JP2015528792A - Refractory liner construction and use of refractory liners in glass fusion draws - Google Patents

Abstract

A first brace, each having an interlock interlocking with a complementary interlock on the upper panel; the first wall and the second wall; on the upper panel and on at least one of the first and second walls; And an interlock structure comprising a second brace. This structure may optionally have additional interlock joints, such as protrusions and vias, between the top panel and one or more contact points or contact areas on each wall. An adhesive seal may be optionally provided to secure the interlock joint. Also disclosed are methods for making liner articles and methods for making glass using the articles as defined herein.

Description

Cross-reference of related applications

  This application claims the benefit of priority of US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/676028, filed July 26, 2012, under 35 USC 119, which is hereby incorporated by reference. It is content dependent and the contents of the above applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

  This application is: U.S. Pat. No. 8,0079,913 issued August 30, 2011 by Copola et al., Assigned to the assignee of the present invention in common, title of invention “Laminated Glass Article and Method of Making It”; Co-pending US patent application Ser. No. 13 / 479,701 filed May 24, 2012, entitled “Apparatus and Method for Controlling Multiple Glass Flows in Laminate Fusion”; and filed August 1, 2012. Is related to the co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 61 / 678,218, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Laminate Fusion Process”, which is based on the contents of the above application, and The contents of the above applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, but do not claim priority to the present invention.

  The present disclosure relates generally to an apparatus for use in fusion draw glass manufacture.

Means for solving the problem

  The present disclosure provides an apparatus for use in fusion draw glass manufacture. More particularly, the present disclosure provides a refractory liner structure (“liner”) for controlling the thermal properties of the draw glass stream and for protecting the draw glass stream from contamination of the surrounding internal environment. In an embodiment, the liner is located between an outer muffle housing (“muffle”) and an internal chamber that includes one or more fusion draw isopipes.

  The entire disclosure of any publication or patent document mentioned in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary cross bracing (100) component of a liner structure of the present disclosure. A perspective view showing an exemplary flow or sequence of assembly of the structure of the present disclosure. FIG. 2A is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary flow or sequence following FIG. 2A. FIG. 2B is a perspective view illustrating an exemplary flow or sequence following FIG. 2B. Explanatory drawing which shows the process of constraining the freedom degree of the side part (210) and upper panel (205) of a liner structure (200) by mounting the corner reinforcement (100, 102) of several aspects. Explanatory drawing which shows the process following FIG. 3A Explanatory drawing which shows the process following FIG. 3B FIG. 2C is a side perspective view of the assembled liner structure (this further demonstrates excellent mechanical stability). An exemplary schematic cross-sectional view of the fusion draw apparatus (500) as viewed from the end face. FIG. 5A is a side cross-sectional view of the fusion draw device (500) and the liner (200) of the present disclosure shown in FIG. 5A.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to drawings, if any. Reference to various embodiments does not limit the scope of the invention, which is limited only by the scope of the claims appended hereto. Also, any examples given herein are not intended to be limiting and merely list some of the many possible embodiments of the claimed invention.
Definitions “Dovetail joint” refers to a mechanical connection (eg, a slip fit) between a brace and an upper panel and a wall. An “a dovetail joint” includes on one structural member at least one mortise for receiving at least one tenon on another structural member. A joint is formed by a combination of a mortise and a mortise.

  “Adhesive seam” refers to a material bond between a top panel (eg, sealed with an adhesive) and a wall member.

  A “groove-groove” joint refers to a joint made by inserting a ridge on one edge of a panel or wall member into a corresponding groove on another edge of the panel or wall member. .

  “Square plate” is a plate or arm for reinforcing the corners of the frame. In an embodiment, the bracing elements of the refractory liner of the present disclosure can be considered as a veneer modified for structure and function.

  "Include / includes" or similar terms mean including but not limited to, ie, inclusive and non-exclusive.

  For example, the amounts, ingredients, concentrations, volumes, processing temperatures, processing times, yields, flow rates, pressures, viscosities, etc., and ranges of the components in the composition used in describing embodiments of the present disclosure, Or “about” to modify values such as component dimensions and ranges, for example: in the composition or preparation of materials, compositions, composites, concentrates, components, manufactured articles or formulations used Due to typical measurement and handling procedures used; due to inadvertent errors in the above procedures; due to differences in the starting materials or ingredients used to carry out the method, differences in raw materials or purity; and similar considerations. Refers to the change in quantity obtained. The term “about” varies by mixing or processing the structure, the composition or the amount of the composition or a specific initial concentration or mixing ratio that changes due to thermal degradation, and the composition or the specific initial concentration or mixing ratio of the formulation. The amount is also included. The claims appended hereto include equivalents of these "about" modified quantities.

