WO2018051968A1 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

A lighting device according to one mode of embodiment of the present invention is provided at least with a lighting film comprising a light transmissive base material and a plurality of light transmissive lighting portions which are provided on a first surface side of the base material, wherein the lighting portions include a reflecting surface which reflects light that has entered the lighting portion. Light which is reflected by the reflecting surface and is to be emitted from a second surface of the base material has the characteristic of progressing toward a space on the same side as the side from which the light is incident upon the reflecting surface, from among two spaces having as a boundary an imaginary plane which is perpendicular to the second surface of the base material and is parallel to the direction in which the lighting portion extends. The base material includes a plurality of regions having different thicknesses.

Description

Daylighting equipment

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a lighting device.
This application claims priority on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-178540 filed in Japan on September 13, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

For example, a technique described in Patent Document 1 is known as a technique for efficiently guiding light incident on a window glass indoors. In the technique of Patent Document 1, a daylighting film in which a plurality of unit prisms having a daylighting function are formed on one surface of a translucent support is attached to the inner surface (indoor side surface) of a window glass. The light incident from the unit prism side is refracted on the surface of the unit prism, passes through the unit prism, the support, and the window glass and enters the room indoors.

JP 2011-123478 A

However, depending on the latitude, azimuth difference of the place where the window is installed, or the solar altitude, the lighting performance on the ceiling may be reduced, or the light will be distributed to the eyes of people in the room, which may cause unpleasant glare. Sometimes In the following description, the light in which a person in the room feels dazzling is called glare.

One aspect of the present invention is made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and it is possible to secure a favorable indoor environment in which a person in the room does not feel glare by further suppressing glare. One of the objects is to provide a daylighting device that can be used.

The daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention includes at least a daylighting film including a base material having light permeability and a plurality of daylighting parts having light transmittance provided on the first surface side of the base material, The daylighting unit has a reflection surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and the light reflected from the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface of the base material is the first surface of the base material. Of the two spaces having a virtual plane as a boundary perpendicular to two surfaces and parallel to the extending direction of the daylighting section, the light travels toward the space on the same side as the light incident side on the reflecting surface. Thus, the substrate has a plurality of regions having different thicknesses.

In the daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, when the length obtained by adding the width W in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the daylighting unit and the interval s between the daylighting units adjacent to each other is p, The thickness t in at least one of the plurality of regions may satisfy the following condition.

Here, t0 indicates a reference thickness.

In the daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, when the length obtained by adding the width W in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the daylighting unit and the interval s between the daylighting units adjacent to each other is p, The thickness t in at least one of the plurality of regions may satisfy the following condition.

Here, t0 indicates a reference thickness.

The daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention may be configured such that the base material includes a base material body having light permeability and an additional member having light permeability.

In the lighting device according to one aspect of the present invention, the base body and the additional member are bonded to each other via an adhesive layer, and the thickness of the adhesive layer changes in the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units. It is good also as a structure.

The daylighting apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention may be configured such that the thickness of the base material continuously changes in the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units.

The daylighting apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention may have a configuration in which the intervals between adjacent daylighting units are set to a plurality of levels.

The daylighting apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention may have a configuration in which the refractive index of the base material has a distribution in one plane.

The daylighting device according to one aspect of the present invention may have a configuration in which the refractive indexes of the plurality of daylighting portions have a distribution within one surface of the base material.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a daylighting apparatus that can ensure a favorable indoor environment in which glare is further suppressed so that a person in the room does not feel dazzling.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a lighting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Sectional drawing which shows the lighting film in 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the lighting film (1st base material) in 1st Embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows an example of a room model. The incident angle theta _IN of the incident light L _IN entering the lighting apparatus, diagram explaining the definition of the exit angle theta _OUT of emitted light L _OUT emitted from the lighting device. The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film as a comparative example, and the optical path of the light which permeate | transmits the said lighting film (a fine structure is an outdoor side). The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film as a comparative example, and the optical path of the light which permeate | transmits the said lighting film (a fine structure is an outdoor side). The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film as a comparative example, and the optical path of the light which permeate | transmits the said lighting film (a fine structure is indoor side). The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film as a comparative example, and the optical path of the light which permeate | transmits the said lighting film (a fine structure is indoor side). The figure for demonstrating the characteristic of the daylighting film 901 shown to FIG. 6A as a comparative example. The figure which shows the relationship between the emission angle of a stray-light glare, and a light beam. The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film 1 of 1st Embodiment, and the optical path of the light which permeate | transmits the said lighting film 1. FIG. The figure for demonstrating the characteristic of the daylighting film 1 of 1st Embodiment. The figure which compared the relationship between the emission angle of the stray light glare of the daylighting film in 1st Embodiment, and a light beam with a comparative example. The figure which shows the relationship between the lighting emission angle ((theta) _OUT ) and the light beam in the daylighting film in 1st Embodiment, and the daylighting film as a comparative example. The figure which shows the modification of the daylighting film of 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows thickness t0 used as the reference | standard of the 1st base material 2. FIG. The figure which shows thickness t of the 1st base material 2. The figure which shows the light beam of the stray-light glare ray inject | emitted at the specific angle in two above-mentioned daylighting films 1A and 1B. Sectional drawing which shows partially schematic structure of the daylighting film 31 of 3rd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the lighting film of 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 1 of the lighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 2 of the daylighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 3 of the daylighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 4 of the daylighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 5 of the lighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 6 of the daylighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification 7 of the lighting film in 4th Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the daylighting film in 5th Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the daylighting film 61 of Example 1 in 6th Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the daylighting film 62 of Example 2 in 6th Embodiment. The figure which shows the structure of the daylighting film 63 of Example 3 in 6th Embodiment. The figure which shows the optical path and brightness | luminance of the lighting film 71 of Example 1 in 7th Embodiment. The figure which shows the optical path and brightness | luminance of the daylighting film 72 of Example 2 in 7th Embodiment. The figure which shows the optical path and brightness | luminance of the lighting film 73 of Example 3 in 7th Embodiment. The figure which shows distribution of thickness t1, t2, t3 in the daylighting film 81 as an example of 8th Embodiment. The figure which shows a mode that the daylighting film 81 of 8th Embodiment shown in FIG. 25 was seen from the person who exists indoors. The figure which shows the modification of the 1st base material in 8th Embodiment. The figure which shows the modification of the 1st base material in 8th Embodiment. The perspective view which shows schematic structure of a roll screen as a lighting apparatus of 9th Embodiment. FIG. 30 is a sectional view taken along line E-E ′ of the roll screen shown in FIG. 29. The perspective view which shows schematic structure of a blind as a lighting apparatus of 10th Embodiment. The perspective view which shows schematic structure of a blind (open state). The perspective view (closed state) which shows schematic structure of a blind. The figure which shows schematic structure of the lighting slat with which a blind is provided. The figure which shows the state which reversed the direction of the lighting slat with which a blind is provided. FIG. 37 is a room model including a lighting device and an illumination dimming system, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J ′ of FIG. 36. The top view which shows the ceiling of a room model. The graph which shows the relationship between the illumination intensity of the light (natural light) daylighted indoors by the lighting apparatus, and the illumination intensity (illumination dimming system) by an indoor lighting apparatus.

Embodiments according to one embodiment of the present invention are described below.
In the following drawings, in order to make each component easy to see, the scale of dimensions may be different depending on the component.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention.
A daylighting apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a daylighting apparatus that takes sunlight into a room in a form of being attached to a window glass, for example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting apparatus 100 includes a daylighting film 1, and is attached to an inner surface 1003 a (interior side surface) of a window glass (object to be installed) 1003, for example, via an adhesive layer 8 or on the surface 1003 a. Provided.
Here, the vertical direction of the paper surface coincides with the vertical direction (XZ direction) of the daylighting film 1 bonded to the window glass 1003.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the daylighting film in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the first base material. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a room model. Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating the incident angle theta _IN of the incident light L _IN entering the lighting apparatus, the definition of the exit angle theta _OUT of emitted light L _OUT emitted from the lighting device.

As shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting film 1 includes a first base material 2 having optical transparency, and a plurality of daylighting units 3 having optical transparency provided on the first surface 2 a of the first base material 2. And a gap 4 is formed between the plurality of daylighting units 3. In the present embodiment, the fine structure side on which the plurality of daylighting portions 3 are formed is the light incident surface 1a of the daylighting film 1, and the side on which the fine structure is not formed is the light emitting surface 1b. The daylighting film 1 is used in a posture in which the light incident surface 1a side is opposed to the window glass 1003 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first substrate 2 of the present embodiment is partially different in thickness in the vertical direction (Z direction), and the first surface 2 a and the second surface 2 b of the first substrate 2. Have a plurality of regions R1 and R2 having different thicknesses. The first base material 2 has a convex portion 2B that protrudes from the base material body 2A toward the light exit surface 1b at a predetermined height in the second region R2, whereby the second region R2 becomes the first region R1. The shape has a thickness greater than that. The convex part 2B is provided in the X direction along the extending direction of the daylighting part 3, and the width along the Z direction is arbitrarily set. In the present embodiment, the base body 2A and the convex portion 2B are integrally configured.

