JP2016049939A - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize head cooling and foot warming ideal for a human body in winter and save power.SOLUTION: A ceiling duct 8 formed along a roof body structure, a right duct 9 and a left duct 10 formed along side body structures are arranged in a railway vehicle. A first right opening 31a and a first left opening 32a are formed on the ceiling duct 8. A second right opening 42a and a second left opening 52a are formed near the feet of passengers on the right duct 9 and the left duct 10. A first right valve 61 is arranged in the boundary between the ceiling duct 8 and the right duct 9. A first left valve 62 is arranged in the boundary between the ceiling duct 8 and the left duct 10. When the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are turned into the open state at the time of the heating operation, a portion of warm air blown out from an air conditioner 7 is blown out to the heads of the passengers from the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a, and the rest is blown out to the feet of the passengers from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle provided with an air conditioner and an air conditioning duct.

  The passenger compartment temperature of a rail vehicle is adjusted by an air conditioner attached to a roof structure or the like, or a heater disposed below the seat. Air-conditioned air (cold air, hot air) blown out from the air conditioner is blown out from the vicinity of the ceiling to the guest room through the air-conditioning duct (see Patent Document 1). Thereby, the temperature of the whole cabin can be adjusted. In winter, passengers' feet can be warmed by a heater under the seat.

JP-A-11-268642

  When adjusting the cabin temperature with an air conditioner, warm air is blown out from near the ceiling in winter, so the passenger's head is warmed, but the feet are hard to warm. This makes it difficult to achieve the “head cold foot fever” ideal for the human body. Also, when the feet are warmed with a heater, the power consumption of the heater increases, making it difficult to save energy (energy saving).

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle that can realize “head cold foot heat” in winter and can save energy.

The railcar of the present invention is attached to the roof structure, the side structure, the wife structure, the underframe, the roof structure, the side structure, the cabin structure surrounded by the wife structure and the underframe, and the roof structure. An air conditioner that is connected to the air conditioner and formed along the roof structure and the side structure, a wall that is formed between the cabin and the air conditioning duct, and is disposed in the cabin. With a seat
The wall has a ceiling plate disposed below the roof structure;
The air conditioning duct includes a first air conditioning duct formed between the roof structure and the ceiling plate, and a second air conditioning duct connected to the first air conditioning duct and formed along the side structure. And
The wind blown from the air conditioner flows from the first air conditioning duct to the second air conditioning duct,
In the air conditioning duct, the first opening and the second opening for communicating the cabin and the air conditioning duct are formed at different heights,
The first opening is formed above a backrest of the seat;
The second opening is formed below the backrest;
In the air conditioning duct, a first valve is disposed at a position downstream of the first opening and upstream of the second opening in a direction in which the air blown from the air conditioner flows.
The degree of opening and closing of the first valve can be changed.

In the present invention, the conditioned air can be blown out to the cabin from the first opening formed near the ceiling and the second opening formed at the foot. Moreover, the air-conditioning air volume blown out from each opening can be adjusted by changing the opening / closing degree of the first valve. Thereby, since warm air can be blown out to both a passenger | crew's head and step in winter, head cold foot heat can be implement | achieved. Further, since the feet of the passengers can be warmed without using a heater below the seat, energy saving can be achieved.
Furthermore, by reducing the opening of the first valve in summer, it is possible to blow cool air mainly from the first opening near the ceiling. Thereby, a refreshing feeling can be given to a passenger.

  Further, the vehicle includes first control means for controlling opening and closing of the first valve, and when the air conditioner is operated for heating, the opening degree of the first valve is controlled by the first control means. It is preferable to make it larger than the opening when the cooling operation is performed.

  A large amount of warm air can be blown from the second opening to the feet during the heating operation, so that it is possible to realize cold head heat.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the first valve can be completely closed in the vehicle. By completely closing the first valve during the cooling operation, cold air can be blown out only from the first opening near the ceiling. Thereby, a refreshing feeling can be given to a passenger.

