JP2016091941A - Daylighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a daylighting device of the invention capable of effectively reducing the light becoming glare while securing a daylighting function.SOLUTION: A daylighting device of the invention comprises: a plurality of light collection members including a first base material having light permeability and a plurality of light collection parts provided on a first surface of the first base material having light permeability; an optical member for granting optical characteristic to incident light incoming radiation the light collection member; and holding members aligned in a direction intersecting with the plurality of light collection members for holding each of the plurality of light collection members in a state aligned in a shorter direction, in which the light collection part includes a reflection surface for reflecting the incident light in the light collection part; the light reflected by the reflection surface to emit from a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface and to have a characteristic proceeding toward a space on the same side of the light incoming the reflection surface in two spaces to a virtual plane which is orthogonal to the second surface and parallel with an extending direction of the light collection part as a boundary, so that the optical member includes any of light absorbency, light scattering property, and light reflection property.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a daylighting apparatus.

  Conventionally, it has been proposed to use a daylighting member as a technique for efficiently taking outdoor natural light (sunlight) indoors through a window glass or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The daylighting member has a plurality of prism bodies (lighting portions) formed on one surface of a light transmissive film (base material). The daylighting member irradiates the light incident on the window glass toward the indoor ceiling, side wall, floor, etc. while changing the traveling direction of the light with the prism body.

  The light directed to the ceiling is reflected by the ceiling and illuminates the room, and thus substitutes for illumination light. Therefore, according to the daylighting apparatus using such a daylighting member, an energy saving effect that saves the energy consumed by the lighting equipment in the building during the day can be expected.

  By the way, in an office or the like, outdoor natural light (sunlight) is incident indoors (indoors) through a window glass or the like, which may make a person who is indoors feel dazzling. For this reason, a roll screen or the like may be disposed on the front surface of the window glass from the viewpoint of not being dazzled during work and from the viewpoint of security and privacy protection. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent light incident from the window glass from being blocked or peeping into the room through the window glass.

  Currently, a daylighting reel screen (daylighting device) using a number of daylighting members having the prisms described above as a component of a roll screen has been proposed. In such a daylighting roll screen, an effect of efficiently daylighting daylight and irradiating the room ceiling or the like can be obtained.

JP 2012-207444 A

  However, when a large number of daylighting members are used as the constituent elements of the daylighting roll screen, glare increases due to reflection and refraction of light generated for each daylighting member, compared to the case of a daylighting apparatus configured using one daylighting member. End up.

  One aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and even when configured using a plurality of daylighting members, the light that becomes glare is efficiently obtained while ensuring the daylighting function. A daylighting apparatus that can be well reduced can be provided.

  A daylighting device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of daylighting units including a first base material having light transmittance and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on a first surface of the first base material. A member, an optical member that imparts optical characteristics to incident light that has entered the daylighting member, and a plurality of daylighting members that are arranged in a direction intersecting the plurality of daylighting members. A holding member that holds the light, and the daylighting unit has a reflecting surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and is reflected by the reflecting surface and is a second side opposite to the first surface. Of the two spaces having a virtual plane that is perpendicular to the second surface and parallel to the extending direction of the daylighting portion as a boundary, the same side as the side on which the light is incident on the reflecting surface The optical member has a property of proceeding toward the space, and the optical member has a light absorption property, a light scattering property, Characterized in that it has one of the reflective.

  In the lighting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical member may be provided in each of the plurality of lighting members.

  In the daylighting apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, the optical member may be provided on at least one end surface connecting the first surface and the second surface of the first base material.

  In the lighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, the optical member may be provided on the second surface.

  In the daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, the optical member may be provided on a surface of a part of the daylighting unit among the plurality of daylighting units.

  In the lighting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the optical member may be provided between the plurality of lighting members.

  In the daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, the optical member also functions as the holding member, and the optical member is provided on at least one of the light incident side and the light emission side of the plurality of daylighting members. The plurality of daylighting members may be held by a member.

  A daylighting device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of daylighting units including a first base material having light transmittance and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on a first surface of the first base material. A member and a holding member arranged in a direction intersecting with the plurality of daylighting members and holding the plurality of daylighting members in a state of being arranged in the respective short directions, and the daylighting unit is provided in the daylighting unit. A reflecting surface that reflects the incident light, and the light that is reflected by the reflecting surface and emitted from the second surface opposite to the first surface is perpendicular to the second surface and the lighting Among the two spaces having a virtual plane parallel to the extending direction of the part as a boundary, the first base has a characteristic of traveling toward a space on the same side as the light incident side on the reflecting surface. At least one end surface connecting the first surface and the second surface of the material is the first surface side or the second surface. And it is inclined towards the side.

  A daylighting device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of daylighting units including a first base material having light transmittance and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on a first surface of the first base material. A member and a holding member arranged in a direction intersecting with the plurality of daylighting members and holding the plurality of daylighting members in a state of being arranged in the respective short directions, and the daylighting unit is provided in the daylighting unit. A reflection surface that reflects incident light, and the light that is reflected by the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface of the first base is perpendicular to the second surface and extends from the daylighting unit; Of the two spaces having a virtual plane parallel to the present direction as a boundary, the plate of the first base material has a characteristic of traveling toward a space on the same side as the light incident side on the reflection surface. The thickness is smaller than the dimension of the first base material along the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units.

  In the daylighting apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the first base material is t, the length of the first surface of the first base material along the arrangement direction of the two spaces is L, and the first base material. It is good also as a structure which satisfy | fills t <(L * tan (theta) n) and (theta) n = arcsin (sin88 degrees / n) when the refractive index of a material is set to n.

  In the daylighting apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention, when the refractive index n of the first base material is 1.5, the structure may satisfy t <(L × tan 42 °).

  As described above, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a daylighting apparatus capable of efficiently reducing glare light while ensuring the daylighting function even when configured using a plurality of daylighting members. One of the purposes is to provide it.

(A) is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the roll screen in 1st Embodiment of this invention, (B) is a figure which expands and shows a part of roll screen shown to (A). Sectional drawing which follows the E-E 'line | wire of FIG. 1 (B). The figure which shows schematic structure and optical characteristic of the lighting member in 1st Embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows an example of a room model. Explanatory drawing of an incident angle and an output angle. (A) is a figure for demonstrating the optical effect | action in the conventional lighting film, (B) is a figure for demonstrating the optical action of the conventional roll screen which has a some lighting member. The figure explaining the optical effect | action of the roll screen in 1st Embodiment. (A), (B) is a figure which shows the modification of the lighting member in 1st Embodiment. (A)-(C) are figures which show the other modification of the lighting member in 1st Embodiment. (A)-(C) are figures which show the other modification of the lighting member in 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows schematic structure of the roll screen of 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification of the roll screen in 2nd Embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows schematic structure of the roll screen of 3rd Embodiment, (B) shows one of the lighting members, and is a figure for demonstrating an optical characteristic. The figure which shows the modification of the optical member in 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification of the optical member in 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification of the lighting member in 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the roll screen of 4th Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the roll screen of 4th Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the roll screen of 4th Embodiment. (A)-(D) are figures which show the structural example of an optical member. (A)-(D) are figures which show the structural example of an optical member. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the roll screen of 5th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 1 of the planar holding member in 5th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 2 of the planar holding member in 5th Embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows the winding state of the roll screen in 5th Embodiment, (B) is a figure which shows the winding state of the roll screen which is one modification of 5th Embodiment. (A) is a figure which shows schematic structure of the roll screen of 6th Embodiment, (B) is a figure which shows schematic structure of one lighting member. (A), (B) is a figure which shows the optical characteristic of the lighting member in embodiment. (A), (B) is a figure which shows schematic structure and the optical characteristic of the lighting member as a comparative example. The figure which shows the inhibitory effect of the glare light by the vertical / horizontal dimension ratio of a 1st base material. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J ′ in FIG. 31, which is a room model including a daylighting device and an illumination dimming system. The top view which shows the ceiling of a room model. The graph which shows the relationship between the illumination intensity of the light (natural light) daylighted indoors by the lighting apparatus, and the illumination intensity (illumination dimming system) by an indoor lighting apparatus.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each drawing used for the following description, the scale of each member is appropriately changed to make each member a recognizable size.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing the entire configuration of the roll screen in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B shows an enlarged part of the roll screen shown in FIG. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE ′ of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1A, a roll screen (lighting device) 100 according to the present embodiment includes a daylighting screen 102 and a winding mechanism 103 that supports the daylighting screen 102 so as to be freely wound.

