JP6480145B2 - Friction material composition, friction material and friction member - Google Patents

Friction material composition, friction material and friction member Download PDF

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JP6480145B2
JP6480145B2 JP2014210029A JP2014210029A JP6480145B2 JP 6480145 B2 JP6480145 B2 JP 6480145B2 JP 2014210029 A JP2014210029 A JP 2014210029A JP 2014210029 A JP2014210029 A JP 2014210029A JP 6480145 B2 JP6480145 B2 JP 6480145B2
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friction material
friction
material composition
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mica
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JP2016079253A (en
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光朗 海野
光朗 海野
真理 光本
真理 光本
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Japan Brake Industrial Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、自動車等の制動に用いられるディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に適した摩擦材組成物に関し、特にアスベストを含まないノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物に関する。また、該摩擦材組成物を用いた摩擦材及び摩擦部材に関する。   The present invention relates to a friction material composition suitable for a friction material such as a disc brake pad used for braking of an automobile or the like, and more particularly to a non-asbestos friction material composition containing no asbestos. The present invention also relates to a friction material and a friction member using the friction material composition.

自動車等には、その制動のためにディスクブレーキパッド、ブレーキライニング等の摩擦材が使用されている。摩擦材は、ディスクローター、ブレーキドラム等の対面材と摩擦することにより、制動の役割を果たしている。そのため、摩擦材には、良好な摩擦係数、耐摩耗性(摩擦材の寿命が長いこと)、強度、音振性(ブレーキ鳴きや異音が発生しにくいこと)等が要求される。摩擦係数は車速、減速度やブレーキ温度によらず安定であることが要求される。   In automobiles and the like, friction materials such as disc brake pads and brake linings are used for braking. The friction material plays a role of braking by friction with facing materials such as a disk rotor and a brake drum. For this reason, the friction material is required to have a good coefficient of friction, wear resistance (the friction material has a long life), strength, sound vibration (the brake noise and abnormal noise are unlikely to occur), and the like. The friction coefficient is required to be stable regardless of the vehicle speed, deceleration and brake temperature.

摩擦材には、結合材、繊維基材、無機充填材及び有機充填材等を含む摩擦材組成物が用いられ、前記特性を発現させるために、一般的に、各成分を1種又は2種以上を組合せた摩擦材組成物が用いられる。中でも銅は繊維や粉末の形態で摩擦材に配合され、高温での制動条件下での摩擦係数の保持(耐フェード性)や高温での耐摩耗性改善に有効な成分である。しかし、銅を含有する摩擦材は、制動時に生成する摩耗粉に銅を含み、河川、湖や海洋汚染等の原因となる可能性が示唆されているため、使用を制限する動きが高まっている。   As the friction material, a friction material composition including a binder, a fiber base material, an inorganic filler, an organic filler, and the like is used. In order to develop the above characteristics, one or two of each component is generally used. A friction material composition combining the above is used. Among these, copper is blended in the friction material in the form of fibers and powders, and is an effective component for maintaining the friction coefficient under high-temperature braking conditions (fading resistance) and improving wear resistance at high temperatures. However, friction materials containing copper contain copper in the abrasion powder generated during braking, and it is suggested that it may cause river, lake, marine pollution, etc. .

このような銅の使用量を制限する動きの中、特許文献1には、銅を含有しない組成における強度、耐摩耗性を改善する手法として、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムと生体溶解性無機繊維とを含有させることを特徴とする摩擦材が提案されている。   Among these movements that limit the amount of copper used, Patent Document 1 discloses that potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes and biosolubility as a technique for improving strength and wear resistance in a composition not containing copper. A friction material characterized by containing inorganic fibers has been proposed.

特開2013−076058号公報JP 2013-076058 A

特許文献1の摩擦材は、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムを含有するものであるが、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムを含有すると、摩擦対面材となる鋳鉄表面への凝着被膜の形成が増え、静摩擦係数が大きくなり、静摩擦係数と動摩擦係数の差から生じるスティックスリップ振動が悪化するという問題が生じる。このスティックスリップ振動が大きくなると、ブレーキリリース時の異音が発生することとなる。   The friction material of Patent Document 1 contains potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes, but if it contains potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes, an adhesion coating on the cast iron surface that becomes a friction facing material As a result, the static friction coefficient increases and the stick-slip vibration resulting from the difference between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient deteriorates. When this stick-slip vibration is increased, an abnormal noise is generated when the brake is released.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑みなされたもので、環境負荷の高い銅を含有しない、または銅の含有量が0.5質量%以下の摩擦材において、高温の耐摩耗性に優れ、異音の少ない摩擦材を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a friction material that does not contain copper with a high environmental load or has a copper content of 0.5% by mass or less, it is excellent in high-temperature wear resistance and has an abnormal sound. It aims at providing few friction materials.