As an example, the thickness of the first base material 2 is such that the thickness T1 of the first region R1 is 100 μm and the thickness T2 of the second region R2 is 105 μm. The number, size, ratio, and the like of the first region R1 and the second region R2 in the first base material 2 are set as appropriate, and are not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.

As the first base material 2, for example, a light-transmitting base material made of a resin such as a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting resin, or a photopolymerizable resin is used. A light-transmitting substrate made of acrylic polymer, olefin polymer, vinyl polymer, cellulose polymer, amide polymer, fluorine polymer, urethane polymer, silicone polymer, imide polymer, or the like is used. Specifically, for example, triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, polycarbonate (PC) film, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, polyethersulfone (PES) A light-transmitting substrate such as a film or a polyimide (PI) film is preferably used.

The total light transmittance of the first base material 2 is preferably 90% or more according to JIS K7361-1. Thereby, sufficient transparency can be obtained.

Although the 1st base material 2 may be comprised from one base material, as another structural example, the light which consists of the base base material 12, the contact bonding layer 13, and the resin base material 14 as shown, for example in FIG. A base material having a three-layer structure having permeability may be used. Of the base substrate 12 and the resin substrate 14 bonded through the adhesive layer 13, the vertical direction of the first substrate 2 is provided by the convex portion 2 </ b> B provided on the resin substrate 14 where the daylighting unit 3 is not disposed. The thickness in the (Z direction) is partially different.

The plurality of daylighting units 3 are arranged on the first surface 2a of the first base member 2 at a predetermined interval s in the Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting section 3 extends in a straight line in one direction (a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2), and a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction forms a polygonal column shape. The daylighting unit 3 is a pentagon having five vertices in a cross-sectional shape cut in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction thereof, and all inner angles are less than 180 °. The plurality of daylighting units 3 are arranged in parallel in the width direction, with each longitudinal direction parallel to one side of the rectangular first base material 2.

Specifically, the daylighting unit 3 has an asymmetric shape on both sides around the perpendicular M of the surface 3a passing through the vertex q farthest from the surface 3a facing the first surface 2a of the first base material 2. A polygonal columnar structure having a pentagonal cross section. That is, the lower volume including the surface (reflective surface) 3d and the surface (reflective surface) 3e is larger than the upper volume including the surface 3b and the surface 3c.
In the present embodiment, the plurality of daylighting units 3 are arranged in a state in which the large volume side (the surface 3d and the surface 3e side) is unified downward with the vertical line M of the surface 3a in each center.

Note that the cross-sectional shape of the daylighting unit 3 is not limited to a pentagon, and may be a polygon more than a triangle. Further, it may be a polyhedron other than a polygon. In other words, the daylighting unit 3 only needs to be asymmetrical with respect to an arbitrary perpendicular line of the surface 3a. As the daylighting film 1, it is only necessary that a prism structure having a lower volume equal to or higher than an upper volume in a cross-sectional shape is continuously formed.

For the adhesive layer 8, a general optical adhesive is used. The refractive index of the adhesive layer 8 is preferably equal to the refractive index of the window glass 1003. Thereby, refraction does not occur at the interface between the daylighting film 1 and the window glass 1003.

In the daylighting film 1 having such a configuration, the longitudinal direction of each daylighting section 3 faces the horizontal direction, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting sections 3 faces the vertical direction, and the daylighting film 1 is interposed through the adhesive layer 8 shown in FIG. And attached to the inner surface 1003a of the window glass 1003.

As shown in FIG. 2, light that directly reaches from the sun first enters the window glass 1003, passes through the window glass 1003, and then enters the daylighting apparatus 100 from obliquely above. The light L incident on the daylighting device 100 is refracted on the surface 3c or the surface 3b of each daylighting section 3 in the daylighting film 1 shown in FIG. 2, and then totally reflected on the surface 3d or the surface 3e and proceeds obliquely upward. The first base material (base material) 2 is ejected from the second surface 2b (interface between the second surface 2b and the indoor space) toward the ceiling.

Here, for convenience of explanation, a point where an arbitrary light beam is incident on the surface 3e (reflection surface) of the daylighting unit 3 out of the light L incident on the daylighting unit 3 shown in FIG. A virtual straight line passing through the incident point C and orthogonal to the first surface 2a of the first base material 2 is defined as a straight line f. Of the two spaces having a horizontal plane (virtual plane) including the straight line f as a boundary, the space on the side where the light L incident on the incident point C is present is the first space K1, and the light L incident on the incident point C exists. The space on the side not to be used is defined as a second space K2.

For example, the light L incident from the surface 3c of the daylighting unit 3 is totally reflected by the surface 3e of the daylighting unit 3, travels obliquely upward, that is, toward the first space K1, and is emitted from the surface 3a of the daylighting unit 3. The The light L emitted from the daylighting unit 3 passes through the first base material 2 and travels from the daylighting film 1 toward the indoor ceiling. The light emitted from the daylighting film 1 toward the ceiling is reflected by the ceiling and illuminates the room, and thus is a substitute for illumination light. Therefore, when such a daylighting film 1 is used, the energy-saving effect which saves the energy which the lighting equipment in a building consumes during the day can be expected.

(Room model)
Here, the daylighting characteristics of the daylighting apparatus 100 will be described using the room model 1000 shown in FIG. The room model 1000 is a model that assumes use of the daylighting apparatus 100 in an office, for example. Specifically, a room model 1000 shown in FIG. 4 is a room surrounded by a ceiling 1001, a floor 1002, a front side wall 1004 to which a window glass 1003 is attached, and a back side wall 1005 facing the front side wall 1004. 1006 illustrates a case where outdoor light L is incident obliquely from above through the window glass 1003. The daylighting device 100 is attached to the upper side of the inner surface of the window glass 1003.

In the room model 1000, the height dimension (dimension from the ceiling 1001 to the floor 1002) H of the room 1006 is 2.7 m, the vertical dimension H2 of the window glass 1003 is 1.8 m from the ceiling 1001, and the vertical dimension of the daylighting film 1 H1 is 0.6 m from the ceiling 1001.

In the room model 1000, there are a person Ma sitting on a chair in the room 1006 and a person Mb standing on the floor 1002 in the back of the room 1006. The eye height lower limit Ha of the person Ma sitting on the chair is set to 0.8 m from the floor 1002, and the eye height upper limit Hb of the person Mb standing on the floor 1002 is set to 1.8 m from the floor 1002.

A region (hereinafter referred to as a glare region) G that makes the people Ma and Mb in the room 1006 feel dazzled is a range of eye heights Ha and Hb of the people Ma and Mb in the room. Further, the vicinity of the window glass 1003 in the room 1006 is a region F where the outdoor light L is directly irradiated through the lower side of the window glass 1003 to which the daylighting film 1 is not attached. This region F is in the range of 1 m from the side wall 1004 on the near side. Accordingly, the glare region G is a range from a position 1 m away from the front side wall 1004 excluding the region F to the back side wall 1005 in the height range of 0.8 m to 1.8 m from the floor 1002. .

For example, in the light emitted from the daylighting apparatus 100, when the emission angle is in the range of −45 ° to 0 °, it can be glare light.

The glare area G is an area defined based on the position of the eye in the area where the person moves. Even if the room 1006 is brightly illuminated by the light traveling toward the ceiling 1001, the person in the room 1006 tends to feel uncomfortable if there is a lot of light reaching the glare region G.

The daylighting film 1 of the present embodiment can relatively increase the luminance of the light toward the ceiling 1001 while reducing the luminance of the light toward the glare region G out of the light L entering the room 1006 through the window glass 1003. It is possible. The light L ′ reflected by the ceiling 1001 illuminates the room 1006 brightly over a wide area, instead of the illumination light. In this case, by turning off the lighting equipment in the room 1006, an energy saving effect that saves the energy consumed by the lighting equipment in the room 1006 during the day can be expected.

