JP6553355B2 - Friction material composition, friction material using friction material composition and friction member - Google Patents
Friction material composition, friction material using friction material composition and friction member Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 60
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OBTSLRFPKIKXSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium potassium Chemical compound [Li].[K] OBTSLRFPKIKXSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium potassium Chemical compound [Mg].[K] SWHAQEYMVUEVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940007424 antimony trisulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O NNLOHLDVJGPUFR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005556 chlorobutyl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000584 environmental toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metatitanate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Ti](=O)O[Ti](=O)O[Ti]([O-])=O GROMGGTZECPEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFNRRBXCCXDRPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) sulfide Chemical compound [Sn]=S AFNRRBXCCXDRPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明は、自動車等の制動に用いられるディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に適した摩擦材組成物および摩擦材組成物を用いた摩擦材に関する。 The present invention relates to a friction material composition suitable for a friction material such as a disk brake pad used for braking of an automobile etc., and a friction material using the friction material composition.
自動車等には、その制動のためにディスクブレーキパッド、ブレーキライニング等の摩擦材が使用されている。摩擦材は、ディスクローター、ブレーキドラム等の対面材と摩擦することにより、制動の役割を果たしている。そのため、摩擦材には、良好な摩擦係数、耐摩耗性（摩擦材の寿命が長いこと）、強度、音振性（ブレーキ鳴きや異音が発生しにくいこと）等が要求される。摩擦係数は車速、減速度やブレーキ温度によらず安定であることが要求される。 In automobiles and the like, friction materials such as disc brake pads and brake linings are used for braking. The friction material plays a role of braking by friction with a facing material such as a disk rotor and a brake drum. Therefore, the friction material is required to have a good coefficient of friction, wear resistance (a long life of the friction material), strength, noise and vibration (a brake squeal or noise is hard to occur), and the like. The coefficient of friction is required to be stable regardless of the vehicle speed, deceleration and brake temperature.
また近年では、摩擦材中に使用される銅が、ブレーキの摩耗粉として飛散し、河川、湖や海洋汚染等の原因となっており、使用を制限する動きが高まっている。銅は繊維や粉末の形態で摩擦材に配合され、熱伝導率の付与や耐摩耗性改善に有効な成分である。摩擦材の熱伝導率が低下すると、そのため、銅を含有しない組成においては、熱伝導率が低下すると、高温での制動時に摩擦界面の熱が拡散せずに、摩擦材の摩耗量の増大や不均一な温度上昇が原因のブレーキ振動の発生などが増加するといった問題があった。 Also, in recent years, copper used in friction materials is scattered as wear powder of brakes, causing rivers, lakes and marine pollution, etc., and movement to limit its use is increasing. Copper is blended with the friction material in the form of fiber or powder, and is an effective component for imparting thermal conductivity and improving wear resistance. When the thermal conductivity of the friction material is lowered, therefore, in the composition not containing copper, when the thermal conductivity is lowered, the heat of the friction interface is not diffused at the time of braking at a high temperature, and the wear amount of the friction material increases or There has been a problem that the occurrence of brake vibration and the like due to uneven temperature rise is increased.
この問題に対応して、銅を含有しない摩擦材組成における熱伝導率や耐摩耗性を改善するために、熱伝導の高い黒鉛や酸化マグネシウムを添加する手法が提案されているが（特許文献１）。 In order to improve the thermal conductivity and the wear resistance of the friction material composition not containing copper in response to this problem, a method of adding graphite or magnesium oxide having high thermal conductivity has been proposed (Patent Document 1) ).
特許文献１の摩擦材組成物は、銅を含有しないものであるが、不均一な温度上昇が原因のブレーキ振動の抑制には効果が不十分であるといった問題を有する。また、低温における摩耗が大きいという問題も有する。 The friction material composition of Patent Document 1 does not contain copper, but has a problem that the effect is insufficient for suppressing brake vibration due to uneven temperature rise. There is also a problem that the wear at low temperatures is large.
本発明は、上記事情を鑑みなされたもので、環境有害性の高い銅を含有しない、もしくは銅を含有する場合であっても０．５質量％以下の少量である摩擦材組成物において、高温制動におけるブレーキ振動が少なく、かつ低温摩耗の少ない摩擦材組成物およびそれを成形していられる摩擦材を提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a friction material composition which does not contain copper having high environmental toxicity or which contains a small amount of 0.5 mass% or less even if it contains copper It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction material composition which has less brake vibration in braking and has a low temperature wear and a friction material formed by molding the same.
