JP2016038715A - Data collection management system, apparatus, method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve utilization efficiency of resources in collecting and managing data, and to improve the accuracy of data in a collection destination.SOLUTION: A data collection management system includes a management apparatus and a transmission apparatus. The management apparatus includes: transmission determination information notification means which gives transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted, to a transmission apparatus; measurement data estimation means for estimating the measurement data; data processing means for processing the measurement data or estimated data; and data storage means for storing all or some pieces of the measurement data, the estimated data, and the processed data. The transmission apparatus includes: transmission determination information storage means for storing the transmission determination information; information value calculation means for calculating an information value of the acquired measurement data; and transmission determination means for determining whether to transmit the measurement data to the management apparatus, on the basis of the calculated information value and the stored transmission determination information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 16

Description

  The present invention relates to a data collection management system that collects and manages data, and a transmission device, a management device, a data collection management method, and a data collection management program used therein, and more particularly, data that is collected and managed via a network. The present invention relates to a collection management system, a transmission device, a management device, a data collection management method, and a data collection management program.

  In recent years, various types of sensor data are collected and used in various applications in systems that exchange information and perform various controls without human intervention, represented by the machine-to-machine (M2M) system. The technology is actively researched. In an M2M system that collects sensor data, for example, sensor data obtained from the sensors from various sensors or from a collection terminal connected to the sensors is periodically or irregularly sent to a management server via a network. It is done. The management server manages (holds) the sensor data sent in this way so that it can be used for various applications.

  In general, sensor data is time-series data generated continuously along a time series. In an M2M system that collects and manages time-series data, the correct correspondence with data continuity and time information is important, so in many cases, regardless of the importance of the data or the network status, etc. Collected and managed uniformly. In such a case, resources (for example, network bandwidth and management server resources) are consumed uniformly.

  Regarding a technology for reducing resource consumption in a data collection and management system, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a car navigation apparatus that transmits position information of a host vehicle and a server that receives and manages the position information in a car navigation system. A technique for reducing the amount of communication with a device is described. In the car navigation system described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of representative points on map data are stored in advance in a car navigation device, and when a vehicle travels between representative points, the movement status between the representative points is simplified. Is transmitted to the server device. Then, the server side requests the car navigation device to transmit route information between the representative points according to the received simple movement status data.

JP 2011-137803 A

  The problem is that even for the same kind of data, the necessity of the sensor data differs depending on the surrounding situation, the nature of the sensor data, how the sensor data is used, and the like.

  For example, an application example of sensor data is an application that predicts a movement trajectory of the vehicle from the collected vehicle position information and analyzes a traffic jam situation at a specific location. If the vehicle is traveling on a highway at a constant speed, for example, from a rough data point (representative point) to another point, for example, a point on the route that was not collected or the most recent point that will move Etc. can be interpolated with high accuracy, so the necessity of data other than the representative point is low. Alternatively, the location information measured at short time intervals is not necessary because the moving speed of the vehicle is very slow at a place where there is a traffic jam.

  On the other hand, when the vehicle is traveling on an intricate road or is in a driving situation where the vehicle stops and starts repeatedly, in order to grasp the vehicle position with high accuracy, the road ahead and the driving situation (for example, A lot of data is required near the changing point where the acceleration direction changes. In addition, it is not limited to data in the vicinity of the change point, and if the data is difficult to interpolate from the transmitted data (the prediction accuracy is low), it can be said that the necessity of the data is high.

  Thus, even for the same type of data (for example, vehicle position information), the necessity of the data changes dynamically according to the driving situation and the surrounding environment. Furthermore, as shown below, the necessity of data varies depending on the application that uses the data and the nature of the data.

  For example, consider the case where the collected location information of the vehicle is displayed in accordance with the map data displayed on the display device, that is, projected onto the road on the map, on the management server side. When displaying the vehicle position information in accordance with the map data, the measured raw data is not used as it is, but so-called map matching is performed in which the raw data is corrected using the display target map data. At this time, for example, it is assumed that the current position is not transmitted because it is easy to predict the current position because the vehicle is in a state before reaching a changing point such as an intersection. In such a case, if the management server predicts the current position of the vehicle and corrects it with reference to the map data, it may be corrected to an incorrect position, for example, a road that is not an actual driving road.

  The accuracy of the position required in map matching differs depending on the shape of the road, such as whether the road on which the vehicle is traveling is a single road or a three-way road. That is, the required accuracy is high in an area where data correction candidates are dense, and the required accuracy is low in an area where there is only one data correction candidate. Therefore, even if it is determined that the prediction accuracy for the raw data is high on the vehicle side, when the raw data is predicted and further corrected on the management server side, the corrected data does not always satisfy the required accuracy. That is, the prediction accuracy for the raw data is the same regardless of the accuracy of the data required in the management server between the point where the data correction candidates are dense and the point where there is only one correction candidate. In such a case, if the transmission timing is controlled on the vehicle side based on the prediction accuracy, there is a problem that the accuracy of data in the management server decreases. On the other hand, if the criterion of prediction accuracy on the vehicle side is lowered so that the accuracy of the data does not decrease, the raw data that the corrected data satisfies the required accuracy will be transmitted even if it is not transmitted. The problem of increased consumption

  Such a problem is not limited to an application that performs map matching, and may occur when some processing is performed on collected data at a collection destination.

  Note that the technique described in Patent Document 1 is such that representative point information is statically set as information used for determining transmission of detailed route information. Furthermore, when traveling between representative points, the accuracy of data managed by the management server is uncertain.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a data collection management system, a data collection management method, a terminal, and a management apparatus that can improve the accuracy of data at a collection destination while improving the utilization efficiency of resources related to data collection and management. There is.

  A data collection management system according to the present invention includes a transmission device that transmits measurement data, and a management device that is connected to the transmission device via a network. The management device is information that specifies measurement data to be transmitted to the management device. Transmission determination information notifying means for transmitting to the transmitting apparatus, measurement data predicting means for predicting unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmitting apparatus, and measurement received from the transmitting apparatus Data or data processing means for processing prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction means, and measurement data received from the transmitter, prediction data, and results of processing by the data processing means And a data storage means for storing all or part of the processed data, and the transmission device acquires the measurement data for acquiring the measurement data. Means, communication means for transmitting measurement data to the management apparatus, information value calculation means for calculating the information value of the acquired measurement data, transmission determination information storage means for storing transmission determination information notified from the management apparatus, Transmission determination means for determining whether or not to transmit the acquired measurement data to the management device based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation means and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage means It is characterized by including.

  A data collection management system according to the present invention includes a transmission device that transmits measurement data, and a management device that is connected to the transmission device via a network. The management device uses the measurement data received from the transmission device. Measurement data prediction means for predicting unreceived measurement data; data processing means for processing prediction data of measurement data received from the transmission device, or measurement data unreceived obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction means; And data storage means for storing all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and the processing data obtained as a result of the processing by the data processing means, and the transmission device acquires measurement data for acquiring the measurement data Means, communication means for transmitting measurement data to the management device, and information value calculation for calculating the information value of the acquired measurement data And transmission determination information storage means for storing transmission determination information including information specifying measurement data to be transmitted to the management device, information value calculated by the information value calculation means, and transmission determination information storage means Transmission determination means for determining whether or not the acquired measurement data is to be transmitted to the management device, transmission determination information generation means for generating transmission determination information, and processing similar to the data processing means Second data processing means for performing the processing, and reference data storage means for storing processing point information indicating values that can be taken by the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the second data processing means. Management based on the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the device does not receive the measurement data and the processing point information stored in the reference data storage means Manage measurement data for which the accuracy of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means does not satisfy the predetermined condition with respect to the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the device does not receive the measurement data Transmission point information including information specified as measurement data to be transmitted to the apparatus is generated.

  Further, the transmission device according to the present invention includes a measurement data acquisition unit that acquires measurement data, a communication unit that transmits measurement data to a predetermined management device, an information value calculation unit that calculates the information value of the acquired measurement data, Obtained based on the transmission judgment information storage means for storing the transmission judgment information notified from the management device, the information value calculated by the information value calculation means, and the transmission judgment information stored in the transmission judgment information storage means Transmission determination means for determining whether or not to transmit measurement data to the management device is provided.

