JP2016023652A - Damper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To brake a movement member reciprocating along an axis with brake force having hysteresis characteristics while absorbing shaft deflection of the movement member.SOLUTION: A damper 100 includes a cylindrical case 10, a plurality of sliders 2 radially arranged in the case 10 movably in a radial direction of the case 10 and slidably supporting tapered side surfaces 441-446 of a push rod 4, and an O ring 30 interposed between an inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and an outer side surface 26a of the sliders 2 and energizing the sliders 2 to an axis O of the push rod 4. Accordingly, the push rod 4 is braked by brake force having hysteresis characteristics while absorbing shaft deflection of the push rod 4 moving along the axis O.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a linear motion type friction mechanism having hysteresis characteristics, and more particularly to a damper suitable for braking a moving member that tilts while moving linearly, such as a push rod of a brake actuator that assists a driver to step on a pedal.

  In Patent Document 1, using a hysteresis characteristic of a damper including a pair of cams, an appropriate load is applied to the depression of the accelerator pedal, and the driver's foot when the accelerator pedal is held at a substantially constant position. An accelerator pedal unit that reduces this burden is described.

  In this accelerator pedal unit, the rotation of the accelerator pedal arm is transmitted to the rotation shaft of the damper via a transmission mechanism composed of a link member or the like, whereby the bidirectional rotation of the accelerator pedal arm is braked. Specifically, one end of the link member is fixed to the rotation shaft of the damper so that the rotation shaft of the damper is rotated by the rotation of the link member. On the other hand, an engaging member is fixed to the accelerator pedal arm at the opposite end of the accelerator pedal across the rotation axis of the accelerator pedal arm, and the engaging member is slidably held by the link member. As a result, when the accelerator pedal arm rotates, the rotation shaft of the damper rotates in the rotation direction corresponding to the rotation direction of the accelerator pedal arm via the link member, and an appropriate load is applied when the accelerator pedal is depressed due to the hysteresis characteristic of the damper. When the accelerator pedal is returned, the load is reduced (paragraphs 0071 to 0084, FIGS. 13 to 19 etc.).

JP 2002-12052 A

  By the way, in an automobile brake or the like, if an attempt is made to realize a pedal operation feeling that a moderate load is applied to the driver's foot when the pedal is depressed while the load on the driver's foot is reduced while the pedal is held, It is necessary to mount a special brake pedal unit that incorporates a damper similar to that of the accelerator pedal unit of the car. For example, any general-purpose brake pedal arm can be selected as long as it can provide the brake pedal arm with a load having hysteresis characteristics according to the required pedal operation feeling from the push rod side of the brake actuator that assists the driver's pedal depression. By simply connecting to the push rod, the required pedal operation feeling can be stably realized.

  However, since the damper incorporated in the conventional accelerator pedal unit brakes the bi-directional rotation of the accelerator pedal arm, it cannot be directly applied to the braking of a linear member such as a push rod of a brake actuator. Have difficulty. In addition, since a shaft runout (vibration in a direction inclined with respect to the axis of the brake cylinder) occurs in the push rod connected to the brake pedal arm by a clevis joint, a damper that brakes such a push rod includes: It is required to stably exhibit the hysteresis characteristics corresponding to the required pedal operation feeling while absorbing the shaft deflection of the push rod.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a damper that absorbs shaft runout of a moving member that reciprocates along an axis while braking the moving member with a load having hysteresis characteristics. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, an inclined surface with respect to the axis is formed on the moving member that reciprocates along the axis, and the inclined surface is separated from the axis of the moving member and the moving member. The slider is supported by the sliding surface of the slider that can move in the direction approaching the axis, and the slider is attached in the direction toward the axis of the moving member with an elastic force corresponding to the amount of displacement of the slider relative to the axis of the moving member. By providing the elastic body to be urged, the slider follows the inclined surface of the moving member and moves in a direction away from the axis of the moving member or a direction approaching the axis of the moving member.

For example, the damper according to the present invention is
A moving member having an inclined surface with respect to the axis is inserted along the axis of the moving member, and a cylindrical case surrounding the inclined surface around the axis;
A plurality of positions surrounding the moving member around the axis, the sliding member being arranged between the inclined surface of the moving member and the inner wall surface of the case, and facing the inclined surface of the moving member, The inclined surface of the case is supported so as to be reciprocally movable along the axis, and when the moving member reciprocates along the axis, sliding contact between the inclined surface and the sliding surface causes A plurality of sliders moving in a direction away from the inner wall surface and a direction approaching the inner wall surface of the case;
A first elastic body that is interposed between the inner wall surface of the case and the plurality of sliders and biases the plurality of sliders so as to press the sliding surfaces of the plurality of sliders against the inclined surface of the moving member. And comprising.