  “Optional” or “optionally” may or may not occur if the event or situation described below occurs, and this description may or may not occur when the event or situation occurs. It means to include the case of not.

In the embodiment, “consisting essentially of” means, for example:
-Fire resistant liner articles;
A fusion draw glass making apparatus having a muffle portion comprising a fire resistant liner article of the present disclosure;
-A method for making a refractory liner; and-as defined herein, can be applied to a method for making a glass using a fusion draw glass making apparatus having a muffle portion comprising a refractory liner article of the present disclosure.

  The apparatus of the present disclosure having a refractory liner for making glass, a method of making glass, the resulting glass article, composition or formulation, in addition to the components or steps recited in the claims, Other components or steps that do not significantly affect the basic and novel properties of the article, device or method of making and using (eg, specific glass compositions, specific additives or components, specific agents, specific Structural materials or components, specific melting or drawing conditions, or similar structures, materials or process variables selected).

  As used herein, the singular noun means at least one or more than one unless otherwise specified.

  Abbreviations well known to those skilled in the art (eg, “h” or “hrs” for hours, “g” or “gm” for grams, “mL” for milliliters, “rt” for room temperature, “nm” for nanometers) Abbreviations) may be used.

  The specific preferred values and ranges disclosed with respect to components, ingredients, additives, dimensions, conditions and similar aspects are merely exemplary; that is, they are within other defined values or defined ranges. It does not exclude other values. The devices and methods of the present disclosure may be any of the values, specific values, more specific values and preferred values (including explicit or implicit intermediate values and ranges) described herein. And any combination thereof.

  In an embodiment, the present disclosure relates to the manufacture of a glass plate in a fusion draw apparatus (FDM). More particularly, the present disclosure extends known methods and apparatus (see US Pat. No. 4,214,886) for producing laminated glazing.

  In embodiments, the devices of the present disclosure and methods of making and using the present disclosure provide one or more advantageous features or aspects including, for example, those discussed below. The features or aspects mentioned in any one of the claims are generally applicable to all aspects of the invention. Any single or multiple feature or aspect referred to in any claim is combined with or replaced with any other feature or aspect referred to in any one or more other claims. be able to.

  For low temperature applications such as less than 1000 ° F. (538 ° C.), stability and rigidity can be obtained using conventional ductile mechanical fasteners. However, materials that can withstand very high temperature processing are typically fragile and are therefore unsuitable for use as conventional fasteners. The refractory liner of the present disclosure can tolerate maximum shear loading and maximum bearing load of material in the joint. Also, when the components of the liner of the present disclosure are assembled, they mate exactly by the groove combination and by the component geometry.

  The refractory material retains its strength at high temperatures. ASTM C71 is refractory as “a non-metallic material with chemical and physical properties that allows it to be applied to structures exposed to environments above 1000 ° F. (811K; 538 ° C.) or as a component of the system”. Define the material. For example, oxides of similar materials such as aluminum oxide (alumina), silicon oxide (silica), magnesium oxide (magnesia) and carbides, or combinations thereof can be used as the material constituting the liner. Any component of the interlock structure may be made of a suitable refractory material, for example, a material that can withstand the high temperature environment within an operating fusion draw apparatus. Most ultra-high temperature materials such as silicon carbide (eg carborundum or moissanite) are fragile. The application of these materials to structural braces is tailored to these special material properties. The interlock structure of the present disclosure minimizes the tensile load at the brace and distributes the remaining shear load over a wider liner surface area.

In an embodiment, the liner is located between the muffle housing and the chamber occupied by the first upper and lower isopipes in the fusion draw apparatus. In an embodiment, the liner may further comprise an external structural brace between the liner and the muffle housing. In an embodiment, additional external structural bracing may be used to supplement the structural bracing between the top panel and the first and second walls and the stability provided by any adhesive. This can take the form of, for example, a sillimanite block embedded in a refractory brick surrounding the liner. Silimanite is an aluminosilicate inorganic salt of composition Al ₂ SiO ₅ .

