JP2015525457A - 金属空気電池及びガス不透過性アノード伝導性マトリクス - Google Patents
金属空気電池及びガス不透過性アノード伝導性マトリクス Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/94—Non-porous diffusion electrodes, e.g. palladium membranes, ion exchange membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
- H01M50/1385—Hybrid cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
- 金属空気電池において、
キャニスタと、
前記キャニスタ内に配設され、且つ、アノードバルクマトリクスと、触媒カソードと、前記アノードバルクマトリクスと前記カソードの間に配設されたセパレータと、前記カソードに隣接したガス拡散層と、を含む螺旋に巻回された電極組立体であって、前記アノードバルクマトリクスは、前記アノードバルクマトリクス内において空隙を規定する表面エリアを有する活物質と、前記表面エリア上の非多孔性被覆と、を含み、且つ、前記非多孔性被覆は、水であると共に、水酸化物イオン透過性と、実質的に活性金属イオン及びガス不透過性である、電極組立体と、
を有することを特徴とする電池。 - 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記アノードバルクマトリクスと接触している集電器を更に有することを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記アノードバルクマトリクスは、伝導性添加物を更に含むことを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項3に記載の電池において、前記伝導性添加物は、伝導性ファイバ、伝導性ナノチューブ、グラファイト粉、金属粉、伝導性ポリマー、金属ウィスカー、圧縮された金属ファイバ、金属フェルト、又は炭素フェルトであることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記非多孔性被覆は、ポリマー又は金属酸化物であることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記活物質は、金属であることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記キャニスタは、ガスがそれを通じて流れることを許容するように構成されていることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項7に記載の電池において、前記キャニスタは、前記電極組立体内への前記ガスの略均一な流れを促進するように構成されていることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項7に記載の電池において、前記キャニスタは、前記電極組立体内への前記ガスの略均一な流れを促進するように構成された複数の通路を規定する表面を有する端部部分を有することを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項7に記載の電池において、前記電極組立体は、端部部分を含み、且つ、前記キャニスタは、前記電極組立体の前記端部部分の近傍における前記ガスの渦巻く流れを促進するように構成された複数のダクトを規定する表面を含む前記電極組立体の前記端部部分に隣接した端部部分を有することを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項7に記載の電池において、前記キャニスタは、加圧されたガスの供給源に対して流体接続されるように構成されていることを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記キャニスタ内に配設された酸素リザーバを更に有することを特徴とする電池。
- 請求項1に記載の電池において、前記セパレータは、誘電性を有することを特徴とする電池。
- 金属アノードにおいて、
金属集電器と、
前記集電器との電気的接触状態にあり、且つ、(i)互いに電気的接触状態にある金属粒子と、(ii)酸素に対する前記金属粒子の曝露が低減されると共に前記金属粒子及びその副産物の相対運動が制約されるように、それぞれの前記金属粒子の少なくとも一部分を取り囲む水酸化物イオン透過性の且つ実質的に活性金属イオン及びガス透過性の外皮と、を含む伝導性マトリクスと、
を有することを特徴とするアノード。 - 請求項14に記載の金属アノードにおいて、前記伝導性マトリクスは、前記金属粒子の一部分と接触しているか又はそれらに埋め込まれた伝導性添加物を更に有することを特徴とする金属アノード。
- 請求項15に記載の金属アノードにおいて、前記伝導性添加物は、伝導性ファイバ、伝導性ナノチューブ、グラファイト粉、金属粉、伝導性ポリマー、金属ウィスカー、圧縮された金属ファイバ、金属フェルト、又は炭素フェルトであることを特徴とする金属アノード。
- 請求項14に記載の金属アノードにおいて、前記外皮は、ポリマー又は金属酸化物であることを特徴とする金属アノード。
- 電極組立体において、
金属集電器と、前記集電器との電気的接触状態にある伝導性マトリクスと、を含むアノードであって、前記伝導性マトリクスは、互いに電気的接触状態にある金属粒子と、酸素に対する前記金属粒子の曝露が低減されると共に前記金属粒子及びその副産物の相対運動が制約されるように、それぞれの前記金属粒子の少なくとも一部分を取り囲む水酸化物イオン透過性の且つ実質的に活性金属イオン及びガス不透過性のスキンと、を含む、アノードと、
触媒カソードと、
前記アノードと前記カソードの間に配設されたセパレータと、
前記カソードに隣接したガス拡散層と、
を有することを特徴とする電極組立体。 - 請求項18に記載の電極組立体において、前記伝導性マトリクスは、前記金属粒子の一部分と接触しているか又はそれらに埋め込まれた伝導性添加物を更に有することを特徴とする電極組立体。
- 請求項19に記載の電極組立体において、前記伝導性添加物は、伝導性ファイバ、伝導性ナノチューブ、グラファイト粉、金属粉、伝導性ポリマー、金属ウィスカー、圧縮された金属ファイバ、金属フェルト、又は炭素フェストであることを特徴とする電極組立体。
- 請求項18に記載の電極組立体において、前記スキンは、ポリマー又は金属酸化物であることを特徴とする電極組立体。
- 請求項18に記載の電極組立体において、前記アノードは、前記セパレータとの接触状態にあり、前記カソードは、前記セパレータとの接触状態にあり、且つ、前記ガス拡散層は、前記カソードと接触していることを特徴とする電極組立体。
- 請求項18に記載の電極組立体において、前記セパレータは、誘電性を有することを特徴とする電極組立体。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US13/526,842 US8535851B1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | Metal-air battery and gas impermeable anodic conductive matrix |
US13/526,842 | 2012-06-19 | ||
PCT/US2013/043874 WO2013191880A1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-06-03 | Metal-air battery and gas impermeable anodic conductive matrix |
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JP2015525457A true JP2015525457A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
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JP2015518420A Pending JP2015525457A (ja) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-06-03 | 金属空気電池及びガス不透過性アノード伝導性マトリクス |
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US (2) | US8535851B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2015525457A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20150031437A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102013106355A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013191880A1 (ja) |
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KR101618161B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-13 | 2016-05-04 | 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 | 금속공기 전지 유닛 |
KR101764486B1 (ko) | 2015-07-29 | 2017-08-04 | 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 | 금속 공기 전지 유닛 |
WO2020137546A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-07-02 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | バイポーラ型金属空気電池、空気極製造方法、及び、集電体製造方法 |
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US8535851B1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-09-17 | ZAF Energy Systems, Incorporated | Metal-air battery and gas impermeable anodic conductive matrix |
DE102014218993A1 (de) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Separator-Kathodenstromkollektor-Element |
EP3284128A4 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2019-01-02 | Optodot Corporation | Coated stacks for batteries and related manufacturing methods |
KR102364844B1 (ko) | 2015-04-30 | 2022-02-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 금속 공기 전지 및 금속 공기 전지의 작동방법 |
JP6608668B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-23 | 2019-11-20 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電極およびその製造方法 |
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US20130337349A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
WO2013191880A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
US8535851B1 (en) | 2013-09-17 |
DE102013106355A1 (de) | 2013-12-19 |
US9099753B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
KR20150031437A (ko) | 2015-03-24 |
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