JP2016079250A - Friction material composition, friction material, and friction member - Google Patents
Friction material composition, friction material, and friction member Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、自動車等の制動に用いられるディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に適した摩擦材組成物に関し、特にアスベストを含まないノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物に関する。また、該摩擦材組成物を用いた摩擦材及び摩擦部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a friction material composition suitable for a friction material such as a disc brake pad used for braking of an automobile or the like, and more particularly to a non-asbestos friction material composition containing no asbestos. The present invention also relates to a friction material and a friction member using the friction material composition.
自動車等には、その制動のためにディスクブレーキパッド、ブレーキライニング等の摩擦材が使用されている。摩擦材は、ディスクローター、ブレーキドラム等の対面材と摩擦することにより、制動の役割を果たしている。そのため、摩擦材には、良好な摩擦係数、耐摩耗性（摩擦材の寿命が長いこと）、強度、音振性（ブレーキ鳴きや異音が発生しにくいこと）等が要求される。摩擦係数は車速、減速度やブレーキ温度によらず安定であることが要求される。また、近年では、連続した高速（車速２００ｋｍ／ｈ以上）・高減速度（０．８Ｇ以上）の制動でブレーキ温度が異常に高くなるような過酷な制動条件においても、摩擦係数の低下が少ないこと（高速フェード特性）が摩擦材に要求される。 In automobiles and the like, friction materials such as disc brake pads and brake linings are used for braking. The friction material plays a role of braking by friction with facing materials such as a disk rotor and a brake drum. For this reason, the friction material is required to have a good coefficient of friction, wear resistance (the friction material has a long life), strength, sound vibration (the brake noise and abnormal noise are unlikely to occur), and the like. The friction coefficient is required to be stable regardless of the vehicle speed, deceleration and brake temperature. In recent years, the friction coefficient is less decreased even under severe braking conditions in which the braking temperature is abnormally high due to continuous high-speed (vehicle speed of 200 km / h or higher) and high deceleration (0.8 G or higher) braking. (Fast fade characteristics) is required for the friction material.
また近年では、摩擦材中に使用される銅が、ブレーキの摩耗粉として飛散し、河川、湖や海洋汚染等の原因となっており、使用を制限する動きが高まっている。銅は、繊維や粉末の形態で摩擦材に配合され、高温での制動条件下での摩擦係数の保持（耐フェード性）や高温での耐摩耗性改善に有効な成分である。そのため銅を含有しない組成においては、前述の高速フェード特性が極端に悪化するという問題があった。 In recent years, copper used in the friction material is scattered as brake powder, causing rivers, lakes, marine pollution, and the like. Copper is blended into the friction material in the form of fibers and powders, and is an effective component for maintaining the friction coefficient under high-temperature braking conditions (fading resistance) and improving wear resistance at high temperatures. Therefore, the composition containing no copper has a problem that the above-mentioned high-speed fade characteristic is extremely deteriorated.
このような銅の使用を制限する動きの中、銅を含有しない組成において、高温での摩擦特性を向上する方策として、複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸化合物の少なくとも１種と、生体溶解性無機繊維とを含有する摩擦材（特許文献１）や特定量の結合材、有機繊維、金属硫化物系潤滑材、炭素質系潤滑材、チタン酸塩、マイルド／ハードアブレシブ、有機摩擦調整剤、ｐＨ調整剤を含有する摩擦材（特許文献２）が提案されている。 In a movement that restricts the use of copper, in a composition that does not contain copper, as a measure for improving friction characteristics at high temperature, at least one titanate compound having a plurality of convex shapes, and biosolubility Friction material containing inorganic fiber (Patent Document 1), specific amount of binder, organic fiber, metal sulfide lubricant, carbonaceous lubricant, titanate, mild / hard abrasive, organic friction modifier, A friction material containing a pH adjuster (Patent Document 2) has been proposed.
特許文献１，２はいずれも銅を含有しない組成において、高温での摩擦特性の向上を図ったものであるが、これらで提案の摩擦材は、車速２００ｋｍ／ｈ以上の高速フェード特性の改善効果は未だ充分とはいえない。 Patent Documents 1 and 2 both improve the friction characteristics at high temperatures in a composition that does not contain copper, but these proposed friction materials are effective in improving high-speed fade characteristics at a vehicle speed of 200 km / h or higher. Is still not enough.