本発明者らは、銅を含有せず、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムを含有する組成において、高温の耐摩耗性と異音の低減を両立する組成を鋭意検討し、平均粒径10〜800μmのマイカを含有させることが効果的であり、特定粒子径のマイカが摩擦界面を適度にクリーニングすることで、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムが原因で発生する静摩擦係数の増大を抑制せしめ、銅を含有しない組成に於いても、高温の耐摩耗性と異音の低減が両立できることを見出した。   In the composition containing potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes without containing copper, the present inventors have intensively studied a composition that achieves both high-temperature wear resistance and reduction of abnormal noise, and has an average particle size of 10 It is effective to contain mica with a particle size of ~ 800μm, and mica with a specific particle size cleans the friction interface appropriately, thereby suppressing an increase in the static friction coefficient caused by potassium titanate having multiple convex shapes. It has been found that, even in a composition that does not contain copper, both high-temperature wear resistance and noise reduction can be achieved.

本発明はこの知見に基づくものであり、本発明の摩擦材組成物は、具体的に、結合剤、有機充填材、無機充填材および繊維基材を含む摩擦材組成物であって、該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が0.5質量%以下であり、複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムと平均粒径10〜800μmのマイカを含有することを特徴とする。   The present invention is based on this finding, and the friction material composition of the present invention is specifically a friction material composition including a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler, and a fiber substrate, The material composition does not contain copper as an element, or the copper content is 0.5 mass% or less, and contains potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes and mica having an average particle size of 10 to 800 μm. It is characterized by that.

本発明の摩擦材組成物においては、前記マイカの含有量が1〜15質量%であることが好ましく、前記マイカの化学成分がマスコバイト(白雲母)、フロゴパイト(金雲母)、バイオタイト(黒雲母)、スゾライトの1種または2種以上であることが好ましい。また、本発明の摩擦材組成物においては、前記複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムの含有量が2〜30質量%であることが好ましい。   In the friction material composition of the present invention, the mica content is preferably 1 to 15% by mass, and the chemical components of the mica are mascobite (muscovite), phlogopite (phlogopite), biotite (black). Mica) and one or more of sozolite are preferable. Moreover, in the friction material composition of this invention, it is preferable that content of the potassium titanate which has the said some convex part shape is 2-30 mass%.

また、本発明の摩擦材は、上記の本発明の摩擦材組成物を成形してなることを特徴とするものであり、本発明の摩擦部材は、上記の本発明の摩擦材組成物を成形してなる摩擦材と裏金とを用いて形成されることを特徴とするものである。   In addition, the friction material of the present invention is formed by molding the friction material composition of the present invention, and the friction member of the present invention is formed of the friction material composition of the present invention. It is formed using a friction material and a back metal.

本発明によれば、自動車用ディスクブレーキパッド等の摩擦材に用いた際に、環境負荷の高い銅を用いなくとも、高温の耐摩耗性に優れ、かつ異音の少ない摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, when used for a friction material such as a disc brake pad for automobiles, the friction material composition having excellent high temperature wear resistance and low noise and friction without using high environmental impact copper. Materials and friction members can be provided.

以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、これを用いた摩擦材及び摩擦部材について詳述する。なお、本発明の摩擦材組成物は、アスベストを含まない、いわゆるノンアスベスト摩擦材組成物である。   Hereinafter, the friction material composition of the present invention, the friction material using the same, and the friction member will be described in detail. The friction material composition of the present invention is a so-called non-asbestos friction material composition that does not contain asbestos.

[摩擦材組成物]
本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、銅を含有しない、もしくは銅を含有する場合において銅の含有量が0.5質量%以下であることを特徴とする摩擦材組成物である。
[Friction material composition]
The friction material composition of this embodiment is a friction material composition characterized by not containing copper or having copper content of 0.5% by mass or less when copper is contained.

(複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウム)
本発明は、複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸塩を含む。本発明の複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムとは、不規則な方向に複数の凸部が延びる形状を有する不定形のチタン酸カリウムのことで、摩擦調整剤として用いることができることが知られている(特許文献1)。例えば、大塚化学株式会社製「テラセスJP」が挙げられる。このような不規則な方向に複数の凸部が延びる形状を有する不定形のチタン酸カリウムは、凸部が摩擦材中でアンカーとなり脱落しにくいこと、凸部が相手材となるディスクに当接するので高温下においてもほどよい摩擦係数が得られることの効果を得ることができる。本発明の摩擦材組成物中における複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムの含有量は、耐摩耗性向上や異音低減の観点で1〜30質量%が好ましく、1〜20質量%であることがより好ましい。
(Potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes)
The present invention includes a titanate having a plurality of convex shapes. It is known that the potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes of the present invention is an amorphous potassium titanate having a shape in which a plurality of convex portions extend in an irregular direction, and can be used as a friction modifier. (Patent Document 1). An example is “Terrases JP” manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. Irregular potassium titanate having a shape in which a plurality of convex portions extend in such an irregular direction is difficult for the convex portions to become anchors in the friction material and to come off, and the convex portions abut against the disk that is the counterpart material. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an effect that a moderate friction coefficient can be obtained even at a high temperature. The content of potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and 1 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance and reducing abnormal noise. Is more preferable.

