JP2016056309A - Float external heat type gasification device and float external heat type gasification method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a float external heat type gasification device and float external heat type gasification method in which increment in gasification reaction time and reduction in energy efficiency is prevented to realize high generation efficiency of effective gas component; occurrence of clogging in the device with heat degradation residue is prevented; and frequency of recovery operation for heat degradation residue may be reduced.SOLUTION: There is provide a float external heat type gasification device 1 comprising a gasification reaction part 3 performing gasification of gasification ingredient and an ingredient supplying part 2 supplying gasification ingredient A to the gasification reaction part 3. Also equipped are a residue separation part 4 separating heat degradation residue C which is included in gas B generated in the gasification reaction part 3 and generated in the gasification reaction and a residue recovery part 5 recovering the heat degradation residue C separated by the residue separation part 4 and returns it to upstream side so that heat degradation residue C is re-introduced into the gasification reaction part 3 for re-gasification.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a floating external heat type gasification apparatus that heats and gasifies a gasification raw material, and a floating external heat type gasification method using the same.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a method and an apparatus for generating a clean, high-calorie gas used for fuel of a power generation gas engine having high power generation efficiency by gasifying a gasification raw material made of biomass or the like is known. In addition, as a method for gasifying a gasification raw material such as biomass, for example, a floating external heating gasification method is proposed in which the gasification raw material is thermally decomposed in a water vapor atmosphere without using air or oxygen. (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4). This floating external heat type gasification method is a spouted bed type gasification method, and the gasification reaction proceeds in a water vapor atmosphere as described above. There is a feature that almost no component or char component is generated.

  As an apparatus used when gasifying the gasification raw material by the floating external heat type gasification method, a gasification reaction for gasifying the gasification raw material 200 as in the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 100 shown in FIG. Unit 120 and a raw material supply unit 110 for supplying the gasification raw material 200 to the gasification reaction unit 120. Further, in the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 100 having a conventional configuration, the pyrolysis residue 400 contained in the gas 300 generated in the gasification reaction unit 120 and generated in the gasification reaction is separated from the gas 300. A residue separator 130 is provided.

  When the gasification raw material is gasified by the floating external heat type gasification method using the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 100 as shown in FIG. 3, for example, as the biomass used for the gasification raw material, Use what grind | pulverized wood powder etc. to about 2-3 mm. Moreover, as a combustion raw material used with the external heating furnace 121 with which the gasification reaction part 120 is equipped, the thing which grind | pulverized the wood chip and the paper waste to about 30-50 mm, or the length of 10-20 mm about 10 mm in diameter, for example. Pellets and the like molded into are used. When gasifying a gasification raw material made of biomass by such a method, generally about 60% of the biomass charged into the apparatus is used as the gasification raw material 200, while the remaining 40% is an external heating furnace. 121 is used as a combustion raw material. Thus, by supplying heat to the gasification furnace 122 with the combustion heat of biomass generated in the external heating furnace 121, the gasification reaction is performed at a heating temperature of about 900 ° C. to about 1000 ° C.

The gasification raw material 200 is sent from the raw material supply unit 110 to the gasification reaction unit 120 and undergoes a gasification reaction in a gasification furnace 122 that is brought into a high-temperature steam atmosphere by water vapor supplied from a water vapor generation unit 160 formed of an evaporator. proceed. In this case, the composition of the generated gas when the temperature of the gasification reaction is about 900 ° C. is about H ₂ : CO: CO ₂ = 45: 20: 20. Further, the pyrolysis residue 400 generated in the gasification reaction contained in the generated gas 300 is collected in the residue separation unit 130 mainly made of a cyclone or the like. The gas 300 is washed with a scrubber on the downstream side of the apparatus and then used for, for example, gasification power generation or methanol synthesis.

