight and phosphorus content. Phosphorus content was determined by vanadmolybdic acid method after Komatsuna was sun-dried, air-dried, ground and dissolved in hydrochloric acid. The amount of phosphorus absorbed per strain was calculated based on the above data.
The results are shown in Table 7, FIG. 3 and FIG.
ホウレンソウについては、可食部新鮮重は、リン施用量が10mg/株及び100mg/株のいずれにおいても、大きく変化しなかったことから、生育状態には大きな影響を与えなかった。但し、コントロール（0mg/株）では生育不良となった。一方、食品成分表から求めたホウレンソウの可食部リン含有量（47.0mg/100gFW）を100％とすると、リン施用量が10mg/株の場合には47％（22.1mg/100gFW。低減率として53％）であった。
チンゲンサイについては、可食部新鮮重は、リン施用量が10mg/株及び100mg/株のいずれにおいても、大きく変化しなかったことから、生育状態には大きな影響を与えなかった。但し、コントロール（0mg/株）では生育不良となった。一方、食品成分表から求めたチンゲンサイの可食部リン含有量（27.0mg/100gFW）を100％とすると、リン施用量が10mg/株の場合には57％（15.5mg/100gFW。低減率として43％）であった。
上記データに基づいて計算したリン含有量低減率（α）を表８に、逆算して求めた１個体あたりのリン施用量を表９に、それぞれ示した。但し、実施例３では、収穫適期よりも前の収穫したために、葉菜中に十分にリンが取り込まれていないように思われた。このため、飽和リン吸収量として、食品成分表の値を用いた。
For spinach, the edible portion fresh weight did not change significantly at any of the phosphorus application rates of 10 mg / strain and 100 mg / strain, so it did not significantly affect the growth state. However, growth was poor in the control (0 mg / strain). On the other hand, if the phosphorus content (47.0mg / 100gFW) of spinach obtained from the food composition table is 100%, 47% (22.1mg / 100gFW. Reduction rate) when the phosphorus application rate is 10mg / strain. 53%).
For chingensai, the edible portion fresh weight did not change significantly at any of the 10 mg / strain and 100 mg / strain phosphorus doses, so it did not significantly affect the growth state. However, growth was poor in the control (0 mg / strain). On the other hand, if the edible part phosphorus content (27.0mg / 100gFW) of Chingensai determined from the food composition table is 100%, 57% (15.5mg / 100gFW. Reduction rate when the phosphorus application rate is 10mg / strain. 43%).
The phosphorus content reduction rate (α) calculated based on the above data is shown in Table 8, and the phosphorus application rate per individual obtained by back calculation is shown in Table 9. However, in Example 3, it seems that phosphorus was not taken up sufficiently in the leafy vegetables because the harvest was made before the appropriate harvest time. For this reason, the value of the food composition table was used as the saturated phosphorus absorption.
このように本実施形態によれば、野菜の水耕栽培において、リンの施用量を栽培個体数に基づき算出した総量で管理することにより、可食部でのリン含有量を低減できる栽培方法を提供できた。 Thus, according to this embodiment, in the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, by managing the application amount of phosphorus with the total amount calculated based on the number of cultivated individuals, a cultivation method that can reduce the phosphorus content in the edible part I was able to provide it.
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