  According to the present invention, the inclined surface of the moving member is supported by the sliding surface of the slider that is movable in the direction away from the axis of the moving member and in the direction of approaching the axis of the moving member. Since the elastic member is pressed against the inclined surface of the moving member with an elastic force corresponding to the amount of displacement with respect to the shaft center, the moving member can absorb the axial deflection of the moving member with the elastic force, and the moving member is inclined with respect to the inclined surface of the moving member. Due to the frictional force generated between the slider and the sliding surface of the slider, braking forces (loads having hysteresis characteristics) having different magnitudes can be obtained in the forward path and the return path of the moving member.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a brake pedal is attached to a push rod 4 of an electric brake actuator in which a damper 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. 2A is an axial cross-sectional view of the damper 100 that supports the push rod 4 before the brake pedal is depressed, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 2C is a view for explaining the positional relationship between the case 10 and the slider 2 in the damper 100 before the brake pedal is depressed. 3A is a front view of the push rod 4, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are a BB sectional view and a CC sectional view of FIG. 4 (D) is a right side view of the push rod 4. 4A is a perspective view showing the appearance of the combined state of the slider 2, and FIG. 4B is an external view of the slider 2, and FIG. 4C, FIG. 4D, and FIG. 4E, 4F, and 4G are a plan view, a left side view, a front view, a right side view, and a bottom view of the slider 2, respectively. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the damper 100 when the brake pedal is depressed, FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along DD of FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5C is a brake pedal. It is a figure for demonstrating the positional relationship of the case 10 and the slider 2 at the time of stepping on. FIGS. 6A, 6 </ b> B, and 6 </ b> C are diagrams for explaining another structural example of the damper 100. FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are diagrams for explaining another structural example of the damper 100. FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of sliders 2A each having a block-shaped rubber 31 attached as the elastic body 3 are radially arranged. FIG. 8B is an external view of the slider 2A. 8C, FIG. 8D, FIG. 8E, FIG. 8F, and FIG. 8G are a plan view, a left side view, a front view, a right side view, and a right side view of the slider 2A. It is a bottom view.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, the damper 100 incorporated in the electric brake actuator that assists the depression of the brake pedal is taken as an example.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a state in which a brake pedal is attached to a push rod 4 of an electric brake actuator in which a damper 100 according to the present embodiment is incorporated. 2A is an axial cross-sectional view of the damper 100 that supports the push rod 4 before the brake pedal is depressed, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. is there.

  As shown in the figure, the damper 100 according to the present embodiment supports a push rod 4 that transmits a pedal force received by a brake pedal to a piston in a brake cylinder so as to be reciprocally movable along its axis O. A housing 1 having rod insertion ports 12 and 13 for inserting the push rod 4, a direction away from the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1 (inner wall surface 104 of the case 10), and an inner peripheral surface of the housing 1. A plurality of sliders 2 that are radially arranged in the interior (cylindrical chamber) 105 of the housing 1 so as to be movable in the approaching direction and support the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the push rod 4, and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 1 (the inner wall surface of the case 10) 104) and the outer surface 26a of each slider 2, and the housing 1 faces the axis O of the housing 1 (the axis of the push rod 4) O. Comprises an elastic body 3 for urging the plurality of the slider 2 in the direction (radial direction of the case 10), the. The elastic body 3 only needs to be able to bias the slider 2 in the radial direction of the housing 1 (the radial direction of the case 10) toward the axis O of the housing 1, but in the present embodiment, The case where the two O-rings 30 are provided as the elastic body 3 is illustrated.

  By incorporating the damper 100 having such a structure in the electric brake actuator, the shaft runout (vibration in a direction inclined with respect to the axis O) generated in the push rod 4 connected to the brake pedal arm 60 by the clevis joint 61 is prevented. While absorbing, the push rod 4 that reciprocates along the axis O according to the depression amount of the brake pedal can be braked with a braking force having a hysteresis characteristic corresponding to the required pedal operation feeling. Hereinafter, the push rod 4 to be braked and the components 1 to 3 of the damper 100 that supports the push rod 4 will be described in detail.

  First, the push rod 4 to be braked will be described.

  3A is a front view of the push rod 4, and FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C are a BB cross-sectional view and a CC cross-sectional view of FIG. 3A.

  As shown in the figure, the push rod 4 slides along the axis O in order from one end face 41 side by a piston drive unit 43 that drives a piston in a brake cylinder of the electric brake actuator, and a slider 2 of the damper 100. A tapered shaft portion 44 having side surfaces 441 to 446 that can be supported and a pedal arm coupling portion 45 to which the brake pedal arm 60 is coupled are formed.

  The piston drive unit 43 protrudes from the rod insertion port 102 of the housing 1 to the outside of the housing 1 (outside the cylindrical chamber 105) toward the rear end surface of the piston in the brake cylinder. When the push rod 4 moves (advances) toward the brake cylinder by the depression force of the brake pedal, the front end surface 41 (one end surface of the push rod 4) 41 of the piston drive unit 43 is abutted against the rear end surface of the piston and Moves forward in the brake cylinder. In addition, this piston drive part 43 should just have arbitrary shapes (for example, cylindrical shape) suitable for butting to the piston rear-end surface in a brake cylinder.