The vehicle further includes an opening / closing plate capable of opening and closing the first opening, and second control means capable of controlling an opening / closing degree of the opening / closing plate,
When the air conditioner is operated for heating, it is preferable that the opening degree of the opening / closing plate is made smaller by the second control means than when the air conditioner is operated for cooling.

  By reducing the opening of the first opening near the ceiling during heating operation, the amount of warm air blown from the second opening at the foot can be increased. As a result, a large amount of warm air can be blown out to the feet of the passengers, so that it is possible to realize cold head heat.

  In the vehicle, a plurality of the first openings are formed on both sides of the rail vehicle in the width direction with respect to the width direction of the rail vehicle, and a plurality of the second openings are formed in the rail vehicle in the width direction. It is preferably formed on both sides across the width center.

  Since the conditioned air can be blown out from the left and right sides across the center in the width direction of the vehicle, the conditioned air can be circulated efficiently in the passenger room.

The vehicle further includes a heating element, a flow path through which the fluid generated from the heating element passes, and a heating duct adjacent to at least one of the heating element and the flow path,
It is preferable that the heating duct is connected to the air conditioning duct.

  The gas passing through the heating duct can be warmed with a heating element or a fluid generated from the heating element before being sent to the air conditioning duct and the cabin. Thereby, since the load of the air conditioner at the time of heating operation can be reduced, the cost can be reduced.

  In the vehicle, it is preferable that the heating duct is connected downstream of the second opening with respect to a direction in which the air blown from the air conditioner in the cabin and the air conditioning duct flows.

  The gas in the cabin can be taken into the heating duct and heated by the heating duct before being sent to the air conditioning duct and the cabin. Thereby, since the load of the air conditioner at the time of heating operation can be reduced, the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, a second valve is disposed downstream of the second opening in a direction in which the air blown from the air conditioner flows in the heating duct or the air conditioning duct, and the degree of opening and closing of the second valve can be changed. preferable.

  By changing the degree of opening and closing of the second valve, the amount of hot air sent from the heating duct to the air conditioning duct and the passenger cabin can be adjusted. Further, by closing the second valve in summer, only the cool air can be sent to the guest room so that the warm air generated by the heating duct does not flow into the guest room.

  In the above vehicle, it is preferable that the heating duct is disposed between the air conditioner and the air conditioning duct.

  Since the conditioned air blown from the air conditioner can be heated by the heating duct, the amount of heat exchange in the air conditioner can be reduced. This can reduce the load on the air conditioner.

In the vehicle, the second air conditioning duct is
A plurality of upper second air conditioning ducts connected to the first air conditioning duct and arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle, and a longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle disposed below the plurality of upper second air conditioning ducts A lower second air conditioning duct extending to
A lower end portion of the upper second air conditioning duct and the lower second air conditioning duct are connected,
It is preferable that a plurality of second openings are formed in the lower second air conditioning duct along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle.

  By forming a plurality of second openings in the lower second air conditioning duct extending in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle, the conditioned air can be blown from various positions in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle below the seat. As a result, the feet can be easily warmed up in winter, so that it is easy to realize cold head heat.

  In the vehicle, it is preferable that the first opening is opened in a direction intersecting with a height direction of the railway vehicle. Air conditioning air in the lateral direction or oblique direction can be blown out from the first opening at a height near the ceiling. As a result, it is possible to prevent the passenger from being directly exposed to the downward conditioned air, so that a refreshing feeling can be provided in a comfortable state.

  According to the present invention, the conditioned air can be blown from the first opening near the ceiling and the second opening below the seat, and the amount of the conditioned air blown from each opening can be adjusted. It can save energy.

