JP2015516041A - Reciprocating compressor and cam mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

A cam operated valve for a compressor provides a mechanism for changing the time interval during which the cam operated valve is opened and / or while the cam operated valve is open during the time range of the compression cycle. Including. The reciprocating compressor has a body (910) that includes a compression chamber (922) and an elongated portion, is disposed within the body and rotates about a rotational axis to perform rotation during each compression cycle. And an actuating element disposed within the body and configured to receive linear or angular displacement by the elongated portion of the cam, and a flow path or compression toward the fluid compression chamber (922) And a valve (932) arranged in the flow path from the chamber (922) and configured to be switched to an open state by the actuating element. The reciprocating compressor further includes a controller configured to adjust valve timing. [Selection] Figure 9

Description

  Embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter relate generally to cam operated valves used in reciprocating compressors, and more particularly, cam operated valves are opened during the time range of a compression cycle. It relates to a mechanism for changing the time and / or changing the time interval while the cam operated valve is open.

  Compressors are used in engines, turbines, power generation, refrigeration applications, oil and gas processing, and others to increase fluid pressure. One particular consideration that must be considered with respect to compressors used in the oil and gas industry is that compressed fluids are often corrosive and flammable. The American Petroleum Institute (API), an organization that sets accredited industry standards for equipment used in the oil and gas industry, is a document called API 618 that lists a complete set of minimum requirements for reciprocating compressors. (The June 2011 version of this document is hereby incorporated by reference). Therefore, the valves and compressors discussed herein should be compliant with these requirements. In other words, the valves and compressors used in other industries, such as the automotive industry, would not be considered similar to those used in the oil and gas industry by those skilled in the art.

  Conventionally, a valve used in a reciprocating compressor is in a closed state (that is, a state that prevents passage of fluid) and an open state (that is, a state that allows passage of fluid) due to a pressure difference between both ends thereof. It was an automatic valve that can be switched between. Using an actuated valve instead of an automatic valve reduces the clearance volume occupied by the valve (ie, the portion of the compression chamber volume from which compressed fluid cannot be released) compared to an automatic valve Have the benefit of being. However, the operation of these compressors requires a large force, a large displacement and a short response time compared to the respective ranges of parameters characterizing the currently available actuators.

  One mechanism that can be utilized to provide the required large force and short actuation time uses a continuously rotating cam. One problem with this conventional mechanism is that the angle of the elongated portion of the cam where the valve opens during the compression cycle and the time interval during which the valve is open causes the displacement to actuate the valve by rotation. It is fixedly determined based on the position and the angle span.

  Provided in a reciprocating compressor is a valve assembly and method for a cam operated valve that allows adjustment of the time when the cam operated valve is opened during the compression cycle and / or the time interval during which the valve is open. It is desirable.

  Some embodiments provide a valve actuation mechanism and cam that includes a cam that allows adjustment of timing (i.e., when the valve opens during the compression cycle and / or the time interval during which the valve is open) during the cam operated valve. Provide a way to do it. Allowing adjustment of the valve timing provides the advantage of flexibility, which allows optimization of the compression cycle for different working fluids and / or compression conditions.

International Publication No. 2007/140283

  According to an exemplary embodiment, a reciprocating compressor configured to perform a compression cycle to compress a fluid is provided. This reciprocating compressor has (A) a main body including a compression chamber in which fluid is compressed, and (B) an elongated portion, and is disposed inside the main body and rotates around a rotation axis. A cam configured to perform rotation during each compression cycle; and (C) an actuating element disposed within the body and configured to receive linear or angular displacement by an elongated portion of the cam. And (D) a valve disposed in a flow path toward or from the compression chamber of the fluid and configured to be switched to an open state by the actuating element. The reciprocating compressor further includes a controller configured to adjust when the valve is opened during the compression cycle.

  According to another exemplary embodiment, a reciprocating compressor configured to perform a compression cycle is provided. The reciprocating compressor has (A) a main body including a compression chamber in which a fluid is compressed, and (B) an elongated portion. The reciprocating compressor is disposed inside the main body and rotates around a rotation axis. And a cam configured to perform rotation during each compression cycle, and (C) disposed within the main body and maintained in contact with the cam for performing linear movement with respect to the rotation axis. A stem configured to be configured, and (D) a valve configured to be switched between an open state and a closed state by linear movement of the stem. The reciprocating compressor further includes a controller configured to adjust a time interval during which the valve is open during the compression cycle.