(Definition of incident angle and exit angle)
Next, the definition of the incident angle θ _IN of the incident light _LIN incident on the lighting device 100 and the emission angle θ _OUT of the emitted light L _OUT emitted from the lighting device 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 5, the daylighting film 1 of the daylighting apparatus 100 is mainly illustrated, and other components are omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the injection angle theta _OUT of the incident angle theta _IN and exit light _{L OUT} of the incident light _{L IN} is lighting apparatus 100 normal to the direction of along the (first substrate 2 of the lighting film 1) The angle is defined as 0 °, the angle toward the ceiling 1001 is defined as positive (+), and the angle toward the floor 1002 is defined as negative (−).

If the injection angle theta _OUT of emitted light _{L OUT} emitted from the lighting device 100 is greater than 0 °, but the light beam toward the ceiling, if the injection angle theta _OUT is 0 ° or less, facing the window glass 1003 It becomes a light ray toward the side wall 1005 and can become a glare ray.

In lighting apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the incident angle theta _IN of at least incident light L _IN entering each lighting unit 3 of the daylighting film 1, 20 ° ≦ θ _IN ≦ 50 in ° to the normal of the daylighting film 1 when in range, the injection angle theta _OUT of emitted light _{L OUT} emitted from the lighting film 1, 0 ° ≦ θ _OUT ≦ on the same side (+ side) and the incident light _{L iN} with respect to the normal line of the daylighting film 1 In the range of 15 °, the luminance of the emitted light L _OUT is set to be relatively high.

As a result, of the light L incident on the room 1006 through the daylighting device 100 and the window glass 1003, the luminance of the light toward the ceiling 1001 is relatively reduced while the luminance of the light toward the glare region G and the light toward the floor 1002 is reduced. It is possible to increase it. That is, the light L incident on the room 1006 through the daylighting apparatus 100 and the window glass 1003 can be efficiently emitted toward the ceiling 1001. Further, the light L toward the ceiling 1001 can be irradiated to the back of the room 1006 without causing the people Ma and Mb in the room 1006 to feel dazzling.

Furthermore, the light L ′ reflected by the ceiling 1001 illuminates the room 1006 brightly over a wide area, instead of illumination light. In this case, by turning off the lighting equipment in the room 1006, an energy saving effect that saves the energy consumed by the lighting equipment in the room 1006 during the day can be expected.

Further, in the lighting apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the incident light _{L IN} fluctuation range of the incident angle theta _IN of the [Delta] [theta] _IN, emitted light _{L OUT} [Delta] [theta] _OUT fluctuation range of the exit angle theta _OUT of In this case, it is preferable that the relationship Δθ _IN > Δθ _OUT is satisfied within a range of 20 ° ≦ θ _IN ≦ 50 °.

In this case, fluctuations in the irradiation position of the room 1006 due to changes in the altitude of the sun can be suppressed. In addition, the light L toward the ceiling 1001 can be irradiated to the back of the room 1006 for a long time. Thereby, further energy saving effect can be expected.

Here, a configuration of a daylighting film 901 as a comparative example and an optical path of light passing through the daylighting film 901 will be described. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a daylighting film 901 as a comparative example and an optical path of light transmitted through the daylighting film 901. FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a daylighting film 904 as another comparative example and an optical path of light transmitted through the daylighting film 904.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, in the conventional daylighting films 901 and 904, the plate thickness of the first base material 902 is uniform in the Z direction.
A lighting film 901 shown in FIG. 6A includes a plurality of daylighting portions 903 having a pentagonal cross-sectional shape, and a contact length (z direction) between the surface 3a of one daylighting portion 903 and the first surface 902a of the first base material 902. ) W is about 150 μm, and the interval s between the daylighting portions 903 is 20 μm.
A daylighting film 904 shown in FIG. 6B includes a plurality of daylighting units 905 having a triangular cross-sectional shape, and a contact length (z direction) between the surface 3a of one daylighting unit 905 and the first surface 902a of the first base material 902. ) W is about 150 μm, and the interval s between the daylighting portions 905 is 20 μm.

In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the daylighting parts 903 and 905 is not limited to the illustrated shape.
For example, like the daylighting part 907 of the daylighting film 906 shown in FIG. 6C, the perpendicular M of the surface 3 a passing through the vertex q farthest from the surface 3 a facing the second surface 902 b of the first base material 902 is the center. A polygonal columnar structure having a pentagonal cross-sectional shape that is asymmetric on both sides may be used. That is, the lower volume including the surface 3e (reflection surface) may be smaller than the upper volume including the surfaces 3b, 3c, and 3d.

The light incident on the daylighting portions 903 and 905 of the daylighting films 901 and 904 shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is reflected at the interface between the second surface 902b of the first base material 902 and the air layer, and then incident on the daylighting. The light is refracted by the plurality of daylighting units 903 and 905 positioned below the units 903 and 905 and is emitted into the room at a certain emission angle θ _OUT . In the case where there are many such light rays “stray light glare”, if each light ray is emitted into the room at the same emission angle θ _OUT , a person in the room may feel dazzling.

In a structure in which a plurality of daylighting units 903 and 905 are regularly arranged, the light incident on the daylighting films 901 and 904 follows the same optical path according to the repeated arrangement of the daylighting units 903 and 905. For this reason, light rays that become stray light glare are concentrated at the same exit angle θ _OUT , causing uncomfortable feeling to people in the room.

Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6C and 6D, stray light glare similarly occurs even when a fine structure surface on which a plurality of daylighting portions 907 and 905 are formed is installed toward the indoor side.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the characteristics of the daylighting film 901 shown in FIG. 6A as a comparative example. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the exit angle of stray light glare and the luminous flux. In FIG.7 and FIG.8, the result at the time of making plate | board thickness of the 1st base material 2 constant is shown.

As shown in FIG. 7, out of the emitted light L _OUT emitted from the daylighting film 901, when the emission angle θ _OUT is in the range of 0 ° ≦ θ _OUT ≦ −45 °, the lower limit level at which a person feels dazzling is exceeded. There are many glare luminous fluxes formed by a plurality of light beams. In the conventional daylighting film 901, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, it can be seen that the emission angles θ _OUT of the stray light glare L _OUT are concentrated in the vicinity of −14.5 ° and in the vicinity of −34 °.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of the daylighting film 1 of the present embodiment and the optical path of light that passes through the daylighting film 1.
As shown in FIG. 9, the light incident on the daylighting film 1 is refracted or reflected by each daylighting unit 3 and then totally reflected at the interface between the second surface 2 b of the first base member 2 and the air layer, The light enters the other daylighting unit 3 positioned lower than the incident daylighting unit 3. In the daylighting film 1 of the present embodiment, since the thickness of the first substrate 2 is partially different, the position of reflection at the interface between the second surface 2b and the air layer in the vertical direction (Z direction) is 1 It depends on the thickness of the substrate 2. That is, the positions where the lights L1 and L2 are totally reflected at the interface between the second surface 2b of the first base material 2 and the air layer vary between a portion with the convex portion 2B and a portion without the convex portion 2B. Therefore, the subsequent optical path also changes, and the angle at which the light is finally emitted from the daylighting film 1 changes.

Specifically, among the interface between the second surface 2b of the first substrate 2 and the air layer, the light L1 totally reflected in the first region R1 is emitted at θ _OUT (1), whereas the second region The light L2 totally reflected at R2 is emitted at θ _OUT (2).

In the case of the daylighting film 1 of the present embodiment, the optical path of the light transmitted through the daylighting film 1 is changed by partially increasing the thickness of the first base material 2 by providing the convex portions 2B. In particular, the emission angle θ _OUT of the emitted light when emitted into the room could be dispersed into a plurality of angles (emission angle θ _OUT (1) ≠ emission angle θ _OUT (2)). Thereby, the light flux of the peak of the stray light glare emitted at the same angle is reduced.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the characteristics of the daylighting film 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram comparing the relationship between the emission angle of stray light glare of the daylighting film and the light flux in the first embodiment with a comparative example.

As shown in FIG. 10, out of the emitted light L _OUT emitted from the daylighting film 1, when the emission angle θ _OUT is within the range of 0 ° ≦ θ _OUT ≦ −45 °, the lower limit level at which a person feels dazzling is exceeded. There are almost no such rays. As shown in FIG. 11, the daylighting film 1 of the present embodiment has the stray light glare θ _OUT concentrated in the exit angle θ _OUT in the vicinity of −14.5 ° and in the vicinity of −34 ° in the conventional daylighting film 901, as shown in FIG. , Can be distributed to other angles.
Thereby, the peak light flux of the stray light glare emitted at the same angle can be reduced.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light emission angle (θ _OUT ) and the luminous flux in the daylighting film in the first embodiment and the daylighting film as a comparative example.
As shown in FIG. 12, the daylighting characteristics of the daylighting film 1 are almost the same as the daylighting characteristics of the daylighting film 901 of the comparative example, and there is no significant change in the luminous flux of the light emitted toward the indoor ceiling. That is, even if the arrangement intervals of the adjacent daylighting units 3 are set to a plurality of levels, it is possible to maintain the light flux in the daylighting direction.