1 is a side view of a railway vehicle according to a first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure inside a railway vehicle. It is a perspective view which shows a part of air conditioning duct. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the conditioned air at the time of heating operation, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the conditioned air at the time of cooling operation. It is a side view of the rail vehicle which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a part of air conditioning duct of a modification.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
A railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the railway vehicle 100 includes a roof structure 1, a wife structure 2, side structures 3 and 4 that face each other in the width direction of the vehicle, a frame 5 that forms a floor, and a roof structure. 1, a guest room 6 surrounded by a wife structure 2, side structures 3, 4 and underframe 5, an air conditioner 7 attached to the roof structure 1, and a ceiling duct (first air conditioner) formed along the roof structure 1 Duct) 8, a right duct (second air conditioning duct) 9 formed along the right side structure 3, and a left duct (second air conditioning duct) 10 formed along the left side structure 4. ing. The air conditioner 7 and the ceiling duct 8 are connected by an intermediate duct 11.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the right duct 9 and the left duct 10 respectively extend downward from the left and right ends of the ceiling duct 8. The ceiling duct 8, the right duct 9, and the left duct 10 communicate with each other, and an air conditioning duct 12 is constituted by these three ducts.

  A ceiling plate 13 is disposed between the ceiling duct 8 and the passenger cabin 6. A right side wall 14 is formed between the right duct 9 and the cabin 6. A left side wall 15 is formed between the left duct 10 and the cabin 6. A plurality of seats 16 are arranged in the guest room 6.

  Heating ducts 17, 18 and 217 are connected to the lower end of the right duct 9. A heating duct 18 is also connected to the lower end of the left duct 10. The heating ducts 17 and 18 extend downward along the side structures 3 and 4, bend upward through the floor of the vehicle body 19, and pass through the floor.

  A heating element 20 such as an engine is disposed near the center of the vehicle body 19 (see FIG. 2). Channels 21 and 22 are formed on the left and right sides of the heating element 20. The flow paths 21 and 22 extend in the width direction of the vehicle, and a part thereof is adjacent to the heating ducts 17 and 18. A thermal fluid (exhaust heat or the like) generated from the heating element 20 is discharged to the outside through the flow paths 21 and 22.

  FIG. 3 shows a part of the air conditioning duct 12. The ceiling duct 8 includes two ceiling right duct pipes 31 and a ceiling left duct pipe 32 that extend in the vehicle longitudinal direction, and a central duct pipe 33 that connects these two duct pipes. An opening 33 a is formed near the center of the central duct pipe 33. The lower end of the intermediate duct 11 is disposed in the opening 33a (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in FIG. 2, a first right opening 31 a is formed at a corner of the ceiling right duct pipe 31 that faces the cabin 6. Further, a first left opening 32 a is formed at a corner portion of the ceiling left duct pipe 32 that faces the cabin 6. The first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (see the first left opening 32a shown in FIG. 3). As shown in FIG. 2, the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a are formed at a height near the ceiling (a height above the backrest 16a of the seat 16).

  The opening degree of the first right opening 31 a can be adjusted by the right opening / closing plate 131, and the opening degree of the first left opening 32 a can be adjusted by the left opening / closing plate 132. An opening / closing mechanism (not shown) is connected to the right opening / closing plate 131. An opening / closing mechanism (not shown) is also connected to the left opening / closing plate 132. The right opening plate 131 and the left opening plate 132 can be opened and closed by each opening and closing mechanism. When the right opening / closing plate 131 and the left opening / closing plate 132 are in the open state, the ceiling right duct pipe 31 and the ceiling left duct pipe 32 communicate with the cabin 6.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first right opening 31a opens downwardly to the left. As a result, the conditioned air is blown out from the first right opening 31a into the cabin 6 in a diagonally downward left direction (see FIG. 4). On the other hand, the first left opening 32a opens toward the lower right. As a result, the conditioned air is blown out from the first left opening 32a into the passenger compartment 6 in a downward diagonal direction (see FIG. 4).