(マイカ)
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、上記の複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムとともに、平均粒子径10〜800μmのマイカを含む。この平均粒径のマイカは、不定形のチタン酸カリウムの添加により増大する摩擦対面材への凝着被膜をクリーニングし、スティックスリップ現象を低減する効果を有するため、上記の不規則な方向に複数の凸部が延びる形状を有する不定形のチタン酸カリウムと組み合わせて用いる。
(Mica)
The friction material composition of the present invention contains mica having an average particle diameter of 10 to 800 μm, together with the potassium titanate having the plurality of convex shapes. This average particle size mica has the effect of cleaning the adhesion film on the friction facing material which is increased by the addition of amorphous potassium titanate and reducing the stick-slip phenomenon. It is used in combination with an amorphous potassium titanate having a shape in which the convex portion of each is extended.

マイカは天産で得られる天然マイカと人工的に合成される合成マイカがあり、両者を用いることができるが、摩擦対面材の摩耗の観点で天然マイカのほうが好ましい。天然マイカは含有成分の違いにより、マスコバイト(白雲母)、フロゴパイト(金雲母)、バイオタイト(黒雲母)、スゾライトがあり、いずれの種類も1種または2種以上の組合せで用いることができるが、耐熱性の観点でスゾライトが好ましい。各天然マイカの化学成分は下記に示される通りである。   Mica includes natural mica obtained in nature and synthetic mica that is artificially synthesized. Both can be used, but natural mica is preferred from the viewpoint of wear of the friction facing material. Natural mica has mascobite (muscovite), phlogopite (phlogopite), biotite (biotite), and suzolite depending on the content of the components. Any type can be used alone or in combination of two or more. However, suzolite is preferable from the viewpoint of heat resistance. The chemical components of each natural mica are as shown below.

平均粒子径は、レーザー回折型粒度分布計を用いて確認することができる。マイカの平均粒子径は、10μmに満たないものは、チタン酸カリウムによる鋳鉄表面に形成される凝着被膜を除去する効果が乏しくなるが、その一方で、800μmを超えると、摩擦材中のマイカの分散が局所的となり、摩擦材全体に上記のクリーニング効果を及ぼすことが難しくなる。このため、マイカの平均粒子径は10〜800μmとする。50〜800μmがより好ましい。   The average particle diameter can be confirmed using a laser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer. When the average particle diameter of mica is less than 10 μm, the effect of removing the adhesion film formed on the cast iron surface by potassium titanate becomes poor. On the other hand, when the average particle diameter exceeds 800 μm, the mica in the friction material Dispersion becomes local, and it becomes difficult to exert the cleaning effect on the entire friction material. For this reason, the average particle diameter of mica shall be 10-800 micrometers. 50-800 micrometers is more preferable.

前記マイカの含有量は、異音および高温の耐摩耗性の観点で1〜15質量%が好ましく、低温における耐摩耗性の観点で1〜10質量%がより好ましい。また、イメリス社製「325−KI」など、カップリング剤で表面処理した銘柄も市販されているが、これらを用いることもできる。   The content of the mica is preferably 1 to 15% by mass from the viewpoint of abnormal noise and high-temperature wear resistance, and more preferably 1 to 10% by mass from the viewpoint of wear resistance at low temperatures. In addition, brands surface-treated with a coupling agent such as “325-KI” manufactured by Imeris are also commercially available, but these can also be used.

(結合材)
結合剤は、摩擦材用組成物に含まれる有機充填材、無機充填材及び繊維基材などを一体化し、強度を与えるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物に含まれる結合材としては特に制限は無く、通常、摩擦材の結合材として用いられる熱硬化性樹脂を用いることができる。
(Binder)
The binder integrates an organic filler, an inorganic filler, a fiber base material, and the like included in the friction material composition to give strength. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a binder contained in the composition for friction materials of this invention, Usually, the thermosetting resin used as a binder of a friction material can be used.