  In embodiments, broadly the fusion process, or in particular the control of the laminated fusion process, is spatially oriented depending on the liner structure of the present disclosure independently or when connected to a muffle. Or need to be moved in one or more specified movements. To accommodate multiple aspects of muffle, liner or both orientation and movement, the liner structure is rigid and stable enough to withstand coordinated angular perturbation or movement within or as part of the muffle. Preferably.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure is a refractory liner comprising:
-Upper panel;
-A first wall and a second wall;
A first brace having a first interlock and a second interlock, wherein the first interlock is located on a first axis and the second interlock is Located on a second axis orthogonal to the axis, the first interlock is interlocked with a first complementary interlock on the first sidewall, the second interlock being on the top A first brace that interlocks with a first complementary interlock on the panel; and a second brace having a first interlock and a second interlock, the first interlock being Located on a first axis, the second interlock is located on a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and the first interlock is on the second sidewall In conjunction with the first complementary interlock, the second interlock Provides a fire resistant liner with an interlock structure with a second brace that interlocks with a second complementary interlock on the upper panel.

  In an embodiment, the first interlock, the second interlock, the first complementary interlock and the second complementary interlock are mortises, mortises or equivalent structures, or combinations thereof, or Each may be selected from a similar interlock connection or a similar interlock connector.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure is a refractory liner article for use in a fusion draw apparatus (this liner is also known as “doghouse”):
-Top panel, i.e. cover tile;
A first wall and a second wall, ie side walls;
A first brace having a first tenon and a second tenon, wherein the first tenon is on a first axis (eg, an x-axis perpendicular to the plane of the first wall). The second tenon is located on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis (eg, the y-axis perpendicular to the plane of the upper panel), the first tenon A first brace that mates with a first tenon on the first side wall, and a second tenon mates with a first tenon on the upper panel; and-a first tenon and a first tenon A second brace having two tenons, wherein the first tenon is located on a first axis and the second tenon is on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis Located, the first tenon is mated with a first mortise on the second side wall, and the second tenon is mated with a second mortise on the upper panel, Bracing
A fire resistant liner article comprising an interlock structure comprising:

  The refractory liner may further comprise an optional adhesive seal applied between the top panel and each of the first wall and the second wall, the adhesive seal of the top panel along the y-axis. Fix up and down sliding movement (ie, fix or constrain this movement or eliminate freedom).

  The refractory liner may further comprise a second refractory liner portion, the first refractory liner forming the upper half and the second refractory liner forming the lower half, The halves are oriented to form a chamber for receiving at least one fusion draw isopipe. In use, the combined liner is oriented substantially upright, with one refractory liner on the top and another similar refractory liner on the bottom located below the upper refractory liner. To do. The lower refractory liner, for example, has an upper cover that is substantially “closed”, ie, has no significant holes or gaps, whereas the lower liner is substantially “open”. It differs from the upper refractory liner in that it has a "mold" bottom panel. This bottom panel can be used for additional optional processing such as stacking or similar glass sheets formed in the chamber, leaving the chamber and cooling, stretching, cutting and similar drawing or similar unit operations after drawing or stacking. With a gap in the bottom panel to allow advancement.

  The interlock structure, which is a component of the refractory liner, may be composed of components that are slip-fit. Due to the sliding fit between the components, the respective engagement of the mortise pair on the brace and the mortise pair on the top panel and wall (ie the mortise on each brace and the mortise on each side wall) The interlocking structure and liner dovetail joints are provided that limit the axial, lateral and rotational freedom of the liner article.

  The interlock structure consists of, for example, at least two limited or fixed (ie fixed) constraints, for example consisting of side-to-side sliding movement along the x-axis and rotation around the z-axis. May have degrees of freedom)

  The components of the interlock structure may be made of any suitable refractory material, for example.

  The interlock structure may have an upper part and a lower part, ie halves, which may be separated by a gap. This gap provides orientation control for a muffle having two halves. The interlock structure may have an open or partially open end to allow discharge of one or more molten glass sources, and an opening to allow discharge of the resulting fusion glass product. It may have a mold bottom.

  The height-to-width aspect ratio of the interlock structure (see FIG. 5A, relative dimensions in the vertical to horizontal direction) is, for example, 10: 1 to 1:10, 7: 1 to 1: 7, 5: 1 to 1. : 5, 2: 1 to 1: 2 (including intermediate values and ranges).