  As shown in FIG. 3, the right duct 9 includes a plurality of right vertical duct pipes (upper second air conditioning ducts) 41 extending downward from the ceiling right duct pipe 31 and a plurality of right vertical duct pipes 41 below the right duct ducts 41. And a right longitudinal duct pipe (lower second air conditioning duct) 42 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The right longitudinal duct tube 42 is disposed at the height of the passenger's feet (see FIG. 2). The right longitudinal duct pipe 41 and the right longitudinal duct pipe 42 communicate with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a second right opening 42 a is formed in a portion of the right longitudinal duct pipe 42 that faces the cabin 6. The second right openings 42a are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The second right opening 42 a is located at a lower level than the seat 16 b of the seat 16 and can be opened and closed by the right wall valve 142. An opening is formed in a portion of the right side wall 14 facing the second right opening 42a, and the right longitudinal duct pipe 42 and the passenger cabin 6 communicate with each other when the right wall valve 142 is open.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the left duct 10 includes a plurality of left vertical duct pipes (upper second air conditioning ducts) 51 extending downward from the ceiling left duct pipe 32 and a plurality of left vertical duct pipes 51 below. And a left longitudinal duct pipe (lower second air conditioning duct) 52 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The left longitudinal duct tube 52 is disposed at the height of the feet of the passenger (see FIG. 2). The left longitudinal duct pipe 51 and the left longitudinal duct pipe 52 communicate with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a second left opening 52 a is formed in a portion of the left longitudinal duct tube 52 that faces the cabin 6. The second left openings 52a are formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The second left opening 52 a is located at a lower level than the seat 16 b of the seat 16 and can be opened and closed by the left wall valve 152. An opening is formed in a portion of the left side wall 15 facing the second left opening 52a, and the left longitudinal duct pipe 52 and the passenger cabin 6 communicate with each other when the left wall valve 152 is in an open state.

  In the air conditioning duct 12, a first right valve (first valve) 61 is disposed at a boundary portion between the ceiling right duct pipe 31 and the right vertical duct pipe 41. By opening and closing the first right valve 61, the ceiling right duct pipe 31 and the right vertical duct pipe 41 can be communicated with each other or separated from each other.

  A first left valve (first valve) 62 is disposed at the boundary between the ceiling left duct pipe 32 and the left vertical duct pipe 51. By opening and closing the first left valve 62, the ceiling left duct pipe 32 and the left vertical duct pipe 51 can be communicated with each other or separated from each other.

  Openings 17 a and 18 a of heating ducts 17 and 18 are formed on the floor of the vehicle body 19. The openings 17a and 18a can be opened and closed by a second right valve (second valve) 117 and a second left valve (second valve) 118, respectively.

  Opening / closing mechanism (not shown) of the right opening / closing plate 131, opening / closing mechanism (not shown) of the left opening / closing plate 132, right wall valve 142, left wall valve 152, first right valve 61, first left valve 62, The second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 are electrically connected to a control device (first control means, second control means) 110 disposed around the driver's seat (see FIG. 1). When a lever or button of the cab is operated, a signal is transmitted from the control device 110 to the opening / closing mechanism and the valve, and the opening / closing plate and the valve are opened / closed. Thereby, the opening and closing degree of the opening and closing plate and the valve can be adjusted. The opening / closing mechanism and the valve can all be controlled at the same time, or individually. The opening and closing plate and valve can be opened and closed manually. The opening and closing plate and valve can be completely closed.

  Next, an example of the flow of the conditioned air during the cooling operation and the heating operation will be described with reference to FIG.

(During heating operation)
As shown in FIG. 4A, the right opening / closing plate 131 and the left opening / closing plate 132 are opened, and the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are opened. Further, the right wall valve 142 and the left wall valve 152 that close the right side wall 14 and the left side wall 15 are opened, and the second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 that close the floor are opened.