JP 2009-179804 A International Publication No. 08/050727 JP 2001-240878 A JP 2009-298974 A

  On the other hand, it is known that when a gasification raw material is thermally decomposed in a steam atmosphere, a thermal decomposition residue is usually generated at a rate of about 0.5%. However, for example, when a large amount of biomass is pyrolyzed, the amount of pyrolysis residue increases depending on various conditions such as the gasification temperature and the jet state of high-temperature steam, and the generated amount is about 10% at the maximum. May increase. Thus, when the generation amount of the thermal decomposition residue increases, problems such as the thermal decomposition residue causing clogging of piping in the apparatus and an increase in the number of times of recovery of the thermal decomposition residue occur. As a result, problems such as adversely affecting the reaction time and reaction temperature of the gasification raw material and causing a decrease in energy efficiency have occurred.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. By preventing an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency, a high production efficiency of effective gas components can be obtained, and the thermal decomposition residue in the apparatus can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a floating external heat gasification apparatus and a floating external heat gasification method that can prevent clogging and the like and can reduce the frequency of recovery work of pyrolysis residues.

  First, the first invention in the present invention is a floating external heat type gasification comprising a gasification reaction part for gasifying a gasification raw material and a raw material supply part for supplying the gasification raw material to the gasification reaction part. An apparatus for recovering a pyrolysis residue separated in the residue separation unit and a residue separation unit for separating a pyrolysis residue contained in the gas generated in the gasification reaction unit and generated in the gasification reaction; And a residue recovery unit for reintroducing the pyrolysis residue into the gasification reaction unit for regasification by returning it to the upstream side.

  According to the floating external thermal gasifier having such a configuration, the residue recovery unit that recovers the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit and returns it to the upstream side is provided, and the pyrolysis residue is converted into the gasification reaction unit. Therefore, the hydrogen generation amount can be increased and the generation amount of tar, char, etc. can be reduced. Thereby, even when the input amount of the gasification raw material is reduced, a sufficient hydrogen generation amount can be obtained, and it becomes possible to gasify efficiently. In addition, since the gasification reaction of the returned thermal decomposition residue is performed in two stages as a result, it is possible to secure a sufficient time for the gasification reaction of the thermal decomposition residue and to reduce the size of the apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging and the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue, and to significantly reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency, increase the production efficiency of effective gas components with a small apparatus, and improve workability.

  Further, the second invention in the present invention is the floating external heat type gasification apparatus having the above-described configuration, wherein the residue recovery unit converts the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit into the gasification reaction unit. It is characterized by direct introduction.

According to the floating external heat type gasifier having such a configuration, the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit is directly introduced into the gasification reaction unit. Therefore, tar and char contained in the thermal decomposition residue are easily decomposed into CO and H ₂ . As a result, the amount of tar, char, etc. generated in the gasification reaction can be reduced, so that the energy efficiency can be further improved and the production efficiency of the effective gas component can be significantly increased.

  The third aspect of the present invention is the floating external heat type gasification apparatus having the above configuration, wherein the residue recovery unit returns the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit to the raw material supply unit. It is characterized by doing.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus having such a configuration, the residue recovery unit returns the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit to the raw material supply unit. Compared with the case of direct return, processing of the connecting portion is facilitated, so that the device cost can be reduced.

  The fourth invention of the present invention is a floating external heat type gasification method, wherein any of the above-mentioned floating external heat type gasification devices is used to gasify the gasification raw material and perform the gasification reaction. The pyrolysis residue generated in step 1 is regasified.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification method having such a configuration, since the pyrolysis residue generated in the gasification reaction is regasified using the above floating external heat type gasification apparatus, The generation amount can be increased and the generation amount of tar and char can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue, and to reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue. Therefore, an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency can be prevented, the production efficiency of effective gas components can be increased, and workability can be improved.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus according to the present invention, the pyrolysis residue separated in the residue separation unit is recovered and returned to the upstream side, thereby reintroducing the pyrolysis residue into the gasification reaction unit. Since the residue recovery unit for regasification is provided, the amount of hydrogen generation can be increased and the generation amount of tar, char, etc. can be reduced. Thereby, even when the input amount of the gasification raw material is reduced, a sufficient hydrogen generation amount can be obtained, and it becomes possible to gasify efficiently. Further, since the gasification reaction of the returned pyrolysis residue is performed in two stages, a sufficient time can be secured for the gasification reaction of the pyrolysis residue, and the apparatus can be downsized. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging and the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue, and to significantly reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue.