上記熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂;アクリルエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂及びシリコーンエラストマー分散フェノール樹脂などの各種エラストマー分散フェノール樹脂;アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、カシュー変性フェノール樹脂、エポキシ変性フェノール樹脂及びアルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂などの各種変性フェノール樹脂などが挙げられ、これらを単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。特に、良好な耐熱性、成形性及び摩擦係数を与えることから、フェノール樹脂、アクリル変性フェノール樹脂、シリコーン変性フェノール樹脂、アルキルベンゼン変性フェノール樹脂を用いることが好ましい。   Examples of the thermosetting resins include phenol resins; various elastomer-dispersed phenol resins such as acrylic elastomer-dispersed phenol resins and silicone elastomer-dispersed phenol resins; acrylic-modified phenol resins, silicone-modified phenol resins, cashew-modified phenol resins, and epoxy-modified phenols. Various modified phenol resins such as resins and alkylbenzene-modified phenol resins can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, it is preferable to use a phenol resin, an acrylic-modified phenol resin, a silicone-modified phenol resin, or an alkylbenzene-modified phenol resin because good heat resistance, moldability, and friction coefficient are given.

本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、結合材の含有量は、5〜20質量%であることが好ましく、5〜10質量%であることがより好ましい。結合材の含有量を5〜20質量%の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の強度低下をより抑制でき、また、摩擦材の気孔率が減少し、弾性率が高くなることによる鳴きなどの音振性能悪化をより抑制できる。   The content of the binder in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 10% by mass. By setting the content of the binder in the range of 5 to 20% by mass, it is possible to further suppress the strength reduction of the friction material, and to reduce the porosity of the friction material and to make noise such as squeal due to the increase in the elastic modulus. Vibration performance deterioration can be further suppressed.

(有機充填剤)
有機充填材は、摩擦材の音振性能や耐摩耗性などを向上させるための摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材組成物に含まれる有機充填材としては、上記性能を発揮できるものであれば特に制限はなく、通常、有機充填材として用いられる、カシューダストやゴム成分などを用いることができる。
(Organic filler)
The organic filler is included as a friction modifier for improving the sound vibration performance and wear resistance of the friction material. The organic filler contained in the friction material composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the above performance, and cashew dust, rubber components, etc., which are usually used as an organic filler can be used. .

上記カシューダストは、カシューナッツシェルオイルを硬化させたものを粉砕して得られる、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであればよい。   The cashew dust is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by pulverizing a hardened cashew nut shell oil and is usually used for a friction material.

上記ゴム成分としては、例えば、タイヤゴム、アクリルゴム、イソプレンゴム、NBR(ニトリルブタジエンゴム)、SBR(スチレンブタジエンゴム)、塩素化ブチルゴム、ブチルゴム、シリコーンゴム、などが挙げられ、これらを単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用される。   Examples of the rubber component include tire rubber, acrylic rubber, isoprene rubber, NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), chlorinated butyl rubber, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and the like. Used in combination of more than one type.

本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、有機充填材の含有量は、1〜20質量%であることが好ましく、1〜10質量%であることがより好ましく、3〜8質量%であることが特に好ましい。有機充填材の含有量を1〜20質量%の範囲とすることで、摩擦材の弾性率が高くなること、鳴きなどの音振性能の悪化を避けることができ、また耐熱性の悪化、熱履歴による強度低下を避けることができる。   The content of the organic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 1 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1 to 10% by mass, and 3 to 8% by mass. Particularly preferred. By setting the content of the organic filler in the range of 1 to 20% by mass, the elastic modulus of the friction material is increased, deterioration of sound vibration performance such as squealing can be avoided, heat resistance deterioration, heat It is possible to avoid a decrease in strength due to history.

(無機充填材)
無機充填材は、摩擦材の耐熱性の悪化を避けるためや、耐摩耗性を向上させるため、摩擦係数を向上する目的で添加される摩擦調整剤として含まれるものである。本発明の摩擦材用組成物は、通常、摩擦材に用いられる無機充填剤であれば特に制限はない。
(Inorganic filler)
The inorganic filler is included as a friction modifier that is added for the purpose of improving the friction coefficient in order to avoid deterioration of the heat resistance of the friction material or to improve the wear resistance. If the composition for friction materials of this invention is an inorganic filler normally used for a friction material, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular.