As described above, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, by changing the optical path of the light by partially changing the thickness of the first base material 2, a plurality of light beams forming the glare luminous flux are changed to other light beams. By dispersing to an angle, the daylighting film 1 that does not feel dazzling anywhere in the room is obtained. Further, the daylighting film 1 can reduce the luminous flux at the peak of stray light glare while substantially maintaining the daylighting characteristics. Thereby, the favorable indoor environment which does not make the person who exists indoors feel dazzling can be ensured.

Moreover, in this embodiment, although the surface in which the fine structure was formed among the lighting films 1 was made into the light-incidence surface 1a, the said light-incidence surface 1a was installed facing the window glass 1003 (outdoor) side, but the lighting film 1 was installed. 6C or 6D, the fine structure surface on which the plurality of daylighting portions 3 are formed may be installed toward the indoor side. In this case as well, a plurality of light beams forming the glare light beam can be dispersed to other angles, and the daylighting film 1 that does not feel dazzling wherever it is in the room is obtained.

In addition, in this embodiment, although the 1st base material 2 becomes a structure which has one convex part 2B, like the lighting film 20 shown in FIG. 13, several convex part 2B in an up-down direction (Z direction). It is good also as a structure provided with the 1st base material (base material) 21 which has. FIG. 13 is a view showing a modification of the daylighting film of the first embodiment. With this configuration, there are a plurality of portions having different thicknesses in the first base material 21, and the plurality of light beams forming the glare light beam can be further dispersed to other angles.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the structure of the daylighting film in the daylighting apparatus of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.
The basic structure of the daylighting film of this embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but is different in that a lower limit value of the thickness of the first base material 2 is set. Therefore, in the following description, a different part from previous embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. In the drawings used for the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those used in the description of the previous embodiment.

Since the luminous flux of the stray light glare emitted from the daylighting film changes depending on the protrusion structure in the daylighting film and the sun position (azimuth, altitude), the change in luminance ratio due to the thickness of the first base material 2 is calculated geometrically. It is difficult.
Therefore, it is examined how much the thickness t of the first base material 2 in the daylighting film is changed from the reference thickness t0 so that a decrease in light rays that become stray light glare can be visually recognized, and a lower limit value of the thickness t is set. did.

FIG. 14A is a diagram showing a thickness t0 as a reference of the first base material 2. FIG. FIG. 14B is a diagram showing the thickness t of the first base material 2. In FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the pitch of “the width W of the daylighting unit 3 + the interval s between adjacent daylighting units 3” is indicated by the symbol p.
The thickness t0 of the first base material 2 of the daylighting film 1A shown in FIG. 14A is used as a reference thickness, and the thickness t of the first base material 2 of the daylighting film 1B shown in FIG. 14B is a predetermined thickness.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the luminous flux of glare rays emitted at a specific angle in the above-described two daylighting films 1A and 1B. In FIG. 15, the vertical axis represents the stray light glare light flux (relative ratio), and the horizontal axis represents the ratio ((t−t0) / p) between the difference from the reference thickness t0 of the first substrate 2 and the pitch p. Show.

Here, the level at which a person in the room can realize that the glare luminous flux has decreased is when the relative luminance ratio that can be recognized by human eyes is 20% in photopic vision. In other words, if the daylighting film 1 includes emission light whose luminance is about 20% lower than the brightest emission light, it can be recognized that there is a difference in the luminance ratio of each emission light, and stray light glare. Will be improved.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the thickness t of the first substrate 2 is the reference thickness t0, the luminous flux of the stray light glare becomes Max, and the ratio between the thickness difference from the reference thickness t0 and the pitch p ((t− When t0) / p) was -0.013, the luminous flux of stray light glare was 0.8 times that of Max.

Therefore, in one first base material 2, when a region having a reference thickness t 0 and a region having a predetermined thickness t (t> t 0) where the ratio of light flux is 20% are provided side by side, Differences in luminance in each region can be visually recognized.

With respect to the first base material 2 in one daylighting film 1, the glare luminous flux can be obtained by including a region having a reference thickness t0 and a region having a predetermined thickness t so that the luminous flux ratio is 20%. Peak reduction can be expected.

Therefore, it comprises so that at least 1 area | region among the 1st base materials 2 of the lighting film 1 may satisfy | fill the conditions shown below.

Here, t0 is a reference thickness in the first base material 2, and t is a predetermined thickness of the first base material 2.

Therefore, the thickness difference with respect to the reference thickness t0 in the first base material 2 is defined as “a thickness difference in which the ratio to the pitch p is 1.3% or more”.
For example, when “p = W + s” is 150 μm, the difference between the reference thickness t0 and the predetermined thickness t is approximately 2.0 μm.

Moreover, in this embodiment, you may comprise so that at least 1 area | region among the 1st base materials 2 of the lighting film 1 may satisfy | fill the conditions shown below.

For example, the thickness difference with respect to the reference thickness t0 in the first base material 2 may be defined as “a thickness difference in which the ratio to the pitch p is 2.8% or more”.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, the configuration of the daylighting film 31 in the daylighting device of the third embodiment will be described.
The basic configuration of the daylighting film 31 of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the first base material 32 has a protrusion 34 that is a separate member from the base material body 33. It differs in that it is configured. Therefore, in the following description, a different part from previous embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. In the drawings used for the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those used in the description of the previous embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view partially showing the schematic configuration of the daylighting film 31 of the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 16, the daylighting film 31 of the present embodiment includes a base body 33 and a second surface of the base body 33 opposite to the first surface 33 a provided with the plurality of daylighting portions 3. And a first base member 32 including a convex portion 34 of another member provided on the 33b side.
The convex portion 34 may be a light transmissive film, sheet, or tape, or may be a member made of a light transmissive resin.

Thus, by adding the convex part 32B partially on the one surface side of the uniform base body 33, the thickness of the first base material 32 can be partially changed. Of the first base material 32, the light totally reflected at a portion having a difference in thickness, that is, the optical path of the light L 2 totally reflected at the interface between the one surface 34 b of the convex portion 34 and the air layer is The light path L1 is changed to a different optical path from the light L1 totally reflected at the interface between the second surface 33b and the air layer, and is emitted at an emission angle θ _OUT (2) different from the emission angle θ _OUT (1) of the light L1.

As long as the optical path difference of light can be provided in the first base material 32 as in the present embodiment, the convex portion 34 may be a separate member from the base material body 33. When the thickness t0 of the base body 33 is used as a reference, it is preferable that the thickness t of the first base 32 including the convex portion 34 satisfies the above formula 3 or the above formula 4.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, the structure of the daylighting film in the daylighting device of the fourth embodiment will be described.
The basic structure of the daylighting film of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but differs in that the thickness of the first base material is set to three or more levels.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the configuration of the daylighting film of the fourth embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 17, the first base material (base material) 9 in the daylighting film 40 of the present embodiment has three regions R1, R2, and R3 having different thicknesses T1, T2, and T3, A structure in which the thicknesses T1, T2, and T3 of the first base material 9 are stepwise different in the vertical direction (Z direction) by the plurality of surfaces 9a, 9b, and 9c having different positions in the thickness direction (Y direction). It has become.

In this configuration, since the optical paths of the light reflected at the interfaces between the surfaces 9a, 9b, 9c of the first base material 9 and the air layer are different, the emission angles of the emitted light are made different for the regions R1, R2, R3. be able to. Thereby, the several light beam which forms a glare light beam can be more disperse | distributed to another several angle. Accordingly, the peak light flux of stray light glare emitted at the same angle is reduced, and it is possible to ensure a favorable indoor environment that does not make a person in the room feel dazzling.

In addition, the number of the surfaces 9c, 9b, and 9c at different positions in the thickness direction (Y direction) of the first base material 9 may be three or more.

FIGS. 18A to 18C are diagrams showing modifications 1 to 3 of the daylighting film in the fourth embodiment.

(Modification 1)
A daylighting film 41 shown in FIG. 18A includes a first base material (base material) 91 having three regions R1, R2, and R3 having different thicknesses T1, T2, and T3. In this example, three surfaces 9a, 9b, 9c having different positions in the thickness direction (Y direction) are randomly present in the vertical direction (Z direction). Specifically, each surface 9b, 9c is provided on each surface 9b, 9c. The surface 9a exists so as to be adjacent to each other.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 17, the thicknesses T1, T2, T3 of the first base material 9 in the vertical direction (Z direction) are provided by a plurality of surfaces 9a, 9b, 9c having different positions in the thickness direction (Y direction). However, the thicknesses T1, T2, and T3 may change randomly in the vertical direction (Z direction) as in the first base material 91 shown in this example.