  The winding mechanism 103 is attached to the winding core 104 attached along the upper end portion of the daylighting screen 102, the lower pipe 105 attached along the lower end portion of the daylighting screen 102, and the center of the lower end portion of the daylighting screen 102. And a storage case 107 for storing the daylighting screen 102 wound around the winding core 104.

  The winding mechanism 103 is a pull-cord type, and is fixed at the position where the daylighting screen 102 is pulled out, or by further pulling the tensioning cord 106 from the position where it is pulled out, thereby releasing the fixing and bringing the daylighting screen 102 to the core 104. It is possible to wind up automatically. The winding mechanism 103 is not limited to such a pull cord type, but may be a chain type winding mechanism that rotates the winding core 104 with a chain, an automatic winding mechanism that rotates the winding core 104 with a motor, or the like. There may be.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the daylighting screen 102 includes a plurality of daylighting members 1 and a plurality of holding members 5 that hold these members. In the daylighting screen 102, the first holding member 5 </ b> A is provided for each one daylighting member 1 from the upper daylighting member 1 toward the lower daylighting member 1. Are arranged alternately. The second holding member 5B adjacent to the first holding member 5A has a front side, a back side, a front side, and a back side for each daylighting member 1 from the upper daylighting member 1 toward the lower daylighting member 1. ,... Are arranged alternately. The first holding member 5A and the second holding member 5B extend in the vertical direction (Z direction) substantially in parallel. The plurality of daylighting members 1, the plurality of first holding members 5A, and the second holding members 5B are composed of planar structures such as a so-called plain weave.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting member 1 includes a first base material 2 having optical transparency, a plurality of daylighting portions 3 formed side by side on the first surface 2 a of the first base material 2, and a plurality of daylighting units. A plurality of gaps 4 formed between each of the parts 3 and a light absorption layer 6 as an optical member in the present invention are provided.

  The roll screen 100 having the above-described configuration has the window glass 1003 while pulling out the daylighting screen 102 stored in the storage case 107 with the pull cord 106 in a state where the storage case 107 is fixed to the upper part of the window glass 1003. It is used in a state where it faces the inner surface. At this time, the daylighting screen 102 is arranged in a direction in which the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units 3 matches the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the window glass 1003 with respect to the window glass 1003. In other words, the daylighting screen 102 is arranged so that the extending direction of the plurality of daylighting units 3 with respect to the window glass 1003 coincides with the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) of the window glass 1003.

  The daylighting screen 102 opposed to the inner surface of the window glass 1003 irradiates the light incident on the room through the window glass 1003 toward the indoor ceiling while changing the light traveling direction in the plurality of daylighting units 3. Moreover, since the light which goes to a ceiling reflects on a ceiling and illuminates a room, it becomes a substitute for illumination light. Therefore, when such a roll screen 100 is used, the energy saving effect which saves the energy which the lighting installation in a building consumes during the day can be expected.

  As described above, when the roll screen 100 according to the present embodiment is used, outdoor natural light (sunlight) is efficiently taken indoors, and the indoor interior is not made to feel dazzling. It is possible to make the person feel brighter, and it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the irradiation position associated with changes in the altitude of the sun.

(Lighting member)
Next, a plurality of daylighting members constituting the daylighting screen 102 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the daylighting member 1 includes a first base material 2, a plurality of daylighting units 3, a plurality of gaps 4, and a light absorption layer 6 (optical member). .

  The 1st base material 2 is comprised from light transmissive resin, such as a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting resin, and photopolymerizable resin. As the light-transmitting resin, one made of acrylic polymer, olefin polymer, vinyl polymer, cellulose polymer, amide polymer, fluorine polymer, urethane polymer, silicone polymer, imide polymer, or the like is used. it can. Among them, for example, polymethyl methacrylate resin (PMMA), triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cycloolefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone (PES), polyimide (PI), etc. can be used suitably. 90% or more of the total light transmittance of the 1st base material 2 is preferable by prescription | regulation of JISK7361-1. Thereby, sufficient transparency can be obtained.

  The daylighting unit 3 is made of, for example, an organic material having optical transparency and photosensitivity such as acrylic resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin. A mixture of these organic materials with a polymerization initiator, a coupling agent, a monomer, an organic solvent and the like is used. The polymerization initiator may contain various additive components such as a stabilizer, an inhibitor, a plasticizer, a fluorescent brightening agent, a release agent, a chain transfer agent, and other photopolymerizable monomers. . In addition, materials described in Japanese Patent No. 41299991 can be used. 90% or more of the total light transmittance of the lighting part 3 is preferable by prescription | regulation of JISK7361-1. Thereby, sufficient transparency is obtained.

  The plurality of daylighting units 3 extend in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction) and are arranged side by side in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) when the roll screen 100 is installed indoors. The daylighting unit 3 is configured by a prism body having a polygonal cross-sectional shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the daylighting unit 3 has a hexagonal shape having, for example, five apexes in a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and the apex angles are all less than 180 °. Of the surfaces 3A to 3E of the daylighting unit 3, the surface 3D and the surface 3E located below the straight line f perpendicular to the surface 3A passing through the apex q reflect the light incident from the surfaces 3B and 3C. Function as.

  Of the two spaces having a horizontal plane (virtual plane) including the straight line f as a boundary, the space on the side where the light L incident on the incident point I exists is defined as a first space S1, and the light L incident on the incident point I Let the space on the side where no exists be the second space S2.

  Since air exists in the gap 4 that is a space between the adjacent daylighting units 3, the surface of the daylighting unit 3 becomes an interface between the resin material constituting the daylighting unit 3 and air. The gap 4 may be filled with a low refractive index material other than air. However, the difference in refractive index at the interface between the daylighting portion 3 and the gap portion 4 is maximized when air is present rather than when any low refractive index material is present in the gap portion 4.

  It is desirable that the refractive index of the first base material 2 and the refractive index of the daylighting unit 3 are substantially equal. The reason is that, for example, when the refractive index of the first base material 2 and the refractive index of the daylighting unit 3 are greatly different, when the light enters the first base material 2 from the daylighting unit 3, Unnecessary light refraction or reflection may occur at the interface with the substrate 2. In this case, there is a possibility that problems such as failure to obtain desired lighting characteristics and a decrease in luminance may occur.

  The light absorption layer 6 is for absorbing a part of the light incident on the daylighting member 1, that is, light that becomes so-called glare. The material of the light absorption layer 6 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a material having excellent light absorption characteristics that can block glare light.

  As a manufacturing method of the daylighting member 1, for example, a plurality of daylighting sections 3 can be formed on the first base member 2 by using a photolithography technique. Alternatively, the daylighting member 1 can be manufactured by a method such as a melt extrusion method, a die extrusion method, or an imprint method other than the method using the photolithography technique. In methods such as the melt extrusion method and the mold extrusion method, the first base material 2 and the plurality of daylighting units 3 are integrally formed of the same resin. The light absorption layer 6 is bonded to the lower end surface of the first substrate 2 with an adhesive (not shown) or the like.