本発明者らは、摩擦材組成物中に、繊維長の短いスチール繊維を特定量含有させることで、環境有害性の高い銅を含有しない組成において、高温制動におけるブレーキ振動を効果的に低減することが可能であることを見出した。すなわち、繊維長の短いスチール繊維は、摩擦界面で摩擦熱を拡散し、不均一な温度上昇を抑制するだけでなく、摩擦界面で生成する有機分解物を適度にクリーニングする結果、制動中に発生するブレーキトルクの変動が小さくなり、ブレーキ振動が発生しにくくなること、また、短いスチール繊維に加えて層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有させることにより、劈開したチタン酸塩による潤滑性と短いスチール繊維による補強効果が摩擦界面で効果的に作用し、ブレーキ振動が更に低減するだけでなく低温での耐摩耗性が向上すること、およびこれら効果は、銅を含有しない組成において顕著に発現することを見出した。 The present inventors effectively reduce the brake vibration at high temperature braking in a composition that does not contain copper, which is highly environmentally harmful, by including a specific amount of steel fibers with a short fiber length in the friction material composition. I found that it was possible. That is, steel fibers having a short fiber length diffuse friction heat at the friction interface and not only suppress uneven temperature rise, but also generate appropriate decomposition of organic decomposition products generated at the friction interface, resulting in generation during braking. Fluctuation of the braking torque becomes small, and it becomes difficult to generate braking vibration, and by containing titanate of layered crystal structure in addition to short steel fiber, lubricity by cleaved titanate and short steel The reinforcing effect by the fiber works effectively at the friction interface, and not only the brake vibration is further reduced but also the wear resistance at low temperature is improved, and these effects are significantly manifested in the composition not containing copper I found.
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、これらの知見に基づくものであり、具体的に、結合剤、有機充填材、無機充填材および繊維基材を含む摩擦材組成物であって、該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下であり、繊維長が２５００μｍ以下のスチール繊維を２〜５質量％含有し、層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有することを特徴とする。 The friction material composition of the present invention is based on these findings. Specifically, the friction material composition includes a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler, and a fiber base material. A titanate having a layered crystal structure that does not contain copper as an element in the product, or contains 2 to 5% by mass of steel fiber having a copper content of 0.5% by mass or less and a fiber length of 2500 μm or less. It is characterized by containing.
本発明の摩擦材組成物においては、前記スチール繊維の繊維形状がカール状であることが好ましく、前記スチール繊維の平均繊維径が１００μｍ以下であることが好ましい。
また、前記層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩が、チタン酸リチウムカリウムおよびチタン酸マグネシウムカリウムのうちの少なくとも１種とすることが好ましく、前記層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩の含有量が５〜３０質量％であることが好ましい。
In the friction material composition of the present invention, the fiber shape of the steel fiber is preferably curled, and the average fiber diameter of the steel fiber is preferably 100 μm or less.
Preferably, the layered crystal structure titanate is at least one of lithium potassium titanate and magnesium potassium titanate, and the content of the layered crystal structure titanate is 5 to 30% by mass. Is preferred.
本発明の摩擦材は、上記の摩擦材組成物を成形してなることを特徴とするものであり、本発明の摩擦部材は、上記の摩擦材組成物を成形してなる摩擦材と裏金を用いて形成されることを特徴とするものである。 The friction material of the present invention is characterized by molding the above-mentioned friction material composition, and the friction member of the present invention comprises the friction material and the back metal formed by molding the above-mentioned friction material composition. It is characterized by being formed using.
本発明によれば、自動車用ディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に用いた際に、環境負荷の高い銅を用いることなく、高温制動におけるブレーキ振動が少なく、低温での耐摩耗性が良好な摩擦材組成物、摩擦材および摩擦部材を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, when used for a friction material such as an automotive disc brake pad, the friction material has low brake vibration during high temperature braking and good wear resistance at low temperature without using copper with high environmental load. A composition, a friction material and a friction member can be provided.
以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、これを用いた摩擦材および摩擦部材について詳述する。なお、本発明の摩擦材組成物は、アスベストを含まない、いわゆるノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物である。 Hereinafter, the friction material composition of the present invention, the friction material and the friction member using the same will be described in detail. The friction material composition of the present invention is a so-called non-asbestos friction material composition which does not contain asbestos.
［摩擦材組成物］
本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、銅を含有しない、もしくは銅を含有する場合であっても０．５質量％以下の少量であることを特徴とする摩擦材組成物である。
[Friction material composition]
The friction material composition of this embodiment is a friction material composition characterized by containing no copper or a small amount of 0.5% by mass or less even when copper is contained.