  The management apparatus according to the present invention is a management apparatus that receives measurement data from a transmission apparatus connected via a network, and transmits transmission determination information including information that specifies measurement data to be transmitted by the transmission apparatus. By transmission determination information notification means for notifying the apparatus, measurement data prediction means for predicting unreceived measurement data using measurement data received from the transmission apparatus, measurement data received from the transmission apparatus, or measurement data prediction means Data processing means for processing prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction, and measurement data received from the transmission device, prediction data, and all or part of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means And a data storage means for storing.

  In the data collection method according to the present invention, the management device notifies the transmission device that transmits the measurement data to the management device, the transmission determination information including information specifying the measurement data to be transmitted, and the transmission device manages the data. The transmission determination information notified from the device is stored, the transmission device calculates the information value of the acquired measurement data, and the transmission device acquires based on the calculated information value and the stored transmission determination information Whether or not to transmit the measured data to the management device. If it is determined that the measurement data is not to be transmitted, the transmission of the measurement data is skipped. If the management device does not receive the measurement data, The management device processes the received measurement data or the prediction data of the unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of the prediction, and the management device receives the measurement data, prediction data and data received from the transmission device. And to store all or part of the processed data obtained as a result of fine processing.

  Further, the data collection management program according to the present invention provides transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted by a transmission apparatus to a computer that receives measurement data from a transmission apparatus connected via a network. The process of notifying measurement data, the process of predicting unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmitting apparatus, the measurement data received from the transmitting apparatus, or the prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of the prediction The processing is performed, and processing for storing all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and the processing data obtained as a result of the processing in a predetermined storage device is executed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the precision of the data in a collection destination can be improved, improving the utilization efficiency of the resource concerning data collection and management.

It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the data collection management system of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the transmitter 100 of 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the management apparatus 200 of 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the data collection management system of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the transmitter 100 of 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the management apparatus 200 of 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the data collection management system of 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the measuring apparatus 300 of 3rd Embodiment. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 100 according to the third embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the data collection management system of 4th Embodiment. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 100 according to the fourth embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the management apparatus 200 of 4th Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the data collection management system of a 1st Example. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the portable terminal 10 of a 1st Example. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the management server 20 of a 1st Example. It is a block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the data collection management system by this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of the data collection system of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a data collection management system according to the first embodiment of this invention. The data collection management system illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a transmission device 100 that transmits measurement data, and a management device 200 that receives and manages measurement data transmitted from the transmission device 100. Although not shown, the transmission device 100 and the management device 200 are connected via a communication network.

  The transmission device 100 includes a measurement unit 101, a communication unit 102, an information value calculation unit 103, a transmission determination unit 104, a transmission determination information storage unit 111, and a data storage unit 112.

  Each of these means generally operates as follows.

  The measuring unit 101 measures the state of the transmission device 100 and the surrounding environment, and acquires measurement data indicating the measurement result. In addition, a measuring object and a measuring method are not specifically limited. Here, “acquisition” of measurement data includes “generation” of measurement data.

  The communication unit 102 transmits the measurement data to the management apparatus 200. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 102 transmits measurement data to the management apparatus 200 in accordance with an instruction from a transmission determination unit 104 described later. In addition, the communication unit 102 receives transmission determination information transmitted from the management apparatus 200, as will be described later.

  The information value calculation means 103 calculates a value as information of the measurement data (hereinafter referred to as information value) for the acquired measurement data. For example, the information value may quantitatively represent the difficulty of predicting the measurement data in the management apparatus 200. In this case, it is sufficient that the index is such that the value as information increases as the measurement data becomes difficult to predict in the management apparatus 200. The information value calculation means 103, for example, the prediction accuracy obtained by actually performing prediction of the measurement data based on the measurement data transmitted so far to the management device 200, or the amount of measurement data that has been continuously sent off. Alternatively, the difficulty of prediction may be quantified in consideration of the elapsed time from the last transmission.

  The transmission determination information storage unit 111 stores the transmission determination information received from the management device 200. The transmission determination information is information used when determining whether or not to transmit measurement data to the management apparatus 200, and includes at least information for specifying measurement data that the transmission apparatus 100 should transmit to the management apparatus 200.

  The transmission determination information may be, for example, a list of measurement data values to be transmitted. Further, for example, a threshold value or a conditional expression for evaluating measurement data to be transmitted using a predetermined index may be used. The index used for the evaluation is not limited to the value of the measurement data, but the value of the data indicating the situation when the measurement data is acquired, and the value calculated based on the measurement data (for example, the information value and the change amount of the information value) Etc.). As an example, the transmission determination information may use information value or a change amount of information value as an index and specify a threshold value thereof. Further, as another example, the transmission determination information may include information for identifying a classification to be transmitted using information indicating an environmental classification such as whether the surrounding environment is in the city or on a highway as an index. Note that information indicating such an environmental classification can be acquired by, for example, comparing position information with map data, or transmitting current position information to another server device and receiving it as a response.

  Further, when a threshold value, a conditional expression, or the like for a certain index is used as the transmission determination information, a parameter (index) to be used and an acquisition method thereof are determined in advance between the management apparatus 200 and the transmission apparatus 100. The transmission determination information may further include information indicating a determination method, and may be a program module or the like that returns a determination result as to whether or not the measurement data should be transmitted using the measurement data as an argument. Good.

  Whether the transmission determination unit 104 transmits the acquired measurement data to the management apparatus 200 based on the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 and the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit 103. Determine whether or not. For example, when the information value of the measurement data is greater than or equal to the threshold value, or when the measurement data corresponds to the measurement data to be transmitted specified by the transmission determination information, the transmission determination unit 104 transmits the information to the management apparatus 200. To decide. On the other hand, when the information value is less than the threshold value and does not correspond to the measurement data to be transmitted indicated by the transmission determination information, it is determined that the measurement data is not transmitted to the management apparatus 200.

  The data storage unit 112 stores at least information necessary for calculation of information value and transmission determination. For example, the data storage unit 112 may store information on measurement data that was transmitted last time or information on measurement data that was not transmitted. These may be stored as history information of measurement data. For example, the data storage unit 112 may store a set of measurement data, measurement time, and transmission presence / absence as history information of measurement data.

  The management apparatus 200 includes a transmission determination information notification unit 201, a data processing unit 202, a measurement data prediction unit 203, a transmission determination information storage unit 211, and a data storage unit 212.

  Each of these means generally operates as follows.

  The transmission determination information storage unit 211 stores transmission determination information notified to the transmission device 100. As described above, the transmission determination information only needs to include information for specifying measurement data that the transmission device 100 should transmit to the management device 200. In the present embodiment, in the transmission determination information storage unit 211, when the measurement data is not received in advance, the measurement data in which the accuracy of data processed by the data processing unit 202 described later does not satisfy a predetermined condition, Measured data that shows values near the change point where the trend of data changes is expected to change compared to the series of measurement data obtained so far, and its determination method, etc., are identified as measurement data to be transmitted It is assumed that the information to be registered is registered.

  The data storage unit 212 stores measurement data received from the transmission device 100. In addition, the data storage unit 212 may store, as necessary, processing data that is prediction data of unreceived measurement data, or processed data of received measurement data or prediction data of unreceived measurement data. Good.

  The transmission determination information notification unit 201 notifies (transmits) the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 211 to the transmission device 100. The transmission determination information notifying unit 201 selects the information about the measurement data in the vicinity of the current measurement data of the transmission device 100 from the transmission determination information when the data amount of the transmission determination information is large. You may send it small.

  The data processing unit 202 processes the received measurement data or the prediction data of the unreceived measurement data. Here, “processing” includes not only the correction processing in the map matching as described above, but also the rounding processing performed at the time of graph display, and various analysis processing. Note that the analysis processing is included because statistical processing, classification processing, comparison processing, and the like that generate data indicating different values based on the values of the measurement data are performed. For example, in the classification process, data indicating the classification result is generated. In the comparison process, data indicating a comparison result (whether internal or temporary) is generated. When an application that refers to the contents of data held for other than the purpose of holding data is operating on the management apparatus, it can be said that the “processing” in the present invention is often performed. . For example, the data processing unit 202 may convert the measurement value indicated by the measurement data and the prediction value indicated by the prediction data into another value, and generate data indicating the converted value as the processing data. Further, the data processing unit 202 may change various information and parameters used for data processing such as values that can be taken by the processed data, the number of candidates, the number of data used for processing, and the like at a predetermined timing.