  According to another exemplary embodiment, a method of adjusting the timing of a reciprocating compressor valve is provided. The method includes providing a cam having a profile configured such that at least one of (1) the angular position of the elongated portion and (2) the angle covered by the elongated portion varies smoothly along the rotational axis of the cam. including. The method further changes the position of the shaft along the cam rotation axis where contact with the cam is maintained, after which (1) the final portion of the cam elongated portion differs from the initial angular position of the elongated portion of the cam. And (2) causing the final angle covered by the elongated portion to differ from the initial angle covered by the elongated portion to achieve at least one of the following:

  In accordance with another exemplary embodiment, a cam mechanism is provided that can be used to actuate a valve disposed in the flow path to or from the compression chamber of a fluid reciprocating compressor. The cam mechanism includes a cam that is configured to rotate about a rotational axis and perform rotation during each compression cycle, and has a profile such that the outer wall of the cam is not parallel to the rotational axis. The cam mechanism further includes an actuating element configured to undergo linear or angular displacement by the elongated portion of the cam to switch the valve to an open state. The cam mechanism further includes a controller configured to adjust when the valve is opened during the compression cycle.

  The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one or more embodiments, and together with the description, explain these embodiments. .

1 is a schematic diagram of an actuation assembly according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram of a cam mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cam mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram of an unconventional 3D cam profile according to an exemplary embodiment. 7 is a graph illustrating the effect of changing the point in time when a valve is opened according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cam having an unconventional three-dimensional profile according to another exemplary embodiment. 6 is a graph illustrating the effect of changing the time interval during which a valve is open according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cam mechanism according to another exemplary embodiment. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reciprocating compressor according to another exemplary embodiment. FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for adjusting timing characteristics for opening a valve of a reciprocating compressor according to an exemplary embodiment.

  The following description of exemplary embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers identify the same or similar elements throughout the drawings. The following detailed description does not limit the invention. Rather, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. For simplicity, the following embodiments will be discussed with respect to terminology and structure for cam operated valves for reciprocating compressors used in the oil and gas industry. However, the embodiments to be discussed below do not limit these compressors, and may be applied to other compressors.

  Throughout this specification, references to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” are among the at least one embodiment of the subject matter disclosed by a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment. It means that it is included. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

  One of the objectives of the embodiments described below is to provide a cam operated valve and associated method for a reciprocating compressor with adjustable timing. In the oil and gas industry, the actuator 110 is often an electric motor, and is external to the compressor body 130 to prevent contact with the working fluid (which may be flammable) as shown in FIG. It is preferable to arrange them. The shaft 120 (which can be rotated or moved linearly) passes through the compressor body 130 to transmit the actuation motion generated by the actuator 110.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a cam mechanism 200 that includes a cam 210 that can rotate continuously about a rotational axis 220, such as performing one full rotation during each compression cycle of a reciprocating compressor. The cam 210 has an elongated portion 215 that extends away from the rotation shaft 220 (ie, a portion in which the distance from any point of the elongated portion 215 to the rotation shaft 220 is larger than the radius R of the remaining portion of the cam 210). The stem 230 maintains contact with the outer periphery of the cam while maintaining the orientation along the shaft 235. The stem 230 may be as simple as a return force due to a pressure differential at the opposite end of the stem 230, or as simple as a spring (although it may have various other embodiments). It can be pushed in the direction of the cam 210 by the mechanism. While the cam 210 rotates, the stem 230 performs a linear motion, during which the stem 230 is pushed away from the rotating shaft 220 and then slides back in the direction of the rotating shaft 220. This linear motion may be used to actuate a linear valve or may be converted to angular displacement to actuate a rotary valve.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism 300 that can be used to operate a linear valve of a reciprocating compressor. Actuators 320 and 330 (eg, electric motors) are configured to provide rotational motion and angular displacement, respectively, and are located outside of compressor body 310.

  The cam actuator 320 provides a rotational motion characterized by an angular velocity ω about the rotational axis 325. This rotational motion is transmitted to the cam 340 through a cam shaft 350 that penetrates the compressor body 310. The seal 345 prevents the working fluid of the reciprocating compressor 310 from leaking to the outside where the camshaft 350 penetrates the compressor body 310. Cam 340 causes rotation during each compression cycle.

  The valve stem 365 is maintained in contact with the outer periphery of the cam 340. As the cam 340 rotates, the valve stem 365 performs a linear motion (as indicated by the up and down arrows on the valve stem 365) relative to the axis of rotation 325. That is, when the elongated portion of the cam 340 is oriented toward the valve stem 365 and is below the shaft 325 (shown using a solid line), the valve stem 365 is further away from the shaft 325. When the elongated portion is oriented in the opposite direction and is above the shaft 325 away from the valve stem 365 (shown using a dashed line), the valve stem approaches the shaft 325.