（スチール繊維）
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、繊維長が２５００μｍ以下のスチール繊維を２〜５質量％で含有する。スチール繊維は、びびり振動切削法などで得られるストレート繊維と、長繊維のカットなどで得られるカール状繊維がある。ストレート繊維が直線状の繊維形状なのに対し、カール状繊維は曲線部を有する形状を示すものであり、単純な円弧状のものや、うねったもの、螺旋状あるいは渦巻き状に曲がったもの等を含む。繊維長が２５００μｍ以下のスチール繊維は、ストレート繊維やカール状繊維のいずれのものであっても、摩擦界面で摩擦熱を拡散し、不均一な温度上昇を抑制するだけでなく、摩擦界面で生成する有機分解物を適度にクリーニングする効果を有するため、制動中に発生するブレーキトルクの変動が小さくなり、ブレーキ振動を発生しにくくして抑制することができる。ただし、カール状繊維のほうが摩擦界面において摩擦材からの脱落が少なく、高温制動における摩擦特性保持がより効果的に行えるので好ましい。さらに、カール状繊維としては、曲率半径が１００μｍ以下の部分を含むものであると、摩擦材への固着がより強固となり、摩擦界面における摩擦材の脱落がより少なくなるので、より好ましい。カール状のスチール繊維は、例えば、日本スチールウール株式会社製カットウールなど、市販されているものを使用することができる。
(Steel fiber)
The friction material composition of the present invention contains 2 to 5% by mass of steel fibers having a fiber length of 2500 μm or less. Steel fibers include straight fibers obtained by chatter vibration cutting method and curled fibers obtained by cutting long fibers. A straight fiber has a straight fiber shape, whereas a curled fiber has a shape having a curved portion, and includes a simple arc shape, a wavy shape, a spiral shape or a spiral shape. . Steel fibers with a fiber length of 2500 μm or less, whether straight fibers or curled fibers, not only diffuse frictional heat at the friction interface and suppress uneven temperature rise, but also generate at the friction interface. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the fluctuation of the brake torque generated during braking and to suppress the occurrence of brake vibration. However, curled fibers are preferable because they are less likely to come off from the friction material at the friction interface, and the friction characteristics can be more effectively maintained during high temperature braking. Further, it is more preferable that the curled fiber includes a portion having a radius of curvature of 100 μm or less because the adhesion to the friction material becomes stronger, and the friction material is less dropped at the friction interface. As the curled steel fiber, for example, commercially available ones such as cut wool manufactured by Nippon Steel Wool Co., Ltd. can be used.
摩擦材組成物中のスチール繊維の平均繊維径は、高温でのブレーキ振動の観点で、１００μｍ以下であることが好ましい。スチール繊維の繊維長および平均繊維径は、マイクロスコープなどで確認することができる。摩擦材に含まれるスチール繊維の繊維長および平均繊維径は、摩擦材を空気気流中８００℃で加熱し、残った灰分の中から鉄繊維を電子線マイクロアナライザ（ＥＰＭＡ）等によりＦｅ成分を観察することにより確認することができる。また、灰分より磁選することによりより分けてマイクロスープや電子線マイクロアナライザ（ＥＰＭＡ）等により観察してもよい。 The average fiber diameter of the steel fibers in the friction material composition is preferably 100 μm or less from the viewpoint of brake vibration at high temperature. The fiber length and average fiber diameter of steel fibers can be confirmed with a microscope or the like. The fiber length and average fiber diameter of the steel fibers contained in the friction material are as follows: The friction material is heated at 800 ° C. in an air stream, and iron components are observed from among the remaining ash by an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) or the like. This can be confirmed. Further, it may be separated by magnetic separation from ash and observed with a micro soup, an electron beam micro analyzer (EPMA) or the like.
また、スチール繊維の含有量を２〜５質量％とすることでブレーキ振動を効果的に抑制することができる。スチール繊維の含有量が２質量％を下回ると摩擦界面での摩擦熱の拡散が不十分となり、５質量％を超えるとスチール繊維と対面材となる鋳鉄との間の凝着摩擦が大きくなり、ブレーキ振動が大きくなる。摩擦材組成物中もしくは摩擦材中のスチール繊維の含有量は、例えば、電子線マイクロアナライザ（ＥＰＭＡ）等により摩擦材の任意の断面についてＦｅ成分の定量分析することにより求めることができる。この場合において、摩擦材がスチール繊維以外にＦｅ成分を含有しない場合、定量分析値がそのままスチール繊維の含有量である。また、摩擦材がスチール繊維以外のＦｅ成分（鉄粉等）を含有する場合、観察を行う任意の断面の視野におけるスチール繊維とそれ以外のＦｅ成分の合計のＦｅ量が定量分析値として測定されるが、この場合、当該観察視野におけるスチール繊維とスチール繊維以外のＦｅ成分の面積比を測定するとともに、スチール繊維とスチール繊維以外のＦｅ成分の合計の面積比に対するスチール繊維の面積比の割合と、定量分析された合計のＦｅ量の積を求めることにより簡易的にスチール繊維の含有量を求めることができる。 Moreover, brake vibration can be effectively suppressed by setting content of steel fiber to 2-5 mass%. When the content of steel fiber is less than 2% by mass, the diffusion of frictional heat at the friction interface is insufficient, and when it exceeds 5% by mass, adhesion friction between the steel fiber and the facing cast iron becomes large. Brake vibration increases. The content of steel fibers in the friction material composition or in the friction material can be determined, for example, by quantitative analysis of the Fe component of any cross section of the friction material using an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) or the like. In this case, when the friction material contains no Fe component other than steel fiber, the quantitative analysis value is the content of steel fiber as it is. Also, when the friction material contains an Fe component (iron powder etc.) other than steel fiber, the Fe content of the total of the steel fiber and the other Fe component in the field of view of any cross section to be observed is measured as a quantitative analysis value In this case, the area ratio of steel fibers to Fe components other than steel fibers in the observation view is measured, and the ratio of the area ratio of steel fibers to the area ratio of the total of steel fibers and Fe components other than steel fibers The steel fiber content can be determined simply by determining the product of the total Fe amount quantitatively analyzed.