  Moreover, according to the floating external heat type gasification method according to the present invention, since the pyrolysis residue generated in the gasification reaction is regasified using the above floating external heat type gasification device, The amount of hydrogen generation can be increased, and the generation amount of tar and char can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue, and to reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue.

  Therefore, according to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus and the floating external heat type gasification method according to the present invention, an increase in the gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency can be prevented, and the effective gas component can be reduced with a small apparatus. The production efficiency can be increased and the workability can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a floating external thermal gasification apparatus and a floating external thermal gasification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a pyrolysis residue separated by a residue separation unit is converted into a gasification reaction unit. It is the schematic which shows the structure provided with the residue collection | recovery part introduced directly into. It is a figure which illustrates typically the floating external-heat type gasification apparatus which is other embodiment of this invention, and the floating external-heat type gasification method, and supplies the thermal decomposition residue isolate | separated by the residue separation part to a raw material supply part It is the schematic which shows the structure provided with the residue collection | recovery part returned to. It is the schematic which shows the conventional floating external heating type gasifier.

  Hereinafter, an example of a floating external heat type gasification apparatus and a floating external heat type gasification method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be given, and the configuration thereof will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

  The floating external heat type gasification apparatus and the floating external heat type gasification method using the same described in the present embodiment are the clean and high calorie gas used for the fuel of the power generation gas engine as described above. Is produced by gasifying a gasification raw material made of biomass or the like. The floating external heat gasification method employed in the present embodiment is a method for thermally decomposing a gasification raw material in a water vapor atmosphere without using air or oxygen.

  Although it does not specifically limit as biomass used for the gasification raw material gasified by the floating external-heat type gasification apparatus of this embodiment, and the floating external-heat type gasification method, For example, paper garbage and wood are the same as before. The thing etc. which grind | pulverized powder etc. to about 2-3 mm can be used.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention is explained in full detail, mainly referring FIG.
The floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of this embodiment includes a gasification reaction unit 3 that gasifies a gasification raw material, and a raw material supply unit 2 that supplies the gasification raw material A to the gasification reaction unit 3. Yes. The floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 includes a residue separation unit 4 that is contained in the gas B generated in the gasification reaction unit 3 and separates the thermal decomposition residue C generated in the gasification reaction, and the residue separation unit. 4 is provided with a residue recovery section 5 for reintroducing the pyrolysis residue C into the gasification reaction section 3 by recollecting the pyrolysis residue C separated in 4 and returning it upstream. It is roughly structured.

The floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 described in the present embodiment will be described in detail later, but the residue recovery unit 5 gasifies the pyrolysis residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 into a gasification reaction unit. 3 is configured to be introduced directly.
Further, the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 is provided with a water vapor generation unit 6 for supplying the water vapor M toward the gasification reaction unit 3.

The raw material supply unit 2 supplies the gasification raw material A in a fixed amount per unit time to the gasification reaction unit 3 through the raw material supply pipe 71, and a detailed illustration is omitted. And a screw for conveying the gasified raw material A from the raw material hopper toward the raw material supply pipe 71 and the gasification reaction section 3. The screw is rotated by power such as a motor.
The raw material supply unit 2 is provided with an opening (not shown) so that the raw material hopper can be filled with the gasification raw material A from this opening.

The gasification reaction unit 3 generates gas B by gasifying the gasification raw material A supplied from the raw material supply unit 2 by a gasification reaction. The gasification reaction unit 3 is accommodated in the heating casing 31 and connected to the connecting pipe 34. And gasification furnaces 32a and 32b connected in series via an external heating furnace 33.
As the heating casing 31, for example, a metal casing having heat resistance can be used without any limitation.

  The gasification furnaces 32 a and 32 b perform a gasification reaction in which the gasification raw material A is thermally decomposed in a water vapor atmosphere, and, like the heating casing 31, are configured from a metal container having heat resistance. The gasification furnaces 32a and 32b in the illustrated example are formed in a substantially cylindrical container shape, and a raw material supply pipe 71 is connected to the upper part of the gasification furnace 32a on the first stage side, and the gasification raw material A is supplied. In addition, a steam supply pipe 74 communicating with a steam generating unit 6 described later in detail is connected to the lower part of the gasification furnace 32a, and configured to supply steam M.