本発明は、上記事情を鑑みなされたもので、高速フェード特性が悪化する銅を含有しない、または銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下の摩擦材において、高い高速フェード特性を示す摩擦材組成物を得ることを課題とし、具体的に、高速２００ｋｍ／ｈから減速度０．８Ｇの急制動を繰り返し、異常なブレーキ温度の上昇が伴う高速フェード条件においても、十分な摩擦係数を保持することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and does not contain copper that deteriorates high-speed fade characteristics, or a friction material composition that exhibits high high-speed fade characteristics in a friction material having a copper content of 0.5 mass% or less. In particular, to maintain a sufficient coefficient of friction even in high-speed fade conditions with an abnormal increase in brake temperature by repeating rapid braking at a deceleration of 0.8G from high-speed 200km / h. Is an issue.
本発明者らは、摩擦面の温度が５００℃以上となる高温制動時において、結合材の急激な分解が生じ、還元雰囲気の分解ガスが発生する。このとき、ある種の金属硫化物は、還元雰囲気の分解ガスにより分解されて金属触媒として作用し、結合剤の低分子化を促進して、還元雰囲気下でアモルファス炭素の強固な層の形成を促すとともに、この強固なアモルファス炭素の層が高速高温制動時に摩擦係数の保持に有効であり、銅を含有しない組成においても、高速フェード条件における摩擦係数の保持に有効であることを見出した。 In the high temperature braking in which the temperature of the friction surface is 500 ° C. or higher, the present inventors cause a rapid decomposition of the binding material and generate a decomposition gas in a reducing atmosphere. At this time, certain metal sulfides are decomposed by the decomposition gas in the reducing atmosphere and act as a metal catalyst, promoting the low molecular weight of the binder and forming a strong layer of amorphous carbon in the reducing atmosphere. In addition, the present inventors have found that this strong amorphous carbon layer is effective in maintaining the friction coefficient during high-speed and high-temperature braking, and is effective in maintaining the friction coefficient in high-speed fade conditions even in a composition containing no copper.
本発明はこの知見に基づくものであり、具体的に、本発明の摩擦材組成物は、結合剤、有機充填材、無機充填材および繊維基材を含む摩擦材組成物であって、該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下であり、硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデンから選ばれる１種若しくは２種以上の組合せで金属硫化物を８〜３０質量％含有することを特徴とする。 The present invention is based on this finding. Specifically, the friction material composition of the present invention is a friction material composition including a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler, and a fiber substrate, and the friction material composition includes the friction material composition. The material composition does not contain copper as an element, or the copper content is 0.5% by mass or less, and is a metal in one or a combination of two or more selected from tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide and molybdenum disulfide It contains 8 to 30% by mass of sulfide.
本発明の摩擦材組成物においては、前記硫化錫が硫化錫（II）であること、前記硫化錫が硫化錫（IV）であることが好ましく、前記硫化錫が硫化錫（II）と硫化錫（IV）の混合物としてもよい。 In the friction material composition of the present invention, the tin sulfide is preferably tin (II) sulfide, and the tin sulfide is preferably tin (IV) sulfide, and the tin sulfide is tin (II) sulfide and tin sulfide. It may be a mixture of (IV).
また、本発明の摩擦材は、上記の本発明の摩擦材組成物を成形してなるものであることを特徴とし、本発明の摩擦部材は、上記の本発明の摩擦材組成物を成形してなる摩擦材と裏金を用いて形成されるものであることを特徴とする。 In addition, the friction material of the present invention is formed by molding the friction material composition of the present invention, and the friction member of the present invention is formed by molding the friction material composition of the present invention. It is formed using a friction material and a back metal.
本発明によれば、自動車用ディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に用いた際に、環境負荷の高い銅を用いることなく、高速フェード条件での摩擦係数が高い摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a friction material composition, a friction material, and a friction member having a high coefficient of friction under a high-speed fade condition without using copper having a high environmental load when used for a friction material such as an automobile disc brake pad. Can be provided.
以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、これを用いた摩擦材及び摩擦部材について詳述する。なお、本発明の摩擦材組成物は、アスベストを含まない、いわゆるノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物である。 Hereinafter, the friction material composition of the present invention, the friction material using the same, and the friction member will be described in detail. The friction material composition of the present invention is a so-called non-asbestos friction material composition that does not contain asbestos.