（層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩）
本発明においては、銅を含有しない組成における高温制動におけるブレーキ振動低減と低温での耐摩耗性の改善のために、上記のスチール繊維に加え、層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有する。前記チタン酸塩としては、繊維状、鱗片状、柱状、板状のものを使用することができるが、人体有害性の観点で鱗片状、柱状、板状のものが好ましい。層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩としては、チタン酸リチウムカリウムおよびチタン酸マグネシウムカリウムのうちの少なくとも１種を用いることが好ましい。また、層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩の含有量は５〜３０重量％が好ましく、１０〜２０重量％であることが特に好ましい。層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩の含有量が５重量％を下回ると低温での耐摩耗性が悪化し、３０重量％を超えると摩擦係数が低下する。
(Titanate with layered crystal structure)
In the present invention, a titanate having a layered crystal structure is contained in addition to the above-mentioned steel fibers in order to reduce brake vibration during high-temperature braking and improve wear resistance at low temperatures in a composition containing no copper. As the titanate, fiber-like, scale-like, columnar or plate-like ones can be used, but scale-like, columnar or plate-like ones are preferred from the viewpoint of human harm. It is preferable to use at least one of lithium potassium titanate and magnesium potassium titanate as the layered crystal structure titanate. In addition, the content of the layered crystal structure titanate is preferably 5 to 30% by weight, and particularly preferably 10 to 20% by weight. When the content of the titanate having a layered crystal structure is less than 5% by weight, the wear resistance at low temperatures is deteriorated, and when it exceeds 30% by weight, the friction coefficient is lowered.
（結合材）
結合剤は、摩擦材用組成物に含まれる有機充填材、無機充填材および繊維基材などを一体化し、強度を与えるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物に含まれる結合材としては特に制限は無く、通常、摩擦材の結合材として用いられる熱硬化性樹脂を用いることができる。
(Binder)
The binder integrates the organic filler, the inorganic filler, the fiber base and the like contained in the composition for friction material to give strength. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a binder contained in the composition for friction materials of this invention, Usually, the thermosetting resin used as a binder of a friction material can be used.
上記熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂；アクリルエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂およびシリコーンエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂などの各種エラストマー分散フェノール樹脂；アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、カシュー変性フェノール樹脂、エポキシ変性フェノール樹脂およびアルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂などの各種変性フェノール樹脂などが挙げられ、これらを単独でまたは２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。特に、良好な耐熱性、成形性および摩擦係数を与えることから、フェノール樹脂、アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、アルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂を用いることが好ましい。 Examples of the thermosetting resin include phenol resins; various elastomer-dispersed phenol resins such as acrylic elastomer-dispersed phenol resins and silicone elastomer-dispersed phenol resins; acrylic-modified phenol resins, silicone-modified phenol resins, cashew-modified phenol resins, and epoxy-modified phenols. Resins and various modified phenolic resins such as alkylbenzene-modified phenolic resins can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, it is preferable to use a phenol resin, an acrylic-modified phenol resin, a silicone-modified phenol resin, or an alkylbenzene-modified phenol resin because it provides good heat resistance, moldability, and a friction coefficient.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、結合材の含有量は、５〜２０質量％であることが好ましく、５〜１０質量％であることがより好ましい。結合材の含有量を５〜２０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の強度低下をより抑制でき、また、摩擦材の気孔率が減少し、弾性率が高くなることによる鳴きなどの音振性能悪化をより抑制できる。 The content of the binder in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 10% by mass. By setting the content of the binder in the range of 5 to 20% by mass, it is possible to further suppress the decrease in strength of the friction material, and to reduce the porosity of the friction material and to increase the modulus of elasticity. Vibration performance deterioration can be further suppressed.
（有機充填剤）
有機充填材は、摩擦材の音振性能や耐摩耗性などを向上させるための摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材組成物に含まれる有機充填材としては、上記性能を発揮できるものであれば特に制限はなく、通常、有機充填材として用いられる、カシューダストやゴム成分などを用いることができる。
(Organic filler)
The organic filler is included as a friction modifier for improving the sound vibration performance and the wear resistance of the friction material. The organic filler contained in the friction material composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the above performance, and cashew dust, rubber components, etc., which are usually used as an organic filler can be used. .
上記カシューダストは、カシューナッツシェルオイルを硬化させたものを粉砕して得られる、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであればよい。 The cashew dust is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by pulverizing a hardened cashew nut shell oil and is usually used for a friction material.