  The tapered shaft portion 44 is inserted into the housing (cylindrical chamber 105) via the rod insertion ports 102 and 112 of the housing 1, and a partial section having a predetermined length is arranged around the axis O of the housing 1. It is surrounded by an inner peripheral surface (inner peripheral surface of the case 10) 104. The tapered shaft portion 44 has a so-called frustum shape that is longer in the direction of the axis O than the maximum stroke of the push rod 4. In the present embodiment, as an example, the push rod 4 having a truncated pyramid-shaped tapered shaft portion 44 having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape is used. In such a truncated cone-shaped tapered shaft portion 44, each side surface 441 to 446 has a direction along the axis O such that the distance D between the side surface 441 to 446 and the axis O decreases as the piston drive unit 43 is approached. It is inclined with respect to. As will be described later, in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1, the plurality of sliders 2 are pressed one by one against the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 by the elastic force of the two O-rings 30. When the push rod 4 reciprocates along the axis O, the push rod 4 slides in contact with the side surfaces 441 to 446 while moving away from the axis O of the push rod 4 (direction approaching the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10) and push. It reciprocates in a direction approaching the axis O of the rod 4 (a direction away from the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10).

  The pedal arm connecting portion 45 protrudes to the outside of the housing 1 (outside of the cylindrical chamber 105) from the rod insertion port 14 of the housing 1 toward the opposite side to the piston driving portion 43. The pedal arm connecting portion 45 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and a clevis joint 61 that rotatably holds the brake pedal arm 60 is fixed to an end surface (the other end surface of the push rod 4) 42. A screw hole 451 is formed. For example, the brake pedal arm 60 is rotatably connected to the push rod 4 by screwing a bolt 63 fixed to the clevis joint 61 with a nut 64 into the screw hole 451 and fastening the bolt 63 and the nut 65. (See FIG. 1). Thus, when the brake pedal arm 60 rotates in both directions around the rotation shaft 62, the push rod 4 reciprocates along the axis O in conjunction with the brake pedal arm 60.

  Next, details of the components 1 to 3 of the damper 100 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the housing 1 includes a case 10 that houses a plurality of sliders 2 and two O-rings 30, and a cover 11 that closes the opening 103 of the case 10.

  The case 10 has a bottomed cylinder that is shorter than the length L in the axial center O direction of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 so as to surround a part of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 in the length direction. The screw portion 106 is formed on the inner periphery of the opening 103. On the other hand, the cover 11 has a disk shape, and a screw portion 111 fastened to a screw portion 106 formed on the inner periphery of the opening 103 of the case 10 is formed on the outer peripheral surface 110 thereof. By attaching the cover 11 to the opening 103 of the case 10 and fastening the screw portion 111 of the outer peripheral surface 110 of the cover 11 and the screw portion 106 of the opening 103 of the case 10, A chamber (cylindrical chamber) 105 surrounded by the bottom surface 101 of the case 10 and the cylindrical inner wall surface 104 is formed. The plurality of sliders 2 are accommodated in the cylindrical chamber 105 and are arranged at substantially equal angular intervals around the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 so as to surround the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 as described later. The

  Further, in the central region of the bottom surface 101 of the case 10, the piston driving portion 43 of the push rod 4 is formed as a through hole that becomes one rod insertion port 12 of the housing 1 at a position where the axial center O of the cylindrical chamber 105 passes. A through hole 102 having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter R1 is formed. Similarly, the center region of the cover 11 also has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter R2 of the pedal arm connecting portion 45 as the other rod insertion port 13 of the housing 1 at a position where the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 passes. A through hole 112 is formed.

  4A is a perspective view showing the appearance of the combined state of the slider 2, FIG. 4B is an external view of the slider 2, and FIGS. 4C, 4D, and 4E. 4F and 4G are a plan view, a left side view, a front view, a right side view and a bottom view of the slider 2, respectively.

  The cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 accommodates the same number (six in this embodiment) of sliders 2 as the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44. These sliders 2 are radially arranged around the axis O of the push rod 4 at almost equal angles. In the initial state of the damper 100, the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 are arranged. Each is positioned at an initial position (one limit position of the movable range of the slider 2 relative to the push rod 4, for example, the position of the slider 2 in FIG. 3A).

  Each of the sliders 2 is opposed to the axis O of the push rod 4 (the axis of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1) as a surface facing the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 on which the slider 2 is positioned. A flat sliding surface 21 inclined substantially at the same angle as the side surfaces 441 to 446 is formed. These sliding surfaces 21 are in surface contact with the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the opposed tapered shaft portion 44 to support the push rod 4 so as to be capable of reciprocating along the axis O.

  When the six sliders 2 are radially combined so that the sliding surfaces 21 of the six sliders 2 surround the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1, these six sliders 2 are larger than the inner diameter R 4 of the case 10. A cylindrical body 29 having a small outer diameter R5 is formed. That is, each slider 2 has a block shape in which such a cylindrical body 29 is cut into six around the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 at substantially equal angular intervals.