Most of the light incident on the daylighting member 1 is directly incident from the sun. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, light is incident mainly from obliquely above the daylighting member 1. Light L entering the lighting member 1 through a window glass 1003 shown in FIG. 1 is incident at an incident angle theta _IN the lighting part 3 of the lighting member 1, refraction and reflection, emission angle theta obliquely upward _Eject at _OUT . Specifically, the light incident on the daylighting member 1 is refracted, for example, on the surface 3C of the daylighting unit 3 and travels toward the surface 3E. Proceed to the direction, that is, toward the space S1.

  In the daylighting member 1 of the present embodiment, a light absorbing layer 6 is provided on the lower end surface 2c that connects the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b of the first base material 2. As will be described in detail later, the light absorbing layer 6 can suppress the generation of so-called glare light that makes the person in the room feel dazzling among the light L that has entered the room through the window glass 1003. . By using the roll screen 100 of this embodiment, the light L incident on the room through the window glass 1003 can be efficiently emitted toward the ceiling without causing a person in the room to feel dazzling. A good indoor environment can be obtained.

  Here, the daylighting characteristics of the daylighting member 1 will be described using the room model 1000 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the room model 1000.

  The room model 1000 is a model that assumes use of the roll screen 100 in an office, for example. Specifically, a room model 1000 shown in FIG. 4 is a room surrounded by a ceiling 1001, a floor 1002, a front side wall 1004 to which a window glass 1003 is attached, and a back side wall 1005 facing the front side wall 1004. 1006 illustrates a case where outdoor light L is incident obliquely from above through the window glass 1003. The roll screen 100 is installed in a window frame (not shown) inside the window glass 1003.

  In the room model 1000, the height dimension (dimension from the ceiling 1001 to the floor 1002) H of the room 1006 is 2.7 m, the vertical dimension H2 of the window glass 1003 is 0.7 m from the ceiling 1001, and the vertical dimension of the roll screen 100 H1 is slightly shorter than or equal to the vertical dimension H2 of the window glass 1003, and the depth dimension (dimension from the front side wall 1004 to the back side wall 1005) W is 16 m.

  In the room model 1000, there are a person Ma sitting on a chair in the room 1006 and a person Mb standing on the floor 1002 in the back of the room 1006. The eye height Ha of the person Ma sitting on the chair is 1.15 m from the floor 1002, and the eye height Hb of the person Mb standing on the floor 1002 is 1.8 m from the floor 1002.

  The area where the persons Ma and Mb in the room 1006 feel glare (hereinafter referred to as glare area G) is the range of the eye heights Ha and Hb of the persons Ma and Mb in the room. The vicinity of the window glass 1003 in the room 1006 is a region F where the outdoor light L is directly irradiated through the window glass 1003 mainly when the roll screen 100 is rolled up. This region F is in the range of 1.5 m from the side wall 1004 on the near side. Therefore, the glare region G is a range from a position 1 m away from the near side wall 1004 excluding the region F to the deep side wall 1005 in the height range of 1.15 m to 1.8 m from the floor 1002. .

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the incident angle and the outgoing angle.
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the incident angle theta _IN of the incident light L _IN entering the daylighting unit 3 of the lighting member 1 constituting the shade 100, the first substrate 2 second face 2b ( It explained defining the exit angle theta _OUT of the output light L _OUT emitted through the light exit plane).

Emission angle theta _OUT of the incident angle theta _IN and outgoing light _{L OUT} of the incident light _{L IN,} as shown in FIG. 5, the direction of the angle along the normal of the substrate 2 and 0 °, the direction toward the ceiling 1001 Is defined as positive (+), and the angle toward the floor 1002 is defined as negative (-).

In shade 100 of the present embodiment, when the incident angle theta _IN of the incident light L _IN incident on the lighting part 3 is in the range of 20 ° ≦ θ _IN ≦ 50 ° to the normal of the first substrate 2, on the same side as the incident light _{L iN} emission angle theta _OUT of the output light _{L OUT} emitted from the other surface of the substrate 2 is with respect to the normal to the substrate 2 (+ _{side) 0 ° ≦ θ OUT ≦ 15} ° and In such a range, the luminance of the outgoing light L _OUT is set to be relatively high.

On the other hand, out of the outgoing light L _OUT emitted from the other surface of the substrate 2, the outgoing angle θ _OUT is negative (−), specifically within the range of −45 ° ≦ θ _OUT ≦ −2 °. The light emitted at the outgoing angle θ _OUT can be glare light. In FIG. 5, θ1 is −2 ° and θ2 is −45 °.

Even if the emission angle θ _OUT is negative (−), the light emitted at a part of the angle becomes light that contributes to daylighting. Depending on the height at which the roll screen 100 is installed, in the installation state as shown in FIG. 5, the light emitted in the range where the emission angle θ _OUT is −2 ° <θ _OUT ≦ 90 °. Becomes light traveling toward the ceiling 1001 or the side wall 1005 facing, and contributes to daylighting. Further, the light emitted when the emission angle θ _OUT is within the range of −90 ° <θ _OUT <−45 ° becomes light directed toward the floor 1002, and does not become glare light.

  Thereby, among the light L incident on the room 1006 through the window glass 1003, the luminance of the light toward the ceiling 1001 can be relatively increased while the luminance of the light toward the glare region G and the light toward the floor 1002 is reduced. Is possible. That is, the light L incident on the room 1006 through the window glass 1003 can be efficiently emitted toward the ceiling 1001. Further, the light L toward the ceiling 1001 can be irradiated to the back of the room 1006 without causing the people Ma and Mb in the room 1006 to feel dazzling.

  Furthermore, the light L ′ reflected by the ceiling 1001 illuminates the room 1006 brightly over a wide range, instead of illumination light. In this case, by turning off the lighting equipment in the room 1006, an energy saving effect that saves the energy consumed by the lighting equipment in the room 1006 during the day can be expected.

FIG. 6A is a view for explaining the optical action of the daylighting film in Comparative Example 1. FIG.
In the case of the daylighting film 201 of the type that is directly attached to the window, most of the incident sunlight L is emitted obliquely upward on the reflecting surface of each daylighting unit 3 to irradiate the indoor ceiling. In addition, the light L1 (glare component light) that is transmitted without being reflected by the daylighting unit 3 is incident at a large angle with respect to the interface between the film base material 202 and the indoor space. The light is returned again to the daylighting unit 3 side.

  On the other hand, the light L2 incident on the daylighting unit 3 located on the upper side of the daylighting film 201 is reflected obliquely upward on the reflection surface of the daylighting unit 3 and enters the upper end surface 202d (horizontal end surface) of the film base 202. The upper end surface 202d is reflected and emitted obliquely downward. In addition, the light L3 incident on the daylighting unit 3 located on the lower side of the daylighting film 201 is transmitted as it is without being reflected by the daylighting unit 3, and enters the lower end surface 202c (horizontal end surface) of the film base 202, The lower end face 202c is refracted and emitted obliquely downward.

  When the light L1, L2, and L3 as described above are emitted into the room, glare light that makes a person in the room feel dazzling.