上記ゴム成分としては、例えば、タイヤゴム、アクリルゴム、イソプレンゴム、ＮＢＲ（ニトリルブタジエンゴム）、ＳＢＲ（スチレンブタジエンゴム）、塩素化ブチルゴム、ブチルゴム、シリコーンゴム、などが挙げられ、これらを単独でまたは２種類以上を組み合わせて使用される。 Examples of the rubber component include tire rubber, acrylic rubber, isoprene rubber, NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and the like. Used in combination of more than one type.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、有機充填材の含有量は、１〜２０質量％であることが好ましく、１〜１０質量％であることがより好ましく、３〜８質量％であることが特に好ましい。有機充填材の含有量を１〜２０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の弾性率が高くなること、鳴きなどの音振性能の悪化を避けることができ、また耐熱性の悪化、熱履歴による強度低下を避けることができる。 The content of the organic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and 3 to 8% by mass. Particularly preferred. By setting the content of the organic filler in the range of 1 to 20% by mass, the elastic modulus of the friction material becomes high, the deterioration of the sound vibration performance such as noise can be avoided, and the heat resistance is deteriorated, and the heat is deteriorated. It is possible to avoid the strength reduction due to the history.
（無機充填材）
無機充填材は、摩擦材の耐熱性の悪化を避けるためや、耐摩耗性を向上させるため、摩擦係数を向上する目的で添加される摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物は、通常、摩擦材に用いられる無機充填剤であれば特に制限はない。
(Inorganic filler)
The inorganic filler is included as a friction modifier that is added for the purpose of improving the friction coefficient in order to avoid deterioration of the heat resistance of the friction material or to improve the wear resistance. The composition for a friction material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an inorganic filler generally used for a friction material.
上記無機充填材としては、例えば、硫化錫、硫化ビスマス、二硫化モリブデン、硫化鉄、三硫化アンチモン、硫化亜鉛、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、硫酸バリウム、コークス、マイカ、バーミキュライト、硫酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、ゼオライト、ムライト、クロマイト、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム、シリカ、ドロマイト、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、粒状または板状のチタン酸塩、珪酸ジルコニウム、γアルミナ、二酸化マンガン、酸化亜鉛、四三酸化鉄、酸化セリウム、ジルコニア、チタン酸ナトリウム、６チタン酸カリウム、８チタン酸カリウム、人造黒鉛、天然黒鉛などを用いることができ、これらを単独でまたは２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。などを用いることができる。 Examples of the inorganic filler include tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, iron sulfide, antimony trisulfide, zinc sulfide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, barium sulfate, coke, mica, vermiculite, calcium sulfate. , Talc, clay, zeolite, mullite, chromite, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, dolomite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, granular or plate-like titanate, zirconium silicate, gamma alumina, manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, four-three Iron oxide, cerium oxide, zirconia, sodium titanate, potassium hexatitanate, potassium octatitanate, artificial graphite, natural graphite, etc. can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. . Etc. can be used.
本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、無機充填材の含有量は、３０〜８０質量％であることが好ましく、４０〜７０質量％であることがより好ましく、５０〜６０質量％であることが特に好ましい。無機充填材の含有量を３０〜８０質量％の範囲とすることで、耐熱性の悪化を避けることができ、摩擦材のその他成分の含有量バランスの点でも好ましい。 The content of the inorganic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably 40 to 70% by mass, and 50 to 60% by mass. Particularly preferred. By making content of an inorganic filler into the range of 30-80 mass%, deterioration of heat resistance can be avoided and it is preferable also at the point of content balance of the other component of a friction material.
（繊維基材）
繊維基材は、摩擦材において補強作用を示すものである。本発明の摩擦材組成物は、通常、繊維基材として用いられる、無機繊維、金属繊維、有機繊維、炭素系繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独でまたは二種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
(Fiber base material)
The fibrous base material exhibits a reinforcing action in the friction material. The friction material composition of the present invention can use inorganic fibers, metal fibers, organic fibers, carbon fibers, etc., which are usually used as fiber base materials, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. be able to.
上記無機繊維としては、セラミック繊維、生分解性セラミック繊維、鉱物繊維、ガラス繊維、シリケート繊維などを用いることができ、１種または２種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これら、無機繊維の中では、ＳｉＯ２、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、ＦｅＯ、Ｎａ２Ｏなどを任意の組み合わせで含有した生分解性鉱物繊維が好ましく、市販品としてはLAPINUS FIBERS B.V製のRoxulシリーズなどが挙げられる。 As said inorganic fiber, a ceramic fiber, a biodegradable ceramic fiber, a mineral fiber, glass fiber, a silicate fiber etc. can be used, It can use 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these inorganic fibers, biodegradable mineral fibers containing SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, FeO, Na 2 O, etc. in any combination are preferable, and commercially available LAPINUS FIBERS BV Examples include the Roxul series.