  The gasification furnace 32a and the gasification furnace 32b are thermally decomposed by the gasification raw material A and the water vapor M supplied to the gasification furnace 32a on the first stage side by connecting the upper portions of the gasification furnace 32a and the gasification furnace 32b. The gasification reaction) is also performed in the gasification furnace 32b on the rear stage side so that the gas B can be generated. In addition, a discharge pipe 72 for introducing the generated gas B into the residue separation unit 4 is connected to the lower part of the gasification furnace 32b on the rear stage side.

  The external heating furnace 33 is a heating unit that heats the gasification furnaces 32a and 32b by sending heated air through the heating pipe 75 into the heating casing 31, for example. Such an external heating furnace 33 is not particularly limited, and various heating means can be applied. For example, biomass similar to that of the gasification raw material A, that is, crushed wood chips and paper waste In addition, it is preferable from the viewpoint of ecology and the like to configure a combustion furnace that burns pellets and the like molded within a predetermined dimension.

  The gasification reaction part 3 performs the gasification reaction by thermal decomposition by heating the gasification raw material A in a water vapor atmosphere, generates gas B, and sends it to the residue separation part 4 with the above configuration. . At this time, the pyrolysis residue C that has not been completely gasified by pyrolysis is also sent to the residue separator 4 together with the gas B.

  In addition, as a heating temperature at the time of performing the gasification reaction by thermally decomposing the gasification raw material A in the gasification reaction section 3, for example, a range of approximately 900 to 1000 ° C. is preferable from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency and the like. . In the present embodiment, by adjusting the amount of heat generated in the external heating furnace 33, the gasification furnaces 32a and 32b in the heating casing 31 can be controlled to the above temperature.

  As described above, the residue separation unit 4 separates the pyrolysis residue C from the gas B introduced from the gasification reaction unit 3 via the discharge pipe 72, and includes, for example, a separation means such as a cyclone. The The residue separation unit 4 sends the gas B from the gas discharge port 41 side through the delivery pipe 73 to a scrubber (not shown) for cleaning the gas B, and the cleaned gas B is introduced into a gas tank (not shown).・ Reserved. On the other hand, the residue separation unit 4 sends the pyrolysis residue C after separation toward the residue collection unit 5 through the separation pipe 76 from the residue discharge port 42 side.

  The residue separation unit 4 is preferably provided with a dehydrating function for removing excess water from the gas B in addition to the above-described cyclone separation means from the viewpoint of improving the quality of the gas B.

  As described above, the residue recovery unit 5 recovers the thermal decomposition residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 and returns it to the upstream side, thereby reintroducing the thermal decomposition residue C into the gasification reaction unit 3. The residue recovery box 51 is connected to the separation pipe 76 and accommodates the thermal decomposition residue C, and the thermal decomposition residue C stored in the residue recovery box 51 is directed to the gasification reaction unit 3. And a feeder 52 for sending out.

The residue recovery unit 5 of the present embodiment is configured to directly introduce the thermal decomposition residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 into the gasification reaction unit 3 via the reintroduction pipe 53, In the illustrated example, the reintroduction pipe 53 is connected near the lower part of the gasification furnace 32a.
The residue collection unit 5 is derived from the gasification raw material A by reintroducing the gasification reaction unit 3 and regasifying the pyrolysis residue C, which has been disposed of as industrial waste in the past, with the above configuration. This makes it possible to improve the generation efficiency of the effective gas component without wasting the pyrolysis residue C to be produced.

  The water vapor generation unit 6 supplies the water vapor M to the gasification reaction unit 3 via the water vapor supply pipe 74, and may be constituted by means for vaporizing water, such as a conventionally known evaporator. it can. The floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can thermally decompose the gasification raw material A by the floating external heat type gasification method by using the water vapor M generated by the water vapor generation unit 6.