上記無機充填材としては、例えば、硫化錫、二硫化モリブデン、硫化鉄、三硫化アンチモン、硫化ビスマス、硫化亜鉛、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、硫酸バリウム、コークス、黒鉛、マイカ、バーミキュライト、硫酸カルシウム、タルク、クレー、ゼオライト、ムライト、クロマイト、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウム、シリカ、ドロマイト、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、γアルミナ、珪酸ジルコニウム、二酸化マンガン、酸化亜鉛、酸化セリウム、ジルコニア、酸化鉄などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。また、前記複数の凸形状を有するチタン酸カリウムの他に粒状または板状のチタン酸塩を組合わせて用いることができる。粒状または板状のチタン酸塩としては、6チタン酸カリウム、8チタン酸カリウム、チタン酸リチウムカリウム、チタン酸マグネシウムカリウム、チタン酸ナトリウムなどを用いることができる。   Examples of the inorganic filler include tin sulfide, molybdenum disulfide, iron sulfide, antimony trisulfide, bismuth sulfide, zinc sulfide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, barium sulfate, coke, graphite, mica, vermiculite, Calcium sulfate, talc, clay, zeolite, mullite, chromite, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, dolomite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, gamma alumina, zirconium silicate, manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, zirconia, iron oxide, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition to potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes, granular or plate-like titanates can be used in combination. As the granular or plate-like titanate, potassium 6 titanate, 8 potassium titanate, lithium potassium titanate, magnesium potassium titanate, sodium titanate, or the like can be used.

本発明の摩擦材組成物中における、無機充填材の含有量は、30〜80質量%であることが好ましく、40〜70質量%であることがより好ましく、50〜60質量%であることが特に好ましい。無機充填材の含有量を30〜80質量%の範囲とすることで、耐熱性の悪化を避けることができ、摩擦材のその他成分の含有量バランスの点でも好ましい。   The content of the inorganic filler in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 30 to 80% by mass, more preferably 40 to 70% by mass, and 50 to 60% by mass. Particularly preferred. By making content of an inorganic filler into the range of 30-80 mass%, deterioration of heat resistance can be avoided and it is preferable also at the point of content balance of the other component of a friction material.

(繊維基材)
繊維基材は、摩擦材において補強作用を示すものである。
本発明の摩擦材組成物は、通常、繊維基材として用いられる、無機繊維、金属繊維、有機繊維、炭素系繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は二種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
(Fiber base)
The fiber base material exhibits a reinforcing action in the friction material.
In the friction material composition of the present invention, inorganic fibers, metal fibers, organic fibers, carbon fibers, etc., which are usually used as fiber base materials, can be used, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. be able to.

上記無機繊維としては、セラミック繊維、生分解性セラミック繊維、鉱物繊維、ガラス繊維、シリケート繊維などを用いることができ、1種又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これら、無機繊維の中では、SiO、Al、CaO、MgO、FeO、NaOなどを任意の組み合わせで含有した生分解性鉱物繊維が好ましく、市販品としてはLAPINUS FIBERS B.V製のRoxulシリーズなどが挙げられる。 As said inorganic fiber, a ceramic fiber, a biodegradable ceramic fiber, a mineral fiber, glass fiber, a silicate fiber etc. can be used, It can use 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Among these inorganic fibers, biodegradable mineral fibers containing SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, FeO, Na 2 O and the like in any combination are preferable, and commercially available products manufactured by LAPINUS FIBERS BV Examples include the Roxul series.

上記金属繊維としては、通常、摩擦材に用いられるものであれば特に制限はないが、例えば、アルミ、鉄、亜鉛、錫、チタン、ニッケル、マグネシウム、シリコンなどの銅および銅合金以外の金属単体又は合金形態の繊維や、鋳鉄繊維などの金属を主成分とする繊維が挙げられる。   The metal fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for a friction material, but, for example, simple metals other than copper and copper alloys such as aluminum, iron, zinc, tin, titanium, nickel, magnesium, and silicon Or the fiber which has metals, such as an alloy form fiber and cast iron fiber, as a main component is mentioned.

なお、本発明品は、環境有害性の高い銅及び銅合金を実質的に含有せず、元素としての銅の含有量が0.5重量%以下であり、好ましくは含有量0質量%である。   The product of the present invention does not substantially contain copper and copper alloy having high environmental hazards, and the content of copper as an element is 0.5% by weight or less, preferably 0% by mass. .

上記有機繊維としては、アラミド繊維、セルロース繊維、アクリル繊維、フェノール樹脂繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。   As said organic fiber, an aramid fiber, a cellulose fiber, an acrylic fiber, a phenol resin fiber etc. can be used, These can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

上記炭素系繊維としては、耐炎化繊維、ピッチ系炭素繊維、PAN系炭素繊維、活性炭繊維などを用いることができ、これらを単独で又は2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。   As the carbon-based fiber, flame-resistant fiber, pitch-based carbon fiber, PAN-based carbon fiber, activated carbon fiber, or the like can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

本発明の摩擦材組成物における、繊維基材の含有量は、摩擦材組成物において5〜40質量%であることが好ましく、5〜20質量%であることがより好ましく、5〜15質量%であることが特に好ましい。繊維基材の含有量を5〜40質量%の範囲とすることで、摩擦材としての最適な気孔率が得られ、鳴き防止ができ、適正な材料強度が得られ、耐摩耗性を発現し、成形性をよくすることができる。   The content of the fiber substrate in the friction material composition of the present invention is preferably 5 to 40% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass, and 5 to 15% by mass in the friction material composition. It is particularly preferred that By setting the content of the fiber base in the range of 5 to 40% by mass, an optimum porosity as a friction material can be obtained, squeal can be prevented, an appropriate material strength can be obtained, and wear resistance can be exhibited. The moldability can be improved.