［摩擦材組成物］
本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、銅を含有しない、もしくは、銅を含有する場合であっても銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下であることを第１の骨子とする。上記のように、銅は、高温での制動条件下での摩擦係数の保持（耐フェード性）や高温での耐摩耗性改善に有効な成分であり、銅を含有しない、あるいは銅量が過小の組成においては、前述の高速フェード特性が極端に悪化することとなる。本発明の摩擦材組成物においては特定の硫化物を用いることで、高温での摩擦係数の保持（耐フェード性）や高温での耐摩耗性改善を図ったことを第２の骨子とする。
[Friction material composition]
The friction material composition of this embodiment does not contain copper, or the content of copper is 0.5 mass% or less even if it contains copper. As mentioned above, copper is an effective component for maintaining the coefficient of friction under high-temperature braking conditions (fading resistance) and improving wear resistance at high temperatures, and does not contain copper or the amount of copper is too small. In this composition, the above-mentioned high-speed fade characteristics are extremely deteriorated. The friction material composition of the present invention uses a specific sulfide to maintain the friction coefficient at a high temperature (fading resistance) and improve the wear resistance at a high temperature.
（硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデン）
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデンから選ばれる１種若しくは２種以上の組合せで金属硫化物を含有する。これらの金属硫化物は、モース硬度が１〜２と低く、固体潤滑剤として優れるとともに、還元雰囲気下で分解されて金属触媒として作用し、摩擦材中の結合剤の低分子化を促進して、アモルファス炭素の強固な層の形成を促進して、高温での摩擦係数を保持する作用を有し、高速フェード特性の向上に寄与する。
(Tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, molybdenum disulfide)
The friction material composition of the present invention contains a metal sulfide in one or a combination of two or more selected from tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, and molybdenum disulfide. These metal sulfides have a low Mohs hardness of 1 to 2 and are excellent as solid lubricants, and are decomposed in a reducing atmosphere to act as metal catalysts, promoting the low molecular weight of the binder in the friction material. It has the effect of promoting the formation of a strong layer of amorphous carbon and maintaining the friction coefficient at a high temperature, and contributes to the improvement of high-speed fade characteristics.
硫化錫は２価（硫化錫（II）；ＳｎＳ），４価（硫化錫（IV）；ＳｎＳ２）の片方一種、または両方を混合して用いても良いが、２価（硫化錫（II）；ＳｎＳ）のほうが耐熱性が高く、高速フェード特性の観点で好ましい。硫化錫、二硫化モリブデン、硫化ビスマスから選ばれる金属硫化物の総含有量は、高速フェード条件での摩擦係数保持と耐摩耗性の観点で８〜３０質量％が好ましく、８〜２０質量％がより好ましい。８質量％を下回ると高速フェード条件での摩擦係数が急激に低くなり、３０重量％を上回ると、金属硫化物による潤滑作用が大きく、アブレシブ摩耗主体の摩擦形態となる低面圧摩擦条件下のローター摩耗量が増大する。 Tin sulfide may be one of divalent (tin sulfide (II); SnS), tetravalent (tin sulfide (IV); SnS 2 ), or a mixture of both, but divalent (tin sulfide (II ); SnS) has higher heat resistance and is preferred from the viewpoint of high-speed fade characteristics. The total content of metal sulfides selected from tin sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, and bismuth sulfide is preferably 8 to 30% by mass, and 8 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint of maintaining a friction coefficient and wear resistance under high-speed fade conditions. More preferred. If it is less than 8% by mass, the coefficient of friction under high-speed fade conditions will be drastically reduced, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the lubrication effect by metal sulfide will be large, and the frictional form will be mainly composed of abrasive wear. Increased rotor wear.
（結合材）
結合剤は、摩擦材用組成物に含まれる有機充填材、無機充填材及び繊維基材などを一体化し、強度を与えるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物に含まれる結合材としては、特に制限は無く、通常、摩擦材の結合材として用いられる熱硬化性樹脂を用いることができる。
(Binder)
The binder integrates an organic filler, an inorganic filler, a fiber base material, and the like included in the friction material composition to give strength. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a binder contained in the composition for friction materials of this invention, Usually, the thermosetting resin used as a binder of a friction material can be used.