  When these sliders 2 are arranged radially in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 so that the six sliders 2 constitute such a cylindrical body 29, the cylindrical surface convex surfaces (adjacent sliders) of the respective sliders 2 are provided. Between the inner surface 104 of the case 10 and the outer diameter R5 of the cylindrical body 29 between the convex surface of the cylindrical body 29 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. A corresponding gap D (see FIG. 2C) is formed. In the following, the convex surface 26a of the slider 2 is referred to as the outer surface 26a of the slider 2, and when adjacent to the outer surface 26a and the six sliders 2 are arranged radially, they contact the adjacent slider 2. The flat surfaces 27 and 28 that extend in the radial direction of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 (surfaces corresponding to the cut surfaces when the cylindrical body 29 is cut into six radial shapes) 27 and 28 are referred to as side surfaces 27 and 28 of the slider 2.

  In the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1, each of the six sliders 2 has a distance corresponding to the gap D between the outer surface 26 a and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 to the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1. The reciprocation can be performed individually in the approaching direction and in the direction away from the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 (for example, the radial direction of the case 10). As will be described later, in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1, the two O-rings 30 are two of the outer surfaces 26 a of the six sliders 2 arranged radially so as to surround the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4. Are respectively accommodated in the grooves 22a and 22b (two grooves 22A and 22B of the outer peripheral surface 291 of the cylindrical body 29), and the sliding surfaces 21 of the respective sliders 2 are pressed against the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44. Thus, the six sliders 2 are biased toward the axis O of the push rod 4. For this reason, when the push rod 4 reciprocates along the axis O, the six sliders 2 are in sliding contact with the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4. Then, it reciprocates in a direction approaching the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 and a direction away from the axis O of the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 (for example, the radial direction of the case 10).

  Further, two grooves 22 a and 22 b are formed in the outer surface 26 a of each slider 2 along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. These grooves 22a and 22b are opened on the side surfaces 27 and 28 on both sides of the slider 2. When the six sliders 2 are combined radially, the grooves 22a and 22b on the outer surface 26a of the adjacent sliders 2 are mutually connected. Link. For this reason, two circumferential grooves 22 </ b> A and 22 </ b> B are formed on the outer peripheral surface 291 of the cylindrical body 29 constituted by the six sliders 2. The two O-rings 30 are respectively fitted into the grooves 22A and 22B formed when the six sliders 2 are radially arranged so as to surround the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4. .

  The two O-rings 30 are respectively formed on the groove bottoms 221a and 221b of the grooves 22a and 22b of the outer surface 26a of the slider 2 disposed at the initial positions of the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4. The wire diameter is larger than the distance between the ten inner wall surfaces 104. For this reason, in the initial state of the damper 100, the two O-rings 30 protrude from the grooves 22a and 22b of the outer surface 26a of each slider 2, and the groove bottoms 221a and 221b of the respective grooves 22a and 22b and the case 10 When the push rod 4 is compressed (preloaded) with the inner wall surface 104, the groove bottoms 221 a and 221 b of the outer surface 26 a of each slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 are It is further compressed. As a result, the six sliders 2 are urged toward the axis O of the push rod 4 by an elastic force corresponding to the amount of displacement in the direction away from the axis O of the push rod 4.

  Such a damper 100 is assembled | attached to the push rod 4 with the following procedures, for example, and is integrated in an electric brake actuator.

  One slider 2 is disposed on each of the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 so that the sliding surface 21 of the slider 2 contacts the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44. Here, the position of the slider 2 with respect to the push rod 4 is adjusted so that each slider 2 is located at, for example, the initial position on the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44. Thus, when the six sliders 2 constitute the cylindrical body 29 (FIG. 4A) surrounding the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4, two grooves 22A and 22B on the outer peripheral surface 291 of the cylindrical body 29 are formed. Fit the O-ring 30 into each. Thereby, since the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 and the six sliders 2 are bundled by the two O-rings 30, they can be handled as a unit.

  All the sliders are placed on the bottom surface 101 of the case 10 while the push rod 4 is inserted into the through hole 102 of the bottom surface 101 of the case 10 from the inside of the case 10 so that the piston drive part 43 of the push rod 4 protrudes to the outside of the case 10. The cylindrical body 29 on which the two O-rings 30 are mounted is press-fitted into the case 10 until the bottom surface 25 of the two contacts. The distance between the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the groove bottoms 221A and 221B of the grooves 22A and 22B of the outer peripheral surface 291 of the cylindrical body 29 (the groove bottoms 221a and 221b of the grooves 22a and 22b of each slider 2) is the line of the O-ring 30. Since it is narrower than the diameter, the O-ring 30 fitted into the two grooves 22A and 22B of the outer peripheral surface 291 of the cylindrical body 29 is connected to the groove bottoms 221A and 221B of the grooves 22A and 22B, the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and Therefore, it is slightly compressed (preloaded). A gap D corresponding to ½ of the difference between the inner diameter R4 of the case 10 and the outer diameter R5 of the cylindrical body 29 is formed between the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the outer surface 26a of each slider 2. Has been.