  For example, when an application for collecting a temperature from a temperature sensor and displaying a graph is operated on the management apparatus 200, a rounding process of a numerical value for mapping to the graph corresponds to processing. The number of candidates for rounding varies depending on the scale of the graph axis. In this case, the values and the number of candidates that can be taken by the processed data may be dynamically changed according to the scale of the graph axis at that time. In addition, even if the temperature sensor is the same, if the measured data changes depending on the measurement target, or if significant figures are determined in relation to other data, the measurement target (the change that the measurement target has) Depending on the trend and the accuracy of other data to be combined, the values and the number of candidates that can be obtained after processing may be changed dynamically, and past data used during processing (acquired so far) The number of measurement data or prediction data) may be changed dynamically.

  When processing (correcting) data using time-series data, such as map matching, when past data is not used, that is, when only the latest measured or predicted data is used, the map can be moved. Projected to the closest point among the points. On the other hand, for example, when the latest data is corrected by using a lot of past data, it can be projected onto a plausible point as a route. For example, if there is measurement data with a large amount of noise and map matching is performed using only one measurement data, there is a high possibility that it will be projected on the wrong road. This is because it can be estimated that one of the vehicles is traveling on the same road based on the remaining data even if the noise is large. On the other hand, if map matching is always performed using a large amount of data, it may take a long time (long travel distance) to return to the correct position once it has been projected onto the wrong road. Based on these situations, for example, the data processing unit 202 changes the number of data used for processing according to the environment around the transmission device 100 and the area on the map (such as near an intersection or traveling on a single road). Or periodically changing (decreasing) the number of data used for processing. By performing such control, the accuracy of map matching can be improved.

  The measurement data prediction unit 203 predicts unreceived measurement data. The measurement data prediction unit 203 predicts unreceived measurement data, for example, in response to a request from another unit, and generates prediction data indicating the result.

  In the present embodiment, the transmission device 100 includes a sensor, a NIC (Network Interface Card), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device for storing various data, and a storage medium storing a program, It may be a computer that operates under the control of a CPU based on a program. In such a case, the measurement unit 101 is realized by, for example, a sensor included in the computer. The communication means 102 is realized by a NIC provided in the computer and a CPU that operates according to a program. Further, the information value calculation means 103 and the transmission determination means 104 are realized by a CPU that operates according to a program provided in the computer. The transmission determination information storage unit 111 and the data storage unit 112 are realized by a storage device provided in the computer.

  The management device 200 may be a computer that includes a NIC, a CPU, a storage device for storing various data, and a storage medium that stores a program, and operates under the control of the CPU based on the program. In such a case, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 is realized by a NIC provided in the computer and a CPU that operates according to a program. The data processing means 202 and the measurement data prediction means 203 are realized by a CPU that operates according to a program provided in the computer. The transmission determination information storage unit 211 and the data storage unit 212 are realized by a storage device included in the computer.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the management apparatus 200 of the present embodiment.

  First, the operation of the transmission device 100 will be described. In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, first, the transmission device 100 performs an initialization process (step S <b> 101). In the initialization process, for example, various timers are set, and a flag or the like indicating an operation state is cleared.

  Next, the transmission device 100 confirms whether transmission determination information has been received from the management device 200 (step S102). When the transmission determination information is received (Yes in step S102), the received transmission determination information is stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 (step S103). That is, the content stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 is updated to the content of the received transmission determination information. On the other hand, if the transmission determination information has not been received (No in step S102), the process proceeds to step S104 as it is.

  In step S104, the measurement unit 101 measures data to be measured and acquires measurement data.

  Next, the information value calculation unit 103 calculates the information value of the acquired measurement data (step S105).

  Next, the transmission determination unit 104 transmits the acquired measurement data to the management apparatus 200 based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit 103 and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111. It is determined whether or not (step S106).

  When it is determined to transmit to the management apparatus 200 (Yes in step S106), the transmission determination unit 104 transmits the acquired measurement data to the management apparatus 200 via the communication unit 102 (step S107). At this time, it is desirable to transmit all the measurement data acquired after the previously transmitted measurement data, but it is also possible to transmit only the latest measurement data, but this is not restrictive. When transmitting measurement data, it is preferable to transmit not only the measurement data but also time information indicating the measurement time.

  On the other hand, when it is determined not to transmit to the management apparatus 200 (No in step S106), the transmission determination unit 104 proceeds to step S108 without transmitting the acquired measurement data to the management apparatus 200.

  In step S108, the transmission determination unit 104 updates the history of measurement data. The transmission determination unit 104 may register, for example, a set of acquired measurement data, measurement time, and transmission presence / absence in the data storage unit 112 as one record of measurement data history information.

  Next, the operation of the management apparatus 200 will be described. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, first, the management device 200 performs an initialization process (step S201). In the initialization process, for example, various timers are set, and a flag or the like indicating an operation state is cleared.

  Next, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 of the management apparatus 200 notifies the transmission apparatus 100 of transmission determination information (step S202).

  Next, the management apparatus 200 confirms whether or not measurement data has been received from the transmission apparatus 100 (step S203). When the measurement data is not received (No in step S203), the measurement data prediction unit 203 uses the data (measurement data, prediction data, and processed data) stored in the data storage unit 212 to perform an unreceived measurement. Data prediction is performed to calculate prediction data (step S204). If measurement data is received, the process proceeds directly to step S205. The management apparatus 200 may perform the operation of step S203 periodically, for example, every time the measurement data reception waiting timer expires, or may be performed in response to a request from another means, for example, the data processing means 202. .

  In step S205, the data processing unit 202 processes the received measurement data or the predicted data of the unreceived measurement data. The data processed here is stored in a storage device separately for use in an application as it is or for use by another application, for example. The processing timing is not limited to this, and can be performed at an arbitrary timing according to, for example, an application or an instruction from the user.

  In step S206, the data storage unit 212 stores data that each unit needs to hold.

  Finally, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 determines whether or not to update the transmission determination information of the transmission device 100 based on the newly obtained data (step S207). For example, the transmission determination information notifying unit 201 updates the transmission determination information when the data processing unit 202 changes the value that can be taken by the processed data, the number of candidates, or the number of data used for processing. In the case where the transmission determination information is divided and notified, the measurement data newly acquired by the transmission device 100 may leak from the data range of the transmission determination information stored in the transmission device 100 Then, it is determined that the transmission determination information of the transmission device 100 is updated. Here, it is determined whether or not to update so that the transmission determination information used by the transmission determination unit 104 of the transmission device 100 is not missing. The transmission determination information notification unit 201 compares, for example, the data range of the measurement data covered by the transmission determination information previously notified to the transmission device 100 with the measurement data measured this time or the predicted data thereof. Whether or not there is an update may be determined. Note that the update of the transmission determination information at this time may be performed by an administrator, or may be performed by a transmission unit that includes a transmission determination information generation unit as described later.

  When it is determined to update the transmission determination information of the transmission apparatus 100 (Yes in step S207), the transmission determination information notification unit 201 returns to step S201, and transmits the transmission determination information of the latest or optimal data range to the transmission apparatus. To 100. On the other hand, when it is determined not to update the transmission determination information of the transmission device 100 (No in step S207), the process returns to step S203 and waits for reception of the next measurement data.

  According to this embodiment, the amount of network bandwidth consumed between the transmission device 100 and the management device 200, which is one of the system resources, is reduced. This is because the transmitter 100 calculates the value (information value) of the measurement data to be transmitted, and when the information value of the measurement data is low, the transmission of the measurement data is forgotten. However, the measurement data determined to be transmitted based on the transmission determination information notified from the management device 200 is transmitted regardless of the information value. In the transmission determination information, information that reflects the characteristics of the application and data that uses the measurement data is registered in the management apparatus 200, and therefore it is determined whether or not to transmit the measurement data based on such transmission determination information. By doing so, it is possible to improve resource utilization efficiency without degrading the accuracy of various analyzes using measurement data in the management apparatus 200. For example, even if the information value of the measurement data is the same, the measurement data transmission judgment can be different depending on whether the information value gradually increases or the information value suddenly increases. Data accuracy can be further improved. In addition, for example, even when the information value of the measurement data is the same, the measurement data transmission judgment can be made different between the case where the candidates for the processing data of the measurement data are dense and the case where there is only one candidate, The accuracy of data grasped by the management device can be further improved.