上記熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂；アクリルエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂及びシリコーンエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂などの各種エラストマー分散フェノール樹脂；アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、カシュー変性フェノール樹脂、エポキシ変性フェノール樹脂及びアルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂などの各種変性フェノール樹脂などが挙げられ、これらを単独で又は２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。特に、良好な耐熱性、成形性及び摩擦係数を与えることから、フェノール樹脂、アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、アルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂を用いることが好ましい。 Examples of the thermosetting resins include phenol resins; various elastomer-dispersed phenol resins such as acrylic elastomer-dispersed phenol resins and silicone elastomer-dispersed phenol resins; acrylic-modified phenol resins, silicone-modified phenol resins, cashew-modified phenol resins, and epoxy-modified phenols. Various modified phenol resins such as resins and alkylbenzene-modified phenol resins can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, it is preferable to use a phenol resin, an acrylic-modified phenol resin, a silicone-modified phenol resin, or an alkylbenzene-modified phenol resin because good heat resistance, moldability, and friction coefficient are given.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、結合材の含有量は、５〜２０質量％であることが好ましく、５〜１０質量％であることがより好ましい。結合材の含有量を５〜２０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の強度低下をより抑制でき、また、摩擦材の気孔率が減少し、弾性率が高くなることによる鳴きなどの音振性能悪化をより抑制できる。 The content of the binder in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 10% by mass. By setting the content of the binder in the range of 5 to 20% by mass, it is possible to further suppress the strength reduction of the friction material, and to reduce the porosity of the friction material and to make noise such as squeal due to the increase in the elastic modulus. Vibration performance deterioration can be further suppressed.
(有機充填剤)
有機充填材は、摩擦材の音振性能や耐摩耗性などを向上させるための摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材組成物に含まれる有機充填材としては、上記性能を発揮できるものであれば特に制限はなく、通常、有機充填材として用いられる、カシューダストやゴム成分などを用いることができる。
(Organic filler)
The organic filler is included as a friction modifier for improving the sound vibration performance and wear resistance of the friction material. The organic filler contained in the friction material composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the above performance, and cashew dust, rubber components, etc., which are usually used as an organic filler can be used. .
上記カシューダストは、カシューナッツシェルオイルを硬化させたものを粉砕して得られる、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであればよい。 The cashew dust is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by pulverizing a hardened cashew nut shell oil and is usually used for a friction material.
上記ゴム成分としては、例えば、タイヤゴム、アクリルゴム、イソプレンゴム、ＮＢＲ（ニトリルブタジエンゴム）、ＳＢＲ（スチレンブタジエンゴム）、塩素化ブチルゴム、ブチルゴム、シリコーンゴム、などが挙げられ、これらを単独で又は２種類以上を組み合わせて使用される。 Examples of the rubber component include tire rubber, acrylic rubber, isoprene rubber, NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and the like. Used in combination of more than one type.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、有機充填材の含有量は、１〜２０質量％であることが好ましく、１〜１０質量％であることがより好ましく、３〜８質量％であることが特に好ましい。有機充填材の含有量を１〜２０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の弾性率が高くなること、鳴きなどの音振性能の悪化を避けることができ、また耐熱性の悪化、熱履歴による強度低下を避けることができる。 The content of the organic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and 3 to 8% by mass. Particularly preferred. By setting the content of the organic filler in the range of 1 to 20% by mass, the elastic modulus of the friction material is increased, deterioration of sound vibration performance such as squealing can be avoided, heat resistance deterioration, heat It is possible to avoid a decrease in strength due to history.
（無機充填材）
無機充填材は、摩擦材の耐熱性の悪化を避けるためや、耐摩耗性を向上させるため、摩擦係数を向上する目的で添加される摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物は、通常、摩擦材に用いられる無機充填剤であれば特に制限はない。
(Inorganic filler)
The inorganic filler is included as a friction modifier that is added for the purpose of improving the friction coefficient in order to avoid deterioration of the heat resistance of the friction material or to improve the wear resistance. If the composition for friction materials of this invention is an inorganic filler normally used for a friction material, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular.