  Thereafter, the cover 11 is attached to the opening 103 of the case 10 while the push rod 4 is inserted into the through hole 112 of the cover 11 so that the pedal arm connecting portion 45 of the push rod 4 protrudes toward the surface 114 side of the cover 11. Then, the screw portion 111 of the outer peripheral surface 110 of the cover 11 is fastened to the screw portion 106 of the opening 103 of the case 10 until the back surface 113 of the cover 11 contacts the upper surfaces 24 of the plurality of sliders 2. As a result, the six sliders 2 sealed in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 are sandwiched between the back surface 113 of the cover 11 and the bottom surface 101 of the case 10 (see FIG. 2A). Movement in the direction along the axis O is restricted.

  After the damper 100 is assembled to the push rod 4 in this way, the damper 100 is attached to the electric brake actuator so that the front end surface 41 of the piston drive portion 43 of the push rod 4 faces the piston rear end surface in the brake cylinder. For example, it is fixed to the housing. Thereby, the damper 100 which supported the push rod 4 so that a reciprocation is possible along the axial center O is integrated in an electric brake actuator.

  Next, the operation of the damper 100 incorporated in the electric brake actuator will be described. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the state of the damper 100 when the brake pedal is depressed. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the damper 100 when the brake pedal is depressed, and FIG. FIG. 5A is a sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5C is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the case 10 and the slider 2 when the brake pedal is depressed.

  In the initial state of the damper 100, in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1, each of the six sliders 2 is positioned at the initial position, and is attached toward the axis O of the push rod 4 by the two preloaded O-rings 30. (See FIGS. 2A and 2B). Here, when the driver depresses the brake pedal and the brake pedal arm 60 rotates around the rotation shaft 62 in a predetermined direction, the push rod 4 is interlocked with the brake pedal arm 60 as shown in FIG. It moves from the initial position in the direction α toward the brake cylinder (not shown). In the following, movement in the direction α toward the brake cylinder (not shown) is called forward, and movement in the direction away from the brake cylinder (not shown) (reverse to the direction α) β is called backward.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 5B, the six sliders 2 urged toward the axis O of the push rod 4 by the two O-rings are respectively tapered of the push rod 4 that is moving forward. The sliding surface 21 slides on the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the attached shaft portion 44 while sliding in a direction away from the axis O of the push rod 4 (a direction approaching the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10). As a result, as shown in FIG. 5C, the gap D between the outer surface 26 a of each slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 gradually decreases, and the outer surface 26 a of each slider 2. The two O-rings 30 are further compressed by the groove bottoms 221 a and 221 b of the grooves 22 a and 22 b and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. For this reason, the sliding surfaces 21 of the respective sliders 2 are more strongly pressed against the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 by the elastic force of the two O-rings 30, so The frictional force between the moving surface 21 and the side surfaces 441 to 446 gradually increases. That is, as the push rod 4 moves forward, the frictional force that prevents the push rod 4 from moving forward gradually increases. Since the push rod 4 is braked by the braking force generated by such frictional resistance, an appropriate load corresponding to the depression amount of the brake pedal is applied to the foot of the driver who depresses the brake pedal (the drive source of the push rod 4). Given.

  During this time, even if axial vibration (vibration in a direction inclined with respect to the axis O) occurs in the push rod 4 connected to the brake pedal arm 60 that rotates around the rotation shaft 62 by the clevis joint 61, the push rod 4 The six sliders 2 supporting the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 are compressed toward the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 while appropriately compressing the two O-rings according to the posture of the push rod 4. For example, it slides in the radial direction of the case 10. For this reason, the shaft runout of the push rod 4 is absorbed by the elastic force of the two O-rings 30, and the push rod 4 can be guided along the axis O in an appropriate posture.

  Here, once the driver stops the depression operation of the brake pedal, the forward movement of the push rod 4 is stopped, and the sliding surface 21 of each slider 2 and the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 are stopped. In the meantime, a frictional force is generated in a direction that prevents the two O-rings 30 from being restored. For this reason, the load applied to the foot of the driver holding the brake pedal at a fixed position is rapidly reduced.

  When the brake pedal arm 60 rotates in the reverse direction due to the driver releasing the depression force of the brake pedal, the push rod 4 moves backward. At this time, the six sliders 2 are attached to the two O-rings 30 compressed between the groove bottoms 221 a and 221 b of the grooves 22 a and 22 b of the outer surface 26 a of each slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. The sliding surface 21 is brought into sliding contact with the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 that is being retracted, and the direction toward the axis O of the push rod 4 (the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10). Move away from

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 2C, the gap D between the outer surface 26a of each slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 gradually widens, and the groove on the outer surface 26a of each slider 2 becomes larger. Since the two O-rings 30 between the groove bottoms 221a and 221b of 22a and 22b and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 are gradually restored to the initial state, the sliding surface 21 of each slider 2 and the push rod The frictional force between the four tapered shaft portions 44 and the side surfaces 441 to 446 further gradually decreases. That is, as the push rod 4 moves backward, the frictional force that prevents the push rod 4 from moving backward gradually decreases. Since the push rod 4 that is moving backward is braked by the braking force generated by such frictional resistance, the brake pedal smoothly returns to the initial position in accordance with the movement of the driver's foot.