  In embodiments, the liner may be higher than the width of the base or the top panel, i.e. may have a high aspect ratio. In order to combine the muffle movement or movement of any adjustable fusion draw device with the high aspect ratio of the structure described above, the liner structure must have significant structural integrity. Accordingly, the interlock structure of the present disclosure provides the refractory liner with superior mechanical strength and rigidity. The height-to-length aspect ratio (see FIG. 5A, vertical to horizontal relative dimensions) of the interlock structure is, for example, 1:10, 1: 7, 1: 5, 1: 2, 1: 1, etc. It may be a ratio (including intermediate values and ranges).

  In embodiments, if the liner has a long length dimension, two or more, such as 2-10 or more top panels are required to form a fully or substantially closed top for the liner. Can be. Similarly, if the liner has a long length dimension, more than one, for example 2-10 or more side panels on each side wall may be required to form a continuous side wall of the liner. Multiple top panels or multiple sidewall panels may be integrated into the liner structure and joined together, for example, to an interlock joint, such as by using an end notch as shown in FIG.

  The refractory liners of the present disclosure are stable with respect to tilting motion, roll motion, sliding motion, or combinations thereof, and similar translational motion, rotational motion, or a combination of translational and rotational motion. When installed inside a self-supporting liner structure or muffle, the high kinetic stability of a fire resistant liner is imparted to the liner structure.

  The refractory liner may not use a separate mechanical fastener in a free standing liner construction. In an embodiment, the additional adhesive can provide a bond between mating parts, including the cover tile, against the liner sidewall, thereby preventing additional slippage of the cover panel or cover tile for the sidewall. Can provide rigidity. The optional adhesive also provides a seal between the walls of the structure to increase the instability or slippage of the joint interface and to prevent foreign material intrusions that can potentially compromise the structural integrity of the liner. Can be prevented.

  The refractory liner structure may further comprise a surface protrusion on a side edge of the upper panel, the surface protrusion being associated with a via located on one upper edge of each of the first and second walls, for example, A tongue-groove joint is formed.

  The refractory liner may further include an adhesive applied between the top panel surface protrusion and each via on the first wall and the second wall, whereby one or more of the top panel and the wall. A seal is formed between the contact point or the contact region and the upper and lower degrees of freedom along the y-axis of the upper panel are fixed.

  In an embodiment, the liner has a structural bracing component with a right dovetail joint. In an embodiment, the wall may have an optional surface protrusion that can further secure the structural component in three-dimensional space and resist any forces acting on the joint. It is. In an embodiment, dovetail joints with a “puzzle piece” profile are preferred, and when external or impairing forces are applied, the joints are pulled together to effectively fix them.

  The refractory liner may further comprise a second refractory liner in combination with itself, the upper and lower liners forming a chamber for fusion draw processing, and the bonded liner prevents heat loss. Thermal insulation and a protective wall that protects one or more glass streams in the fusion draw from external contamination, such as from heating elements that maintain the glass in a liquid state within the fusion draw region.

  Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows an exemplary bracing (100) component of a liner structure of the present disclosure having two right angle tenons (110, 120), the two right angle tenons (110). 120) each engages a complementary mortise in the top panel or cover tile and one of the two sidewalls of the structure to form a dovetail. These dovetail joints limit the axial, lateral and rotational freedom of the liner and provide excellent structural stability. In an embodiment, the brace may preferably have a symmetric tenon (110, 120) such that the first brace is interchangeable with the second brace. In other words, an exemplary corner bracing (100) design with mirror image symmetry may be used for each corner bracing required for the structure of the present disclosure.

  Alternatively, in the embodiment, the tenon for crossing corners can be a mortise, and the mortise on the top panel and the side wall can be a mortise. Alternatively, in an embodiment, the mortise tenon may be a mortise and mortise combination, and the top panel and side wall mortise may be a suitable complementary tenon and mortise combination. The angle brace (100) can form two right angle dovetail joints by engaging the sidewalls of the structure and the top panel or cover tile, respectively. These joints can limit the axial, lateral and rotational freedom. When the structure is assembled, the degree of freedom is limited and the liner structure is stabilized.