  In the above example, the transmission determination unit 104 determines whether to transmit the measurement data based on the information value and the transmission determination information. However, the transmission cost information is further used. Also good. That is, when the cost required for transmitting the measurement data to be transmitted is higher than a predetermined threshold, the transmission may be forgotten. However, also in this case, the measurement data determined to be transmitted based on the transmission determination information notified from the management device 200 is transmitted regardless of the information value and the transmission cost. The management device 200 can also notify the transmission cost value, the calculation method, the threshold value, and the like as transmission determination information.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Hereinafter, a case where the measurement data to be collected is position information indicating the position of the transmission apparatus 100 may be used as an example, but the measurement data is not limited to position information.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the data collection management system of the present embodiment. In the data collection management system shown in FIG. 4, the management device 200 further includes a transmission determination information generation unit 204 and a reference data storage unit 213 as compared with the configuration of the first embodiment, and the transmission device 100 The difference is that transmission determination information requesting means 105 is further included. Hereinafter, the same means as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  The transmission determination information request unit 105 determines whether new transmission determination information is necessary based on the acquired measurement data and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111. The management apparatus 200 is requested to transmit transmission determination information. For example, the transmission determination information requesting unit 105 requests the transmission determination information from the transmission point information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 and the latest measurement data value, and the range of requested data. May be judged.

  The reference data storage unit 213 stores information on points that the measurement data can take and information on points that the processing data can take. In addition to the above, the reference data storage unit 213 has characteristics (value range, change width, extreme value, etc.) of measurement data and processing data, information indicating the relationship between the measurement data and processing data, Various information and parameters used for data processing may be stored. Information stored in the reference data storage unit 213 is used to generate transmission determination information.

  The transmission determination information generation unit 204 generates transmission point information indicating points to be transmitted among at least points (values) that can be taken as measurement data as transmission determination information. The transmission determination information generation unit 204 is configured to process the processing data based on the prediction data obtained as a result of predicting the unreceived measurement data and information indicating the values that the processing data stored in the reference data storage unit 213 can take. The transmission point information may be generated by determining a point where accuracy does not satisfy a predetermined condition, that is, a point where processing is difficult. For example, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 obtains each processing data candidate (having a probability equal to or greater than a predetermined value) from the prediction data obtained by predicting points that can be taken within a few hours from the latest measurement data. Processing may be difficult when there are a plurality of processing data candidates. Thereby, for example, it is determined that the processing is difficult near the points where the processing data candidates are dense, and it is determined that the processing is easy near the point where there is only one candidate after processing.

  In addition, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 may generate the following transmission determination information.

  In the following, it is first considered that the transmission device 100 transmits measurement data based on the information value. As a determination method at that time, there is a method of setting a threshold value for the information value and transmitting the measurement data to the management apparatus 200 only when the information value is equal to or greater than the threshold value. However, with this alone, when the information value is gradually increased and when the information value is rapidly increased, the same determination is made when the information value is the same, and neither is transmitted or both are transmitted. Become.

  Taking the current position prediction of the vehicle as an example, a method of calculating the KL distance (Cullback-Roller distance) between the actual value probability distribution and the predicted value probability distribution of the vehicle position and using this as the information value Can be considered. In this case, when the information value gradually increases, the change in the driving status of the vehicle is small, and when the information value suddenly increases, it is possible to drive suddenly, curve, stop, start, etc. High nature. However, the method of judging whether or not to transmit by looking only at the information value of the current measurement data cannot cope with these differences. In order to cope with the above case, it is effective to use the fluctuation range of the information value as an index used for determining the measurement data to be transmitted. That is, measurement data is sent from the transmission device 100 to the management device 200 only when the threshold value is greater than or equal to the threshold value with respect to the fluctuation range of the information value. For this purpose, information (threshold value, conditional expression, etc.) for evaluating the index may be included in the transmission judgment information using the fluctuation range of the information value as the index.

  Here, as one method of obtaining the fluctuation range of the information value, there is a method of obtaining a difference between the information value of the measurement data measured one period before and the information value of the measurement data recently measured. For example, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 has a variation range of the information value obtained from the difference between the information value of the measurement data measured one period before and the information value of the measurement data newly measured, if it is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Transmission determination information indicating that newly measured measurement data should be transmitted may be generated.

  In the present embodiment, the data processing unit 202, for example, information stored in the reference data storage unit 213 with respect to predicted data of received measurement data or unreceived measurement data (information on points that can be processed data). Is used to correct to a point on the predetermined map. The data processing means 202 may select a candidate point from the points that can be taken by the processed data when correcting the measured value indicated by the measured data or the predicted value indicated by the predicted data to a point on the map. . If the data processing unit 202 changes various information and parameters used for data processing, such as the values that can be taken by the processed data, the number of candidates, the number of data used for processing, and the like (various information and parameters). ) Is stored in the reference data storage unit 213.

  The transmission determination information storage unit 211 stores the transmission determination information generated by the transmission determination information generation unit 204. Note that the transmission determination information generation unit 204 may regenerate the transmission determination information when various information and parameters used for data processing stored in the reference data storage unit 213 are changed. For example, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 may update the transmission point information when the points that the processed data can take are changed. In addition, not only the points that can be taken by the processed data, but also various information and parameters used for data processing are changed, transmission judgment information (transmission point information and various thresholds (untransmitted maximum Time))). For example, when receiving an update notification from the data processing unit 202, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 may regenerate the transmission determination information based on the latest information.

  In addition, the data storage unit 212 includes the measurement data received from the transmission device 100, the prediction data obtained by the measurement data prediction unit 203, and correction data that is correction data of the measurement data or the prediction data as processed data. And remember.

  Also, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 divides and notifies the transmission point information of the transmission determination information into information of an appropriate size including the current position of the transmission device 100. The transmission determination information notification unit 201 stores, for example, transmission point information notified to the transmission device 100, and from the stored transmission point information and the measurement data, prediction data, or correction data stored in the data storage unit 212. The timing for notifying the transmission determination information and the range of data to be notified may be determined.

  When the transmission point information is divided and notified, the transmission determination information held by the transmission device 100 needs to be updated as appropriate. As a method for updating this, there are a method in which the transmission determination information notifying unit 201 of the management apparatus 200 determines whether there is an update, and a method in which the transmission determination information requesting unit 105 of the transmission apparatus 100 determines whether there is an update. Note that either one of these methods may be provided, or both may be provided.

  In the present embodiment, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 is realized by, for example, a CPU that is provided in a computer that operates as the management apparatus 200 and that operates according to a program. The reference data storage unit 213 is realized by a storage device provided in a computer that operates as the management device 200, for example. The transmission determination information requesting unit 105 is realized by a CPU that operates according to a program provided in a computer that operates as the transmission device 100, for example.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the management apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment. Note that the same steps as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  First, the operation of the transmission device 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, a transmission determination information update determination operation (step S121) and a transmission determination information request transmission operation (step S122) are added to the operation of the transmission apparatus 100.

  When the transmission determination process (steps S106 to S108) is completed, the transmission determination information request unit 105 is included in the latest measurement data value (current position) and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111. It is compared with the data range of the transmission point information to determine whether or not the transmission determination information needs to be updated (step S121). If it is determined that the update is necessary (Yes in step S121), the transmission determination information request unit 105 transmits a transmission determination information request to the management apparatus 200 (step S122). At this time, the data range of the requested transmission point information may be specified. On the other hand, when it is determined that the update is unnecessary (No in step S121), the process directly returns to step S102.

  Next, the operation of the management apparatus 200 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, a transmission determination information generation operation (step S221) and a transmission information request reception determination operation (step S222) are added to the operation of the management apparatus 200.

  When the initialization process (step S201) is completed, the transmission determination information generation unit 204 generates transmission point information indicating information on points to be transmitted among at least points (values) that can be taken by measurement data as transmission determination information. (Step S221).

  Next, in step S202, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 notifies the transmission apparatus 100 of the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 211. At this time, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 selects the transmission point information that the transmission apparatus 100 needs to hold from the transmission point information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 211 and notifies the transmission point information. Also good.

  Further, in this example, the transmission determination information notification unit 201 transmits the transmission determination information from the transmission apparatus 100 even when it is determined that the update is not necessary in the transmission determination information update determination operation (step S207) (No in step S207). If the request is received (Yes in step S222), the process returns to step S202, and the transmission determination information is notified.