  While the reciprocating compressor is performing a compression cycle, the cam 340 attached to the cam holder 355 is in a fixed longitudinal and axial position with respect to the camshaft 350. However, the cam 340 and the cam holder 355 can move with respect to the camshaft 350 while the reciprocating compressor is not performing a compression cycle.

  In one embodiment, longitudinal shifts are possible by the presence of a convoluted axial groove 360 on the inner surface of the cam holder 355 and the outer surface of the camshaft 350. As a result of changing the longitudinal position of the cam 340 with respect to the camshaft 350, the contact point 366 of the valve stem 365 and the cam 340 moves along the cam 340 within the range between the positions A and B.

  As the cam holder slide 370 moves longitudinally due to the angular displacement generated by the cam position actuator 330, the cam holder 355 moves longitudinally (ie, parallel to the shaft 325). The cam position actuator 330 includes (or is controlled by) the controller 331 configured to initiate an angular displacement actuation that triggers a linear displacement of the cam holder slide 370. The cam position actuator 330 rotates a cam position actuation shaft 335 that passes through the compressor body 310. Where the cam position shaft 335 penetrates the main body 310, the seal 375 prevents the fluid inside the reciprocating compressor from leaking out. The rotation of the cam position actuation shaft 335 is due to the presence of a coupling 380 (eg, a male thread on the shaft 335 and a female thread on the cam holder slide 370) between the cam position actuation shaft 335 and the cam holder slide 370. To the longitudinal displacement (indicated by the left and right arrows). The guide piece 385 is aligned with the cam holder slide 370 and the inner wall of the compressor body 310. Actuator 330, cam position actuation shaft 335, cam holder slide 370, guide piece 385 and cam holder 355 can also be considered as all components of a controller configured to adjust when the valve is opened. .

  According to this embodiment, the cam 340 has an unconventional three-dimensional profile as shown in FIG. 4 so that the outer wall of the cam rotates in several sections including the axis of rotation 425 of the cam 440. It is not parallel to the axis. Conventionally, the cam has an outer wall that is substantially parallel to the rotational axis in all cross sections including the rotational axis.

  Consider a line connecting a point at which the rotating shaft 425 intersects the section of the cam 440 perpendicular to the rotating shaft 425 and a point on the outer periphery of the cam farthest from the rotating shaft 425. The angular position of the elongated portion 441 in this cross section is an angle with respect to the reference direction of this line (the reference direction is independent of the cross section).

  The angular position of the elongated portion 441 of the cam 440 in FIG. 4 varies for different cross sections along the rotational axis 425. For example, in a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis 425 on the right side of the cam profile, a point O (a point where the rotation axis 425 intersects the cross section) by a line 442 and a point 443 which is a point on the outer periphery of the cam farthest from the point O Is tied. When the reference direction is a line 444 parallel to the line 442, the angular position of the elongated portion 441 in the right cross section of the cam 440 is zero. A line 442 ′ and a line 446 connecting a point O ′ where the rotating shaft 425 intersects the cross section on the left side of the cam 440 and a point 443 ′ on the outer periphery of the cam farthest from the rotating shaft 425 in the left cross section are parallel to the line 446. The angular position of the elongated portion 441 in the left cross section is Φ. The angular position of the elongate portion 441 smoothly varies between 0 and Φ for each different section in the cam length direction. This elongate portion has the same single angular position for all cross-sections in the lengthwise direction of a conventional cam.

  Because of this non-conventional three-dimensional profile, when the cam 340 is shifted along its rotational axis at the point of contact with the valve stem 365 having a cross section perpendicular to the rotational axis of the cam, after the cam has been shifted. The final angular position of the elongate portion is different from its initial angular position (before the cam is shifted).

  FIG. 5 graphically illustrates the effect of changing the angular position of the elongated portion relative to when the valve is opened. The x-axis of the graph represents the angle value of the crank angle corresponding to the time during the compression cycle (the crankshaft makes one full rotation 0-360 during each cycle of the compressor). The y-axis of the graph shows the state of the valve. Prior to adjusting the cam position along its axis, the valve remains open for a predetermined period of time as shown by the solid line 510. When the cam position was shifted along the axis of rotation and the angular position of the elongated portion changed, the valve remained open for the same time period but was open before shifting the cam, as indicated by the dashed line 520 Open at a different point in the process than the point in time. Thus, the point in time when the valve is opened is adjusted by adjusting the angular position of the elongated portion.