FIG. 6B is a diagram for explaining the optical action of the daylighting apparatus having a plurality of daylighting members in Comparative Example 2.
Since the daylighting device 203 is composed of a plurality of daylighting members 31, there are many horizontal end faces as compared to the daylighting film 201, and the optical characteristics greatly affect the overall characteristics of the daylighting device 203. That is, since the number of horizontal end faces increases as compared with the configuration of the daylighting film alone shown in FIG. 6A, the light toward the glare region also increases.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the light reflected or refracted on the upper end surface 32d and the lower end surface 32c of the base material 32 of the daylighting member 31 is emitted in a direction that causes glare for a person in the room. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent reflection or refraction at the horizontal end face of each daylighting member 31.

  Therefore, in the roll screen 100 of the present embodiment, the light absorbing layer 6 is provided on the lower end surface 2c of each daylighting member 1 constituting the daylighting screen 102.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the optical action of the roll screen 100 in the first embodiment.
Of the light incident on the daylighting screen 102, the indoor ceiling is illuminated by the light reflected and emitted obliquely upward in the daylighting section 3 of each daylighting member 1. On the other hand, of the light incident on the daylighting screen 102, the light incident on the lower end surface 2 c of the first base material 2 without being reflected by the daylighting unit 3 of the daylighting member 1 is absorbed by the light absorption layer 6 and thus is indoors. It will not be injected into. Thereby, since the light emitted in the direction of glare can be reduced, a favorable indoor environment can be realized.

  In addition, even if it is the structure which provided the light absorption layer 6 only in the lower end surface 2c of the 1st base material 2 in the lighting member 1 like this embodiment, although an effect is exhibited in suppression of glare light, the upper end surface 2d Alternatively, the light absorption layer 6 may be provided. As a result, light that has been reflected obliquely downward on the upper end surface 2d can also be absorbed, and the glare light suppression effect can be further enhanced.

  Moreover, you may provide the member which has light scattering property or light reflectivity instead of the light absorption layer 6 as an optical member.

(Modification of daylighting member)
FIGS. 8A and 8B are views showing a modification of the daylighting member in the first embodiment.
The daylighting member 1 shown in FIG. 8A includes a light scattering layer 11 as an optical member on the lower end surface 2 c of the first base material 2. Thereby, since the light incident on the lower end surface 2c of the first base member 2 can be scattered and emitted, the light directly directed to the glare region can be reduced.
The daylighting member 1 shown in FIG. 8B includes a light reflecting layer 12 on the lower end surface 2c of the first base member 2 as an optical member. The light reflecting layer 12 can reflect light incident on the lower end surface 2c of the first base material 2 obliquely upward. Thus, the light that becomes glare can be converted into light that contributes to daylighting.

FIGS. 9A to 9C are views showing another modification of the daylighting member in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, any one of the light absorbing layer 6, the light scattering layer 11, and the light reflecting layer 12 as an optical member is provided on the light emitting side surface of the lighting member 1. It may be done. Specifically, it is disposed on the upper side of the second surface 2 b of the first base material 2.

  Thereby, when the light absorption layer 6 is provided, the light reflected obliquely downward at the upper end surface 2d of the first base member 2 can be absorbed, and thus the light toward the glare is emitted indoors. Can be prevented.

  Further, in the case of the configuration provided with the light scattering layer 11, the light directly directed to the glare region can be reduced by scattering the light reflected obliquely downward on the upper end surface 2 d of the first base material 2. .

  Further, in the case of the configuration provided with the light reflection layer 12, by reflecting the light reflected obliquely downward on the upper end surface 2d of the first base material 2 with the light reflection layer 12 and returning it into the daylighting member 1, Light directed toward the glare area can be reduced.

  In addition, although the structure which has arrange | positioned the optical member above the 2nd surface 2b of the 1st base material 2 was described here, it is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the optical member below the 2nd surface 2b. Or it is good also as a structure provided with the optical member in both upper and lower sides.

FIGS. 10A to 10C are views showing another modification of the daylighting member in the first embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, any one of the light absorption layer 6, the light scattering layer 11, and the light reflection layer 12 as an optical member is part of the daylighting unit 3 in the daylighting member 1. It may be provided on the surface. Specifically, any one of the optical members described above is provided so as to partially cover the light incident side surfaces of the plurality of daylighting units 3 positioned below each daylighting member 1.

  In the present embodiment, any one of the optical members described above is provided on the surface 3B and the surface 3C of the daylighting unit 3 on which sunlight is incident, and is positioned below the daylighting unit 3 where the sunlight hardly enters. The surface 3D and the surface 3E are not provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and optical members may also be provided on the surface 3D and the surface 3E.

  Thereby, when the light absorption layer 6 is provided, the light which goes to the glare area | region from the lower end surface 2c of the 1st base material 2 is absorbed by absorbing the light which injects into the lighting part 3 of the lower side of the lighting member 1. Can be eliminated.

  Further, when the light scattering layer 11 is provided, the light incident on the lower daylighting unit 3 on the lower side of the daylighting member 1 is scattered in advance, so that the light passing through the daylighting unit 3 and going to the glare region can be eliminated. it can.

  In addition, when the light reflection layer 12 is provided, a part of sunlight is reflected in advance by the light reflection layer 12 to prevent light from entering the daylighting unit 3 located below the daylighting member 1. be able to. Thereby, the light which goes to the glare area | region which permeate | transmitted the lighting part 3 can be eliminated.

  In addition, although it was set as the structure provided with the optical member on the surface of the lighting part 3 located in the lower side in the lighting member 1 here, the structure provided with the optical member on the surface of the lighting part 3 located in the upper side in the lighting member 1 It is good.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the roll screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The basic configuration of the roll screen of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the installation position of the optical member is different. Therefore, in the following description, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, in each drawing used for description, the same reference numerals are given to components common to the previous embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a roll screen according to the second embodiment.
The roll screen (lighting device) 120 of this embodiment includes a lighting screen 121 including a plurality of lighting members 122. Each daylighting member 122 includes the light absorption layer 6 on the upper end surface 2 d of the first base material 2.
As described above, of the light incident on the daylighting member 122, the light reflected obliquely upward in the daylighting unit 3 located on the upper side is absorbed by the light absorbing layer 6 without being reflected on the upper end surface 2d. As a result, it is possible to eliminate light that has been glare reflected by the upper end surface 2d obliquely downward.

(Modification)
FIG. 12 is a view showing a modification of the roll screen in the second embodiment.
A roll screen (lighting device) 125 shown in FIG. 12 includes a plurality of daylighting members 126 having the light scattering layer 11 instead of the light absorption layer 6 described above. As a result, of the light incident on the daylighting member 126, the light incident on the upper end surface 2 d of the first base member 2 after being reflected obliquely upward by the daylighting unit 3 is scattered and emitted from the light scattering layer 11. Can do.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the light that goes directly to the glare region, and it is not necessary to make a person in the room feel dazzling.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, the roll screen according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The basic configuration of the roll screen of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but is different in that the base material end surface of the daylighting member is inclined. Therefore, in the following description, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, in each drawing used for description, the same reference numerals are given to components common to the previous embodiment.

FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a roll screen (lighting device) 130 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 13B shows one of the daylighting members and is a diagram for explaining optical characteristics.
In the roll screen 130 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13A, the upper end surface 2d of the first base material 2 constituting the daylighting member 131 is predetermined with respect to the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b. The structure is inclined at an angle of. Specifically, the upper inclined surface 2d connecting the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b of the first base material 2 is inclined so as to spread outward from the first surface 2a side toward the second surface 2b side. Yes. On the other hand, the lower end surface 2c is a surface perpendicular to the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b. In the following description, the upper end surface 2d may be referred to as an upper inclined surface 2d.

  As described above with reference to FIG. 6B, the light reflected on the upper daylighting portion 33 out of the light incident on the daylighting member 31 is obliquely lower on the upper inclined surface 2 d of the first base material 32. Is reflected to the glare region.