The floating external thermal gasifier 1 of the present embodiment is configured to directly introduce the pyrolysis residue C separated by the residue separator 4 into the gasification reactor 3, so that the pyrolysis residue C has priority. In particular, steam reforming is performed by the high-temperature steam M, and tar and char contained in the thermal decomposition residue C are easily decomposed into CO and H ₂ as shown in the following formulas (1) and (2). . Furthermore, it is considered that by using a catalyst or the like, CO ₂ is also steam-reformed and easily decomposed into H ₂ and CO. As a result, the amount of tar, char, etc. generated in the gasification reaction can be reduced, so that the energy efficiency can be further improved and the production efficiency of the effective gas component can be significantly increased.
Tar content + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂ (1)
Char content + H ₂ O → CO + H ₂ (2)

  Conventionally, the pyrolysis residue collected after the gasification reaction has generally been disposed of as industrial waste. However, since the pyrolysis residue contains 10 to 50% of carbon, further pyrolysis residue can be obtained. It has been confirmed by the present inventors that a product gas can be obtained by performing the above. That is, as in the present embodiment, the pyrolysis residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 is regasified to prevent and prevent an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency. Since the generation ratio of the effective gas component can be increased, for example, even when the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 is configured in a small size, a sufficient amount of gas B can be obtained.

  The floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of the present embodiment can increase the amount of hydrogen generated by the thermal decomposition of the gasification raw material A in the gasification reaction section 3 with the above configuration, and can also generate the amount of tar, char, etc. Therefore, even when the input amount of the gasification raw material A is reduced, a sufficient hydrogen generation amount can be obtained, and the gas B can be generated with high energy efficiency. In addition, since the regasification reaction of the pyrolysis residue C is performed in two stages as a result, sufficient time can be secured for the gasification reaction of the pyrolysis residue, and the apparatus can be downsized. Is obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue C, and the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue C is remarkably reduced, so that the workability can be improved.

  Here, as described above, when the gasification raw material is pyrolyzed under a steam atmosphere, a pyrolysis residue is usually generated at a rate of about 0.5%, and a large amount of biomass is pyrolyzed. In some cases, the generated amount may increase up to about 10% depending on various conditions of the gasification reaction. When the floating external heat type gasification apparatus having the conventional configuration is used, there is a problem that all the pyrolysis residue as much as 0.5 to 10% is discarded and is wasted. According to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the above configuration enables regasification of the pyrolysis residue C, and reduces the pyrolysis residue C that is not used for the generation of the gas B as much as possible. It becomes possible to generate the gas B with energy efficiency.

Next, the floating external heat type gasification method of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The floating external thermal gasification method of the present embodiment uses the above-described floating external thermal gasification apparatus 1 to gasify the gasification raw material A to generate gas B, and to perform thermal decomposition generated in the gasification reaction. This is a method of regasifying the residue C.

  First, in the gasification reaction section 3, the gasification furnaces 32 a and 32 b are heated in the external heating furnace 33 and the steam M is supplied from the steam generation section 6 to the upstream gasification furnace 32 a through the steam supply pipe 74. The gasification furnaces 32a and 32b are made to have a water vapor atmosphere.

  Next, in the raw material supply unit 2, a gasification raw material A such as biomass accommodated in the raw material hopper is supplied to the gasification furnace 32 a through the raw material supply pipe 71 by rotating a screw (not shown). At this time, the gasification raw material A supplied to the gasification furnace 32a is instantaneously pyrolyzed and gasified by a gasification reaction using the water vapor M as a catalyst. And the gas B produced | generated by said gasification reaction is continued heating in the downstream gasification furnace 32b connected via the connection pipe 34, and the residue separation part 4 which consists of cyclones etc. through the discharge pipe 72 is provided. Is sent out. At this time, the gas B is sent to the residue separation unit 4 in a state in which the pyrolysis residue C generated when the gasification raw material A is pyrolyzed is included.

Next, the residue separator 4 separates the pyrolysis residue C from the gas B by the action of a cyclone. Further, the gas B is preferably subjected to dehydration treatment.
According to the above procedure, the pyrolysis residue C is separated, and the dehydrated gas B is in a clean and high calorie state, and is further introduced into the scrubber (not shown) through the delivery pipe 73 so that the sulfur compound. After high-boiling compounds and the like are removed, they are continuously sent out to a gas tank (not shown) and stored, for example, for gasification power generation or methanol synthesis.

