JP2016096667A - Power supply communication structure and power supply communication line - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase practicability by relaxing the constraint of a contact part in the prior art.SOLUTION: A power supply communication structure comprises: two sets of parallel flat plates; a resonance circuit in which inductance is connected with the two sets of parallel flat plates in series or in parallel; and parallel two-line type lines placed at the outside of the two sets of parallel flat plates. The present invention is, like this, different from the prior art having constraint at a contact part, can relax the constraint, thereby increasing practicability. It relates to a line that allows power to be taken out from any point, and enables communication too; therefore it can be used for various applications, thereby leading to change the world greatly.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a power feeding communication structure and a power feeding communication line.

  Conventional techniques related to a line that can receive power at an arbitrary point include a trolley line method (metal wire contact method), a magnetic field method, and an electric field method.

  The trolley transmission system has problems in terms of weight, maintainability, special environment compatibility (including clean environment compatibility), safety, and reliability. These problems are caused by the use of bare conductors.

  It is recognized that the magnetic field method is superior in reliability, maintenance-free, environmental compatibility (clean environment, environment where oil mist and water vapor are generated), and safety compared to the conventional trolley power transmission method. However, compared with the electric field method, the weight is heavy, shielding (cable protection) is not easy, copper is consumed in large quantities, and a communication route has to be prepared separately. Furthermore, in the magnetic field method, current must flow regardless of the presence or absence of a load, so that copper loss occurs and transmission efficiency deteriorates.

Here, the present inventors invented the “electric field coupling method” as a new method, and invented a new circuit technology that realizes the new method (see Patent Document 1).
The electric field method is a method in which electric power is transmitted by an electric field through a capacitor, and is different from a method in which a coil is used to connect magnetically as in the magnetic field method.

JP 2009-38329 A

The trolley transmission system has problems in terms of weight, maintainability, special environment compatibility (including clean environment compatibility), safety, and reliability. These problems are caused by the use of bare conductors.
However, the present invention relates to an electric field system. This electric field method has many advantages over the contact method and the magnetic field method. For example, a comparison between the electric field method and the contact method (trolley power transmission method) is shown in FIG. Since this electric field method is not used with the conductive wire exposed, there is no problem like the trolley power transmission method.

In addition, it is recognized that the magnetic field method is superior in reliability, maintenance-free, environmental compatibility (clean environment, environment where oil mist and water vapor are generated), and safety compared to the conventional trolley power transmission method.
However, compared with the electric field method, the weight is heavy, shielding (cable protection) is not easy, copper is consumed in large quantities, and a communication route has to be prepared separately. Furthermore, in the magnetic field method, current must flow regardless of the presence or absence of a load, so that copper loss occurs and transmission efficiency deteriorates.
In this electric field system, these problems can be solved.
A comparison between the electric field method and the magnetic field method is shown in FIG.

Since the present invention is an electric field system, a comparison is made with the prior art in the electric field system.
The method shown in FIG. 1 (conventional electric field method) uses a junction capacitance formed by a probe 13 and a probe outer conductor 12 capable of capacitively connecting the voltage between the inner conductor 10 and the outer conductor 9 of the coaxial line with a widened tip. Is obtained. In this conventional electric field method, the metals are not in contact with each other, but it is necessary to control the insulating layers around the metal to be in contact with each other or to maintain a close proximity space.
In this conventional electric field method, metals are not in contact with each other, but it is necessary to control the insulating layers around the metal to be in contact with each other or to maintain a very close proximity space, and the contact state is limited. It was. Therefore, practicality was not necessarily high. There is a need for a technology that is less restrictive and highly practical.

The power feeding communication structure of one embodiment of the present invention is:
Two sets of parallel plates,
A resonance circuit in which an inductance is connected in series or in parallel to the two sets of parallel plates;
A parallel two-wire line disposed outside the two sets of parallel plates;
Is provided.

The power transmission communication line of one embodiment of the present invention,
Two sets of parallel plates,
A resonance circuit in which an inductance is connected in series or in parallel to the two sets of parallel plates;
As a power supply communication line used for a power supply communication structure including
A parallel two-wire line disposed outside the two sets of parallel flat plates.

Unlike the prior art which has restrictions in a contact part, since this restriction can be eased, the present invention increases practicality. The present invention can be used for various purposes because it is related to a line that can take out electric power from any point and can communicate with it, and also leads to a great change in the world.
Further, the present invention is a line for transmitting electric power using an electric field resonance technique, and is characterized by non-contact power transmission. While ordinary non-contact power transmission involves electromagnetic radiation, the present invention does not radiate electromagnetic waves to the outside. Further, the present invention can transmit a communication signal and a direct current while having the above effects.