  2A-2C illustrate an exemplary flow or sequence of assembly of the structure of the present disclosure. FIG. 2A shows a first step of assembly, in which a tenon (eg, 110 or 120) of the first brace (100) is slidably engaged with a mortise in the first wall (210). Match. Subsequently, a tenon (eg, horizontal (110) or vertical (120)) of the second brace (102) is slidably engaged with the mortise of the second wall (220). FIG. 2B shows a second step of assembly, in which the mortise of the upper panel (205) is moved over the remaining available upper or vertical of the first and second braces (100, 102). The mortise is slidably engaged with, for example, the lower side. FIG. 2C shows a third step of assembly, in which the slidably engaged upper panel (205) and the first and second walls are formed with optional protrusions (235) and vias (FIG. 2B). 230), which can be further engaged and joined, for example, by any adhesive, weld or similar fastener, to complete the assembly of the liner structure (200). The liner structure (200) is preferably assembled in a specific flow as shown so that all components engage correctly and reliably. Embodiments contemplate a plurality or a number of consecutively aligned panel and wall components that can be easily assembled to form the structure of the present disclosure.

  In embodiments, the order of liner assembly can be important for good structural integrity. The structure may be assembled in a defined flow to ensure that all components are engaged. The only degree of freedom left in the assembled structure is the vertical movement of the upper cover. During normal operation and positioning within the muffle housing, the upper cover cannot move vertically. However, if any adhesive is applied to the cover tile-wall joint, the vertical freedom is also limited.

  3A-3C schematically illustrate a process of constraining the flexibility of the sidewalls (210) and the top panel (205) of the liner structure (200) by implementing a plurality of modes of crossing (100, 102). Show. FIG. 3A shows an unjoined and unconstrained structure that has translational freedom in each of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, and at least freedom of rotation about the z-axis. Have FIG. 3B shows a constrained structure where the protrusions on the side wall (210) and the vias in the top panel (205) are joined, but any adhesion between the wall (210) and the top panel (205). The agent is not used, and has translational freedom only in the y-axis and z-axis. The degree of freedom of rotation around the z-axis remains. FIG. 3C shows a corner between the wall (210) and the top panel (205) of FIG. 3B where protrusions and vias are joined (ie, ridge-groove (420) joint) and added to the constrained structure. Show braces. Translation in the x- and z-axes and freedom of rotation about the z-axis are lost and are fixed by the interaction of the bracing tenons and the top and side wall mortises (410, 415). Only the degree of translational freedom along the y-axis remains. By adding an adhesive or similar fixer to the ridge-groove (420), the translational freedom along the remaining y-axis is fixed.

  In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a structural assembly that can provide a stabilized refractory liner (also referred to as a doghouse) structure by limiting unconstrained freedom in the angular joint of the assembly. . The corner joints and additional braces of the present disclosure limit the degree of freedom and strengthen the structure.

  FIG. 4 shows a side perspective view of the assembled liner structure of FIG. 2C, further demonstrating excellent mechanical stability. The tenon (110, 120) of the brace (100) engages with the tenon (410, 415) of the upper panel (205) and the side wall (210) to form an interlock dovetail. The engagement between the top panel protrusion (230) and the side wall via (235) results in a tongue-and-groove joint (420). The tongue-groove eliminates lateral freedom. The application of the adhesive provides additional stability and durability to the tongue-groove joint (420) and liner structure, prevents heat loss from the fusion draw process, and prevents foreign objects from entering the fusion draw process. Alternatives to the tongue-groove splice include, for example, a phase cut splice, butt splice or similar splice design, but these may be less stable than the combination of the groove-groove splice and adhesive.

  The combination of corner bracing and optional adhesive joints limits the longitudinal and rotational freedom. Also, the weight of the upper cover, the bond with any adhesive, and the range of motion of the muffle device constrain the remaining degrees of freedom. This creates a rigid, stable doghouse structure.