  During this time, as in the case of depression of the brake pedal, there is a possibility that shaft swing may occur in the push rod 4 connected to the brake pedal arm 60 by the clevis joint 61. However, the push rod is caused by the elastic force of the two O-rings 30. 4 is absorbed, the push rod 4 can be guided along its axis O in an appropriate posture.

  As described above, according to the damper 100 according to the present embodiment, the side surfaces of the push rod 4 that reciprocates along the axis O (the inclined surfaces of the push rod 4 with respect to the axis O) 441 to 446 are push rods. 4 is elastically supported by the plurality of sliders 2 urged by the O-ring 30 in the direction toward the axial center O, so that the shaft touch of the push rod 2 can be absorbed by the elastic force of the O-ring 30.

  Further, the O-ring 30 interposed between the outer surface 26a of the slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 causes the sliding surface 21 of the slider 2 to be displaced relative to the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 (the axis of the push rod 4). In a state where the push rod 4 is energized with an elastic force according to the amount of displacement in the direction away from the center O, the push rod 4 moves in the direction toward the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 (the push rod 4 of the push rod 4). The slider 2 moves while sliding in the direction away from the axis O, and in the return path of the push rod 4, the slider 2 moves away from the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 (direction approaching the axis O of the push rod 4). Moving. For this reason, a driving source (driver) that applies a force in a predetermined direction along the axis O to the push rod 4 by a frictional force between the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 and the sliding surface 21 of the slider 2. Reaction force (a load having a hysteresis characteristic) having different magnitudes can be given to the forward stroke and the backward stroke of one stroke. Therefore, for example, when the damper 100 is attached to the push rod 4 to which the brake pedal arm is connected, an appropriate load corresponding to the amount of depression of the brake pedal is stably applied to the driver's foot while the brake pedal is depressed. In addition, the load on the driver's foot can be reduced while the brake pedal is held at a fixed position.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the gist.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the damper 100 incorporated in the electric brake actuator of an automobile is taken as an example, but the damper according to the present invention absorbs the shaft touch of the moving member that reciprocates along the axis. The reciprocating movement of the moving part can be applied to an application in which it is useful to brake with a braking force having a hysteresis characteristic. For example, the present invention is not limited to an electric brake actuator of an automobile, and can be incorporated into various devices having a linear motion member connected to an operation unit that receives a user operation, such as a musical instrument, a game machine, and various devices.

  In the above embodiment, the push rod 4 that is a member to be braked is provided with side surfaces (inclined surfaces with respect to the moving direction) 441 to 446 with respect to the axis O, and the side surfaces 441 to 446 are used as the sliding portions of the slider 2. 21. However, when the member to be braked cannot be provided with an inclined surface with respect to the moving direction, the moving direction of the member to be braked is used as a moving member supported so as to be reciprocally movable by the plurality of sliders 2. It is also possible to prepare a member on which an inclined surface is formed and hold the member to be braked on this moving member. For example, a cylindrical collar member having an insertion port into which the push rod is inserted in the axial direction is provided, and an inclined surface with respect to the axial center of the member to be braked is formed on the collar member. The surface may be supported by the sliding surface 21 of the slider 2. Thus, the collar member reciprocates along the axis of the brake target member together with the brake target member while sliding the sliding surface 21 and the inclined surface of the slider 2 in sliding contact.

  In the present embodiment, the two O-rings 30 are similarly compressed by the six sliders 2 and the case 10, but depending on the device to be assembled with the damper 100, the compression of the two O-rings 30 is started. The timing may be shifted. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, one of the two grooves 22a and 22b formed on the outer surface 26a of each slider 2 (for example, the groove 22b) is replaced with the other groove (for example, The groove 22a) may be deeper. When the depths of the two grooves 22a and 22b are changed in this way, when the push rod 4 starts moving forward from the initial position in conjunction with the operation portion, the outer wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the outer side of the slider 2 are moved. The distance D from the side surface 26a is gradually narrowed. First, only the O-ring 30 fitted in the shallow groove 22a starts to be compressed between the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the groove bottom (elastic body mounting surface) 221a. . As a result, as in the case described above, the frictional force that prevents the push rod 4 from moving forward gradually increases as the push rod 4 moves forward. Appropriate load is given. When the operation unit is further operated, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the O-ring 30 fitted in the deep groove 22b comes into contact with the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10, and as shown in FIG. 6 (C), Not only the O-ring 30 fitted in the shallow groove 22a but also the O-ring 30 fitted in the deep groove 22b is compressed between the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the groove bottom (elastic body mounting surface) 221b.