It is a figure which shows the conventional electric field system. It is a figure which shows the system of electric field resonance type electric power transmission (series resonance). It is a figure which shows the system of electric field resonance type electric power transmission (parallel resonance). It is a figure which shows the system of the electric power transmission (series resonance) through a parallel plate line. It is a figure which shows the system of the electric power transmission (parallel resonance) through a parallel plate line. It is a figure which shows the distance dependence of the S21 characteristic when not understanding with the case where it passes through a parallel plate line. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit at the time of attaching a power supply to a track | line. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the electric power transmission (series resonance) between electric field coupling units. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the electric power transmission (parallel resonance) between electric field coupling units. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the transmission line at the time of setting an electric field area periodically. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit which provided the branch part as a concept of an electric field area. It is a figure which shows the cross section of the track | line which added low radiation and the communication function. It is a figure which shows the line equivalent circuit (DC balance) at the time of low radiation and communication load. It is a figure which shows the line equivalent circuit (DC imbalance) at the time of low radiation and communication load. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit of the track | line when not providing an electric field area. It is a figure which shows the equivalent circuit which has arrange | positioned several oscillators in the track | line which does not provide an electric field area. It is a figure which shows the electric power receiving area distribution by the electric field coupling | bonding and magnetic field coupling | bonding in a standing wave. It is a figure which shows the example of the receiving unit by magnetic field resonance. It is a figure which shows the power receiving body which used the electric field coupling and the magnetic field coupling unit in parallel. It is a figure which shows the power receiving body which used the electric field coupling and the magnetic field coupling unit in piles. It is a figure which shows the receiving body resonated by the electric field coupling capacitor and the magnetic field coupling coil. It is a figure which shows the comparison with an electric field system and a contact system (trolley power transmission system). It is a figure which shows the comparison with an electric field system and a magnetic field system.

  Hereinafter, the principle of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

  In contrast to FIG. 1, the proposed method is characterized by not requiring a contact state.

  FIG. 2 shows a resonant circuit in which two sets of parallel plates and an inductance are connected in series. An oscillator is connected to one side, and a load is connected to the other side, so that the energy of the oscillator can be transmitted to the load.

Similarly, FIG. 3 shows a power transmission system in which two sets of parallel plates and an inductance are resonated in parallel.
2 and 3, power transmission is possible when the resonance frequencies of the power transmission side and the power reception side are matched. Since power is transmitted by the mutual capacitance between two sets of parallel plates, the amount of transmitted power sharply decreases as the distance between the two resonance systems increases.

  On the other hand, in the method of FIGS. 4 and 5, parallel two-wire lines are arranged outside the parallel plate electrode, and the mutual capacitance is half of the capacitance between the flat plate and the conductor, and depends on the distance. No longer. However, the distance attenuation characteristic as a transmission line is superimposed. 4 and 5 show a series resonance method and a parallel resonance method.

  FIG. 6 shows the transmission characteristics of the series resonance system shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 by electromagnetic field simulation. Using the S parameter as the electromagnetic field characteristic, the distance dependence of the S21 characteristic (transmission loss) was obtained. From this, it can be seen that the method using only the parallel plate in FIG. 2 attenuates immediately, but the transmission distance is greatly extended in the method using the line on the outside.

  FIG. 7 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the method of FIGS. However, direct current is also superimposed on the line in this figure, and electric power is supplied to the high frequency electric power using the direct current power source. Reference numeral 19 denotes a DC power supply, and a choke coil 21 is attached so that high frequency does not flow. Reference numeral 22 denotes a high-frequency oscillator which oscillates a high frequency by obtaining a DC power source at an arbitrary point on the line. Reference numeral 17 denotes a load in which an inductor and a load are connected to the parallel plates shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 by a series resonance method or a parallel resonance method. In this figure, a series resonance method and a parallel resonance method are shown together.

The equivalent circuits of the systems of FIGS. 4 and 5 are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, respectively.
When the lines in FIGS. 8 and 9 are lengthened, a standing wave is generated, but the voltage standing wave and the current standing wave delivery are shifted by 90 degrees. For this reason, it is divided into an electric field section with a strong electric field component and a magnetic field section with a strong magnetic field component.

In FIG. 10, a choke coil 21 (which may be a low-pass filter) is inserted for each fixed section of the line, and one or more mid-band oscillators are installed in this section (in the case of multiple installations, synchronization is achieved). ), Current in the Mid band is prevented from flowing. Thereby, it is possible to connect only the electric field sections in which the electric field strength is almost constant over the entire line. FIG. 10 shows an equivalent circuit diagram thereof.
In order to make the electric field strength almost constant, it is necessary to take a section of about 1/12 of the wavelength (λ) on the left and right of the oscillator. For this reason, the total length of one electric field section is approximately λ / 6. Within this electric field interval, the change in electric field strength is approximately ± 6%.
Since the choke coil does not hinder DC power transmission, an oscillator is placed at the center of each electric field section, and DC power can be transmitted to them.
At this time, the length of the electric field section is 50 m when the oscillation frequency is 1 MHz, 25 m when 2 MHz is used, and 7.4 m when 6.78 MHz is used. The higher the frequency, the more choke coils must be inserted at short intervals.