  FIG. 5A is an exemplary schematic cross-sectional view of the fusion draw apparatus (500) as viewed from the end surface, the fusion draw apparatus (500) including a muffle structure (210) that accommodates a double or stacked fusion draw configuration (510). 502) and the liner (200) of the present disclosure. The apparatus (500) includes a muffle structure having a first upper portion (504) having an upper portion and at least one long side portion, and a second lower portion (506) having a bottom portion and at least two long side portions ( 502). The bottom of the lower part (506) is provided with an opening (508) for discharging glass or laminated products. The muffle structure (502) defines and provides a chamber occupied by a fusion draw apparatus (510) having one or more isopipes (representing a first upper and lower pipe). The muffle (502) provides an insulated chamber that houses the isopipe. The muffle (502) further includes or includes one or more heat source elements (512), such as a heating bar, microwave or similar heating element. The muffle (502) further includes or includes a refractory liner (200), the refractory liner (200) being made of a radiant heat material such as silicon carbide, and the enclosure formed by the muffle (502). Located between the chamber for the fusion draw device (510). The refractory liner (200) includes an upper portion (215) having an upper panel (205) and sidewalls (210), and a lower portion having a sidewall (225) and an open bottom or a partially closed bottom (not shown). 220). The liner structure protects the liquid glass flow from possible contamination from the heat source element (512) and can moderate heating uniformity within the chamber. The top (504; 215) and bottom (506; 225) of the muffle (502) and liner (200) may be separated and divided by a sealing region (550). Sealing region (550) is described in detail in the above-mentioned co-pending US patent application 61/678218. The sealing area can be, for example: a radiant seal made of a radiant heat resistant material such as a refractory brick that retains a large amount of radiant heat in the pipe chamber; a flexible, such as Safil® fabric that further reduces heat loss Different, such as heat-resistant seals made of flexible refractory materials; and convective seals made of flexible materials such as rubber or silicone rubber, which reduce convective losses and retain more heat in the pipe chamber One or more optional seals with overlapping functions may be included. The heat resistant seal may be attached to both the upper (504) and lower (506) of the muffle, for example. Alternatively, the adiabatic seal may be attached, for example, only to the upper portion (504) of the muffle and only loosely cover the lower portion (506) of the muffle. Sealing area (550) is an important aspect of the superior results provided by a fusion device having a liner of the present disclosure. This region can: maintain the required similar temperature profile inside the top and bottom of the muffle; and allow independent spatial adjustment of the top and bottom of the muffle. Alternatively or additionally, the spatial position of the upper cladding pipe relative to the lower core pipe can be independently spatially adjusted to change or control the cladding to core thickness ratio in the resulting laminate product. In an embodiment, the top and bottom of the muffle are independently spatially adjusted to adjust the gap region between the upper and lower isopipes, and the thickness ratio of the clad glass to the core glass in the drawn laminate product Can be changed. In an embodiment, the upper cladding pipe or upper liner portion (215) can be secured within the upper portion (504) of the muffle so that spatial adjustment of the upper cladding pipe is obtained concomitant with the spatial adjustment of the upper portion of the muffle, and A lower core pipe or lower liner portion (220) can be secured within the lower portion (506) of the muffle. Each seal allows for independent adjustment of the spatial orientation of the top and bottom of the muffle and, as a result, independent adjustment of the relative orientation of the liner portion and isopipe, which produces the glass fusion device of the present disclosure. Ultimately control the relative thickness and uniformity of the clad and core flows.

  FIG. 5B shows a schematic cross-sectional view from the side of the fusion draw apparatus (500) of FIG. 5A and the liner (200) of the present disclosure.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides an apparatus for forming a laminated glass, the apparatus comprising:
A lower pipe providing a first glass flow of the core of the laminate;
-A first upper pipe providing a second glass stream over the first glass stream forming a first outer cladding layer on the inner core of the laminate;
-Muffle:
A first upper part having an upper part and at least two long side parts; and a second lower part having an opening and a bottom part having at least two long side parts, the first and second muffle parts comprising: Defining a chamber that each of the first upper and lower pipes occupies (i.e., the muffle provides an insulated chamber that houses the isopipe);
A refractory liner located between the enclosure formed by the muffle and the chamber occupied by the first upper and lower pipes;
-At least one gap seal (ie one or more gap seals located near the gap between the bottom of the first upper part of the muffle and the upper part of the second lower part);
-At least one heat source (ie at least one of the first upper part and the second lower part of the muffle and preferably within each or both, eg heating bar, glow bar, glow bar, microwave heater, solar concentrating heater or Heating elements such as similar heating elements; and-adjustment system (ie the relative position of the upper part of the muffle with respect to the lower part of the muffle and the first and second gaps between the first upper and lower pipes). Adjustable support and transfer system operably adapted to change)
Is provided.

  The top of the lower pipe and the bottom of the first upper pipe may be separated from each other by a first gap on one long side and a second gap on the other long side. The position of the lower pipe and the position of the first upper pipe can each be adjusted independently to control the dimensions of the first gap, the second gap, or both.