  In step S204, the measurement data prediction unit 203 may predict unreceived measurement data with reference to information on points that the measurement data of the reference data storage unit 213 can take.

  In step S205, the data processing unit 202 corrects the received measurement data or the prediction data of the unreceived measurement data by referring to the information on the points that can be taken by the processing data of the reference data storage unit 213. You may go.

  In addition, as a method for determining the data range of the transmission determination information requested by the transmission device 100 or notified by the management device 200, for example, the information value calculation unit 103 or the measurement data prediction unit 203 may be set to a number as in the first embodiment. A predicted value until after time may be derived, and the data range of the transmission determination information to be requested or notified may be determined so that all transmission point information necessary in the range of the predicted value is included. In addition, all areas that can be taken by measurement data are divided in advance, and one of the divided areas is included so that the latest measurement data or transmission point information in a predetermined area centered on the prediction data is included. Alternatively, the data range of the transmission determination information to be requested or notified may be determined by selecting a plurality of blocks. In addition, for example, when the difference between the measurement data that triggered the transmission of the transmission determination information to the transmission device 100 last time and the latest measurement data is greater than or equal to a certain value, a request or The data range data range of the transmission determination information to be notified may be determined. A method combining the above methods is also possible, and the method is not limited to the described method.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the transmission timing of measurement data can be dynamically adjusted according to the fluctuation range of the information value of measurement data and changes in various information and parameters used for data processing. Therefore, while improving the utilization efficiency of resources such as a network, the management apparatus 200 can maintain the accuracy of data when grasping unreceived measurement data from received measurement data. For example, when the number of processing data candidates for measurement data changes according to the operation of the application, etc., the correction of the processing data candidates for measurement data is dense and one correction candidate follows the change. Since determination of transmission of measurement data can be made different from the case where there is only one, the accuracy of data grasped by the management device can be further improved. Other points are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3. FIG.
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the data collection management system of the present embodiment. The data collection management system shown in FIG. 7 is different from the configuration of the second embodiment in that a measurement apparatus 300 is provided. Further, the measurement apparatus 300 includes a measurement unit 301 instead of the measurement unit 101 of the transmission apparatus 100. Hereinafter, the same means as those in the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the measurement apparatus 300 acquires (generates) measurement data and transmits it to the transmission apparatus 100. The transmission device 100 receives the measurement data transmitted from the measurement device 300, calculates the information value for the received measurement data, determines whether to transmit to the management device 200, and if necessary, the management device The measurement data is transmitted to 200. The operation of the management apparatus 200 is the same as that in the second embodiment.

  The measurement apparatus 300 includes a measurement unit 301 and a communication unit 302.

  Each of these means generally operates as follows. The measuring unit 301 measures the state of the measuring apparatus 300 and the surrounding environment, and acquires measurement data indicating the measurement result. The communication unit 302 transmits the measurement data acquired by the measurement unit 301 to the transmission device 100.

  In the present embodiment, the communication unit 102 of the transmission device 100 receives measurement data transmitted from the measurement device 300 in addition to the operation of the second embodiment.

  Further, the data storage unit 212 stores at least a predetermined number of measurement data received via the communication unit 102 as history information. In addition to the history information, information necessary for calculation of information value and determination of transmission of measurement data (for example, untransmitted duration) may be stored.

  The other operations are the same as those in the second embodiment, except that the transmission apparatus 100 performs a measurement operation or the measurement apparatus 300 performs a measurement operation. FIG. 7 shows an example in which the measurement device 300 is added to the configuration of the second embodiment, but the measurement device 300 can be added to the configuration of the first embodiment. In this case, it is only necessary to make the same changes as in the present embodiment.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the measurement apparatus 300 of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 100 according to the present embodiment. Here, as a method for updating the transmission determination information held by the transmission apparatus 100, the management apparatus 200 of the second embodiment described above controls the update timing and notifies the transmission apparatus 100 of the transmission determination information. Although the method is adopted, it is not limited to this method. For example, the transmission apparatus 100 includes the transmission determination information request unit 105, and the transmission determination information request unit 105 determines whether or not the transmission determination information needs to be updated based on the measurement data received from the measurement apparatus 300. If so, a transmission determination information request may be transmitted to the management apparatus 200. Note that the operation of the management apparatus 200 is the same as that in the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 8, first, the measurement unit 301 of the measurement apparatus 300 determines whether to measure the state of the measurement apparatus 300 or the surrounding environment (step S <b> 301). If it is determined that measurement is to be performed (Yes in step S301), the measurement unit 301 measures the state of the measurement apparatus 300 or the surrounding environment, and acquires measurement data (step S302). On the other hand, if it is determined not to measure (No in step S301), the process returns to step S301 to wait for the next timing.

  When the measurement data is acquired, the communication unit 302 transmits the measurement data to the transmission device 100 (step S303). Thereafter, the process returns to step S301 to wait for the next timing.

  Next, the operation of the transmission device 100 will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the transmission device 100 according to the present embodiment performs a measurement data reception determination operation (step S131) instead of the data measurement operation (step S104). Then, when the measurement data is received, the subsequent operations (operations in steps S105 to S108) are performed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the measurement unit is outside the transmission device 100, the accuracy of data can be improved by using a measurement unit having better performance than that mounted on the transmission device 100, for example. . Moreover, it can also comprise so that the transmission apparatus 100 may operate | move in cooperation with the some measuring apparatus 300 like a vehicle. For example, the transmission apparatus 100 handles the measurement data received from the plurality of measurement apparatuses 300 as a set of data, so that a comprehensive transmission determination is possible. In this case, for example, transmission determination information including conditions using an index obtained by combining measurement data acquired from a plurality of measurement devices 300 from the management device 200 may be notified.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the data collection management system of the present embodiment. The data collection management system of the present embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that the transmission device 100 generates transmission determination information. Specifically, the transmission apparatus 100 can generate the transmission determination information by giving the transmission apparatus 100 information and means necessary for generating the transmission determination information.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the transmission device 100 of this embodiment includes a transmission determination information generation unit 106, a data processing unit 107, and a reference data storage unit 113, as compared with the first to third embodiments. Is different. Note that the management apparatus 200 does not include the transmission determination information notification unit 201. Further, the measuring apparatus 300 may be included in the transmitting apparatus 100. Also in the present embodiment, the same means as those in any of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  These means included in the transmission device 100 according to the fourth embodiment generally operate as follows.

  The reference data storage unit 113 stores the same information as the reference data storage unit 213 described above. Specifically, information on points that can be taken by the measurement data and information on points that can be taken by the processing data in the management apparatus 200 are stored. In addition to the above, the reference data storage unit 113 may store information indicating the characteristics of measurement data and machining data (value range, change width, extreme value, etc.) and the relationship between the measurement data and machining data. Good. Information stored in the reference data storage unit 113 is used by the transmission device 100 to generate transmission determination information.

  The transmission determination information generation unit 106 generates transmission point information indicating points to be transmitted among at least points (values) that can be taken by measurement data as transmission determination information. The transmission determination information generation unit 106 may generate transmission point information by the same method as the transmission determination information generation unit 204 described above.

  The data processing unit 107 is a unit that performs the same processing as the data processing unit 202 included in the management apparatus 200 on the measurement data or the prediction data predicted by the information value calculation unit 103. Note that data may or may not be actually processed. That is, the data processing means 107 is information on points that can be taken by the processing data in the data processing means 202 of the management apparatus 200, characteristics of the processing data (value range, change width, extreme value, etc.), and measurement data and processing data. We just need to be able to acquire the relationship. For example, the data processing unit 107 interacts with the data processing unit 202 of the management apparatus 200 or refers to the reference data storage unit 213 of the management apparatus 200 to obtain information on points that can be processed data, Information indicating characteristics (value range, change width, extreme value, etc.) and the relationship between measurement data and machining data may be acquired and stored in the reference data storage unit 113. That is, in the present embodiment, the reference data storage unit 213 and the data processing unit 202 of the management apparatus 200 and the reference data storage unit 113 and the data processing unit 107 of the transmission apparatus 100 interact to share information.

  In the present embodiment, the data storage unit 112 stores measurement data, prediction data predicted by the information value calculation unit 103, and processing data (correction data) processed by the data processing unit 107.