  When the air conditioner 7 is operated, the warm air blown out from the air conditioner 7 passes through the intermediate duct 11 and the ceiling duct 8, and a part is blown out from the first right opening 31 a and the first left opening 32 a to the cabin 6, and the rest The air is blown out from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a to the passenger cabin 6 through the right duct 9 and the left duct 10. Further, part of the gas in the passenger compartment 6 is taken into the heating ducts 17 and 18 and flows toward the right duct 9 and the left duct 10. Here, heat exchange occurs between the gas passing through the heating ducts 17 and 18 and the thermal fluid (exhaust heat or the like) passing through the flow passages 21 and 22, and the temperature of the gas passing through the heating ducts 17 and 18 rises. To do. The gas whose temperature has increased flows into the right duct 9 and the left duct 10 and is blown out from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a to the passenger compartment 6.

A part of the warm air blown out from the air conditioner 7 is blown out to the passenger's head, and the rest is blown out to the passenger's feet. In addition, after warming the gas in the cabin with exhaust heat or the like, it is blown out to the feet of the passengers. As a result, it is possible to realize a head cold foot heat ideal for the human body.
Conventionally, the feet are warmed by a heater disposed below the seat 16, but warm air can be blown out to the feet of the passenger, so the feet of the passenger can be warmed without using a heater. This can save energy.

(During cooling operation)
As shown in FIG. 4B, the right opening / closing plate 131 and the left opening / closing plate 132 are opened, and the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are completely closed. The second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 are also completely closed. The right wall valve 142 and the left wall valve 152 are open in FIG. 4B, but may be closed.

  When the air conditioner 7 is operated, the cold air blown out from the air conditioner 7 passes through the intermediate duct 11 and the ceiling duct 8 and is blown out from the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a to the cabin 6. Cold air is blown out from the first right opening 31a in the diagonally downward left direction, and cold air is blown out from the first left opening 32a in the diagonally downward right direction. When these cold winds collide with each other, the cold wind circulates in the cabin 6.

  Here, since the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are completely closed, cold air does not flow through the right duct 9 and the left duct 10. Further, since the second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 are completely closed, no gas flows through the heating ducts 17 and 18. Therefore, no gas is blown out from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a to the cabin 6.

  In FIG. 4B, the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are completely closed and the right wall valve 142 and the left wall valve 152 are opened, but the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are open. And the right wall valve 142 and the left wall valve 152 may be completely closed.

  Further, the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are opened so that the opening degree of the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 is smaller than the opening degree during the heating operation of FIG. 7 may be blown out from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a to the cabin 6.

As described above, the railway vehicle according to the present embodiment has the following effects. In this embodiment, i) the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a formed at a height near the ceiling and ii) the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a formed at the foot to the cabin 6. Air conditioned air can be blown out. Further, by changing the degree of opening and closing of the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a by the control device 110 or manually, I) the amount of air-conditioning air blown from the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a and II) the second right The amount of air-conditioning air blown from the opening 42a and the second left opening 52a can be adjusted. As a result, sufficient warm air can be blown out to the feet of the passengers in winter, so that it is possible to realize cold head heat. Further, since the passenger's feet can be warmed without using the heater below the seat 16, energy saving can be achieved.
Further, in summer, the first right valve 61 and the first left valve 62 are completely closed or the opening degree is reduced, so that a large amount of cool air flows from the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a near the ceiling to the guest room 6. Can be blown out. Thereby, a refreshing feeling can be given to a passenger.

  Also, by opening the opening of the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a at the foot during the heating operation larger than the opening of the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a during the cooling operation, A lot of warm air can be blown out to the feet of passengers. Thereby, it is possible to realize head cold foot heat. Further, even if the warm air blown out from the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a near the ceiling when the door of the railway vehicle 100 is opened flows out of the vehicle, the second right opening 42a and the second right opening 42a at the foot. The interior of the vehicle can be warmed by the warm air blown from the left opening 52a.

  Furthermore, the amount of warm air blown from the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a at the foot can be increased by reducing the opening degree of the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a near the ceiling during the heating operation. it can. As a result, a large amount of warm air can be blown out to the feet of the passengers, so that it is possible to realize cold head heat.