上記無機充填材としては、例えば、硫化錫、二硫化モリブデン、硫化ビスマス以外の金属硫化物として硫化鉄、三硫化アンチモン、硫化亜鉛を用いることができる。また、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、硫酸バリウム、コークス、黒鉛、マイカ、バーミキュライト、硫酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、ゼオライト、ムライト、クロマイト、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム、シリカ、ドロマイト、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、粒状または板状のチタン酸塩、珪酸ジルコニウム、γアルミナ、二酸化マンガン、酸化亜鉛、四三酸化鉄、酸化セリウム、ジルコニアなどを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。粒状または板状のチタン酸塩としては、６チタン酸カリウム、８チタン酸カリウム、チタン酸リチウムカリウム、チタン酸マグネシウムカリウム、チタン酸ナトリウムなどを用いることができる。 Examples of the inorganic filler include iron sulfide, antimony trisulfide, and zinc sulfide as metal sulfides other than tin sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, and bismuth sulfide. Also, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, barium sulfate, coke, graphite, mica, vermiculite, calcium sulfate, talc, clay, zeolite, mullite, chromite, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, dolomite, calcium carbonate, carbonic acid Magnesium, granular or plate-like titanate, zirconium silicate, γ-alumina, manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, iron tetroxide, cerium oxide, zirconia, etc. can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Can be used. As the granular or plate-like titanate, potassium 6 titanate, 8 potassium titanate, lithium potassium titanate, magnesium potassium titanate, sodium titanate, or the like can be used.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、無機充填材の含有量は、３０〜８０質量％であることが好ましく、４０〜７０質量％であることがより好ましく、５０〜６０質量％であることが特に好ましい。無機充填材の含有量を３０〜８０質量％の範囲とすることで、耐熱性の悪化を避けることができ、摩擦材のその他成分の含有量バランスの点でも好ましい。 The content of the inorganic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably 40 to 70% by mass, and 50 to 60% by mass. Particularly preferred. By making content of an inorganic filler into the range of 30-80 mass%, deterioration of heat resistance can be avoided and it is preferable also at the point of content balance of the other component of a friction material.
（繊維基材）
繊維基材は、摩擦材において補強作用を示すものである。
(Fiber substrate)
The fiber base material exhibits a reinforcing action in the friction material.
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、通常、繊維基材として用いられる、無機繊維、金属繊維、有機繊維、炭素系繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は二種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 In the friction material composition of the present invention, inorganic fibers, metal fibers, organic fibers, carbon fibers, etc., which are usually used as fiber base materials, can be used, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. be able to.
上記無機繊維としては、セラミック繊維、生分解性セラミック繊維、鉱物繊維、ガラス繊維、シリケート繊維などを用いることができ、１種又は２種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これら、無機繊維の中では、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、ＦｅＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏなどを任意の組み合わせで含有した生分解性鉱物繊維が好ましく、市販品としてはLAPINUS FIBERS B.V製のRoxulシリーズなどが挙げられる。 As said inorganic fiber, a ceramic fiber, a biodegradable ceramic fiber, a mineral fiber, glass fiber, a silicate fiber etc. can be used, It can use 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these inorganic fibers, biodegradable mineral fibers containing SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, FeO, Na 2 O and the like in any combination are preferable, and commercially available products manufactured by LAPINUS FIBERS BV Examples include the Roxul series.
上記金属繊維としては、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであれば特に制限はなく、例えば、アルミ、鉄、鋳鉄、亜鉛、錫、チタン、ニッケル、マグネシウム、シリコン、銅、黄銅などの金属または合金を主成分とする繊維を用いることができる。また、これらの金属若しくは合金は、繊維形状以外に、粉末の形状で含有しても良い。しかし、銅および銅を含有する合金は、環境有害性の観点で、銅の含有量として０．５質量％以下とする。 The metal fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for a friction material. For example, a metal or an alloy such as aluminum, iron, cast iron, zinc, tin, titanium, nickel, magnesium, silicon, copper, brass, etc. Can be used. These metals or alloys may be contained in the form of powder in addition to the fiber form. However, copper and the alloy containing copper are made into 0.5 mass% or less as copper content from a viewpoint of environmental hazard.
上記有機繊維としては、アラミド繊維、セルロース繊維、アクリル繊維、フェノール樹脂繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 As said organic fiber, an aramid fiber, a cellulose fiber, an acrylic fiber, a phenol resin fiber etc. can be used, These can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
上記炭素系繊維としては、耐炎化繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維、活性炭繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 As the carbon-based fiber, flame-resistant fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, PAN-based carbon fiber, activated carbon fiber, or the like can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明の摩擦材組成物における、繊維基材の含有量は、摩擦材組成物において５〜４０質量％であることが好ましく、５〜２０質量％であることがより好ましく、５〜１５質量％であることが特に好ましい。繊維基材の含有量を５〜４０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材としての最適な気孔率が得られ、鳴き防止ができ、適正な材料強度が得られ、耐摩耗性を発現し、成形性をよくすることができる。 The content of the fiber substrate in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and 5 to 15% by mass in the friction material composition. It is particularly preferred that By setting the content of the fiber base in the range of 5 to 40% by mass, an optimum porosity as a friction material can be obtained, squeal can be prevented, an appropriate material strength can be obtained, and wear resistance can be exhibited. The moldability can be improved.