  As a result, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 of the transmission device 100 determines the points to be transmitted to the management device 200 based on the information stored in the reference data storage unit 113 and the data stored in the data storage unit 112. calculate. Then, the calculated point information is stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 as transmission point information. The transmission determination unit 104 determines whether or not to transmit the newly acquired measurement data to the management apparatus 200 based on this information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111.

  The transmission determination information storage unit 111 stores the transmission determination information (more specifically, transmission point information) generated by the transmission determination information generation unit 106 as master data. At this time, a part of transmission point information obtained by dividing the master data may be stored separately from the master data.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the transmission device 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the management apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment. Here, the operation of the present embodiment will be described using the case where the measurement apparatus 300 is outside the transmission apparatus 100 as an example. However, the transmission apparatus 100 may include the measurement apparatus 300 inside, and the operation related to this is as follows. It is not limited to what has been described. Note that the operation of the measurement apparatus 300 is the same as that in the third embodiment.

  First, the operation of the transmission device 100 will be described. In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, first, the communication unit 102 of the transmission device 100 confirms whether or not measurement data is received from the measurement device 300 (step S131).

  When the measurement data is received, the information value calculation unit 103 calculates the information value of the received measurement data and predicts the measurement data when the measurement data is not predicted, that is, when the measurement data is not received. Prediction data obtained as a result is calculated (steps S105 and S141).

  If no measurement data is received, nothing is done and the process returns to step S131 to wait for the next timing.

  In step S142, the data processing unit 107 generates processed data obtained by processing each of the measurement data and the predicted data obtained in steps S105 and S141.

  The data processing unit 107 stores all or part of the obtained measurement data, prediction data, and processing data in the data storage unit 112 as history information (step S143).

  Next, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 generates transmission determination information (step S144). For example, when the accuracy of the processing data for the obtained prediction data does not satisfy a predetermined condition, or when the processing data for the prediction data is different from the processing data for the measurement data, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 The measurement data from which is obtained may be added to the list of points to be transmitted.

  Next, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 determines whether or not to update the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 (step S145). For example, when a new point is registered in the list, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 may update the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111. In addition, when transmission determination information is divided and registered separately from the master data in the transmission determination information storage unit 111, the coverage of the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 and the latest Are compared with the measured data so that there is no omission in the registered transmission judgment information.

  If it is determined to update, the transmission determination information generation unit 106 updates the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111 (step S146).

  Next, whether the transmission determination unit 104 transmits the obtained measurement data to the management apparatus 200 based on the information value calculated in step S105 and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 111. It is determined whether or not (step S106).

  When it is determined to transmit, the communication unit 102 transmits the measurement data to the management apparatus 200 (step S107). At this time, the data to be transmitted preferably includes measurement data acquired after the last transmission to the management apparatus 200. Further, the communication unit 102 may transmit all or part of the prediction data and the processed data in addition to the measurement data or instead of the measurement data.

  Next, the operation of the management apparatus 200 will be described. In the example illustrated in FIG. 12, first, the reception unit 205 of the management device 200 determines whether or not measurement data has been received from the transmission device 100 (step S203). As described above, in addition to the measurement data or instead of the measurement data, the prediction data and the processed data may be received in whole or in part, but in the following, the case of receiving the measurement data is used as an example. I will explain.

  When measurement data is not received (No in step S203), the measurement data prediction unit 203 uses the data stored in the data storage unit 212 to predict measurement data that has not been received, and calculates prediction data. (Step S204). If measurement data is received, the process proceeds to step S205.

  In step S205, the data processing unit 202 processes the received measurement data or the predicted data of the unreceived measurement data. When processing data is received, the operation may be omitted.

  In step S206, the data storage unit 212 stores data that each unit needs to hold.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the transmission device 100 is configured to include the reference data storage unit, the transmission control information generation unit, and the data processing unit, the transmission determination information is transmitted from the management device 200 to the transmission device 100. The transmission apparatus 100 can determine the measurement data necessary for the management apparatus 200 to interpolate other measurement data from a part of the measurement data without transmitting the data. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the resources spent for transmitting the transmission determination information from the management apparatus 200 to the transmission apparatus 100.

  Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described using a specific example. FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the data collection management system according to the first embodiment. The data collection management system shown in FIG. 13 is a system for managing the positions of a plurality of vehicles (40-a, 40-b,...) By the management server 20. In this system, latitude and longitude information acquired by a GPS sensor mounted on a mobile terminal (10-a, 10-b,...) Placed in each vehicle is collected via the mobile network 50. Thus, the position of the vehicle is grasped. In addition, the method of grasping the position of the vehicle is not limited to this. For example, the GPS sensor mounted on the vehicle, the car navigation device, the position information calculated from the sensor group mounted on the vehicle, and the like. It can also be obtained via a computer placed in the vehicle.

  Moreover, although the example which transmits via the mobile network 50 from a portable terminal as a means to transmit the positional information on a vehicle to the management server 20 is shown, you may replace this with a vehicle-mounted radio | wireless etc.

  The management server 20 corresponds to the management device 200 in the above embodiment. Moreover, portable terminal 10-a, 10-b, ... (henceforth the portable terminal 10 collectively) is equivalent to the transmitter 100 in the said embodiment.

  FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the mobile terminal 10. FIG. 14 shows a configuration example of the mobile terminal 10-a on behalf of the mobile terminal 10, but the configurations of other mobile terminals are basically the same. The portable terminal 10-a includes a GPS sensor 11, a data management unit 12, a Kalman filter 13, a KL distance calculation unit 14, an upload control unit 15, a communication module 16, a position information storage unit 17, a KL distance threshold value. The storage means 18 and the upload essential point storage means 19 are included.

  In this example, the GPS sensor 11 and the data management unit 12 correspond to the measurement unit 101 of the above embodiment. The Kalman filter 13 and the KL distance calculating unit 14 correspond to the information value calculating unit 103 of the above embodiment. The upload control unit 15 corresponds to the transmission determination unit 104 of the above embodiment. The communication module 16 corresponds to the communication unit 102 of the above embodiment. Further, the position information storage unit 17 corresponds to the data storage unit 112 of the above embodiment. Further, the upload required point storage unit 19 corresponds to the transmission determination information storage unit 111 of the above embodiment.

  FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the management server 20. The management server 20 includes a communication module 21, an upload essential point selection unit 22, a reception control unit 23, a time keeper 24, a Kalman filter 25, a map matching processing unit 26, an upload essential point analysis unit 27, and an upload essential point. Storage means 28, position data storage means 29, map data storage means 30, and display device 31 are included. In addition, in this example, the upload essential point storage means 28, the position data storage means 29, and the map data storage means 30 are specifically realized by a database provided in the management server 20.

  In this example, the reception control means 23 and the time keeper 24 correspond to means (such as the reception means 205 in FIG. 10) for receiving measurement data in the management apparatus 200 of the above embodiment. The upload-required point selection unit 22 and the communication module 21 correspond to the transmission determination information notification unit 201 of the above embodiment. The Kalman filter 25 corresponds to the measurement data prediction unit 203 of the above embodiment. Further, the map matching processing unit 26 corresponds to the data processing unit 202 of the above embodiment. Further, the upload essential point analysis unit 27 corresponds to the transmission determination information generation unit 204 of the above embodiment. Further, the upload essential point storage unit 28 and the KL distance threshold storage unit 18 correspond to the transmission determination information storage unit 211 of the above embodiment. Further, the position data storage unit 29 corresponds to the data storage unit 212 of the above embodiment. The map data storage unit 30 corresponds to the reference data storage unit 213 of the above embodiment. In this example, the transmission determination information request unit 105 is omitted.

  The data collection management system of this example operates as follows. First, the GPS sensor 11 of the mobile terminal 10 mounted on the vehicle measures position information regularly or irregularly such as when a specific event occurs. The position information measured here is received by the data management means 12 using a dedicated interface or the like and stored in the position information storage means 17.

  Next, the data management means 12 applies the Kalman filter 13 to the received position information, and is observed before the actual position that is the position information from which the measurement noise is removed and the latest position information enter. A predicted position that is the current position predicted from the position information is calculated. At this time, the actual position and the predicted position are preferably calculated as a probability distribution having an average value and a variance, but this is not a limitation. In this example, the Kalman filter is used to calculate the actual position and the predicted position, but may be replaced with a particle filter (particle filter) or other means.