  Further, the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a are formed on both the left and right sides of the railcar 100 in the vicinity of the ceiling and the left and right sides of the railcar 100 in the vicinity of the passenger's feet. A second right opening 42a and a second left opening 52a are formed on both sides. As a result, the conditioned air can be blown from both the left and right sides, so that the conditioned air can be circulated efficiently.

  Furthermore, since the heating ducts 17 and 18 are adjacent to the flow paths 21 and 22 through which the exhaust heat and the like flow, between the gas flowing through the heating ducts 17 and 18 and the exhaust heat and the like flowing through the flow paths 21 and 22. Heat exchange occurs. As a result, the temperature of the gas flowing through the heating ducts 17 and 18 rises, and the heated gas can be sent to the right duct 9, the left duct 10, and the cabin 6, so that the amount of heat exchange in the air conditioner can be reduced. Further, hot air can be generated using exhaust heat generated from an essential device such as an engine (heating element 20).

  Furthermore, the opening and closing of the second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 that close the openings of the heating ducts 17 and 18 can be adjusted by the control device 110 or manually. As a result, a lot of warm air can be blown out at the feet of passengers in winter. Further, by closing the second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 completely in summer, it is possible to prevent warm air from being blown into the cabin 6.

  Further, a right longitudinal duct pipe 42 and a left longitudinal duct pipe 52 are formed at the height of the passenger's feet in the air conditioning duct 12, and a plurality of second right openings 42 a and second left openings 52 a are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle 100. Is forming. As a result, the conditioned air can be blown out at various locations at the height of the passenger's feet. Therefore, it is possible to easily warm the feet of the passengers in the winter season, so that it is possible to realize cold head heat.

  Further, in the ceiling duct 8, the first right opening 31a is opened downwardly to the left and the first left opening 32a is opened downwardly to the right. As a result, the conditioned air is blown obliquely downward, so that the downward conditioned air is not directly applied to the passenger. Therefore, a refreshing feeling can be given to a passenger in a comfortable state.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the positions of the heating duct 217, the heating element 220, and the flow path 221. In addition, about the structure same as 1st Embodiment mentioned above, the same code | symbol is used and the description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  In the railway vehicle 200, a heating duct 217 is disposed between the air conditioner 7 and the intermediate duct 211. The air conditioner 7, the heating duct 217, and the intermediate duct 211 communicate with each other.

  A heating element 220 such as an engine is attached to the roof structure 1. A flow path 221 is connected to the heating element 220. The flow path 221 extends in the vehicle longitudinal direction toward the air conditioner 7, and a part thereof is adjacent to the heating duct 217. A thermal fluid (exhaust heat or the like) generated from the heating element 220 is discharged to the outside through the flow path 221.

  During the heating operation, the gas blown out from the air conditioner 7 flows through the heating duct 217 and the intermediate duct 210 to the air conditioning duct 12 (the ceiling duct 8, the right duct 9, and the left duct), and is blown out into the cabin. Here, heat exchange occurs between the gas flowing through the heating duct 217 and the thermal fluid flowing through the flow path 221. Thereby, the temperature of the gas flowing through the heating duct 217 rises, and the gas after the temperature rise is sent to the intermediate duct 211, the air conditioning duct 12, and the passenger cabin. Thus, since the gas blown out from the air conditioner 7 is warmed while passing through the heating duct 217, the gas blown out from the air conditioner 7 may be a gas that is not heat-exchanged by the air conditioner 7. Moreover, the gas with little heat exchange amount may be sufficient.

  During the cooling operation, a valve (not shown) disposed between the heating element 220 and the flow path 221 is closed, and exhaust heat does not flow through the flow path 221. Accordingly, the cold air flowing through the heating duct 217 is sent to the passenger compartment 6 without increasing in temperature. Exhaust heat generated from the heating element 220 is discharged to the outside through another flow path (not shown).