In addition, the area | region where thickness differs from each other among the 1st base materials 91 is not restricted to three, Four or more may be sufficient.

(Modification 2)
The daylighting film 42 shown in FIG. 18B includes a first base material (base material) 92 in which the curved surface 6 and the flat surface 7 are alternately present in the vertical direction (Z direction). The curved surfaces 6 and 6 are convex circular arc surfaces and have the same curvature. The first region R1 corresponding to the plane 7 has a constant thickness T1 in the vertical direction, whereas the second region R2 corresponding to the curved surface 6 has a thickness T2 at the apex e of the curved surface 6. The thickness T2 is maximum, and the thickness T2 continuously changes (decreases) over the first region R1 (plane 7).

In this example, in the first base material 92, the optical path of the light reflected by the air layer and each of the curved surface 6 and the flat surface 7 is different, but in the case of the curved surface 6, in the thickness direction (Y direction). Since the light reflection position in FIG. 4 continuously changes in the vertical direction (Z direction), the light reflection position also changes continuously in the vertical direction. Therefore, the light incident on the curved surface 6 is reflected at various reflection angles at the interface with the air layer, and is emitted through different optical paths. The curved surfaces 6 and 6 can further reduce the stray light glare peak luminous flux emitted at the same angle, and provide a favorable indoor environment that does not make a person in the room feel dazzling.

(Modification 3)
The daylighting film 43 shown in FIG. 18C has a first base material (base material) 93 in which a plurality of curved surfaces 6A and 6B and a plane 7 having different curvatures are alternately present in the vertical direction (Z direction). . Since the curved surfaces 6A and 6B have different curvatures, the positions of the apexes e1 and e2 are different in the thickness direction (Y direction). The first region R1 corresponding to the plane 7 has a constant thickness T1 in the vertical direction. On the other hand, in the second region R2 corresponding to the curved surface 6A, the thickness T2 becomes maximum at the apex e1 of the curved surface 6A, and the thickness T2 continuously changes (decreases) over the first region R1 (plane 7). Yes. Further, in the third region R3 corresponding to the curved surface 6B, the thickness T3 becomes maximum at the apex e2 of the curved surface 6B, and the thickness T3 continuously changes (decreases) over the first region R1 (plane 7). Yes.

Since the first base material 93 of this example further includes curved surfaces 6A and 6B having different curvatures in addition to the plane 7, the light incident on the curved surfaces 6A and 6B is reflected at different angles. , Emitted through various optical paths. The curved surfaces 6A and 6B having different curvatures can further reduce the stray light glare peak luminous flux emitted at the same angle, thereby providing a better indoor environment in which a person in the room does not feel dazzling.

19A to 19D are views showing modified examples 4 to 7 of the daylighting film in the fourth embodiment.
(Modification 4)
It is good also as a structure provided with the 1st base material (base material) 94 which has several plane 7 and several inclined surface 15a, 15b like the lighting film 44 shown to FIG. 19A. The inclined surfaces 15a and 15b are inclined at the same inclination angle θ with respect to the normal direction (Y direction) of the first base material 94 and opposite to each other in the vertical direction (Z direction). In this example, the inclined surfaces 15a, 15b, and 7 are repeatedly present in this order in the vertical direction.

The region corresponding to the plane 7 in the first base 94 has a constant thickness T1 in the vertical direction. On the other hand, in the region corresponding to the inclined surfaces 15a and 15b, the thickness T2 is maximum at the top portion e3, and the thickness T2 continuously changes (decreases) in the vertical direction toward the plane 7.

(Modification 5)
As in the daylighting film 45 shown in FIG. 19B, the positions of the tops e4, e5, e6 formed by the plurality of inclined surfaces 15a, 15b are the thickness direction (Y direction) of the first base material (base material) 95. Different configurations may be used. The inclination angles θe4, θe5, and θe6 of the pair of inclined surfaces 15a and 15b that constitute the apexes e4 to e6 are different for each of the apexes e4, e5, and e6.

(Modification 6)
It is good also as a structure provided with the 1st base material (base material) 96 in which the some curved surface 6 exists continuously in an up-down direction (Z direction) like the lighting film 46 shown to FIG. 19C. The minimum thickness T1 is provided on the end side of each curved surface 6, and the maximum thickness T2 is provided on the apex e of each curved surface 6. In this manner, a configuration may be adopted in which there is no region that forms a flat surface on the surface 96b opposite to the fine structure surface 96a.

(Modification 7)
Like the daylighting film 47 shown in FIG. 19D, a surface 97b opposite to the fine structure surface 97a includes a first base material (base material) 97 configured by a plurality of curved surfaces 6a to 6f having different curvatures. Also good. Thereby, the thickness of the 1st base material 97 in the up-down direction changes more randomly than the structure of the modification 6 provided with two or more curved surfaces 6 with the same curvature.

As described above, with respect to variations in how the thickness of the first base material varies, if the indoor side surface of the first base material (the surface opposite to the fine structure surface) is not flat, the thickness of the first base material ( The position of the interface with the air layer) has an infinite level. In this case, the light beam totally reflected at the interface between the first base material and the air layer is dispersed in various directions, and an effect of further dispersing the emission angle of the stray light glare can be obtained.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, the structure of the daylighting film in the daylighting device of the fifth embodiment will be described.
The daylighting film of the present embodiment shown below is different from the previous embodiment in that the thickness of the first base material 2 is partially different as in the previous embodiment, but the distance between adjacent daylighting portions is different. Is different.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a configuration of a daylighting film in the fifth embodiment.
As illustrated in FIG. 20, the daylighting film 50 is disposed on the first base 2 having the convex portion 2 </ b> B on the second surface 2 b side of the first base 2 and the first surface 2 a of the first base 2. And a plurality of daylighting units 3. As in the first embodiment, the first base material 2 is partially thick in the vertical direction (Z direction) by the convex portion 2B provided on the one surface (second surface 2b) side of the first base material 2. Are different.

In the previous embodiment, the intervals between the daylighting units 3 adjacent in the vertical direction (Z direction) are all constant, but in the present embodiment, they are adjacent in the vertical direction (Z direction). The intervals between the daylighting units 3 are not constant and are set to a plurality of levels.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, a plurality of daylighting units 3 are arranged with an interval s0 or an interval s1 between other adjacent daylighting units 3 (s0 <s1). In FIG. 20, the interval s0 and the interval s1 are randomly present in the vertical direction in the arrangement direction (Z direction) of the daylighting units 3, and a plurality of daylighting units 3 are irregularly arranged.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of the first base material 2 is partially different, and the arrangement interval s of the daylighting unit 3 is varied, so that the regularity of the arrangement of the constituent elements can be further improved in both elements. And stray light glare can be dispersed.

Note that the configuration is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, and the interval s0 and the interval s1 may alternately exist or regularly exist in the arrangement direction (Z direction) of the daylighting units 3. However, the configuration in which the interval s0 and the interval s1 exist randomly, that is, the configuration in which the plurality of daylighting units 3 are irregularly arranged in the vertical direction has a higher effect of improving the dispersibility of the glare emission angle.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, the configuration of the daylighting film in the daylighting apparatus of the sixth embodiment will be described by taking Examples 1 to 3 as examples.

(Example 1)
FIG. 21A is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the daylighting film 61 of Example 1 according to the sixth embodiment.
The daylighting film 61 shown in FIG. 21A is configured to have a distribution of refractive index in the daylighting film 61. Specifically, the daylighting film 61 in this embodiment has a different refractive index for each region, and uses a first region R1 formed using a material having a refractive index n1 and a material having a refractive index n2. And a second region R2 formed in the above manner.

In the first region R1, a convex portion 2C formed using a material having the same refractive index n1 as that of the daylighting portion 3A in the same region is provided. The second region R2 is provided with a convex portion 2C formed using a material having a refractive index n1, and a convex portion 2D formed using a material having the same refractive index n2 as the daylighting portion 3B in the same region. Yes.

According to this configuration, the optical path of the light incident on the first region R1 of the daylighting film 61 and the optical path of the light incident on the second region R2 can be changed. Also in each of the regions R1 and R2, the optical paths of light incident on the convex portions 2C and 2D having a predetermined refractive index and the optical paths of light not incident on the convex portions 2C and 2D can be changed.