  Next, the KL distance calculation means 14 calculates the KL distance between the actual position and the predicted position, thereby calculating the information value that is the value of the latest position information measured by the GPS sensor 11 as information. In this example, in order to calculate the information value, the KL distance in the probability distribution between the actual position and the predicted position is used. However, the average value of the average distribution of the probability distribution between the actual position and the predicted position is used. It may be replaced by means.

  Next, the upload control unit 15 determines whether to transmit the acquired position information to the management server 20. The upload control unit 15 determines that the current location (actual position) is to be transmitted if it is included in the upload required point information recorded in the upload required point storage unit 19. Further, the upload control unit 15 may determine that the transmission is performed when the calculated KL distance is larger than the KL distance threshold stored in the KL distance threshold storage unit 18. At this time, if the threshold value of the KL distance fluctuation range is stored in the KL distance threshold value storage unit 18, the upload control unit 15 compares the fluctuation range of the KL distance with the threshold value of the KL distance fluctuation range, thereby It is also possible to determine whether or not to transmit depending on whether the distance between the probability distribution of the position and the predicted position has changed gradually or suddenly. Note that the determination method is not limited to this, and other methods can be substituted or other methods can be added.

  The process of the management server 20 can be broadly divided into a process for displaying the current position of the vehicle on the display device and a process for analyzing the upload-required point.

  First, a process for displaying the current position of the vehicle on the display device will be described. When the management server 20 receives the position information from each mobile terminal 10, the management server 20 removes noise using the Kalman filter 25 and then performs map matching by the map matching processing means 26, and the position data (processing) Data) is used to update the display of the display device 31. On the other hand, when the position information is not received from a certain mobile terminal 10, the management server 20 applies the Kalman filter 25 to the position information received in the past from the mobile terminal 10, and the position information for the unreceived position. Predict. The map matching processing means 26 performs map matching on the predicted position thus obtained, and the display on the display device 31 is updated using the position data (processing data) obtained thereby.

  As the prediction model used by the Kalman filter 25, an αβ model, an αβγ model, and the like are conceivable, but other models can also be used.

  The timing at which the management server 20 determines whether or not the location information has been received may be the location information update timing notified by the time keeper 24 that grasps the current time and the display update cycle.

  The map matching performed by the map matching processing means 26 uses, for example, the map data stored in the database (map data storage means 30) as a list of values that the position information (processed data) in the management server 20 can take. The position of the vehicle is projected onto the road of the map displayed on the display device 31 by selecting a point having the smallest norm between the received position information and the predicted position value predicted by the Kalman filter 25. However, the specific method of the map matching process is not limited to the above method.

  Each of the reception control means 23 and the map matching processing means 26 uses the position information received from the mobile terminal 10, the predicted position (predicted data), and the data obtained by map matching (processed data) as a database (position data). Store in storage means 29).

  Next, processing for analyzing the upload-required points will be described. The upload-required point analysis is performed by the upload-required point analysis unit 27. As a basic method of calculating the upload-required point, there are a method of calculating from map data and a method of calculating from data stored in the position data storage means 29.

  As a method for calculating the upload-required point from the map data, for example, a plurality of position information around the predicted position where the vehicle will travel is randomly generated, and a map matching result of these position information is used. For example, if the map matching result matches the same road, it is determined that it is not an uploading essential point, and if the matching result is divided into two or more roads, it is determined as an uploading essential point. The upload essential point analysis unit 27 registers the information on the upload essential point obtained in this way as the upload essential point information in the database (upload essential point storage unit 28).

  Also, as a method of analyzing the upload required point from the past position data, the position data recorded in the database (position data storage means 29) and map-matched with the position indicated by the position information measured at the portable terminal at the same time And the position data obtained by map-matching the predicted position predicted by the Kalman filter 25, by analyzing whether or not the projected roads are coincident with each other. The position may be determined as an essential upload point. That is, when the processing data from the actual measurement value and the processing data from the predicted value predicted that the actual measurement value has not been received do not match, the actual measurement value and its vicinity are determined as the upload-required points.

  For example, the upload-required point selection unit 22 determines whether or not the upload-required point information should be transmitted to the mobile terminal 10 based on the latest data after map matching in accordance with the timing of updating the display display. When it is determined that the upload-required point information should be transmitted, the upload-required point selection unit 22 selects a part of the upload-required point information registered in the database (upload-required point storage unit 28) and sends it to the mobile terminal 10. Notice. At this time, the area (data range) notified to the mobile terminal is recorded in the database.

  In the above, an example in which position information is collected and managed as measurement data has been shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, measurement data can be predicted by some method such as using past data, prediction models, and additional information, and the measurement data or its prediction data is used after being processed. In such a case, the present technology can be used for general purposes.

  Next, the outline of the present invention will be described. FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an outline of a data collection management system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16, the data collection management system according to the present invention includes a transmission device 600 that transmits measurement data, and a management device 500 that is connected to the transmission device 600 via a network 700.

  The management apparatus 500 includes a transmission determination information notification unit 501, a measurement data prediction unit 502, a data processing unit 503, and a data storage unit 504.

  The transmission determination information notification unit 501 (for example, transmission determination information notification unit 201) notifies the transmission device 600 of transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted to the management device 500.

  The measurement data prediction unit 502 (for example, the measurement data prediction unit 203) predicts unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmission device 600.

  The data processing unit 503 (for example, the data processing unit 202) processes the measurement data received from the transmission device 600 or the prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction unit 502.

  The data storage unit 504 (for example, the data storage unit 212) stores all or a part of the measurement data received from the transmission device 600, the prediction data, and the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing unit 503.

  The transmission device 600 includes a measurement data acquisition unit 601, a communication unit 602, an information value calculation unit 603, a transmission determination information storage unit 604, and a transmission determination unit 605.

  The measurement data acquisition unit 601 (for example, the measurement unit 101 or the communication unit 102) acquires measurement data.

  The communication unit 602 (for example, the communication unit 102) transmits measurement data to the management apparatus 500.

  Information value calculation means 603 (for example, information value calculation means 103) calculates the information value of the acquired measurement data.

  The transmission determination information storage unit 604 (for example, the transmission determination information storage unit 111) stores the transmission determination information notified from the management device 500.

  The transmission determination unit 605 (for example, the transmission determination unit 104) obtains the acquired measurement data based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit 603 and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit 604. Whether to transmit to the management apparatus 500 is determined.

  Because it has such a characteristic element, for example, by specifying an index that is difficult to judge only by the transmitting device, such as evaluation of the fluctuation range of the information value of the measurement data and difficulty in processing the predicted data, in the transmission judgment information Since the transmission timing of the measurement data can be adjusted in accordance with such transmission determination information, the management device 200 can improve the utilization efficiency of resources such as the network, and the measurement data not received from the received measurement data can be improved. It is possible to maintain the accuracy of data when grasping.

  Note that the transmission judgment information indicates that the accuracy of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means with respect to the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the management device does not receive the measurement data is a predetermined condition. Information that specifies measurement data that does not satisfy the condition as measurement data to be transmitted to the management apparatus may be included.

  The transmission determination information includes transmission point information indicating the value of measurement data to be transmitted to the management apparatus, and information value evaluation information for evaluating the information value calculated by the information value calculation means (for example, conditions regarding the information value fluctuation range, etc. ) May be included.

  The management apparatus also includes transmission determination information generation means (for example, transmission determination information generation means 204) for generating transmission determination information, and reference data storage means (for example, processing point information indicating values that can be processed data). Reference data storage means 213), and the transmission judgment information generation means includes prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the measurement data is not received, and processing points stored in the reference data storage means The transmission point information may be generated based on the information.

  Further, the data processing unit 503 may dynamically change the number of past data used when processing data.

  Further, the data collection management system according to the present invention may be configured as shown in FIG. 17, for example. The data collection management system shown in FIG. 17 is different from the configuration shown in FIG. 16 in that the transmission determination information notification unit 501 is omitted from the management device 500, and the transmission device 600 further includes a transmission determination information generation unit 606. And the second data processing means 607 and the reference data storage means 608 are included.

  The transmission determination information generation unit 606 (for example, the transmission determination information generation unit 106) generates transmission determination information.

  The second data processing unit 607 (for example, the data processing unit 107) performs the same processing as the data processing unit 503.

  The reference data storage unit 608 (for example, the reference data storage unit 113) stores processing point information indicating values that can be taken by the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the second data processing unit 607.