上記金属繊維としては、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであれば特に制限はなく、例えば、アルミ、鉄、鋳鉄、亜鉛、錫、チタン、ニッケル、マグネシウム、シリコンなどの金属または合金を主成分とする繊維を用いることができる。また、これらの金属若しくは合金は、繊維形状以外に、粉末の形状で含有しても良い。上記有機繊維としては、アラミド繊維、セルロース繊維、アクリル繊維、フェノール樹脂繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独でまたは２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 The metal fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used as a friction material, and is mainly composed of, for example, a metal or alloy such as aluminum, iron, cast iron, zinc, tin, titanium, nickel, magnesium and silicon. Fibers can be used. In addition to the fiber shape, these metals or alloys may be contained in the form of powder. Aramid fibers, cellulose fibers, acrylic fibers, phenolic resin fibers and the like can be used as the organic fibers, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
上記炭素系繊維としては、耐炎化繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維、活性炭繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独でまたは２種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 As the carbon-based fibers, flame-resistant fibers, pitch-based carbon fibers, PAN-based carbon fibers, activated carbon fibers, and the like can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明の摩擦材組成物における、繊維基材の含有量は、摩擦材組成物において５〜４０質量％であることが好ましく、５〜２０質量％であることがより好ましく、５〜１５質量％であることが特に好ましい。繊維基材の含有量を５〜４０質量％の範囲とすることで、摩擦材としての最適な気孔率が得られ、鳴き防止ができ、適正な材料強度が得られ、耐摩耗性を発現し、成形性をよくすることができる。 The content of the fiber substrate in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and 5 to 15% by mass in the friction material composition. It is particularly preferred that By setting the content of the fiber base in the range of 5 to 40% by mass, an optimum porosity as a friction material can be obtained, squeak prevention can be performed, appropriate material strength can be obtained, and abrasion resistance is developed. The formability can be improved.
［摩擦材］
本実施形態の摩擦材は、本発明の摩擦材組成物を一般に使用されている方法で成形して製造することができ、好ましくは加熱加圧成形して製造される。詳細には、例えば、本発明の摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー（「レーディゲ」は登録商標）、加圧ニーダー、アイリッヒミキサー（「アイリッヒ」は登録商標）等の混合機を用いて均一に混合し、この混合物を成形金型にて予備成形し、得られた予備成形物を成形温度１３０〜１６０℃、成形圧力２０〜５０ＭＰａ、成形時間２〜１０分間の条件で成形し、得られた成形物を１５０〜２５０℃で２〜１０時間熱処理することで製造される。また更に、必要に応じて塗装、スコーチ処理、研磨処理を行うことで製造される。
[Friction material]
The friction material of the present embodiment can be manufactured by molding the friction material composition of the present invention by a generally used method, and is preferably manufactured by hot pressing. In detail, for example, the friction material composition of the present invention is uniformly mixed using a mixer such as a Loedige mixer ("Ledige" is a registered trademark), a pressure kneader, an Eirich mixer ("Eylich" is a registered trademark), etc. This mixture is preformed with a molding die, and the obtained preform is molded under conditions of a molding temperature of 130 to 160 ° C., a molding pressure of 20 to 50 MPa, and a molding time of 2 to 10 minutes. The molded product is manufactured by heat treatment at 150 to 250 ° C. for 2 to 10 hours. Furthermore, it is manufactured by performing coating, scorch processing, and polishing processing as needed.
［摩擦部材］
本実施形態の摩擦部材は、上記の本実施形態の摩擦材を摩擦面となる摩擦材として用いてなる。上記摩擦部材としては、例えば、下記の構成が挙げられる。
（１）摩擦材のみの構成。
（２）裏金と、該裏金の上に摩擦面となる本発明の摩擦材組成物からなる摩擦材とを有する構成。
（３）上記（２）の構成において、裏金と摩擦材との間に、裏金の接着効果を高めるための表面改質を目的としたプライマー層、および、裏金と摩擦材との接着を目的とした接着層を更に介在させた構成。
[Friction member]
The friction member of the present embodiment uses the friction material of the present embodiment described above as a friction material to be a friction surface. As the above-mentioned friction member, the following composition is mentioned, for example.
(1) Configuration of friction material only.
(2) A structure having a back metal and a friction material comprising the friction material composition of the present invention which becomes a friction surface on the back metal.
(3) In the configuration of the above (2), between the backing metal and the friction material, a primer layer for the purpose of surface modification to enhance the adhesion effect of the backing metal, and adhesion of the backing metal and the friction material An additional adhesive layer is interposed.
上記裏金は、摩擦部材の機械的強度の向上のために、通常、摩擦部材として用いるものであり、材質としては、金属または繊維強化プラスチック等、具体的には、鉄、ステンレス、無機繊維強化プラスチック、炭素繊維強化プラスチック等が挙げられる。プライマー層および接着層は、通常、ブレーキシュー等の摩擦部材に用いられるものであればよい。 The above-mentioned back metal is usually used as a friction member in order to improve the mechanical strength of the friction member, and the material is metal or fiber reinforced plastic etc. Specifically, iron, stainless steel, inorganic fiber reinforced plastic And carbon fiber reinforced plastics. The primer layer and the adhesive layer may be those generally used for a friction member such as a brake shoe.