(Example 2)
FIG. 21B is a diagram showing a configuration of the daylighting film 62 of Example 2 in the sixth embodiment.
The daylighting film 62 shown in FIG. 21B includes a first base 2 composed of a base body 2A and a plurality of convex portions 2C, and a first surface 2a of the first base 2 (a second surface 2b provided with the convex portions 2C). And a plurality of daylighting units 3A provided on the opposite surface). The first base 2 and the plurality of daylighting units 3A are made of a material having a refractive index n1.
In the present embodiment, some of the daylighting units 3B among the plurality of daylighting units are made of a material having a refractive index n2 different from those of the other daylighting units 3A and the first base material 2.

For this reason, not only the light path of light traveling in the daylighting unit 3A having the refractive index n1 and the base body 2A, and the daylighting unit 3B having the refractive index n2, but also the daylighting unit 3B having the refractive index n2 The optical path of the traveling light can be changed. Further, since the optical path of the light traveling in the convex portion 2C is also different from the other optical paths, the glare light beam can be further dispersed.

(Example 3)
FIG. 21C is a diagram showing a configuration of the daylighting film 63 of Example 3 in the sixth embodiment.
The daylighting film 63 shown in FIG. 21C is configured by providing a plurality of plate members 64A, 64B, and 64C having different refractive indexes on the second surface 2b side of the first base material 2.
A plate member 64A made of a material having a refractive index n3 has a convex portion 2E made of the same material.
The plate member 64C made of a material having a refractive index n1 has a convex portion 2F made of the same material.
Further, in FIG. 21C, the plate member 64B made of the material having the refractive index n2 is not provided with a protrusion, but like the other plate members 64A and 64C, the protrusion made of the same material as the plate member 64B is provided. It may be provided.

According to this configuration, the plate members 64A, 64B, and 64C need only be bonded to the second surface 2b of the first base member 2, so that the adjustment of the optical path change is easy and the manufacture is easy.

In addition, it is good also as a structure which provided the convex part which has not only the structure of a present Example but a different refractive index in plate member 64A, 64B, 64C, respectively.

As described above, according to the daylighting films 61 to 63 in the present embodiment, the light flux at the peak of the stray light glare is obtained by partially varying the thickness and the refractive index of the first base material 2 in the daylighting film 63. Can be further reduced.

[Seventh Embodiment]
Next, the structure of the daylighting film in the daylighting apparatus of 7th Embodiment is demonstrated.
The basic structure of the daylighting film of this embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but the distribution of the thickness t of the first substrate 2 in the daylighting film is different. Therefore, in the following description, a different part from previous embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. In the drawings used for the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those used in the description of the previous embodiment.

22 to 24 show the optical path and luminance of light emitted from the daylighting films having partially different thicknesses, and the luminance varies depending on the thickness of each arrow in the drawing. Here, the thicker the arrow is, the brighter it is.

(Example 1)
First, the luminance distribution due to the difference in thickness t in the daylighting film will be described.
FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the optical path and luminance of the daylighting film 71 of the first embodiment in the seventh embodiment, in which the thicknesses t1 to t3 in the vertical direction of the first base material 2 are repeatedly set in this order.
As shown in FIG. 22, in the first base material 2 of the daylighting film 71, for example, when the thicknesses t1 to t3 in the vertical direction are regularly set repeatedly, the thickness varies depending on the thicknesses t1 to t3. Luminous emitted light is emitted from the daylighting film 71. In this case, since a person in the room views the daylighting film 71 from a distance of about several meters from the daylighting film 71, a certain area (area including at least one thickness t1, thickness t2, and thickness t3). You will see light with an averaged brightness at.

(Example 2)
FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the optical path and luminance of the daylighting film 72 of Example 2 in the seventh embodiment, in which the thicknesses t1 to t3 are set at random.
As shown in FIG. 23, in the first base material 2 of the daylighting film 72, for example, when the thicknesses t1 to t3 are set at random, emission lights having different luminances are emitted at random.
When a person in the room looks at the daylighting film 72, he / she sees light with uniform luminance.

(Example 3)
FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating the optical path and luminance of the daylighting film 73 of Example 3 in the seventh embodiment, in which the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 are different for each of the regions A1, A2, and A3 of the first base material 2.
As shown in FIG. 24, in the first base material 2 of the daylighting film 73, for example, a region A1 set to a thickness t1, a region A2 set to a thickness t2, and a region A3 set to a thickness t3. , Light having different luminance is emitted for each of the areas A1, A2, and A3. In this case, in the light emitted from the daylighting film 73, a different luminance distribution appears for each of the areas A1, A2, and A3.
As described above, by varying the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 for each region A1, A2, and A3 of the first base material 2, a difference occurs in the luminance distribution due to stray light glare. That's fine.

[Eighth Embodiment]
Next, the structure of the daylighting film in the daylighting device of the eighth embodiment will be described.
The basic configuration of the daylighting film 81 of the present embodiment shown below is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, but is different in that design is imparted to the light emitted from the daylighting film 81. Therefore, in the following description, a different part from previous embodiment is demonstrated in detail, and description of a common location is abbreviate | omitted. In the drawings used for the description, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those used in the description of the previous embodiment.

FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the distribution of the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 of the first base material (base material) 81A in the daylighting film 81 as an example of the eighth embodiment. FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the daylighting film 81 illustrated in FIG. 25 is viewed from a person in the room.
As shown in FIG. 25, in the daylighting film 81, for example, in the case of a configuration in which the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 of the first base material 81A are repeatedly arranged in this order, a person who is in the room as shown in FIG. When the daylighting film 81 is viewed, the luminance (brightness) of the emitted light varies depending on the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 of the first base material 81A.

In this way, by adjusting the distribution of the thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 in the first base material 81A of the daylighting film 81 for each predetermined region, the difference in brightness of the emitted light flux of the stray light glare can be used. The design can be arbitrarily given to the daylighting film 81.

The preferred embodiments according to one aspect of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.

As the daylighting film 81 described above, for example, a daylighting film having a first base member 81A as shown in FIG. 27 may be adopted. The first base material 81 </ b> A is configured by being bonded through a base base material (base material body) 12, a resin base material (additional member) 14, and an adhesive layer 13 that have a smooth shape.

The base substrate 12 has a first surface 12a and a second surface 12b that are parallel to each other, and the thickness of the substrate in the vertical direction (Z direction) is substantially constant.
The resin base material 14 is bonded along the surface of the adhesive layer 13 provided on the second surface 12 b side of the base base material 12. The surface of the adhesive layer 13 is an uneven surface 13b, and the thickness of the layer is partially different.

The uneven surface 13b of the adhesive layer 13 in the present embodiment has a plurality of curved surfaces 13c having the same curvature, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 varies between the minimum thickness T1 and the maximum thickness T2 in the vertical direction. ing. The film-like resin base material 14 bonded onto the uneven surface 13b has a shape reflecting the uneven shape on the surface of the adhesive layer 13. Therefore, the resin base material 14 is also uneven.
The uneven shape of the uneven surface 13b of the adhesive layer 13 is not limited to the illustrated shape. The unevenness generated when the adhesive is applied may be formed, or the unevenness may be intentionally formed.

In this configuration, the thickness of the adhesive layer 13 is partially different, and the interface between the light emitting surface of the daylighting film 81 (the second surface 14b of the resin base material 14) and the air layer is not smooth but is an uneven surface. It has become. Therefore, a plurality of light beams forming the stray light glare emitted from the daylighting film 81 can be dispersed to more angles on the light emission side.

Moreover, you may employ | adopt the lighting film which has 1st base material (base material) 81B as shown in FIG. 28 as the lighting film 81 mentioned above, for example.
The first base material 81B is configured by being bonded to each other via the base base material 12 having a smooth shape, the resin base material 14, and the adhesive layer 13, and is formed on the first surface 14a of the resin base material 14 disposed on the light incident side. A plurality of daylighting units 3 are provided.

The resin base material 14 having the plurality of daylighting portions 3 on the first surface 14 a side is bonded along the uneven surface 13 b of the adhesive layer 13 provided on the base base material 12. The film-like resin base material 14 bonded on the uneven surface 13 b has a shape reflecting the uneven shape on the surface of the adhesive layer 13. Therefore, the resin base material 14 is also uneven, and the postures of the respective daylighting units 3 also change from each other.
With such a configuration, it is possible to disperse the light rays forming the glare light beam at more angles on the light incident side.

[Ninth Embodiment]
(Roll screen)
Next, as a lighting device according to the ninth embodiment, for example, a roll screen (lighting device) 301 shown in FIGS. 29 and 30 will be described.
FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the roll screen 301. 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE ′ of the roll screen 301 shown in FIG. Moreover, in the following description, about the site | part equivalent to the said daylighting film 1, while omitting description, the same code | symbol shall be attached | subjected in drawing.