  On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13B, the light incident on the daylighting member 131 is totally reflected by the daylighting unit 3 and then the upper inclined surface of the first base material 2. Reflected at 2d and emitted into the room. That is, the light can be reflected in a direction different from the case where the light is reflected from the horizontal end face. The light reflected by the horizontal end surface travels toward the glare region, but the light reflected by the upper inclined surface 2d travels in a direction that does not enter the line of sight of a person in the room.

  In this way, by providing the upper inclined surface 2d, the light reflected and emitted from the upper inclined surface 2d does not go to the glare region, but to a light beam that goes in the direction of the wall facing the ceiling or the window in the room. Become.

  Even if the optical member is not separately used as in the present embodiment, the glare that is emitted into the room by changing the light reflection direction by inclining the upper inclined surface 2d of the first substrate 2 Can be suppressed.

(Modification of daylighting member)
FIGS. 14-16 is a figure which shows the modification of the lighting member in 3rd Embodiment.
As in the daylighting member 132 shown in FIG. 14, the inclination direction of the upper end surface 2 d of the first base material 2 may be opposite to the configuration shown in FIG. Specifically, the upper inclined surface 2d connecting the first surface 2a and the second surface 2b of the first base material 2 is inclined so as to spread outward from the second surface 2b side toward the first surface 2a side. ing.

  According to this configuration, the light reflected on the upper inclined surface 2d of the first substrate 2 is incident on the second surface 2b of the first substrate 2 at a large angle (an angle greater than the critical angle). The light is totally reflected at the interface between the first base material 2 and the indoor space, that is, the second surface 2b, and returned to the daylighting member 132. Thereby, it is possible to attenuate the light that becomes glare without emitting it to the room.

  As in the daylighting member 133 shown in FIG. 15, the lower end surface 2 c (hereinafter, also referred to as a lower inclined surface 2 c) of the first base material 2 may be an inclined surface. Thereby, the light that has passed through the daylighting unit 3 located on the lower side of the daylighting member 133 is reflected obliquely upward on the lower inclined surface 2c, and the light contributes to daylighting. In the following description, the lower end surface 2c may be referred to as a lower inclined surface 2c.

  As in the daylighting member 134 shown in FIG. 16, the inclination direction of the lower end surface 2 c of the first base material 2 may be opposite to that in FIG. 15. As a result, the light path is changed so that the light transmitted through the daylighting unit 3 located on the lower side of the daylighting member 134 becomes light further downward on the lower inclined surface 2c than when it is refracted at the simple vertical end surface. Is done. Since this light is emitted toward the floor near the window, it does not enter the human eye.

  As described above, since the at least one of the upper end surface 2d and the lower end surface 2c of the first base member 2 is inclined, the traveling direction can be changed to the light toward the glare. It is possible to provide an indoor environment where people in the city do not feel dazzling.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the roll screen according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The basic configuration of the roll screen of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the arrangement location of the optical member is different. Therefore, in the following description, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, in each drawing used for description, the same reference numerals are given to components common to the previous embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a roll screen (lighting device) 140 according to the fourth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 17, the roll screen 140 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of daylighting members 1 and a plurality of light shielding members 142, and an optical member between the daylighting members 1 adjacent in the vertical direction. The light shielding members 142 are arranged respectively.

  The light blocking member 142 has a thickness that is substantially the same as the thickness of the first base member 2 in the daylighting member 141, and the cross-sectional shape in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the daylighting member 141 is substantially square. The light blocking member 142 extends along the longitudinal direction of the daylighting member 1, that is, the extending direction (X direction) of the daylighting unit 3. Most of the plurality of light shielding members 142 are disposed between the daylighting members 1, but among the plurality of daylighting members 1 arranged in the vertical direction, the light shielding member 142 is also disposed below the lowermost daylighting member 1. Has been.

  According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the light emitted from the lower end surface 2 c of the first base material 2 without being incident on the reflecting surface of the daylighting unit 3 among the light incident on the daylighting member 1 is absorbed by the light shielding member 142. can do. When the light emitted from the lower end surface 2c of the first base material 2 is directly guided into the room, it becomes glare. Therefore, the glare is absorbed by the light shielding member 142, thereby reducing the light entering the eyes of the person in the room. be able to. Thereby, a comfortable indoor environment can be provided.

  In the present embodiment, a light shielding member 142 is provided below each of the plurality of daylighting members 1. Thus, all of the plurality of daylighting members 1 constituting the roll screen 140 are provided with anti-glare measures.

As shown in FIG. 18, a light scattering member 143 may be provided as an optical member in place of the light shielding member 142. Thereby, the light which permeate | transmitted the lighting member 1 and inject | emitted from the lower end surface 2c of the 1st base material 2 can be light-guided indoors in the state scattered.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 19, you may provide the light reflection member 144 as an optical member. In this case, the light transmitted through the lighting member 1 and emitted from the lower end surface 2c can be reflected on the upper surface 144a of the light reflecting member 144 and changed to light traveling toward the indoor ceiling.

(Modification of optical member)
20A to 20D are diagrams showing examples of the shape of the optical member in the fourth embodiment, and show a light-shielding member made of one member as the optical member.

  In the present embodiment described above, the light shielding member 142 having a substantially square cross-sectional shape is used as the optical member, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the cross-sectional shape may be a rectangle like a light shielding member 145 shown in FIG. 20A, or the cross-sectional shape may be a circle like a light shielding member 146 shown in FIG. Further, as in a light shielding member 147 illustrated in FIG. 20C, a shape in which a central portion in the longitudinal direction is recessed inward in a cross section may be employed. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 20D, a light shielding member 148 may have a shape in which the central portion in the longitudinal direction swells outward in the cross section.

FIGS. 21A to 21D are diagrams showing examples of the shape of the optical member in the fourth embodiment, and show a light shielding member made up of two or three members as the optical member.
Like the light shielding member 149 shown in FIG. 21A, the light shielding member 149 may be composed of two members having different cross-sectional shapes. The light shielding member 149 includes a first member 41 having a substantially rectangular shape in cross section and a second member 42 having a substantially square shape in cross section. The first member 41 having a large cross sectional area is a first member 41. The second member 42 having a smaller cross-sectional area than the member 41 is arranged on the upper side.

  Like the light shielding member 150 shown in FIG. 21B, the cross-sectional shape may be a T-shape. Specifically, the light shielding member 150 includes a first member 51 having a length in the thickness direction of the daylighting member 1 in the cross-sectional shape, and a second member 52 having a length in the arrangement direction of the daylighting member 1 in the cross-sectional shape. The second member 52 extends downward from the center of the lower surface of the first member 51.

  Like the light shielding member 151 shown in FIG. 21C, the cross-sectional shape may be an inverted T shape. That is, the second member 52 extends upward from the center of the upper surface of the first member 51.

  Like the light shielding member 152 shown in FIG. 21D, the cross-sectional shape may be H-shaped. Specifically, the light shielding member 152 includes a pair of the first member 51 described above and a second member 52 that connects the central portions of the pair of first members 51 that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, the roll screen in the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The basic configuration of the roll screen (lighting device) 155 of the present embodiment described below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the holding members that hold the plurality of lighting members 1 in a connected state are different. Therefore, in the following description, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, in each drawing used for description, the same reference numerals are given to components common to the previous embodiment.