  According to such a configuration, the timing at which the operation unit is operated to a predetermined position (push rod 4 is displaced by a predetermined amount along its axis O while giving an appropriate load to the user's limb or the like operating the operation unit. The load on the user's limbs and the like can be increased rapidly. For this reason, it is possible to give a tactile signal that notifies the user that the operation unit has been operated to a predetermined position.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7 (A), two O-rings 30 and 30A having different wire diameters are used, and the push rod 4 is displaced by a predetermined amount along the axis O so that the wire diameter is small. One O-ring 30A may be brought into contact with the inner wall surface 104A of the case 10A. As shown in FIG. 7B, the case 10A in which a step H is formed on the inner wall surface 104A is used. One O-ring 30 may be brought into contact with the inner wall surface 104A of the case 10A at a timing displaced by a predetermined amount along the axis O. In any case, the compression start timing of the two O-rings can be shifted as in the above-described case where the depths of the two grooves 22a and 22b are changed, so that the operation unit is operated to a predetermined position. The load applied to the user's limbs or the like can be rapidly increased at the timing (the timing at which the push rod 4 is displaced by a predetermined amount along the axis O).

  Alternatively, for example, the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 or the above-described collar member may be created by connecting a plurality of tapered members formed of materials having different friction coefficients in the direction of the axis O. A plurality of sheet-like members formed of materials having different friction coefficients are arranged so as to be aligned in the axial center O direction on the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 or the inclined surface of the collar member. Also good. Thereby, on the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 or the inclined surface of the collar member, a plurality of sections having different friction coefficients are continuous in the direction of the axis O, so that the operation portion is operated to a predetermined position. The load on the user's limbs and the like can be rapidly increased at the timing (the timing at which the push rod 4 is displaced by a predetermined amount in the direction of the axis O). Further, by applying surface treatment to the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 or the inclined surface of the collar member, the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4 or the collar member. A plurality of sections having different friction coefficients may be included in the inclined surface continuously in the direction of the axis O.

  In the present embodiment, the truncated pyramid-shaped tapered shaft portion 44 having a hexagonal cross-sectional shape is provided on the push rod 4, but the truncated pyramid shape having a polygonal cross-sectional shape other than the hexagonal shape is provided. A tapered shaft portion 44 may be provided on the push rod 4. Alternatively, the push rod 4 may be provided with a tapered shaft portion 44 having a truncated cone shape or a columnar shape having at least one side surface inclined with respect to the axis O. In this case, a plurality of support positions of the tapered shaft portion 44 may be determined around the axis O of the push rod 4 and provided on the same number of sliders 2 as the support positions of the tapered shaft portion 44. Of the sliders 2, at least one slider 2 that supports a side surface inclined with respect to the axis O has a sliding surface 21 that is inclined with respect to the axis O about the same angle as the side surface of the support. Preferably it is formed.

  In the above, in any case, two O-rings are used as the elastic body 3 interposed between the outer surface 26a of the six sliders 2 and the inner wall surfaces 104, 104A of the cases 10, 10A. This is not always necessary. While the slider 2 is elastically supported in an appropriate posture, the sliding surface 21 of the slider 2 is pressed against the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered push rod 4 with an elastic force corresponding to the displacement of the slider 2 with respect to the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. If possible, the number and arrangement position of the O-rings interposed between the outer surface 26a of the six sliders 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 are appropriately changed. Further, instead of the O-ring 30, one between the slider 2 and the case 10, the distance between the outer surface 26 a of the slider 2 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 (for example, the radial direction of the case 10). Another elastic body (spring, rubber, etc.) that elastically deforms may be disposed.

  FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of sliders 2A each having a block-like rubber 31 mounted thereon as an elastic body 3 are radially arranged, and FIG. 8B is an external view of the slider 2A. 8C, FIG. 8D, FIG. 8E, FIG. 8F, and FIG. 8G are a plan view, a left side view, a front view, a right side view, and a bottom view of the slider 2A. It is.

  Similar to the slider 2 described above, the slider 2A is prepared in the same number as the side surfaces 441 to 446 (six in this embodiment) of the tapered shaft portion 44. In the initial state of the damper 100, the tapered shaft portion of the push rod 4 is prepared. One of the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the 44 is positioned at an initial position. As shown in the drawing, each slider 2A has a block shape similar to that of the above-described slider 2 in which the sliding surface 21 inclined substantially equiangularly with the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 on which the slider 2A is positioned is formed. A cylindrical surface-shaped convex surface (a convex surface corresponding to the outer surface 26 a of the slider 2) has a shape in which one groove 23 is formed along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. That is, each slider 2 </ b> A has a U-shape that is open on the inner wall surface 104 side of the case 10, and has an upper surface 24 that contacts the back surface 113 of the cover 11, a bottom surface 25 that contacts the bottom surface 101 of the case 10, and an upper surface A sliding surface 21 is formed between 24 and the bottom surface 25.