29 and 30, the roll screen 301 includes a daylighting screen 302 and a winding mechanism 303 that supports the daylighting screen 302 so as to be freely wound.

As shown in FIG. 29, the daylighting screen 302 includes a plurality of daylighting films formed side by side on a film-like (sheet-like) first base 2 having light permeability and a first surface 2 a of the first base 2. And a daylighting member 300 having a plurality of gaps 4 formed between each of the plurality of daylighting parts 3 and taking in outside light through the daylighting member 300. The daylighting screen 302 has basically the same structure as the daylighting film 1. However, the thickness of the first substrate 2 having the substrate body 2A and at least one convex portion 2B is a thickness suitable for the roll screen 301.

As shown in FIG. 30, the winding mechanism 303 includes a winding core (supporting member) 304 attached along the upper end of the daylighting screen 302 and a lower pipe (supporting) attached along the lower end of the daylighting screen 302. Member) 305, a tension cord 306 attached to the center of the lower end of the daylighting screen 302, and a storage case 307 for storing the daylighting screen 302 wound around the winding core 304.

The take-up mechanism 303 is a pull cord type, and is fixed at the position where the daylighting screen 302 is pulled out, or by further pulling the tensioning cord 306 from the position where it is pulled out, and the fixing is released and the daylighting screen 302 is attached to the core 304. It is possible to wind up automatically. The winding mechanism 303 is not limited to such a pull cord type, but may be a chain type winding mechanism that rotates the winding core 304 with a chain, an automatic winding mechanism that rotates the winding core 304 with a motor, or the like. There may be.

The roll screen 301 having the above-described configuration is in a state where the storage case 307 is fixed to the upper part of the window glass 308, while the daylighting screen 302 stored in the storage case 307 is pulled out by the pull cord 306, It is used in a state where it faces the inner surface. At this time, the daylighting screen 302 is arranged in a direction in which the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units 3 matches the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the window glass 308 with respect to the window glass 308. That is, the daylighting screen 302 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the plurality of daylighting units 3 is aligned with the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) of the window glass 308 with respect to the window glass 308.

The daylighting screen 302 facing the inner surface of the window glass 308 irradiates the light incident on the room through the window glass 308 toward the indoor ceiling while changing the light traveling direction in the plurality of daylighting units 3. Moreover, since the light which goes to a ceiling reflects on a ceiling and illuminates a room, it becomes a substitute for illumination light. Therefore, when such a roll screen 301 is used, the energy saving effect which saves the energy which the lighting equipment in a building consumes during the day can be expected.

As described above, when the roll screen 301 of the present embodiment is used, outdoor natural light (sunlight) is efficiently taken into the room, and the interior of the room is not made to feel dazzling. It is possible to make it feel brighter, and it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the irradiation position due to changes in the altitude of the sun.

In addition to the configuration of the roll screen 301, the roll screen according to the embodiment of the present invention is directed to the glare region G, for example, on the second surface 2b side of the first base material 2 in addition to the configuration of the roll screen 301. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a functional film such as a light diffusion film for diffusing light in a direction or a heat-insulating film having light permeability for blocking radiant heat of natural light (sunlight) is arranged.

[Tenth embodiment]
(blind)
Next, as a tenth embodiment of the present invention, for example, a blind (lighting device) 401 illustrated in FIG. 31 will be described. Moreover, in the following description, while omitting description about the same part as the said daylighting film 1, it shall attach | subject the same code | symbol in drawing.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the blind. 32A and 32B are perspective views showing a schematic configuration of the blind 401, FIG. 32A shows an open state of the blind 401, and FIG. 32B shows a closed state of the blind 401. FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a daylighting slat included in the blind. FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the direction of the daylighting slats included in the blinds is reversed.

As shown in FIG. 31, the blind 401 includes a plurality of daylighting slats 402 arranged side by side at a predetermined interval, a tilting mechanism (supporting mechanism) 403 that supports the plurality of daylighting slats 402 so as to tilt freely. A storage mechanism 408 that folds and stores the plurality of daylighting slats 402 connected by the tilting mechanism 403 so as to be able to be inserted and removed.

The plurality of daylighting slats 402 are formed side by side on the first base 2 and the first surface 2a of the first base 2 as shown in FIGS. 32A, 32B and 33. The lighting member includes a plurality of daylighting units 3 and a plurality of gaps 4 formed between the plurality of daylighting units 3. The 1st base material 2 has at least 1 convex part 2B in the 2nd surface 2b side. Each daylighting slat 402 is made of any one of the daylighting films of the above-described embodiments.

The tilting mechanism 403 includes a plurality of ladder cords 404. Although not shown, the plurality of ladder cords 404 support the plurality of daylighting slats 402 by being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the daylighting slats 402. Specifically, the ladder code 404 is spanned between a pair of vertical cords 405a and 405b arranged in parallel to each other and the vertical cords 405a and 405b, and a plurality of the ladder cords 404 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vertical cords 405a and 405b. And a horizontal cord 406. Further, the ladder cord 404 holds the daylighting slat 402 between the vertical cords 405a and 405b while sandwiching the daylighting slat 402 with a pair of holding cords 407a and 407b constituting the horizontal cord 406.

Although not shown, the tilt mechanism 403 includes an operation mechanism that moves the pair of vertical cords 405a and 405b in the vertical direction opposite to each other. In the tilting mechanism 403, the plurality of daylighting slats 402 can be tilted while being synchronized with each other by moving the pair of vertical cords 405a and 405b by the operation mechanism.

The blind 401 having the above-described configuration is used in a state of being suspended from the upper part of a window glass (not shown) and facing the inner surface of the window glass. At this time, each daylighting slat 402 is arrange | positioned with the direction in which the arrangement direction of the some lighting part 3 corresponds with the vertical direction (vertical direction) of a window glass with respect to a windowglass. In other words, the daylighting slats 402 are arranged so that the extending direction of the plurality of daylighting units 3 is aligned with the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) of the window glass with respect to the window glass.

As shown in FIG. 33, the blind 401 facing the inner surface of the window glass directs the light L incident into the room through the window glass toward the indoor ceiling while changing the light traveling direction in the plurality of daylighting units 3. Irradiate. In addition, the light L directed to the ceiling is reflected by the ceiling and illuminates the room, and thus is a substitute for illumination light. Therefore, when such a blind 401 is used, an energy saving effect that saves the energy consumed by the lighting equipment in the building during the day can be expected.

In the blind 401, the angle of the light L toward the ceiling can be adjusted by tilting the plurality of daylighting slats 402. Furthermore, light incident from between the plurality of daylighting slats 402 can be adjusted.

Further, in the blind 401, as shown in FIG. 34, even when the direction of the daylighting slat 402 is reversed by 180 °, the light L incident on the room through the window glass is changed as in the case before the direction of the daylighting slat 402 is reversed. It is possible to irradiate the indoor ceiling while changing the traveling direction of the light with the plurality of daylighting units 3.

As described above, when the blind 401 according to the present embodiment is used, outdoor natural light (sunlight) is efficiently taken indoors, and the indoor people are not dazzled without feeling dazzling. It is possible to make the viewer feel brighter, and to suppress fluctuations in the irradiation position accompanying changes in the altitude of the sun.

Note that one aspect of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the configuration of the blind 401 of the ninth embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, as a blind according to the embodiment of the present invention, although not shown in the drawing, in addition to the configuration of the blind 401, on the second surface 2b side of the first base material 2, for example, in the direction toward the glare region G Functional films (functional members) such as a light diffusing film (light diffusing member) for diffusing light and a light-transmitting heat insulating film (heat insulating member) for blocking radiant heat of natural light (sunlight) are arranged. It is also possible to adopt the configuration described above.

Further, as the blind according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to use a light shielding slat having a light shielding property in combination with the daylighting slat 402. In this case, it is set as the structure provided with the daylighting part comprised by the some lighting slat 402, and the light-shielding part comprised in the lower part of this daylighting part by the some light-shielding slat. With this configuration, the light that has entered the room through the window glass is irradiated toward the indoor ceiling by the plurality of daylighting slats 402 constituting the daylighting unit, and is directed to the glare region by the plurality of daylighting slats constituting the light shielding unit. Can be shielded from light.

[Lighting control system]
FIG. 35 is a sectional view taken along the line JJ ′ of FIG. 36, which is a room model 2000 equipped with a daylighting device and an illumination dimming system. FIG. 36 is a plan view showing the ceiling of the room model 2000. FIG.