In the previous embodiment, the plurality of daylighting members 1 are fastened and held by two types of thread-like holding members, but in the present embodiment, the planar holding member 156 that holds the plurality of daylighting members 1 in a lump. Is adopted.
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the roll screen 155 of the fifth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 22, the roll screen 155 of this embodiment includes a plurality of daylighting members 1 and a pair of planar holding members 156 and 156 that connect the plurality of daylighting members 1. The planar holding members (optical members) 156 and 156 of the present embodiment are film-shaped made of a material having a light absorption property. One first planar holding member 156A is bonded to the light incident side of each lighting member 1, and the other second planar holding member 156B is bonded to the light emitting side of each lighting member 1.

  As described above, the pair of planar holding members 156 and 156 are provided so as to sandwich both sides of the plurality of daylighting members 1 arranged in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, a plurality of daylighting members 1 can be wound along the surfaces of the planar holding members 156 and 156 by rolling the planar holding members 156 and 156 as shown in FIG. . As a result, the rollability of the roll screen 155 can be improved.

  Returning to FIG. 22, in this embodiment value, a part of the sunlight incident on the roll screen 155 is first absorbed by the first planar holding member 156 </ b> A, so that the light incident on each daylighting member 1 is slightly reduced. To do. The light incident on the daylighting member 1 is refracted and reflected by the daylighting unit 3 or the first base material 2 and emitted, and a part of the emitted light is further absorbed by the second planar holding member 156B. The light emitted from the daylighting member 1 includes not only light rays emitted toward the indoor ceiling side, but also light rays directed toward the glare region. In particular, the light traveling toward the glare region is absorbed by the second planar holding member 156B, so that a person in the room can be prevented from feeling dazzling.

  Further, as described above, in the present embodiment, the pair of planar holding members 156 are provided so as to cover both sides of the plurality of daylighting members 1 arranged in the vertical direction. For this reason, light that is directly transmitted into the room from between the daylighting members 1 arranged at intervals can be absorbed by the pair of planar holding members 156. Note that light emitted from the daylighting member 1 toward the indoor ceiling is also slightly absorbed by the planar holding member 156. However, the intensity of light toward the glare region is attenuated, thereby improving the indoor environment. It leads to.

(Modification 1 of planar holding member)
FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a first modification of the planar holding member in the fifth embodiment.
A roll screen (lighting device) 157 shown in FIG. 23 includes a pair of planar holding members (optical members) 158 and 158 provided with light scattering properties. The sunlight that has entered the roll screen 157 of this example first enters the daylighting member 1 after being scattered by the first planar holding member 158A. The light emitted from the daylighting member 1 is further scattered by the second planar holding member 158B and emitted into the room.

  As described above, by adopting a configuration in which the light scattering characteristic is functioned in two stages, the traveling direction of the light beam is dispersed, and the light beam traveling toward the glare region is reduced. In addition, the light that has been directly transmitted between the daylighting members 1 and directed toward the glare until now is also scattered by each of the planar holding members 158 and 158, so that the light beam toward the glare region can be further reduced. .

(Modification 2 of a planar holding member)
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a second modification of the planar holding member in the fifth embodiment.
A roll screen (lighting device) 159 shown in FIG. 24 includes planar holding members (optical members) 160 and 160 having partially transflective performance. One planar holding member 160 </ b> A in this example includes a plurality of transflective members 161 and a plurality of light transmissive members 162, which are alternately provided along the arrangement direction of the daylighting members 1. ing. The transflective member 161 has both light reflectivity and light transmissivity, and has an optical characteristic of transmitting a part of incident light and reflecting the remaining light.

  The other planar holding member 160B in this example has a plurality of light reflecting members 163 and a plurality of light transmitting members 162, which are alternately provided along the arrangement direction of the daylighting members 1. Yes. The light reflecting member 163 reflects or absorbs part of the light transmitted through the planar holding member 160A.

  In the first planar holding member 160A and the second planar holding member 160B, the positions of the semi-transmissive reflective member 161 and the light reflective member 163 that face each other and the positions of the light transmissive members 162 are up and down. There is a slight deviation in the direction. That is, the light reflecting member 163 (light transmitting member) of the second sheet holding member 160B facing the surface (facing in the Y direction) rather than the transflective member 1621 (light transmitting member 162) of the first sheet member 160A. The member 162) is present at a slightly lower position in the vertical direction (Z direction).

  Specifically, the first planar holding member 160 </ b> A in this example is configured such that the upper end surface 2 d of each daylighting member 1 is positioned at the center in the vertical direction (Z direction) of each transflective member 161. On the other hand, the second planar holding member 160B is configured such that the upper surface 163c of each light reflecting member 163 coincides with the lower end surface 2c of the daylighting member 1 positioned above in the arrangement direction of the daylighting members 1. As described above, in the case of the configuration of only the plurality of daylighting members 1, the transflective member 161 and the second planar holding member 160B of the first planar holding member 160A are on the optical path when the light toward the glare region is transmitted. The light reflecting member 163 is present.

  Of the sunlight incident on the roll screen 159 of this example, part of the light incident on the transflective member 161 of the first planar holding member 160A is transmitted, and the remaining light is reflected on the surface. Of the light transmitted through the transflective member 161, the light incident on the upper end surface 2d of the first base member 2 in the daylighting member 1 is reflected by the upper end surface 2d and then reflected by the second planar holding member 160B. It is reflected by the member 163 and is not emitted indoors.

  On the other hand, of the remaining light transmitted through the transflective member 161 of the first planar holding member 160B, the light incident on the daylighting unit 3 on the upper side of the daylighting member 1 is reflected on the first base material 2 in the daylighting unit 3. After being reflected toward the end surface 2d side, following the reflection at the upper end surface 2d, the light is reflected by the light reflecting member 163 and returned to the daylighting member 1.

  Further, the remaining light transmitted through the transflective member 161 of the first planar holding member 160A is transmitted between the lighting members 1 arranged vertically without entering the lighting member 1, and the second planar holding member. The light is reflected by the light reflecting member 163 of 160B.

  In this way, by setting the light reflection characteristics to function in two stages, the light traveling toward the glare region can be further reduced. Further, the light transmitting member 162 provided on each of the planar holding members 160 and 160 can emit light that contributes to lighting as it is into the room.

  The opposing positional relationship between the transflective member 161 in the first planar holding member 160A and the light reflecting member 163 in the second planar holding member 160B is not only related to the daylighting member 1, but also to the solar altitude and Appropriately set according to conditions such as the installation location of the window.

  Further, the sizes (areas) of the transflective member 161 and the light reflecting member 163 may be the same or different.

  In this example, each of the planar holding members 160 and 160 is provided with the light transmissive member 162. However, the regions other than the semi-transmissive reflective member 161 and the light reflective member 163 may have light absorption performance, light scattering performance, or It may have light reflection performance.

  Further, in the present embodiment and its modifications 1 and 2, the configuration of the roll screen provided with a pair of planar holding members has been described. However, it is not always necessary to provide a pair of planar holding members, and any one of them. It is good also as a structure provided with the planar holding member. If the plurality of daylighting members 1 are held by at least one planar holding member, the planar holding member 156 is rolled by rounding the planar holding member 156 provided on one side as shown in FIG. A plurality of daylighting members 1 can be taken up along the surface of the roll, and the roll-up property of the roll screen can be improved.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, the roll screen according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The basic configuration of the roll screen of the present embodiment described below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the thickness of the daylighting member is different from those of the other embodiments. Therefore, in the following description, a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. Moreover, in each drawing used for description, the same reference numerals are given to components common to the previous embodiment.

FIG. 26A is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a roll screen (lighting device) 165 of the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 26B is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of one daylighting member.
As shown in FIG. 26A, the roll screen 165 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of daylighting members 166 and a holding member (not shown) that holds the plurality of daylighting members 166. In this embodiment, the relationship between the dimension of the first base material 2 constituting the daylighting member 166 and the glare ray suppression effect will be mainly described. As shown in FIG. 26B, in the cross section orthogonal to the extending direction of the first base material 2, the length in the short direction (Y direction) of the first base material 2, that is, the plate of the first base material 2 When the thickness is t and the length in the longitudinal direction (Z direction) of the first base material 2 is L, the plate thickness t of the first base material 2 is set to a dimension smaller than the length L in the longitudinal direction. .