  In this embodiment, since the gas blown from the air conditioner 7 can be heated by the heating duct 217 and then sent to the air conditioning duct 12 and the cabin, the amount of heat exchange in the air conditioner 7 can be reduced. Thereby, the load of the air conditioner 7 can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on drawing, it should be thought that a specific structure is not limited to these embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and includes all modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the first right opening (first opening) 31a and the first left opening (first opening) 32a are formed at a height near the ceiling (the same height as the ceiling). An opening may be formed at a position lower than the ceiling. Further, the first right opening 31a opens in the diagonally downward left direction, and the first left opening 32a opens in the diagonally downward right direction, but the first opening is opened in the left-right direction (the vehicle width direction). Also good. For example, in FIG. 2, a first opening that opens in the left-right direction may be formed at the upper end of the right vertical duct pipe 41 and the upper end of the left vertical duct pipe 51.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first openings (the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a) are formed on the left and right sides above the back 16a of the seat 16, but the opening may be formed only on the right side or the left side. Good. Further, the second openings (the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a) are formed on both the left and right sides below the back 16a of the seat 16, but the openings may be formed only on the right side or the left side.

  Further, in the first embodiment described above, the heating ducts 17 and 18 and the flow paths 21 and 22 through which the fluid generated from the heating element 20 passes are adjacent to each other, but the heating ducts 17 and 18 and the heating element 20 are adjacent to each other. May be. In the second embodiment, the heating duct 217 and the flow path 221 are adjacent to each other, but the heating duct 217 and the heating element 220 may be adjacent to each other. The heating ducts 17, 18, and 217 may not be provided.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the second right opening 42a and the second left opening 52a are formed in the right longitudinal duct pipe 42 and the left longitudinal duct pipe 52 at the foot of the passenger, but the right longitudinal duct pipe 41 and the left longitudinal duct pipe 51 are formed. An opening may be formed in the surface. In this case, the right longitudinal duct tube 42 and the left longitudinal duct tube 52 may be omitted.

  In the above-described embodiment, the second right valve 117 and the second left valve 118 are disposed in the openings of the heating ducts 17 and 18, but the positions of the valves can be changed. For example, the valve may be disposed in the middle of the heating ducts 17 and 18, and may be disposed downstream of the second right opening 42 a and the second left opening 52 a in the right duct 9 and the left duct 10 in the direction in which the conditioned air flows. Good.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the 1st right valve 61 and the 1st left valve 62 can be closed completely, it is good also as a structure which cannot be closed completely. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the right opening / closing plate 131 and the left opening / closing plate 132 that can open and close the first right opening 31a and the first left opening 32a are provided, but the right opening / closing plate 131 and the left opening / closing plate 132 are provided. It does not have to be.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the opening / closing of all the opening / closing plates and valves can be controlled by the control device (first control means, second control means) 110 arranged around the driver's seat, but the control means and control method can be changed. For example, a humidity temperature sensor is installed in each part of the cabin 6, and the control device (first control means, second control means) 110 is operated based on the information of each humidity temperature sensor, thereby opening / closing plates and valves May be configured to automatically open and close.