本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、高温制動におけるブレーキ振動やロータ摩耗が少ないため、自動車等のディスクブレーキパッドやブレーキライニング等の上張り材として特に有用であるが、摩擦部材の下張り材として成形して用いることもできる。なお、「上張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材であり、「下張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材と裏金との間に介在する、摩擦材と裏金との接着部付近のせん断強度、耐クラック性向上等を目的とした層のことである。 The friction material composition of the present embodiment is particularly useful as an overlying material for disc brake pads, brake linings and the like of automobiles and the like because it has less brake vibration and rotor wear during high temperature braking, It can also be used. Here, the "overlaying material" is a friction material which is the friction surface of the friction member, and the "underlaying material" is a friction material which is interposed between the friction material which is the friction surface of the friction member and the backing metal. It is a layer for the purpose of improving shear strength, crack resistance, etc. in the vicinity of the bonding portion with the back metal.
以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、摩擦材および摩擦部材について、実施例および比較例を用いて更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は何らこれらに制限されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although the friction material composition, the friction material, and the friction member of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, the present invention is not limited thereto.
［実施例１〜７および比較例１〜３］
（ディスクブレーキパッドの作製）
表１に示す配合比率に従って材料を配合し、実施例１〜７および比較例１〜３の摩擦材組成物を得た。表中の配合比率は質量％である。実施例および比較例にて用いたスチール繊維は、ＳＩＮＯＭＡ社製「Ｑ０−１６０」（カール状、繊維長３００〜２５００μｍ，平均繊維径５８μｍ）を用いた。なお、繊維長は、株式会社キーエンス製マイクロスコープで１００本の繊維の繊維長を測長し計測した。平均繊維径は、株式会社キーエンス製マイクロスコープで５０本の繊維の繊維径を計測し、その平均値を平均繊維径とした。実施例および比較例において使用したチタン酸塩は表１のとおりである。
[Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
(Production of disc brake pad)
The materials were compounded according to the compounding ratio shown in Table 1, and friction material compositions of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained. The compounding ratio in the table is% by mass. The steel fibers used in Examples and Comparative Examples were “Q0-160” (curled, fiber length 300-2500 μm, average fiber diameter 58 μm) manufactured by SINOMA. The fiber length was measured by measuring the fiber length of 100 fibers with a microscope manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The average fiber diameter was determined by measuring the fiber diameter of 50 fibers with a microscope manufactured by Keyence Corporation, and taking the average value as the average fiber diameter. The titanates used in the examples and comparative examples are as shown in Table 1.
この摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー（株式会社マツボー製、商品名：レーディゲミキサーＭ２０）で混合し、得られた混合物を成形プレス（王子機械工業株式会社製）で予備成形した。得られた予備成形物を成形温度１４０〜１６０℃、成形圧力３０ＭＰａ、成形時間５分間の条件で、成形プレス（三起精工株式会社製）を用いて鉄製の裏金（日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社製）と共に加熱加圧成形した。得られた成形品を２００℃で４．５時間熱処理し、ロータリー研磨機を用いて研磨し、５００℃のスコーチ処理を行って、実施例１〜７および比較例１〜３のディスクブレーキパッドを得た。なお、実施例および比較例では、裏金の厚さ６ｍｍ、摩擦材の厚さ１１ｍｍ、摩擦材投影面積５２ｃｍ２のディスクブレーキパッドを作製した。 This friction material composition was mixed by a Loedige mixer (made by Matsubo Co., Ltd., trade name: Loedige mixer M20), and the obtained mixture was preformed by a molding press (manufactured by Oji Machine Industry Co., Ltd.). The obtained preform is iron back metal (made by Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd.) using a molding press (made by Sanki Seiko Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of molding temperature 140 to 160 ° C., molding pressure 30 MPa and molding time 5 minutes It heat-pressed with it. The obtained molded product was heat treated at 200 ° C. for 4.5 hours, polished using a rotary polishing machine, and subjected to scorch treatment at 500 ° C., and the disc brake pads of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained. Obtained. In the example and the comparative example, a disc brake pad having a backing metal thickness of 6 mm, a friction material thickness of 11 mm, and a friction material projected area of 52 cm 2 was produced.
（ブレーキ振動）
自動車技術会規格ＪＡＳＯ Ｃ４０６に基づき試験を行い、第２効力試験の車速２４５ｋｍ／ｈ，減速度０．３Ｇにおける一制動中のトルク変動を評価した。トルク変動は下図のように一制動中でトルク変動が最も大きくなる箇所を計測した。
(Brake vibration)
A test was conducted based on the Japan Society of Automotive Engineers Standard JASO C406, and torque fluctuation during one braking was evaluated at a vehicle speed of 245 km / h and a deceleration of 0.3 G in the second efficacy test. The torque fluctuation was measured at the point where the torque fluctuation became the largest during one braking as shown in the figure below.