  In embodiments, the adjustment system can independently support the upper and lower muffle portions from above, from below, from the edges, from the corners, or combinations thereof. The adjustment system is adjustable: suspenders (for example mounted from above); lifts, jacks, hydraulic rams (for example mounted from below); (for example from the top, from the bottom, from the side, from the edges, from the corners and combinations thereof At least one of the robots (such as an industrial robot to be mounted). An industrial robot may be controlled automatically, for example, may be reprogrammable, for example, may be a multi-function manipulator programmable in more than two axes, or a combination thereof.

The at least one seal can be, for example:
A first seal located between the first upper part and the second lower part of the muffle and proximate to the first gap and the second gap of the pipe (the first seal is a heat loss; And maintain the consistency, i.e., uniformity, of heating within the chamber and the area of the gap between isopipes or portions of the muffle; made of refractory material such as one or more bricks);
Close to (eg between) the first top and second bottom of the muffle, close to the first seal, and located distal to the first gap and the second gap of the pipe The second seal (the second seal minimizes the heat loss escaping through the first sealing member, and this second seal is flexible refractory such as, for example, Safil alumina fiber) May be made of material);
A third seal proximate to the first upper part and the second lower part of the muffle, proximate to the second sealing member and located distal to the first gap and the second gap of the pipe; (The third seal is a flexible or flexible heat-resistant material such as silicone or rubber that minimizes heat loss escaping through the first and second sealing members and eliminates airflow loss, for example. Or -a combination thereof.

  The dimensions of the first gap and the second gap between isopipes or portions of the muffle may be the same or different. When the dimensions of the first gap and the second gap are the same, the resulting laminated glazing has a clad layer of substantially the same thickness on both sides of the core, and the dimensions of the first gap and the second gap are If different, the resulting laminated glazing has clad layers of different thickness on both sides of the core. The size of the separation of the gap between the bottom of the upper pipe and the lower pipe can be, for example, substantially equidistant over the entire length of the gap, not equidistant over the entire length of the gap, or a combination thereof. It may be.

  In embodiments, the liner may be fixedly attached to a muffle or similar structure. Thus, the liner may have, for example, 0 to 1 or more degrees of freedom (DOF). The spatial position of the muffle body may be defined by translation of the three components and rotation of the three components, and may have six degrees of freedom if there are no physical constraints. The six degrees of freedom include translational and rotational motion in a three-dimensional space. The three translational degrees of freedom include: up and down movement (eg, up and down shaking); left and right movement (eg, left and right shaking); and back and forth movement (eg, back and forth shaking). The three rotational degrees of freedom include: forward and backward tilt (eg pitch); left and right turn (eg yaw); and end-to-end tilt (eg rotation).

  In embodiments, the lower pipe or lower liner portion may be fixed in space and the upper pipe or upper liner portion may be adjusted in at least one of six degrees of freedom (DOF). In contrast, the first upper pipe or upper liner portion may be fixed in space and the lower pipe or lower liner portion may be adjusted in at least one of six degrees of freedom (DOF).

In an embodiment, the present disclosure is an apparatus for forming a laminated glazing comprising:
A lower pipe supplying a first glass stream forming a core of the laminate; and a second glass stream forming a first outer cladding layer on the inner core of the stack above the first glass stream. A first upper pipe that feeds the first upper pipe and a bottom of the first upper pipe on a first gap on one long side and on the other long side. Separated from each other by a second gap, the position of the lower pipe, the first upper pipe or both can be adjusted independently to control the first gap, the second gap or both Providing the device.