[摩擦材]
本実施形態の摩擦材は、本発明の摩擦材組成物を一般に使用されている方法で成形して製造することができ、好ましくは加熱加圧成形して製造される。詳細には、例えば、本発明の摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー(「レーディゲ」は登録商標)、加圧ニーダー、アイリッヒミキサー(「アイリッヒ」は登録商標)等の混合機を用いて均一に混合し、この混合物を成形金型にて予備成形し、得られた予備成形物を成形温度130〜160℃、成形圧力20〜50MPa、成形時間2〜10分間の条件で成形し、得られた成形物を150〜250℃で2〜10時間熱処理することで製造される。また更に、必要に応じて塗装、スコーチ処理、研磨処理を行うことで製造される。
[Friction material]
The friction material of the present embodiment can be manufactured by molding the friction material composition of the present invention by a generally used method, and is preferably manufactured by hot pressing. In detail, for example, the friction material composition of the present invention is uniformly applied using a mixer such as a Laedige mixer (“Laedige” is a registered trademark), a pressure kneader, an Eirich mixer (“Eirich” is a registered trademark), or the like. This mixture is preformed with a molding die, and the obtained preform is molded under conditions of a molding temperature of 130 to 160 ° C., a molding pressure of 20 to 50 MPa, and a molding time of 2 to 10 minutes. The molded product is heat-treated at 150 to 250 ° C. for 2 to 10 hours. Furthermore, it is manufactured by performing coating, scorch treatment, and polishing treatment as necessary.

[摩擦部材]
本実施形態の摩擦部材は、上記の本実施形態の摩擦材を摩擦面となる摩擦材として用いてなる。上記摩擦部材としては、例えば、下記の構成が挙げられる。
(1)摩擦材のみの構成。
(2)裏金と、該裏金の上に摩擦面となる本発明の摩擦材組成物からなる摩擦材とを有する構成。
(3)上記(2)の構成において、裏金と摩擦材との間に、裏金の接着効果を高めるための表面改質を目的としたプライマー層、及び、裏金と摩擦材との接着を目的とした接着層を更に介在させた構成。
[Friction material]
The friction member of the present embodiment uses the friction material of the present embodiment as a friction material that becomes a friction surface. Examples of the friction member include the following configurations.
(1) Configuration of friction material only.
(2) The structure which has a back metal and the friction material which consists of a friction material composition of this invention used as a friction surface on this back metal.
(3) In the configuration of (2) above, between the back metal and the friction material, a primer layer for the purpose of surface modification for enhancing the adhesion effect of the back metal, and for the purpose of bonding the back metal and the friction material A configuration in which the adhesive layer is further interposed.

上記裏金は、摩擦部材の機械的強度の向上のために、通常、摩擦部材として用いるものであり、材質としては、金属又は繊維強化プラスチック等、具体的には、鉄、ステンレス、無機繊維強化プラスチック、炭素繊維強化プラスチック等が挙げられる。プライマー層及び接着層は、通常、ブレーキシュー等の摩擦部材に用いられるものであればよい。   The backing metal is usually used as a friction member to improve the mechanical strength of the friction member, and the material is metal or fiber reinforced plastic, specifically iron, stainless steel, inorganic fiber reinforced plastic. And carbon fiber reinforced plastics. The primer layer and the adhesive layer may be those used for friction members such as brake shoes.

本実施形態の摩擦材組成物は、異音が少なく、耐摩耗性等に優れるため、自動車等のディスクブレーキパッドやブレーキライニング等の上張り材として特に有用であるが、摩擦部材の下張り材として成形して用いることもできる。なお、「上張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材であり、「下張り材」とは、摩擦部材の摩擦面となる摩擦材と裏金との間に介在する、摩擦材と裏金との接着部付近のせん断強度、耐クラック性向上等を目的とした層のことである。   The friction material composition of the present embodiment is particularly useful as an overlay material for disc brake pads and brake linings of automobiles, etc. because it has less noise and is excellent in wear resistance, etc. It can also be used after molding. The “upper material” is a friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member, and the “underlay material” is a friction material that is interposed between the friction material that becomes the friction surface of the friction member and the back metal. It is a layer for the purpose of improving the shear strength, crack resistance, etc. in the vicinity of the bonded portion with the back metal.