  Moreover, the structure of the air-conditioning duct 12 is not restricted to the structure of embodiment mentioned above, It can change. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the ceiling right duct pipe 331 and the ceiling left duct pipe 332 of the ceiling duct 306 are brought close to the width direction of the vehicle, and the horizontal portion 341a and the vertical portion are placed on the right vertical duct pipe 341 (upper second air conditioning duct). A portion 341b may be provided. Further, the left vertical duct pipe 351 (upper second air conditioning duct) may also be provided with a horizontal portion 351a and a vertical portion 351b. In FIG. 6, a first right opening and a first left opening 432 a that open in the left-right direction are formed at the upper end of the right vertical duct pipe 341 and the upper end of the left vertical duct pipe 351. The first left opening 432 a can be opened and closed by the left opening / closing plate 432.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof structure 2 Wife structure 3, 4 Side structure 5 Underframe 6 Guest room 7 Air conditioner 8 Ceiling duct (1st air conditioning duct)
9 Right duct (second air conditioning duct)
10 Left duct (second air conditioning duct)
12 air conditioning duct 13 ceiling plate 14 right side wall 15 left side wall 16 seat 16a backrest 16b seat 17, 17, 217 heating duct 20,220 heating element 21, 22, 221 flow path 31a first right opening (first opening)
32a, 432a First left opening (first opening)
41,341 Right vertical duct pipe (upper second air conditioning duct)
42 Right longitudinal duct (lower second air conditioning duct)
42a Second right opening (second opening)
51,351 Left vertical duct pipe (upper second air conditioning duct)
52 Left longitudinal duct pipe (lower second air conditioning duct)
52a Second left opening (second opening)
61 1st right valve (1st valve)
62 1st left valve (1st valve)
100 railcar 110 control device (first control means, second control means)
117 Second right valve (second valve)
118 Second left valve (second valve)
131 Right open / close plate
132,432 Left open / close plate (open / close plate)

Claims (11)

A roof structure, a side structure, a wife structure, a base frame, the roof structure, the side structure, the cabin surrounded by the wife structure and the base frame, an air conditioner attached to the roof structure, and An air conditioning duct connected to an air conditioner and formed along the roof structure and the side structure, a wall formed between the cabin and the air conditioning duct, and a seat disposed in the cabin,
The wall has a ceiling plate disposed below the roof structure;
The air conditioning duct includes a first air conditioning duct formed between the roof structure and the ceiling plate, and a second air conditioning duct connected to the first air conditioning duct and formed along the side structure. And
The wind blown from the air conditioner flows from the first air conditioning duct to the second air conditioning duct,
In the air conditioning duct, the first opening and the second opening for communicating the cabin and the air conditioning duct are formed at different heights,
The first opening is formed above a backrest of the seat;
The second opening is formed below the backrest;
In the air conditioning duct, a first valve is disposed at a position downstream of the first opening and upstream of the second opening in a direction in which the air blown from the air conditioner flows.
A railway vehicle characterized in that the degree of opening and closing of the first valve can be changed. Comprising first control means for controlling opening and closing of the first valve;
2. The railway according to claim 1, wherein when the air conditioner is operated for heating, the first control means makes the opening degree of the first valve larger than the opening degree when the air conditioner is operated for cooling. vehicle.   The railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first valve can be completely closed. An opening / closing plate capable of opening and closing the first opening; and second control means capable of controlling an opening / closing degree of the opening / closing plate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the air conditioner is operated for heating, the opening of the opening / closing plate is made smaller by the second control unit than when the air conditioner is operated for cooling. The listed railway vehicle. A plurality of the first openings are formed on both sides of the width center of the railway vehicle in the width direction of the railway vehicle;
The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the second openings are formed on both sides of a width center of the railway vehicle in the width direction of the railway vehicle. A heating element, a flow path through which the fluid generated from the heating element passes, and a heating duct adjacent to at least one of the heating element and the flow path,
The railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the heating duct is connected to the air conditioning duct.   The railway vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the heating duct is connected to the cabin and downstream of the second opening in a direction in which the air blown from the air conditioner flows in the air conditioning duct. . A second valve is disposed downstream of the second opening in the heating duct or the air-conditioning duct in the direction in which the air blown from the air-conditioner flows.
The railway vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the degree of opening and closing of the second valve can be changed.   The railway vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the heating duct is disposed between the air conditioner and the air conditioning duct. The second air conditioning duct is
A plurality of upper second air conditioning ducts connected to the first air conditioning duct and arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle;
A plurality of lower second air conditioning ducts arranged below the plurality of upper second air conditioning ducts and extending in the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle;
A lower end portion of the upper second air conditioning duct and the lower second air conditioning duct are connected,
The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a plurality of second openings are formed in the lower second air conditioning duct along a longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle.   The railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first opening is opened in a direction intersecting a height direction of the railway vehicle.

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