On the other hand, the pyrolysis residue C separated from the gas B is introduced into the residue collection unit 5 through the separation pipe 76 and accommodated in the residue collection box 51. Thereafter, the pyrolysis residue C accommodated in the residue collection box 51 is returned to the upstream gasifier 32 a through the reintroduction pipe 53 by the operation of the feeder 52.
Then, the pyrolysis residue C introduced into the gasification furnace 32a is pyrolyzed again and gasified by a gasification reaction in a steam atmosphere in the same procedure as described above, and is sent to the residue separator 4 as gas B. The

  In the floating external thermal gasification method of the present embodiment, since the thermal decomposition residue C generated in the gasification reaction is regasified using the floating external thermal gasification apparatus 1 configured as described above, Similarly, the hydrogen generation amount can be increased, and the generation amount of tar and char can be reduced. Furthermore, according to the method of the present embodiment, clogging or the like can be prevented from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue C, and the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue C can be reduced. Therefore, an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency can be prevented, the production efficiency of effective gas components can be increased, and workability can be improved.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 10 which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is explained in full detail, mainly referring FIG.
In this embodiment, about the structure which is common in the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 1, while giving the same code | symbol, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the floating external heat gasification apparatus 10 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the residue recovery unit 50 returns the pyrolysis residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 to the raw material supply unit 2. In that respect, it is different from the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of the first embodiment described above.

  The residue collection unit 50 is similar to the residue collection unit 5 provided in the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 1 of the first embodiment, and a residue collection box 51 to which a pyrolysis residue C is accommodated by connecting a separation pipe 76. And a feeder 52 for returning the thermal decomposition residue C accommodated in the residue recovery box 51 to the upstream side. The residue recovery unit 50 is configured to return the pyrolysis residue C to the raw material supply unit 2 via the reintroduction pipe 54. Further, in the illustrated example, the reintroduction pipe 55 is provided so as to branch from the path of the reintroduction pipe 54, and the reintroduction pipe 55 is gasified from the raw material supply unit 2 toward the gasification reaction unit 3. It is connected in the path of the raw material supply pipe 71 for supplying the raw material A.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, first, the residue recovery unit 50 is configured to return the pyrolysis residue C to the raw material supply unit 2, and in such a case, the gasification reaction unit Compared with the case where the pyrolysis residue C is directly returned to the gasification furnace 32a of No. 3, the connection portion of the reintroduction pipe is easily processed, so that it is possible to reduce the apparatus cost. .

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2, a reintroduction pipe 55 branched from the reintroduction pipe 54 is connected to the raw material supply pipe 71. As a result, in the case where the thermal decomposition residue C is returned only to the raw material supply unit 2, the thermal decomposition residue C is directly supplied to the gasification reaction unit 3 as in the floating external thermal gasification apparatus 1 of the first embodiment. The same effect as when introduced is obtained. That is, the pyrolysis residue C is preferentially steam reformed by the high-temperature steam M, and the tar and char contained in the pyrolysis residue C are easily decomposed into CO and H _2. Therefore, the energy efficiency can be further improved, and the generation efficiency of the effective gas component can be remarkably increased.

  Next, the floating external thermal gasification method of the present embodiment gasifies the gasification raw material A using the floating external thermal gasification apparatus 10 having the above-described configuration as in the case of the first embodiment. In this method, the gas B is generated and the pyrolysis residue C generated in the gasification reaction is regasified. In the floating external thermal gasification method of this embodiment, the pyrolysis residue C is not directly returned to the gasification reaction unit 3 by the residue recovery unit 50 provided in the floating external thermal gasification device 10. In the point which returns to the raw material supply part 2, it differs from the floating external heat type gasification method of 1st Embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the pyrolysis residue C returned from the residue recovery unit 50 to the raw material supply unit 2 is recycled to the gasification reaction unit 3 together with the gasification raw material A through the raw material supply pipe 71. Introduced and regasified.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification method of the present embodiment, since the pyrolysis residue C is regasified using the floating external heat type gasification apparatus 10, the amount of hydrogen generation can be increased and the tar can be increased as described above. It is possible to reduce the amount of generation of minutes and chars. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue C, and to reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue C. Therefore, an increase in gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency can be prevented, the production efficiency of effective gas components can be increased, and workability can be improved.