  The apparatus may further comprise an independent support system coupled to the lower pipe and the first upper pipe, wherein the position of the lower pipe, the first upper pipe or both is the lower pipe, the first upper pipe. Or it can be adjusted independently, directly or indirectly, by changing the position of independent support systems connected to both. The independent support system may be, for example, at least one suspension member that supports from above, from below, from an edge, from a corner, or a combination thereof. Suspension members include, for example, track-trolley systems, which can provide physical support and motion adjustment functions including, for example, translational motion, rotational motion, or combinations thereof. In embodiments, the position of the lower pipe, the first upper pipe, or both of the apparatus of the present disclosure can be remotely adjusted (eg, industry attached to one or both of the first part or the second part of the muffle). Robot system). Remote tuning performance can provide benefits such as improved pilot safety and equipment life by avoiding high temperatures in or near the muffle. Alternative support and motion structures include, for example, a gimbal structure with 3 or 4 axes in a nested structure, eg 2 independent arms, and 1-6 degrees of freedom (DOF) in the dynamic chain. Examples include an articulated robot having a similar structure. In an embodiment, a support system coupled to one or both of the lower pipe and the first upper pipe is: to control the size of the separation portion of the gap between the bottom of the upper pipe and the top of the lower pipe In order to control the landing angle (Φ) of the second liquid glass stream onto the first liquid glass stream; the gap between the bottom of the upper pipe and the top of the lower pipe Can be adjusted independently in the horizontal direction to control the offset dimension of the; or a combination thereof.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure is a method for forming a laminated glazing with an apparatus of the present disclosure having a refractory liner article of the present disclosure comprising:
Adjusting at least one of the first and second gap dimensions between the upper and lower pipes and predetermining the cladding / core thickness ratio of the resulting laminate;
-Flowing a first glass stream into the lower pipe to form a core of the laminate; and-simultaneously flowing a second glass stream into the upper pipe and subsequently onto the first glass stream, Forming a cladding of the laminate on the core of the substrate.

  The method adjusts the upper part of the muffle, the lower part of the muffle, or both, so that the separation part of the gap, the landing angle (Φ), or a combination thereof, of the second glass stream flowing onto the first glass stream. There may be further included a step of changing.

  The first gap and the second gap are adjusted before use, at the time of use or after use, and the glass layer thickness ratio of the core layer to the clad layer stack is 10: 1 to 1:10, for example 10: 1, 8 1: 6: 1, 4: 1, 3: 1, 2: 1, 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 3, 1: 4, 1: 6, 1: 8, 1:10 (intermediate values And a range). The glass thickness ratio of the core layer to the cladding layer is 50: 1, 40: 1, 30: 1, 20: 1, 15: 1, 12: 1, 1:12, 1:15, 1:20, 1: It can be made larger or smaller, such as 30, 1:40, 1:50 (including intermediate values and ranges), etc., but it is possible to re-use equipment such as selection of isopipes and glass flow supply pipes with different relative dimensions. Configuration may be required. The thickness of the core layer may be, for example, 50 micrometers to 1000 micrometers, and the thickness of the cladding layer may be, for example, 1000 micrometers to 50 micrometers.

  In an embodiment, an apparatus comprising a refractory liner and a method for using the same produce a laminated glazing having a plurality of upper pipes stacked on the upper pipe, the number of layers being twice the total number of upper pipes. May further include.

  The present disclosure has been described with reference to various specific embodiments and techniques. However, it should be understood that many variations and modifications are possible while remaining within the scope of the disclosure.

100 square bracing 102 second bracing 110, 120 mortise 200 liner structure 205 upper panel 210 first wall 215 upper 220 second wall 225 lower 235 projection 230 via 410, 415 mortise 420 tongue-groove 500 fusion draw device 502 Muffle 504 Upper part 506 Lower part 508 Opening 510 Fusion draw device 512 Heat source element 550 Sealing region

Claims (5)

A fire resistant liner article for use in a fusion draw apparatus comprising:
-Upper panel;
-A first wall and a second wall;
A first brace having a first tenon and a second tenon, wherein the first tenon is located on a first axis, and the second tenon is relative to the first axis The first tenon is interlocked with a first tenon on the first side wall, and the second tenon is connected to the first tenon on the upper panel. A first brace that is interlocked; and a second brace having a first tenon and a second tenon, wherein the first tenon is located on a first axis, the second tenon Located on a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, the first tenon interlocks with a first mortise on the second side wall, and the second tenon is the upper panel A fire resistant liner article comprising an interlock structure with a second brace that interlocks with the second mortise above.   The adhesive panel further includes an adhesive seal applied between the upper panel and each of the first wall and the second wall, the adhesive seal moving up and down the upper panel along the y-axis. The refractory liner according to claim 1, wherein the refractory liner is fixed.   And further comprising a second refractory liner, wherein the refractory liner forms an upper half, the second refractory liner forms a lower half, and the halves are at least one fusion. The fire resistant liner of claim 1, wherein the fire resistant liner is oriented to form a chamber for receiving a draw isopipe.   The refractory liner according to claim 1, wherein the interlock structure is configured by a slip-fitted component.   The fire resistant liner of claim 1, wherein the interlock structure has at least two constrained or fixed degrees of freedom including a lateral sliding motion along the x-axis.

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