［摩擦材］
本実施形態の摩擦材は、本発明の摩擦材組成物を一般に使用されている方法で成形して製造することができ、好ましくは加熱加圧成形して製造される。詳細には、例えば、本発明の摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー（「レーディゲ」は登録商標）、加圧ニーダー、アイリッヒミキサー（「アイリッヒ」は登録商標）等の混合機を用いて均一に混合し、この混合物を成形金型にて予備成形し、得られた予備成形物を成形温度１３０〜１６０℃、成形圧力２０〜５０ＭＰａ、成形時間２〜１０分間の条件で成形し、得られた成形物を１５０〜２５０℃で２〜１０時間熱処理することで製造される。また更に、必要に応じて塗装、スコーチ処理、研磨処理を行うことで製造される。
[Friction material]
The friction material of the present embodiment can be manufactured by molding the friction material composition of the present invention by a generally used method, and is preferably manufactured by hot pressing. In detail, for example, the friction material composition of the present invention is uniformly applied using a mixer such as a Laedige mixer (“Laedige” is a registered trademark), a pressure kneader, an Eirich mixer (“Eirich” is a registered trademark), or the like. This mixture is preformed with a molding die, and the obtained preform is molded under conditions of a molding temperature of 130 to 160 ° C., a molding pressure of 20 to 50 MPa, and a molding time of 2 to 10 minutes. The molded product is heat-treated at 150 to 250 ° C. for 2 to 10 hours. Furthermore, it is manufactured by performing coating, scorch treatment, and polishing treatment as necessary.
［摩擦部材］
本実施形態の摩擦部材は、上記の本実施形態の摩擦材を摩擦面となる摩擦材として用いてなる。上記摩擦部材としては、例えば、下記の構成が挙げられる。
（１）摩擦材のみの構成
（２）裏金と、該裏金の上に摩擦面となる本発明の摩擦材組成物からなる摩擦材とを有する構成
（３）上記（２）の構成において、裏金と摩擦材との間に、裏金の接着効果を高めるための表面改質を目的としたプライマー層、及び、裏金と摩擦材との接着を目的とした接着層を更に介在させた構成
[Friction material]
The friction member of the present embodiment uses the friction material of the present embodiment as a friction material that becomes a friction surface. Examples of the friction member include the following configurations.
(1) Configuration of only friction material (2) Configuration having a back metal and a friction material made of the friction material composition of the present invention which becomes a friction surface on the back metal (3) In the above configuration (2), the back metal A primer layer for the purpose of surface modification to enhance the adhesion effect of the back metal and an adhesive layer for the purpose of bonding the back metal to the friction material
上記裏金は、摩擦部材の機械的強度の向上のために、通常、摩擦部材として用いるものであり、材質としては、金属又は繊維強化プラスチック等、具体的には、鉄、ステンレス、無機繊維強化プラスチック、炭素繊維強化プラスチック等が挙げられる。プライマー層及び接着層は、通常、ブレーキシュー等の摩擦部材に用いられるものであればよい。 The backing metal is usually used as a friction member to improve the mechanical strength of the friction member, and the material is metal or fiber reinforced plastic, specifically iron, stainless steel, inorganic fiber reinforced plastic. And carbon fiber reinforced plastics. The primer layer and the adhesive layer may be those used for friction members such as brake shoes.
本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、高速フェード特性等に優れるため、自動車等のディスクブレーキパッドやブレーキライニング等の上張り材として特に有用であるが、摩擦部材の下張り材として成形して用いることもできる。なお、「上張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材であり、「下張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材と裏金との間に介在する、摩擦材と裏金との接着部付近のせん断強度、耐クラック性向上等を目的とした層のことである。 The friction material composition of this embodiment is particularly useful as an upper material for disc brake pads and brake linings for automobiles and the like because it is excellent in high-speed fading characteristics, etc., but is used as a lower material for friction members. You can also. The “upper material” is a friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member, and the “underlay material” is a friction material that is interposed between the friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member and the back metal. It is a layer for the purpose of improving the shear strength, crack resistance, etc. in the vicinity of the bonded portion with the back metal.
以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材について、実施例及び比較例を用いて更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は何らこれらに制限されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although the friction material composition, the friction material, and the friction member of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, the present invention is not limited thereto.