以下、本発明の摩擦材組成物、摩擦材及び摩擦部材について、実施例及び比較例を用いて更に詳細に説明するが、本発明は何らこれらに制限されるものではない。   Hereinafter, although the friction material composition, the friction material, and the friction member of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[実施例1〜13及び比較例1〜3]
(ディスクブレーキパッドの作製)
表1に示す配合比率に従って材料を配合し、実施例1〜13及び比較例1〜3の摩擦材組成物を得た。表中の配合比率は質量%である。実施例および比較例にて用いた複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムは、大塚化学株式会社製「テラセスJP」を用いた。また、実施例で用いたマイカは、下記を用いた。
[Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
(Production of disc brake pad)
The materials were blended according to the blending ratio shown in Table 1, and the friction material compositions of Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained. The blending ratio in the table is mass%. “Terrases JP” manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd. was used as the potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes used in Examples and Comparative Examples. Moreover, the following was used for the mica used in the examples.

マイカ1:イメリス社製「325HK」(平均粒径20μm,天然マイカ/スゾライト)
マイカ2:イメリス社製「80SF」(平均粒径60μm,天然マイカ/スゾライト)
マイカ3:イメリス社製「200S」(平均粒径80μm,天然マイカ/スゾライト)
マイカ4:イメリス社製「60S」(平均粒径300μm,天然マイカ/スゾライト)
マイカ5:イメリス社製「40S」(平均粒径700μm,天然マイカ/スゾライト)
マイカ6:コープケミカル株式会社製「MK−300」(平均粒径20μm,合成マイカ)
マイカ7:Beijing Houxin Trading Co., Ltd社製「200−D」(平均粒径80μm,天然マイカ/マスコバイト)
マイカ8:Beijing Houxin Trading Co., Ltd社製「60−C」(平均粒径350μm,天然マイカ/マスコバイト)
Mica 1: “325HK” (average particle size 20 μm, natural mica / szolite) manufactured by Imeris
Mica 2: “80SF” manufactured by Imeris (average particle size 60 μm, natural mica / szolite)
Mica 3: “200S” manufactured by Imeris (average particle size 80 μm, natural mica / szolite)
Mica 4: “60S” (average particle size 300 μm, natural mica / szolite) manufactured by Imeris
Mica 5: “40S” (average particle size 700 μm, natural mica / szolite) manufactured by Imeris
Mica 6: “MK-300” manufactured by Coop Chemical Co., Ltd. (average particle size 20 μm, synthetic mica)
Mica 7: “200-D” manufactured by Beijing Houxin Trading Co., Ltd. (average particle size 80 μm, natural mica / mascobyte)
Mica 8: “60-C” manufactured by Beijing Houxin Trading Co., Ltd. (average particle size 350 μm, natural mica / mascobyte)

この摩擦材組成物をレーディゲミキサー(株式会社マツボー製、商品名:レーディゲミキサーM20)で混合し、得られた混合物を成形プレス(王子機械工業株式会社製)で予備成形した。得られた予備成形物を成形温度140〜160℃、成形圧力30MPa、成形時間5分間の条件で、成形プレス(三起精工株式会社製)を用いて鉄製の裏金(日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社製)と共に加熱加圧成形した。得られた成形品を200℃で4.5時間熱処理し、ロータリー研磨機を用いて研磨し、500℃のスコーチ処理を行って、実施例1〜13及び比較例1〜3のディスクブレーキパッドを得た。なお、実施例及び比較例では、裏金の厚さ6mm、摩擦材の厚さ11mm、摩擦材投影面積52cmのディスクブレーキパッドを作製した。 This friction material composition was mixed with a Laedige mixer (manufactured by Matsubo Co., Ltd., trade name: Ladige mixer M20), and the resulting mixture was preformed with a molding press (manufactured by Oji Machinery Co., Ltd.). The preform is obtained by using a molding press (manufactured by Sanki Seiko Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a molding temperature of 140 to 160 ° C., a molding pressure of 30 MPa, and a molding time of 5 minutes. Together with heating and pressing. The obtained molded product was heat treated at 200 ° C. for 4.5 hours, polished using a rotary polishing machine, and subjected to scorch treatment at 500 ° C., and the disc brake pads of Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were obtained. Obtained. In Examples and Comparative Examples, a disc brake pad having a backing metal thickness of 6 mm, a friction material thickness of 11 mm, and a friction material projection area of 52 cm 2 was produced.

Figure 0006480145
Figure 0006480145

(異音の評価)
ブレーキリリース時の異音が顕著に大きくなる、一晩放置後の評価を行った。市内走行1000km後、夜間一晩駐車し、翌朝エンジン始動直後にブレーキリリースし、発生した異音(クリープグローン)の車内音圧を評価した。
(Evaluation of abnormal noise)
An evaluation was made after leaving overnight, where the noise during brake release was significantly increased. After traveling 1000km in the city, we parked overnight and released the brakes immediately after the engine started the next morning, and evaluated the sound pressure generated by the creep noise.