FIGS. 27A and 27B are diagrams showing optical characteristics of the daylighting member in the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 27 (A), among the light L incident to the lighting member 167 at an incident angle theta _IN1, light L ₁₁ having entered the lighting unit 3 positioned below is reflected in the lighting portion 3 of the chamber It is injected toward the ceiling side.
On the other hand, the light L ₁₂ having entered the lighting part 3 located above the lighting member 167 is reflected in the lighting unit 3 is reflected toward the floor side in the upper end face 2d of the first substrate 2, the light emitted The light is further refracted downward on the surface 2b and emitted into the room.

Further, as shown in FIG. 27 (B), among the light L incident to the lighting member 167 at an incident angle theta _IN2, the light L ₂₁ having entered the lighting part 3 located above is reflected in the lighting portion 3 Light Incident on the exit surface 1b. Since there is a difference in refractive index at the interface between the daylighting member 167 and the indoor space (air), the light L ₂₁ incident on the interface at a large angle is reflected at the interface and returned to the daylighting member 167 side again. .
On the other hand, the light L ₂₂ incident on the daylighting unit 3 positioned below the daylighting member 167 is reflected by the daylighting unit 3 and then emitted from the lower end surface 2 c of the first base material 2 into the room.

  As described above, when the thickness t of the first base material 2 constituting the daylighting member 167 is smaller than the length L, the light traveling toward the glare region can be reduced. Although a part of the light emitted from the daylighting member 167 goes to the glare region, light can be emitted toward the indoor ceiling side, so that a roll screen having a daylighting function can be provided.

28A and 28B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration and optical characteristics of a daylighting member as a comparative example.
As shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B, a daylighting member 171 as a comparative example has a plate thickness t3 larger than the plate thickness t of the first base member 2 of the daylighting member 167 in this embodiment. One substrate 172 is provided. The first base material 172 of the daylighting member 171 has a plate thickness t3 that is larger than the length L in the cross section orthogonal to the extending direction (t3> L).

As shown in FIG. _28A , the light L incident on the daylighting member 171 at the incident angle θ _IN1 is reflected by each daylighting unit 3, and then substantially all the light L is the upper end surface 172d of the first base material 172. Are further reflected and emitted from the light exit surface 171b into the room.
As shown in FIG. _28B , the light L incident on the daylighting member 171 at the incident angle _θIN1 is reflected by each daylighting unit 3 and then enters the room from the lower end surface 172c of the first base material 172. It is injected.

  As described above, in the daylighting member 171 including the first base material 172 having a large plate thickness as a comparative example of the present embodiment, almost all of the emitted light becomes light toward the glare region, and the person in the room is dazzled. I feel it. Therefore, as the first base member 2 constituting the daylighting member 167, a member having a thickness t smaller than the length L in the cross section in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the first base member 2 is employed.

  Here, the refractive index of the first base material 2 is n, and the angle between the second surface 2b (light emission surface 167b) of the first base material 2 and the light beam guided through the first base material 2 is α. Then, the board thickness t of the 1st base material 2 is computable by following formula (1). Moreover, the emission angle θ of the light emitted from the lower end surface 2c of the first base material 2 can be calculated by the following equation (2).

t <(L × tan α) (1)
θn = arcsin (sin88 ° / n) (2)

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing the effect of suppressing glare rays depending on the aspect ratio of the first base material 2.
In the present embodiment, the refractive index of the first base material 2 is 1.5.

  As shown in FIG. 29, when the plate thickness of the first base material 2 is t1, and the angle α1 formed between the light emission surface 167b (second surface 2b) and the light is 42 °, the first base material 2 is injected from the first base material 2. Is emitted at an emission angle θ1 of −2 ° with respect to the horizontal plane according to the following formulas (3) and (4). Therefore, when the relationship between the plate thickness t1 and the length L of the first base material 2 satisfies the following formula (3), the light rays traveling toward the glare region can be reduced.

When α = α1 = 42 ° and t = t1, t1 <(L × tan42 °) (3)
θ1 = arcsin (sin88 ° / n) (4)

  Further, when the plate thickness t of the first base material 2 is a plate thickness t2 that is thinner than the plate thickness t1, and the angle α2 formed by the light emission surface and the light is 28 °, the first base material 2 is injected from the first base material. From the following formulas (5) and (6), light is emitted at an emission angle θ2 of −45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. Therefore, when the relationship between the plate thickness t2 of the first base material and the length L satisfies the following formula (5), the light rays traveling toward the glare region can be further reduced.

When α = α2 = 28 ° and t2 <t <t1, t2 <(L × tan28 °) (5)
θ2 = arcsin (sin88 ° / n) (6)

  As described above, the preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to. You may combine the structure of each embodiment suitably.

  In each of the embodiments described above, the roll screen has been described as an example of the daylighting device. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other daylighting devices configured by including a plurality of daylighting members. It is. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a blind configured with a large number of slats made of daylighting members.

[Lighting control system]
FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along line JJ ′ of FIG. 31, which is a room model 2000 including a lighting device and an illumination dimming system. FIG. 31 is a plan view showing the ceiling of the room model 2000.

  In the room model 2000, the ceiling material constituting the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 into which external light is introduced may have high light reflectivity. As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is installed on the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 as a light-reflective ceiling material. The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is intended to promote the introduction of outside light from the daylighting device 2010 installed in the window 2002 into the interior of the room, and is installed on the ceiling 2003a near the window. Yes. Specifically, it is installed in a predetermined area E (an area about 3 m from the window 2002) of the ceiling 2003a.

  As described above, the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is configured to transmit the outside light introduced into the room through the window 2002 in which the daylighting device 2010 (the daylighting device of any of the above-described embodiments) is installed. Efficiently leads to the back. The external light introduced from the lighting device 2010 toward the indoor ceiling 2003a is reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and changes its direction to illuminate the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed in the interior of the room. The effect of brightening the desk top surface 2005a is exhibited.

  The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A may be diffusely reflective or specularly reflective. In order to achieve both effects of suppressing glare light that is unpleasant for humans, it is preferable that the characteristics of the two are appropriately mixed.

  Although most of the light introduced into the room by the daylighting apparatus 2010 goes to the ceiling near the window 2002, the vicinity of the window 2002 often has a sufficient amount of light. Therefore, by using together the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A as described above, the light incident on the ceiling (region E) in the vicinity of the window can be distributed toward the back of the room where the amount of light is small compared to the window.

  The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is formed by, for example, embossing a metal plate such as aluminum with unevenness of about several tens of microns, or depositing a metal thin film such as aluminum on the surface of a resin substrate on which similar unevenness is formed. Can be created. Or the unevenness | corrugation formed by embossing may be formed in the curved surface of a larger period.

  Furthermore, by appropriately changing the embossed shape formed on the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A, it is possible to control the light distribution characteristics of light and the light distribution in the room. For example, when embossing is performed in a stripe shape extending toward the back of the room, the light reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is in the left-right direction of the window 2002 (direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the unevenness). spread. When the size and direction of the window 2002 in the room 2003 are limited, the light is reflected in the horizontal direction by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and the interior of the room 2003 is moved to the back of the room. It can be reflected toward.