［実施例１〜１５及び比較例１〜９］
（ディスクブレーキパッドの作製）
表１および表２に示す配合比率に従って材料を配合し、実施例１〜１５及び比較例１〜９の摩擦材組成物を得た。実施例および比較例にて用いた硫化錫は、Tribotecc GmbH社製「Frenostannid」(ＳｎＳ), Tribotecc GmbH社製「Stannolube」(ＳｎＳ、ＳｎＳ２の混合物)を用いた。硫化ビスマスは、Tribotecc GmbH社製「BIS 83」(Ｂｉ２Ｓ３)を用いた。二硫化モリブデンは、Climax Molybdenum Company社製「スーパーファイン」を用いた。この摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー（株式会社マツボー製、商品名：レーディゲミキサーＭ２０）で混合し、得られた混合物を成形プレス（王子機械工業株式会社製）で予備成形した。得られた予備成形物を成形温度１４０〜１６０℃、成形圧力３０ＭＰａ、成形時間５分間の条件で、成形プレス（三起精工株式会社製）を用いて鉄製の裏金（日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社製）と共に加熱加圧成形した。得られた成形品を２００℃で４．５時間熱処理し、ロータリー研磨機を用いて研磨し、５００℃のスコーチ処理を行って、実施例１〜１５及び比較例１〜９のディスクブレーキパッドを得た。なお、実施例及び比較例では、裏金の厚さ６ｍｍ、摩擦材の厚さ１１ｍｍ、摩擦材投影面積５２ｃｍ２のディスクブレーキパッドを作製した。なお、訪中の配合比率は質量％である。
[Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9]
(Production of disc brake pad)
The materials were blended according to the blending ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 2, and the friction material compositions of Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were obtained. As the tin sulfide used in Examples and Comparative Examples, “Frenostannid” (SnS) manufactured by Tribotecc GmbH and “Stannolube” manufactured by Tribotecc GmbH (mixture of SnS and SnS 2 ) were used. As the bismuth sulfide, “BIS 83” (Bi 2 S 3 ) manufactured by Tribotecc GmbH was used. As the molybdenum disulfide, “Superfine” manufactured by Climax Molybdenum Company was used. This friction material composition was mixed with a Laedige mixer (manufactured by Matsubo Co., Ltd., trade name: Ladige mixer M20), and the resulting mixture was preformed with a molding press (manufactured by Oji Machinery Co., Ltd.). The preform is obtained by using a molding press (manufactured by Sanki Seiko Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a molding temperature of 140 to 160 ° C., a molding pressure of 30 MPa, and a molding time of 5 minutes. Together with heating and pressing. The obtained molded product was heat treated at 200 ° C. for 4.5 hours, polished using a rotary polishing machine, subjected to scorch treatment at 500 ° C., and the disc brake pads of Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 were manufactured. Obtained. In Examples and Comparative Examples, a disc brake pad having a backing metal thickness of 6 mm, a friction material thickness of 11 mm, and a friction material projection area of 52 cm 2 was produced. In addition, the mixture ratio in visiting China is mass%.
（高速フェード特性の評価）
前記の方法で作成した実施例１〜１５及び比較例１〜９のディスクブレーキパッドを、ブレーキダイナモ試験機を用いて高速フェード特性の評価を行った。実験には、一般的なピンスライド式のコレット型キャリパー及び株式会社キリウ製ベンチレーテッドディスクローター（ＦＣ１９０）を用い、日産自動車株式会社製スカイラインＶ３５の慣性モーメントにて評価を行った。
(Evaluation of high-speed fade characteristics)
The disk brake pads of Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9 prepared by the above method were evaluated for high-speed fade characteristics using a brake dynamo testing machine. In the experiment, a general pin-slide type collet caliper and a ventilated disc rotor (FC190) manufactured by Kiriu Corporation were used, and the evaluation was performed with the moment of inertia of the Skyline V35 manufactured by Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
ＪＡＳＯ Ｃ４２７に準拠したすり合わせ（初速度５０ｋｍ／ｈ、終速度０ｋｍ／ｈ、減速度０．３Ｇ、制動前ブレーキ温度１００℃、制動回数２００回）を行ったあと、高速フェード試験（初速度２００ｋｍ／ｈ、終速度８０ｋｍ／ｈ、減速度０．８Ｇ、１回目制動前ブレーキ温度１００℃で６０秒のインターバルで１０回の制動を実施）を行い、高速フェード試験における摩擦係数の最小値（一制動中の摩擦係数の平均値の最小値）を測定した。 After high speed fade test (initial speed 200 km / h) after performing sizing according to JASO C427 (initial speed 50 km / h, final speed 0 km / h, deceleration 0.3 G, brake temperature 100 ° C before braking, number of brakings 200 times) h, final speed 80km / h, deceleration 0.8G, braking temperature 100 ° C before first braking, 10 brakings at 60 second intervals), and the minimum value of friction coefficient in high-speed fade test (one braking) The average value of the average friction coefficient was measured.