  In such a configuration, the transmission determination information generation unit 606 is stored in the reference data storage unit 608 and the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the management apparatus 500 does not receive the measurement data. Based on the processing point information, when the management device 500 does not receive the measurement data, the accuracy of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means is predetermined with respect to the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data. Transmission point information including information specifying measurement data that does not satisfy the above condition as measurement data to be transmitted to the management apparatus 500 may be generated.

  According to such a configuration, consumption of resources for notification of transmission determination information is also suppressed, so that the management apparatus 200 can improve the utilization efficiency of resources such as a network and can perform measurement that has not been received from received measurement data. The accuracy of the data when grasping the data can be maintained.

  In the configurations of FIGS. 16 and 17, the transmission determination information may include environment evaluation information for evaluating the surrounding environment at the time of obtaining the measurement data.

  Further, the transmission determination information may include information for evaluating measurement data to be transmitted based on an index related to a change tendency of the information value of the measurement data.

  Further, the transmission determination information notifying unit may select a data range of the transmission determination information based on the latest measurement data or predicted data thereof and notify the transmission apparatus of the data range.

  The transmission determination information notifying means is based on the measurement data received from the transmission device and the data range of the transmission determination information notified to the previous transmission device, the data range of the transmission determination information notified to the transmission device, the notification timing, May be determined.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated with reference to embodiment and an Example, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment and Example. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

  Moreover, although a part or all of said embodiment can be described also as the following additional remarks, it is not restricted to the following.

(Appendix 1)
A management device connected via a network to a mobile terminal that transmits data indicating the current position as measurement data, receiving means for receiving measurement data transmitted by the mobile terminal, and storing measurement data received from the mobile terminal Data storage means, correction means for correcting specified data based on a policy, prediction means for predicting measurement data of a mobile terminal, and transmission point information indicating a value of measurement data to be transmitted by the mobile terminal A management apparatus comprising: transmission determination information notifying means for notifying the mobile terminal of transmission determination information; and transmission point information generating means for generating transmission point information based on map data providing road network information.

  The present invention can be suitably applied to uses such as displaying positional information of a plurality of vehicles on a map in real time.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Transmission apparatus 101 Measuring means 102 Communication means 103 Information value calculation means 104 Transmission judgment means 105 Transmission judgment information request means 106 Transmission judgment information generation means 107 Data processing means 111 Transmission judgment information storage means 112 Data storage means 113 Reference data storage means 200 Management device 201 Transmission determination information notification unit 202 Data processing unit 203 Measurement data prediction unit 204 Transmission determination information generation unit 205 Reception unit 211 Transmission determination information storage unit 212 Data storage unit 213 Reference data storage unit 300 Measurement device 301 Measurement unit 302 Communication unit 500 Management Device 501 Transmission Determination Information Notification Unit 502 Measurement Data Prediction Unit 503 Data Processing Unit 504 Data Storage Unit 600 Transmitting Device 601 Measurement Data Acquisition Unit 602 Communication Unit 603 Information Value calculation means 604 transmission judgment information storage means 605 transmission judgment means 606 transmission judgment information generation means 607 second data processing means 608 reference data storage means 700 network 50 mobile network 40-a, 40-b vehicle 10-a, 10-b , 10 Mobile terminal 11 GPS sensor 12 Data management means 13 Kalman filter 14 KL distance calculation means 15 Upload control means 16 Communication module 17 Location information storage means 18 KL distance threshold storage means 19 Upload required point storage means 20 Management server 21 Communication module 22 Upload Essential point selection means 23 Reception control means 24 Timekeeper 25 Kalman filter 26 Map matching processing means 27 Upload essential point analysis means 28 Upload essential point storage means 2 Position data storage means 30 map data storage unit 31 display unit

Claims (10)

A transmission device for transmitting measurement data, and a management device connected to the transmission device via a network,
The management device
Transmission determination information notification means for notifying the transmission device of transmission determination information including information specifying measurement data to be transmitted to the management device;
Measurement data prediction means for predicting unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmission device;
Data processing means for processing the measurement data received from the transmission device, or the prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction means;
Data storage means for storing all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means;
The transmitter is
Measurement data acquisition means for acquiring measurement data;
Communication means for transmitting the measurement data to the management device;
An information value calculation means for calculating the information value of the acquired measurement data;
Transmission determination information storage means for storing transmission determination information notified from the management device;
A transmission determination for determining whether or not to transmit the acquired measurement data to the management device based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit A data collection management system comprising: means. The transmission judgment information indicates that the accuracy of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means satisfies the predetermined condition with respect to the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the management device does not receive the measurement data The data collection management system according to claim 1, comprising information that specifies measurement data not to be transmitted as measurement data to be transmitted to the management device. The transmission determination information includes transmission point information indicating a value of measurement data to be transmitted to the management apparatus, and information value evaluation information for evaluating the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit. Data collection management system. The management device
Transmission determination information generating means for generating transmission determination information;
Reference data storage means for storing processing point information indicating values that can be processed data,
The transmission judgment information generating means is based on prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when measurement data is not received, and processing point information stored in the reference data storage means. The data collection management system according to claim 3 which generates information. The data collection management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the data processing means dynamically changes the number of past data used when processing the data. A transmission device for transmitting measurement data, and a management device connected to the transmission device via a network,
The management device
Measurement data prediction means for predicting unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmission device;
Data processing means for processing the measurement data received from the transmission device, or the prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction means;
Data storage means for storing all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means;
The transmitter is
Measurement data acquisition means for acquiring measurement data;
Communication means for transmitting the measurement data to the management device;
An information value calculation means for calculating the information value of the acquired measurement data;
Transmission determination information storage means for storing transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted to the management device;
A transmission determination for determining whether or not to transmit the acquired measurement data to the management device based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit Means,
Transmission determination information generating means for generating the transmission determination information;
Second data processing means for performing processing similar to the data processing means;
Reference data storage means for storing processing point information indicating possible values of processing data obtained as a result of processing by the second data processing means,
The transmission determination information generation means is based on prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the management device does not receive measurement data, and processing point information stored in the reference data storage means The accuracy of the processing data obtained as a result of processing by the data processing means with respect to the prediction data obtained by predicting the measurement data when the management device does not receive the measurement data does not satisfy a predetermined condition A data collection management system characterized by generating transmission point information including information specifying measurement data as measurement data to be transmitted to the management device. Measurement data acquisition means for acquiring measurement data;
Communication means for transmitting the measurement data to a predetermined management device;
An information value calculation means for calculating the information value of the acquired measurement data;
Transmission determination information storage means for storing transmission determination information notified from the management device;
A transmission determination for determining whether or not to transmit the acquired measurement data to the management device based on the information value calculated by the information value calculation unit and the transmission determination information stored in the transmission determination information storage unit And a transmission device. A management device that receives measurement data from a transmission device connected via a network,
Transmission determination information notification means for notifying the transmission device of transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted by the transmission device;
Measurement data prediction means for predicting unreceived measurement data using the measurement data received from the transmission device;
Data processing means for processing the measurement data received from the transmission device, or the prediction data of unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of prediction by the measurement data prediction means;
A management apparatus comprising: data storage means for storing all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission apparatus, the prediction data, and the processed data obtained as a result of the processing by the data processing means. The management apparatus notifies the transmission apparatus that transmits the measurement data to the management apparatus, the transmission determination information including information for specifying the measurement data to be transmitted,
The transmission device stores transmission determination information notified from the management device,
The transmitter calculates the information value of the acquired measurement data,
When the transmission device determines whether or not to transmit the acquired measurement data to the management device based on the calculated information value and the stored transmission determination information, and determines not to transmit Foregoing transmission of the measurement data,
The management device predicts unreceived measurement data when measurement data is not received,
The management device processes the received measurement data or the prediction data of the unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of the prediction,
The data collection management method, wherein the management device stores all or part of the measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and the machining data obtained as a result of the machining. To a computer that receives measurement data from a transmitter connected via a network,
A process for notifying the transmission apparatus of transmission determination information including information for specifying measurement data to be transmitted by the transmission apparatus;
Using the measurement data received from the transmitter, a process for predicting unreceived measurement data,
Processing for processing measurement data received from the transmission device or prediction data for unreceived measurement data obtained as a result of the prediction, and measurement data received from the transmission device, the prediction data, and a result of the processing A data collection and management program for executing processing for storing all or part of the processed data in a predetermined storage device.

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