  The daylighting device 2010 is used as part of the illumination dimming system in the room 2003. The lighting dimming system includes, for example, a lighting device 2010, a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007, a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 installed in a window, a control system thereof, and a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A installed on a ceiling 2003a. And the constituent members of the entire room including

  In the window 2002 of the room 2003, a lighting device 2010 is installed on the upper side, and a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 is installed on the lower side. Here, a blind is installed as the solar radiation adjustment device 2008, but this is not a limitation.

  In the room 2003, a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the window 2002 and the depth direction (X direction) of the room. The plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 together with the daylighting device 2010 constitute an entire lighting system of the room 2003.

As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, for example, the ceiling length _{L 1} in the left-right direction (Y-direction) is 18m, the length _{L 2} in the depth direction of the room 2003 (X direction) of the office 9m windows 2002 2003a Indicates. Here, the indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid pattern with an interval P of 1.8 m in the horizontal direction (Y direction) and the depth direction (X direction) of the ceiling 2003a.
More specifically, 50 indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in 10 rows (Y direction) × 5 columns (X direction).

  The indoor lighting device 2007 includes an indoor lighting fixture 2007a, a brightness detection unit 2007b, and a control unit 2007c. The indoor lighting fixture 2007a is configured by integrating the brightness detection unit 2007b and the control unit 2007c. It is.

  The indoor lighting device 2007 may include a plurality of indoor lighting fixtures 2007a and a plurality of brightness detection units 2007b. However, one brightness detector 2007b is provided for each indoor lighting device 2007a. The brightness detection unit 2007b receives the reflected light of the irradiated surface illuminated by the indoor lighting fixture 2007a, and detects the illuminance of the irradiated surface. Here, the brightness detector 200b detects the illuminance of the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed indoors.

  One control unit 2007c provided for each room lighting device 2007 is connected to each other. Each indoor lighting device 2007 is configured such that the illuminance of the desk top surface 2005a detected by each brightness detecting unit 2007b becomes a constant target illuminance L0 (for example, average illuminance: 750 lx) by the control units 2007c connected to each other. Feedback control is performed to adjust the light output of the LED lamp of each indoor lighting fixture 2007a.

  FIG. 32 is a graph showing the relationship between the illuminance of light (natural light) collected indoors by the daylighting device and the illuminance (illumination dimming system) of the indoor lighting device. In FIG. 32, the vertical axis indicates the illuminance (lx) on the desk surface, and the horizontal axis indicates the distance (m) from the window. Moreover, the broken line in the figure indicates the target illuminance in the room. (●: Illuminance by lighting device, △: Illuminance by indoor lighting device, ◇: Total illumination)

  As shown in FIG. 32, the desk surface illuminance due to the light collected by the lighting device 2010 is brighter in the vicinity of the window, and the effect becomes smaller as the distance from the window increases. In a room to which the daylighting device 2010 is applied, such an illuminance distribution in the back direction of the room is generated by natural daylighting from a window in the daytime. Therefore, the daylighting device 2010 is used in combination with the indoor lighting device 2007 that compensates for the illuminance distribution in the room. The indoor lighting device 2007 installed on the indoor ceiling detects the average illuminance below each device by the brightness detection unit 2007b, and is dimmed and controlled so that the desk surface illuminance of the entire room becomes a constant target illuminance L0. Lights up.

  Therefore, the S1 and S2 rows installed in the vicinity of the window are hardly lit, and are lit while increasing the output toward the back of the room with the S3, S4, and S5 rows. As a result, the desk surface of the room is illuminated by the sum of the illuminance by natural lighting and the illumination by the interior lighting device 2007, and is 750 lx (“JIS Z9110 illumination), which is sufficient for the work over the entire room. "Recommended maintenance illuminance in the office of" General "" can be realized.

  As described above, by using the daylighting device 2010 and the lighting dimming system (indoor lighting device 2007) in combination, it becomes possible to deliver light to the back of the room and further improve the brightness of the room. It is possible to secure sufficient illuminance on the desk surface, which is sufficient to work throughout the room. Therefore, a more stable and bright light environment can be obtained without being affected by the season or weather.

  100, 120, 125, 130, 140, 155, 157, 159, 165 ... roll screen (lighting device), 1, 31, 122, 126, 131, 132, 133, 134, 141, 166, 167, 171 ... daylighting Member, 2 ... 1st base material, 2a ... 1st surface, 2b ... 2nd surface, 2c ... Lower end surface (end surface), 2d ... Upper end surface (end surface), 3 ... Daylighting part, 3B, 3C ... Surface (surface) 3 ..., 3E ... surface (reflection surface), 5 ... holding member, 6 ... light absorption layer (optical member), f ... plane, L ... light, t ... plate thickness, 11 ... light scattering layer (optical member), 12 ... light reflecting layer (optical member), 100 ... roll screen (lighting device), 156, 158, 160 ... planar holding member (optical member), 2010 ... lighting device

Claims (11)

A plurality of daylighting members having a first base material having light permeability and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on the first surface of the first base material;
An optical member that imparts optical characteristics to incident light incident on the daylighting member;
A holding member that is arranged in a direction intersecting with the plurality of daylighting members, and holds the plurality of daylighting members in a state of being arranged in each lateral direction,
The daylighting unit has a reflection surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and the light reflected by the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface opposite to the first surface is Of the two spaces having a virtual plane as a boundary perpendicular to the second surface and parallel to the extending direction of the daylighting section, the characteristic of traveling toward a space on the same side as the side on which light enters the reflecting surface Have
The daylighting apparatus, wherein the optical member has any one of light absorptivity, light scattering, and light reflectivity. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the optical member is provided in each of the plurality of daylighting members. The daylighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical member is provided on at least one end surface that connects the first surface and the second surface of the first base material. The daylighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical member is provided on the second surface. The daylighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the optical member is provided on a surface of the daylighting part of the plurality of daylighting parts. The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the optical member is provided between the plurality of daylighting members. The optical member also functions as the holding member;
The daylighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of daylighting members are held by the optical member provided on at least one of a light incident side and a light emission side of the plurality of daylighting members. A plurality of daylighting members having a first base material having light permeability and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on the first surface of the first base material;
A holding member that is arranged in a direction intersecting with the plurality of daylighting members, and holds the plurality of daylighting members in a state of being arranged in each lateral direction,
The daylighting unit has a reflection surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and the light reflected by the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface opposite to the first surface is Of the two spaces having a virtual plane as a boundary perpendicular to the second surface and parallel to the extending direction of the daylighting section, the characteristic of traveling toward a space on the same side as the side on which light enters the reflecting surface Have
The daylighting device, wherein at least one end surface connecting the first surface and the second surface of the first base material is inclined toward the first surface side or the second surface side. A plurality of daylighting members having a first base material having light permeability and a plurality of daylighting units having light transmittance provided on the first surface of the first base material;
A holding member that is arranged in a direction intersecting with the plurality of daylighting members, and holds the plurality of daylighting members in a state of being arranged in each lateral direction,
The daylighting unit has a reflection surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and the light reflected by the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface of the first base material is the second surface. Of two spaces having a virtual plane as a boundary perpendicular to and extending in the direction in which the daylighting unit extends, and traveling toward a space on the same side as the light incident side on the reflecting surface Become
The daylighting apparatus, wherein a thickness of the first base material is smaller than a dimension of the first base material along an arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units.   When the thickness of the first base material is t, the length of the first surface of the first base material along the arrangement direction of the two spaces is L, and the refractive index of the first base material is n, The lighting device according to claim 9, wherein t <(L × tan θn) and θn = arcsin (sin 88 ° / n) are satisfied.   The lighting device according to claim 10, wherein t <(L × tan 42 °) is satisfied when a refractive index n of the first base material is 1.5.

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