(高温での耐摩耗性の評価)
高温での耐摩耗性は、自動車技術会規格JASO C427に基づき測定し、ブレーキ温度500℃、車速50km/h,減速度0.3Gの制動1000回相当の摩擦材の摩耗量を評価し、高温での耐摩耗性とした。
なお、上記耐摩耗性の評価はダイナモメーターを用い、イナーシャ7kgf・m・secで評価を行った。また、ベンチレーテッドディスクロータ((株)キリウ製、材質FC190)、一般的なピンスライド式のコレットタイプのキャリパを用いて実施した。
(Evaluation of wear resistance at high temperature)
Wear resistance at high temperature is measured based on the Japan Society of Automotive Engineers Standard JASO C427, and the amount of wear of a friction material equivalent to 1000 times of braking with a brake temperature of 500 ° C., a vehicle speed of 50 km / h, and a deceleration of 0.3 G is evaluated. Wear resistance at
The wear resistance was evaluated using a dynamometer at an inertia of 7 kgf · m · sec 2 . Further, a ventilated disc rotor (manufactured by Kiriu Co., Ltd., material FC190) and a general pin slide type collet type caliper were used.

実施例1〜13は、銅を含有する比較例1より高温の耐摩耗性が優れ、かつ異音の発生音圧が小さい。また、実施例1〜13は、銅を含有せず、複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウム、平均粒径10〜800μmのマイカも含有しない比較例2に対して高温の耐摩耗性に優れる。また、実施例1〜13は、複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムを含有し、かつ銅や平均粒径10〜800μmのマイカを含有しない比較例3に対して異音の発生音圧が小さいことは明らかである。   Examples 1-13 are excellent in high temperature abrasion resistance than Comparative Example 1 containing copper, and the generated sound pressure of abnormal noise is small. Moreover, Examples 1-13 are excellent in high temperature abrasion resistance with respect to the comparative example 2 which does not contain copper but does not contain potassium titanate which has a some convex part shape, and mica with an average particle diameter of 10-800 micrometers. . Moreover, Examples 1-13 contain the potassium titanate which has a some convex part shape, and the generation | occurrence | production sound pressure of abnormal noise is compared with the comparative example 3 which does not contain copper and mica with an average particle diameter of 10-800 micrometers. Obviously it is small.

本発明の摩擦材組成物は、従来品と比較して、環境負荷の高い銅を用いなくとも、高温の耐摩耗性に優れ、かつ異音の発生が少ないため、該摩擦材組成物は乗用車用ブレーキパッド等の摩擦材及び摩擦部材に好適である。   The friction material composition of the present invention is superior in high-temperature wear resistance and less likely to generate abnormal noise without using copper, which has a higher environmental impact than conventional products. It is suitable for friction materials such as brake pads and friction members.

Claims (6)

結合剤、有機充填材、無機充填材および繊維基材を含む摩擦材組成物であって、
該摩擦材組成物中に元素としての銅を含まない、または銅の含有量が0.5質量%以下であり、
複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムと、
平均粒径60〜800μmのマイカを含有し、
前記マイカがスゾライトである、摩擦材組成物。
A friction material composition comprising a binder, an organic filler, an inorganic filler and a fiber substrate,
The friction material composition does not contain copper as an element, or the copper content is 0.5% by mass or less,
Potassium titanate having a plurality of convex shapes,
Containing mica having an average particle size of 60 ~800μm,
A friction material composition , wherein the mica is suzolite .
前記マイカの含有量が1〜15質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の摩擦材組成物。   The friction material composition according to claim 1, wherein a content of the mica is 1 to 15% by mass. 前記結合材の含有量が、5〜20質量%であり、前記有機充填材の含有量が、1〜20質量%であり、前記無機充填材の含有量が、30〜80質量%であり、前記繊維基材の含有量が、5〜40質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の摩擦材組成物 The content of the binder is 5 to 20% by mass, the content of the organic filler is 1 to 20% by mass, and the content of the inorganic filler is 30 to 80% by mass, The friction material composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the fiber base material is 5 to 40% by mass . 前記複数の凸部形状を有するチタン酸カリウムの含有量が2〜30質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の摩擦材組成物。   The friction material composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the content of the potassium titanate having the plurality of convex shapes is 2 to 30% by mass. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の摩擦材組成物を成形してなる摩擦材。   The friction material formed by shape | molding the friction material composition in any one of Claims 1-4. 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の摩擦材組成物を成形してなる摩擦材と裏金を用いて形成される摩擦部材。   The friction member formed using the friction material formed by shape | molding the friction material composition in any one of Claims 1-4, and a back metal.
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