[Function and effect]
As described above, according to the floating external thermal gasifiers 1 and 10 of the present embodiment, the thermal decomposition residue C separated by the residue separation unit 4 is recovered and returned to the upstream side, whereby thermal decomposition is performed. Since the residue recovery unit 5 for reintroducing the residue C into the gasification reaction unit 3 for regasification is provided, the amount of hydrogen generation can be increased and the generation amount of tar, char, etc. can be reduced. Can do. Thereby, even when the input amount of the gasification raw material A is reduced, a sufficient hydrogen generation amount can be obtained and gasification can be performed with high energy efficiency. Further, since the gasification reaction of the returned pyrolysis residue C is performed in two stages as a result, it is possible to secure a sufficient time for the gasification reaction for the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the size of the apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue C, and to significantly reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue C.

  Further, according to the floating external thermal gasification method of the present embodiment, the pyrolysis residue C generated in the gasification reaction is regasified using the floating external thermal gasification apparatuses 1 and 10 of the present embodiment. Since it is a method, the amount of hydrogen generation can be increased and the generation amount of tar and char can be reduced as described above. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent clogging or the like from occurring in the apparatus due to the thermal decomposition residue C, and it is possible to reduce the frequency of the recovery operation of the thermal decomposition residue C.

  Therefore, according to the floating external heat type gasification apparatuses 1 and 10 and the floating external heat type gasification method of this embodiment, an increase in the gasification reaction time and a decrease in energy efficiency are prevented, and it is effective in a small apparatus. The production efficiency of the gas component can be increased, and an excellent effect that the workability can be improved is achieved.

  According to the floating external heat type gasification apparatus and the floating external heat type gasification method of the present invention, by adopting the above-described configuration, in particular, a clean and high calorie gas is obtained from a gasification raw material made of biomass or the like. By applying the present invention in the process of gasification and the like, the production efficiency of effective gas components can be increased with a small apparatus, and workability is also improved. Thus, for example, in producing a fuel for a power generation gas engine with high power generation efficiency, a gas for methanol synthesis, and a gas for methane synthesis, the contribution degree is high from the viewpoint of ecology.

1,10 ... floating external heat type gasifier,
2 ... Raw material supply section,
3 ... Gasification reaction part,
31 ... Heating casing 31,
32a, 32b ... gasifier,
33 ... an external heating furnace,
34 ... connecting pipe,
4 ... residue separation part,
41 ... Gas outlet
42. Residue outlet,
5, 50 ... Residue recovery unit,
51. Residue collection box,
52 ... Feeder,
53, 54, 55 ... reintroduction tube,
6 ... water vapor generating part,
71 ... Raw material supply pipe,
72 ... discharge pipe,
73 ... delivery pipe,
74: water vapor supply pipe,
75 ... heating tube,
76 ... separation tube,
A ... Gasification raw material,
B ... Gas
C: Thermal decomposition residue.

Claims (4)

A floating external heat type gasification apparatus comprising a gasification reaction part for gasifying a gasification raw material and a raw material supply part for supplying the gasification raw material to the gasification reaction part,
A residue separation unit for separating a thermal decomposition residue contained in the gas generated in the gasification reaction unit and generated in the gasification reaction;
A residue recovery unit is provided for recovering the pyrolysis residue separated in the residue separation unit and returning it to the upstream side so that the pyrolysis residue is reintroduced into the gasification reaction unit and regasified. A floating external heat type gasifier characterized by the above.   The floating external heat type gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the residue recovery unit directly introduces the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit into the gasification reaction unit.   The floating external heat type gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the residue recovery unit returns the pyrolysis residue separated by the residue separation unit to the raw material supply unit.   Gasifying the gasification raw material and regasifying the pyrolysis residue generated in the gasification reaction using the floating external heat gasification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A floating external heat type gasification method characterized by the above.

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