  The rubber 31 has an arc-shaped block shape that is cut into six around the axial center of the cylindrical body at substantially equal angular intervals. Each rubber 31 is fitted in the groove 23 of the slider 2 </ b> A and accommodated in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1. The rubber 31 has a thickness larger than the distance between the groove bottom 231 of the groove 23 of the slider 2 </ b> A and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 disposed at the initial positions of the side surfaces 441 to 446 of the tapered shaft portion 44 of the push rod 4. The case 10 has a radial direction. Therefore, in the initial state of the damper 100, the rubber 31 protrudes from the groove 23 of each slider 2A toward the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10, and between the groove bottom 231 of the groove 23 and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. Is compressed (preloaded). For this reason, when the push rod 4 advances toward the brake cylinder, it is further compressed by the groove bottom 231 of the groove 23 of each slider 2 </ b> A and the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10. Note that, for example, a plurality of convex portions 32 having different contact timings with the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 are formed on the outer surface 33 of the rubber 31 (a surface facing the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10), and the operation unit is at a predetermined position. The load applied to the user's limbs or the like may be rapidly increased at the timing when the push rod 4 is operated (the timing when the push rod 4 is displaced by a predetermined amount along the axis O).

  Although the U-shaped slider 2A is shown in FIGS. 8A to 8G, the slider 2A need only have a recess for fitting the rubber 31 and does not necessarily have a U-shape. For example, instead of the two grooves 22a and 22b, a hole that does not reach the sliding surface 21 is formed on the outer surface 26a of the slider 2A shown in FIG. 4, and rubber having a shape corresponding to the shape of the hole is formed. You may fit in this hole. By doing so, contact between the rubbers 31 of the adjacent sliders 2A in the cylindrical chamber 105 of the housing 1 can be prevented, so that each slider 2A moves away from the inner wall surface 104 of the case 10 and the case 10. It is possible to move smoothly in a direction approaching the inner wall surface 104.

  In the above embodiment, the cylindrical case 10 is used. However, the shape of the case 10 is not limited to the cylindrical shape, and a plurality of sliders 2 that support the inclined surface of the push rod 4 are provided. It is possible to accommodate the movable body in a direction approaching the inner wall surface of the case 10 and a direction away from the inner wall surface of the case 10, and to interpose the elastic body 3 between each slider 2 and the inner wall surface of the case 10. Any cylindrical shape may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Housing, 2, 2A: Slider, 3: Elastic body, 4: Push rod, 10, 10A: Case, 11: Cover, 12, 13: Rod insertion port, 21: Slide surface of slider, 22a, 22b: Slider groove, 23: Groove, 24: Slider upper surface, 26a: Slider outer surface, 27, 28: Slider side surface, 29: Cylindrical body, 30, 30A: O-ring, 31: Rubber, 41, 42: Push End face of rod, 43: Piston drive part, 44: Tapered shaft part, 45: Pedal arm connecting part, 60: Brake pedal arm, 61: Clevis joint, 62: Rotating shaft of brake pedal arm, 63: Bolt, 64, 65: nut, 101: bottom surface of the case, 102: rod insertion port, 103: opening of the case, 104 104A: inner wall surface of case, 105: cylindrical chamber, 106: screw part, 110: outer peripheral surface of cover, 111: screw part of outer periphery of cover, 112: rod insertion port, 113: back surface of cover, 114: front surface of cover, 22A, 22B: groove bottom of slider groove

Claims (8)

A moving member having an inclined surface with respect to the axis is inserted along the axis of the moving member, and a cylindrical case surrounding the inclined surface around the axis;
A plurality of positions surrounding the moving member around the axis, the sliding member being arranged between the inclined surface of the moving member and the inner wall surface of the case, and facing the inclined surface of the moving member, The inclined surface of the case is supported so as to be reciprocally movable along the axis, and when the moving member reciprocates along the axis, sliding contact between the inclined surface and the sliding surface causes A plurality of sliders moving in a direction away from the inner wall surface and a direction approaching the inner wall surface of the case;
A first elastic body that is interposed between the inner wall surface of the case and the plurality of sliders and biases the plurality of sliders so as to press the sliding surfaces of the plurality of sliders against the inclined surface of the moving member. And a damper. The damper according to claim 1, wherein
The sliding surface of the plurality of sliders is inclined with respect to the axis of the moving member, and is in surface contact with the inclined surface of the moving member. The damper according to claim 1 or 2,
A second elasticity which is interposed between the inner wall surface of the case and the plurality of sliders, and whose compression start timing by the slider and the inner wall surface of the case due to the movement of the slider is different from the first elastic body. Further equipped with a body,
A damper characterized by that. The damper according to claim 3, wherein
A damper comprising two O-rings having different diameters surrounding the plurality of sliders around an axis of the moving member as the first and second elastic bodies. The damper according to claim 3, wherein
Each of the plurality of sliders is formed with first and second elastic body mounting surfaces, which are opposed to the inner wall surface of the case, with different distances from the inner wall surface of the case.
The first and second elastic bodies are disposed between the first and second elastic body mounting surfaces and an inner wall surface of the case, respectively. The damper according to claim 1 or 2,
The damper is characterized in that the first elastic body is provided for each slider. The damper according to claim 6, wherein
The first elastic body has a plurality of protrusions having different contact start timings with the inner wall surface of the case. The damper according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A damper comprising the moving member.

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