In the room model 2000, the ceiling material constituting the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 into which external light is introduced may have high light reflectivity. As shown in FIGS. 35 and 36, a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is installed on the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 as a light-reflective ceiling material. The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is intended to promote the introduction of outside light from the daylighting device 2010 installed in the window 2002 into the interior of the room, and is installed on the ceiling 2003a near the window. Yes. Specifically, it is installed in a predetermined area E (an area about 3 m from the window 2002) of the ceiling 2003a.

As described above, the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is configured to transmit the outside light introduced into the room through the window 2002 in which the daylighting device 2010 (the daylighting device of any of the above-described embodiments) is installed. Efficiently leads to the back. The external light introduced from the lighting device 2010 toward the indoor ceiling 2003a is reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and changes its direction to illuminate the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed in the interior of the room. The effect of brightening the desk top surface 2005a is exhibited.

The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A may be diffusely reflective or specularly reflective, but has the effect of brightening the desk top surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed in the interior of the room, and is in the room. In order to achieve both effects of suppressing glare light that is unpleasant for humans, it is preferable that the characteristics of the two are appropriately mixed.

Most of the light introduced into the room by the daylighting apparatus 2010 goes to the ceiling near the window 2002, but the light quantity in the vicinity of the window 2002 is often sufficient. Therefore, by using together the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A as described above, the light incident on the ceiling (region E) in the vicinity of the window can be distributed toward the back of the room where the amount of light is small compared to the window.

The light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is formed by, for example, embossing a metal plate such as aluminum with unevenness of about several tens of microns, or depositing a metal thin film such as aluminum on the surface of a resin substrate on which similar unevenness is formed. Can be created. Or the unevenness | corrugation formed by embossing may be formed in the curved surface of a larger period.

Furthermore, by appropriately changing the emboss shape formed on the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A, it is possible to control the light distribution characteristics and the light distribution in the room. For example, when embossing is performed in a stripe shape extending toward the back of the room, the light reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is in the left-right direction of the window 2002 (direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the unevenness). spread. When the size and direction of the window 2002 in the room 2003 are limited, the light is reflected in the horizontal direction by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and the interior of the room 2003 is moved to the back of the room. It can be reflected toward.

The daylighting apparatus 2010 is used as a part of the illumination dimming system in the room 2003. The lighting dimming system includes, for example, a lighting device 2010, a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007, a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 installed in a window, a control system thereof, and a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A installed on a ceiling 2003a. And the constituent members of the entire room including

In the window 2002 of the room 2003, a lighting device 2010 is installed on the upper side, and a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 is installed on the lower side. Here, a blind is installed as the solar radiation adjustment device 2008, but this is not a limitation.

In the room 2003, a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the window 2002 and the depth direction (X direction) of the room. The plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 together with the daylighting device 2010 constitute an entire lighting system of the room 2003.

As shown in FIGS. 35 and 36, for example, an office ceiling 2003a in which the length L1 in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the window 2002 is 18 m and the length L2 in the depth direction (X direction) of the room 2003 is 9 m is shown. . Here, the indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid pattern with an interval P of 1.8 m in the horizontal direction (Y direction) and the depth direction (X direction) of the ceiling 2003a.
More specifically, 50 indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in 10 rows (Y direction) × 5 columns (X direction).

The indoor lighting device 2007 includes an indoor lighting fixture 2007a, a brightness detection unit 2007b, and a control unit 2007c. The indoor lighting fixture 2007a is configured by integrating the brightness detection unit 2007b and the control unit 2007c. It is.

The indoor lighting device 2007 may include a plurality of indoor lighting fixtures 2007a and a plurality of brightness detection units 2007b. However, one brightness detector 2007b is provided for each indoor lighting device 2007a. The brightness detection unit 2007b receives the reflected light of the irradiated surface illuminated by the indoor lighting fixture 2007a, and detects the illuminance of the irradiated surface. Here, the brightness detection unit 2007b detects the illuminance of the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed indoors.

The control units 2007c provided for each room lighting device 2007 are connected to each other. Each indoor lighting device 2007 is configured such that the illuminance of the desk top surface 2005a detected by each brightness detecting unit 2007b becomes a constant target illuminance L0 (for example, average illuminance: 750 lx) by the control units 2007c connected to each other. Feedback control is performed to adjust the light output of the LED lamp of each indoor lighting fixture 2007a.

FIG. 37 is a graph showing the relationship between the illuminance of light (natural light) taken indoors by the daylighting device and the illuminance (illumination dimming system) by the indoor lighting device. In FIG. 37, the vertical axis represents the illuminance (lx) on the desk surface, and the horizontal axis represents the distance (m) from the window. Moreover, the broken line in the figure indicates the target illuminance in the room. (●: Illuminance by lighting device, △: Illuminance by indoor lighting device, ◇: Total illumination)

As shown in FIG. 37, the desk surface illuminance due to the light collected by the daylighting device 2010 is brighter in the vicinity of the window, and the effect becomes smaller as the distance from the window increases. In a room to which the daylighting device 2010 is applied, such an illuminance distribution in the back direction of the room is generated by natural daylighting from a window in the daytime. Therefore, the daylighting device 2010 is used in combination with the indoor lighting device 2007 that compensates for the illuminance distribution in the room. The indoor lighting device 2007 installed on the indoor ceiling detects the average illuminance below each device by the brightness detection unit 2007b, and is dimmed and controlled so that the desk surface illuminance of the entire room becomes a constant target illuminance L0. Lights up.

Therefore, the S1 and S2 rows installed in the vicinity of the window are hardly lit, and are lit while increasing the output toward the back of the room with the S3, S4, and S5 rows. As a result, the desk surface of the room is illuminated by the sum of the illuminance by natural lighting and the illumination by the interior lighting device 2007, and the illuminance of the desk surface is 750 lx (“JIS Z9110 illumination” which is sufficient for work throughout the room. "Recommended maintenance illuminance in the office of" General "" can be realized.

As described above, by using the daylighting device 2010 and the lighting dimming system (indoor lighting device 2007) in combination, it becomes possible to deliver light to the back of the room and further improve the brightness of the room. It is possible to secure sufficient illuminance on the desk surface, which is sufficient to work throughout the room. Therefore, a more stable and bright light environment can be obtained without being affected by the season or weather.

The preferred embodiments according to one aspect of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that one aspect of the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. It is understood that it belongs to.

One embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a daylighting apparatus or the like that needs to secure a favorable indoor environment in which glare is suppressed and a person in the room does not feel dazzling.

1, 1A, 20, 31, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 61, 62, 63, 71, 72, 73, 81 ... Daylighting film, 2, 9, 21, 81A , 81B, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 ... first base material (base material), 2a, 12a, 14a, 33a ... first surface, 2b, 12b, 14b, 33b ... second surface, 3, 3A, 3B, ... daylighting unit, 3d, 3e ... surface (reflection surface), 7 ... plane, 100, 2010 ... daylighting device, 301 ... roll screen (lighting device), 401 ... blind (daylighting device), L1, L2 ... length, p ... interval, t, t0 ... thickness, W ... width

Claims (9)

1. At least a daylighting film comprising a base material having light permeability and a plurality of daylighting portions having light transmittance provided on the first surface side of the base material,
   The daylighting unit has a reflection surface that reflects light incident on the daylighting unit, and the light reflected from the reflection surface and emitted from the second surface of the base material is the first surface of the base material. Of the two spaces having a virtual plane as a boundary perpendicular to two surfaces and parallel to the extending direction of the daylighting section, the light travels toward the space on the same side as the light incident side on the reflecting surface. And
   The said base material is a lighting apparatus which has several area | regions from which thickness differs.
2. When the length obtained by adding the width W in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the daylighting unit and the interval s between the daylighting units adjacent to each other is p,
   A thickness t in at least one of the plurality of regions satisfies the following condition:
   The daylighting device according to claim 1.
   

   

   Here, t0 indicates the base material thickness.
3. When the length obtained by adding the width W in the direction intersecting the extending direction of the daylighting unit and the interval s between the daylighting units adjacent to each other is p,
   A thickness t in at least one of the plurality of regions satisfies the following condition:
   The daylighting device according to claim 1.
   

   

   Here, t0 indicates the base material thickness.
4. The base material includes a base material body having optical transparency and an additional member having optical transparency.
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The base material body and the additional member are bonded through an adhesive layer,
   The thickness of the adhesive layer is changed in the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting parts,
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
6. The thickness of the base material is continuously changing in the arrangement direction of the plurality of daylighting units,
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
7. The intervals between the adjacent daylighting units are set to a plurality of levels,
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
8. The refractive index of the substrate has a distribution in one plane,
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
9. The refractive index of the plurality of daylighting portions has a distribution within one surface of the base material,
   The daylighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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