(ローター摩耗の評価)
実施例１〜１５及び比較例１〜９の摩擦材組成物で製作したディスクブレーキパッドの摩擦材表面から２５ｍｍ×２５ｍｍ×８ｍｍのテストピースを切り出し、これを１３０ｋｍ・ｈ相当の周速で回転するディスｙクローターに７３．５ｋＰａの圧力で押付、２２時間引き摺らせた後のロータ―摩耗量を測定した。ディスクローターには、株式会社キリウ製ベンチレーテッドディスクローター（ＦＣ１９０）を用いた。
(Evaluation of rotor wear)
A test piece of 25 mm × 25 mm × 8 mm was cut out from the friction material surface of the disc brake pad manufactured with the friction material composition of Examples 1 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 9, and this was rotated at a peripheral speed equivalent to 130 km · h. The amount of wear of the rotor was measured after pressing the disc at a pressure of 73.5 kPa and dragging it for 22 hours. As the disk rotor, a ventilated disk rotor (FC190) manufactured by Kiriu Corporation was used.
硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデンから選ばれる金属硫化物の総量が８質量％以上では、銅を含有しない組成においても、銅を含有する比較例２と同等以上の高速フェード特性を示し、銅を含有せず、かつ金属硫化物の総量が８質量％以下の比較例１および３〜５に対し良好な高速フェード特性を示した。一方、金属硫化物の総量が３０質量％を超える比較例６〜９はローター摩耗量が非常に多い。以上より、金属硫化物の総量が８〜３０質量％である実施例１〜１５が銅を含有しなくても高速フェード特性とローター摩耗に優れた摩擦材組成物であることは明らかである。 When the total amount of metal sulfides selected from tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, and molybdenum disulfide is 8% by mass or more, even in a composition that does not contain copper, high-speed fade characteristics equivalent to or higher than that of Comparative Example 2 containing copper are exhibited. The high-speed fade characteristics were good with respect to Comparative Examples 1 and 3 to 5 that contained no metal sulfide and had a total metal sulfide content of 8% by mass or less. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 6 to 9 in which the total amount of metal sulfide exceeds 30% by mass has a very large amount of rotor wear. From the above, it is clear that Examples 1 to 15 in which the total amount of metal sulfide is 8 to 30% by mass are friction material compositions excellent in high-speed fade characteristics and rotor wear even when copper is not contained.
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、従来品と比較して、環境負荷の高い銅を含有せずに、高速フェード条件での摩擦係数が高いため、該摩擦材組成物は乗用車用ブレーキパッド等の摩擦材及び摩擦部材に好適である。 Since the friction material composition of the present invention does not contain copper having a high environmental load compared to conventional products and has a high coefficient of friction under high-speed fade conditions, the friction material composition can be used for brake pads for passenger cars, etc. Suitable for friction material and friction member.
Claims (6)
該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下であり、
硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデンから選ばれる１種若しくは２種以上の金属硫化物を８〜３０質量％含有することを特徴とする摩擦材組成物 A friction material composition comprising a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler and a fiber substrate,
The friction material composition does not contain copper as an element, or the copper content is 0.5% by mass or less,
A friction material composition comprising 8 to 30% by mass of one or more metal sulfides selected from tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, and molybdenum disulfide
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017090633A1 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| WO2019063034A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | Ford-Werke Gmbh | Disc brake |
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| JP2005008865A (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2005-01-13 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Friction material |
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| JP2012255053A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-27 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | Non-asbestos friction material composition |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017090633A1 (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 曙ブレーキ工業株式会社 | Friction material |
| US10584757B2 (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2020-03-10 | Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd. | Friction material |
| WO2019063034A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-04 | Ford-Werke Gmbh | Disc brake |
| CN111133216A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-05-08 | 法格霭德兰公司 | Disc brake |
| KR20200054302A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-05-19 | 포오드-베르케 게엠베하 | Disc brake |
| KR102591980B1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2023-10-19 | 파고르 에더란 에스.쿱. | disc brake |
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| JP6490941B2 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
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