FIG. 11 shows that T branching can be performed using the same concept.
However, since the impedance of the balanced line is high, the problem is that it is easy to radiate electromagnetic waves. In addition, the parallel plate resonator itself radiates electromagnetic waves to the outside. It is difficult to put it to practical use in a system in which electromagnetic waves are strongly radiated to the outside.

In order to solve this problem, as shown in FIG. 12, an outer conductor 9 that functions as a shield is provided. A slit is provided in a part of the shield to extract the output of the power receiving unit to the outside. As a result, the external appearance is the same as that of the method shown in FIG.
In addition, a communication function is added to this track. The communication function considers two lines constituting the balanced line as inner conductors, and allows the outer conductor to function as a coaxial line. For this reason, the communication signal introduced from the outside is equally applied to the two lines through the capacitor, and forms an electric field indicated by 27 in FIG. The balanced line that is the inner conductor has 28 electric fields for power transmission, and some of them overlap but are basically independent.
When performing communication, since the entire two lines connected to the parallel plate operate as a probe, transmission / reception is performed by the pickup coil 29 surrounding the two lines. Further, the choke coil 21 is provided in the pickup for the purpose of preventing the pickup coil from being strongly connected to the electric field in the line.

  FIG. 13 shows an equivalent circuit including the outer conductor. In addition, DC power transmission (DC), contactless power transmission (MHz band Mid), and communication (GHz band, High) are also included. Along with this, the choke coil that divides the voltage section is changed to a Mid Notch Filter 35. In addition, a termination resistor for communication is attached to the termination portion.

  FIG. 13 shows a case where a balanced line is used as a balanced line also in terms of DC, and FIG. 14 shows a case where it is used as an unbalanced line in terms of DC.

  FIG. 15 shows a line having a structure that creates a standing wave over the entire line without providing an electric field section. Thereby, the standing wave appears alternately in the electric field section and the magnetic field section, and both the electric field and the magnetic field change to the peak and zero point. FIG. 15 shows a case where one Mid-band power source is installed, and FIG. 16 shows a case where a plurality of Mid-band power sources are allowed to be installed. However, it is necessary to synchronize each oscillator.

  FIG. 17 shows a voltage standing wave and a current standing wave in the Mid band. From this, an electric field coupling output region 30 in which electric field energy can be acquired, and a magnetic field coupling output region 31 in which magnetic field energy can be acquired. Are overlapped, and this section can take energy in electric and magnetic fields.

  FIG. 18 shows a power receiving system using a coil that extracts energy magnetically. A resonance coil 33 is placed in place of the parallel plate capacitor, and the energy is taken out by the pickup coil 29.

Here are some important terminology.
The electromagnetic induction method refers to a method of transmitting power using a phenomenon in which a potential difference (voltage) is generated in a conductor that exists in an environment in which magnetic flux fluctuates.
The magnetic resonance method is a method in which a resonance circuit is added to the electromagnetic induction method to improve transmission efficiency.
The electric field coupling method refers to a method of transmitting electric power through a capacitor, and the transmission efficiency is improved by using a resonance circuit.

1 parallel plate capacitor, 2 high frequency power supply, 3 series resonance inductor, 4 load (including rectification and smoothing circuit), 5 parallel resonance inductor, 6 transformer, 7 parallel plate line, 8 coaxial line with slit, 9 external conductor, 10 inside Conductor, 11 connector, 12 connector outer conductor, 13 connector inner conductor, 14 elastic dielectric, 15 capacitive coupling or contact coupling, 16 power transmission unit, 17 power receiving unit, 18 junction capacity, 19 DC source, 20 DC blocking capacitor, 21 Choke coil, 22 Mid band power supply, 23 High band power supply, 24 Trunk line, 25 Branch line, 26 Transceiver, 27 Mid band electric field, 28 High band electric field, 29 Pickup coil, 30 Electric field coupling output area, 31 Magnetic field coupling output area, 32 outputs Synthesis or branching device, 33 resonant coil, 34 Mid-band magnetic field, 35 Mid Notch filter, 36 Mid band transmission filter, 37 the resonant inductor

Claims (2)

Two sets of parallel plates,
A resonance circuit in which an inductance is connected in series or in parallel to the two sets of parallel plates;
A parallel two-wire line disposed outside the two sets of parallel plates;
A power supply communication structure comprising: Two sets of parallel plates,
A resonance circuit in which an inductance is connected in series or in parallel to the two sets of parallel plates;
As a power supply communication line used for a power supply communication structure including
Parallel two-wire lines arranged outside the two sets of parallel plates;
Power transmission communication line including.

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