（低温の耐摩耗性）
耐摩耗性は、自動車技術会規格ＪＡＳＯ Ｃ４２７に基づき測定し、ブレーキ温度１００℃、車速５０ｋｍ／ｈ、減速度０．３Ｇの制動１０００回相当の摩擦材の摩耗量を評価し、低温での耐摩耗性とした。
(Low temperature wear resistance)
Wear resistance is measured based on JASO C 427 according to Automobile Engineering Standard Standard, and the wear amount of the friction material equivalent to 1000 times of braking with a brake temperature of 100 ° C, a vehicle speed of 50km / h and a deceleration of 0.3G is evaluated. Abrasive.
ブレーキ振動および耐摩耗性の評価は、ダイナモメーターを用い、イナーシャ７ｋｇｆ・ｍ・ｓｅｃ２で評価を行った。また、ベンチレーテッドディスクロータ（（株）キリウ製、材質ＦＣ１９０）、一般的なピンスライド式のコレットタイプのキャリパを用いて実施した。 The evaluation of the brake vibration and the wear resistance was performed using a dynamometer with an inertia of 7 kgf · m · sec 2 . Moreover, it was carried out using a ventilated disc rotor (manufactured by Kiriu Co., Ltd., material FC190) and a general pin slide type collet type caliper.
銅を含有せず、特定繊維長のスチール繊維を特定量含有し、かつ層状構造の結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有する実施例１〜７は、銅を含有する比較例３と同等以下のブレーキ振動、低温での耐摩耗性を示した。また、繊維長２５００μｍ以下のスチール繊維を含有しない比較例１に対してブレーキ振動が小さく、層状構造の結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有しない比較例２に対し低温の耐摩耗性が少ないことは明らかである。 Examples 1 to 7 containing no specific copper steel, a specific amount of steel fiber and a titanate having a layered crystal structure are equivalent to or less than the comparative example 3 containing copper. It showed wear resistance at vibration and low temperature. In addition, it is apparent that the brake vibration is small compared to Comparative Example 1 which does not contain steel fibers having a fiber length of 2500 μm or less, and the wear resistance at low temperature is less compared to Comparative Example 2 which does not contain a titanate having a layered crystal structure It is.
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、従来品と比較して、環境負荷の高い銅を含有せずに、高温制動におけるブレーキ振動が少なく、耐摩耗性に優れるため、該摩擦材組成物は乗用車用ブレーキパッド等の摩擦材および摩擦部材に好適である。 Since the friction material composition of the present invention does not contain copper with a high environmental load as compared with the conventional product, it has less brake vibration at high temperature braking and is excellent in wear resistance, the friction material composition is suitable for passenger cars It is suitable as a friction material such as a brake pad and a friction member.
Claims (8)
該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が０．５質量％以下であり、
繊維長が２５００μｍ以下のスチール繊維を２〜５質量％含有し、
層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩を含有し、
前記層状結晶構造のチタン酸塩の含有量が５〜３０質量％である、摩擦材組成物。 A friction material composition comprising a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler and a fibrous substrate, comprising:
The friction material composition does not contain copper as an element, or the content of copper is 0.5% by mass or less,
Containing 2 to 5% by mass of steel fibers with a fiber length of 2500 μm or less,
Contains titanate of layered crystal structure ,
The friction material composition , wherein a content of the layered crystal structure titanate is 5 to 30% by mass .
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| JP2014260992A JP6553355B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | Friction material composition, friction material using friction material composition and friction member |
| KR1020177017227A KR20170087492A (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using said friction material composition |
| PCT/JP2015/081992 WO2016084628A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using said friction material composition |
| CN201580064628.0A CN107001915A (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, the friction material and friction member for having used the friction material composition |
| EP15864246.2A EP3225674A4 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using said friction material composition |
| US15/602,604 US20170284492A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using said friction material composition |
| US15/528,923 US20180216686A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-11-13 | Friction material composition, and friction material and friction member using said friction material composition |
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| JPS5980543A (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-10 | Aisin Chem Co Ltd | Friction material for car |
| JPH068656B2 (en) * | 1986-02-26 | 1994-02-02 | 株式会社井上ジャパックス研究所 | Brake material |
| JPS6455441A (en) * | 1987-08-27 | 1989-03-02 | Nisshin Spinning | Friction material |
| JPH02300531A (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-12-12 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Non-asbestos group friction material |
| JPH05331451A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1993-12-14 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Non-asbestos friction material |
| JPH04353591A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-12-08 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Friction material and its production |
| JP2003113253A (en) * | 2001-07-30 | 2003-04-18 | Nisshinbo Ind Inc | Non-asbestos-based friction material |
| JP3810684B2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2006-08-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Brake friction material |
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| JP5702090B2 (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2015-04-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Friction material |
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