  According to another embodiment, the cam 340 has a conventional profile, but can be rotated with respect to the camshaft 350 by replacing the axial groove of the above embodiment with a helical gear 360. . The helical gear 360 is disposed between the camshaft 350 and the cam holder 355 and converts the translation of the cam holder 355 (for example, pushed by the cam holder slide 370) into its rotation with respect to the camshaft 350. . In this case, a bushing (not shown) may be disposed between the cam holder 355 and the cam holder slide 370 to carry the axial throw of the helical gear 360 during normal operation. Transmission of tangential force to the slide 370 is avoided.

  Thus, when the valve is opened during the compression cycle, (1) contact between the valve stem and the cam when the cam has an unconventional profile where the angular position of the elongated portion varies along the length of the cam. The angular position of the elongate part of a normal cam by moving the point in the length direction of the cam or (2) the helical gear allowing the cam to have an angular displacement with respect to the camshaft. Can be adjusted by changing.

According to another embodiment, the cam 640 may have another type of non-conventional profile whose outer wall is also not parallel to the axis of rotation. In the case of cam 640, the angle over which the elongated portion of the cam extends varies with the length of the cam. The angle covered by the elongated portion is a line connecting the points separating the elongated portion (where the distance from the point on the outer periphery to the rotation center O is larger than the radius of the cam) from the remaining portion of the cam on the outer periphery of the cam. It is prescribed by. Figure 6A is an elongated portion shows a cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation of cam 640 spanning the first angle alpha _1, and FIG. 6B is elongated portion is alpha ₁ greater than the second angle α ₂ (α ₁ <α ₂ ) shows another cross section of the cam. The angle over which the elongated portion extends varies smoothly (ie, not stepped) along the length of the cam 640. In contrast, conventional cams have a profile such that the outer wall is parallel to the axis of rotation and the angle spanned by the elongate portion is constant along its length.

When the cam rotates at a constant angular velocity, the difference in the angle over which the elongate portion extends causes the difference in the time interval during which the valve is open as shown graphically in FIG. The axes in the graph of FIG. 7 have the same meaning as in the graph of FIG. The solid line 710 corresponds to the time interval during which the valve is open when the elongate portion has a contact point with the cam of the valve stem at the portion extending over the first angle α ₁ . Dashed line 720 corresponds to the time interval during which the valve is open when the elongate portion of the cam spans the second angle α ₂ with a contact point with the valve stem cam.

  In one embodiment, the elongated portion has the same angular position along the length of the cam, while the angle spanned by the elongated position varies along the length of the cam.

  However, in other embodiments, the non-conventional profile may combine the angular position variation of the elongated position (along the length of the cam) with the angular variation covered by the elongated portion.

  Changing the time interval during which the valve remains open during the compression cycle also causes the angular velocity of the normal cam to fluctuate (for example, comparing the cam to the average angular velocity while the valve stem is in contact with its elongated portion). Rotating more slowly or faster). Since the duration of the compression cycle remains the same, the cam rotates faster or slower, respectively, compared to the average angular velocity while the valve stem is not in contact with its elongated portion. That is, during each compression cycle, the angular velocity of the rotational movement of the cam around the rotational axis will have at least two different values. In this case, the controller controls an actuator (eg, an electric motor) that causes the cam to rotate. The controller may be disposed within the actuator or connected to the actuator. It appears that the fluctuation of the angular velocity of the cam has revived the technical challenge of short operating time and large force that was solved using a constant rotating cam. However, the force required to change the angular velocity is smaller than the force required to cause linear displacement or angular displacement from a stationary state.

  According to another exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the rotary valve actuation mechanism 800 includes actuators 820 and 830 (eg, electric motors) disposed external to the compressor body 810. The cam actuator 820 rotates the cam shaft 850 that penetrates the cover 815 of the compressor body 810. The seal 845 prevents the working fluid from leaking outside the compressor body 810 where the camshaft 850 penetrates the cover 815. Camshaft 850 transmits rotational motion about axis 825 to cams 835 and 840. Cams 835 and 840 perform rotation during each compression cycle.

  While cams 835 and 840 are rotating, the elongated portions move arms 865 and 869, respectively, in the manner shown in FIG. 8B. The elongated portions of cams 835 and 840 move arms 865 and 869 at different times during the compression cycle to achieve opening and closing of a rotary valve having a valve shaft 868 connected to a valve rotor (not shown). ing. The cam 840 and the arm 865 may be referred to as an opening cam and an opening arm, respectively. Cam 835 and arm 869 may be referred to as a closing cam and a closing arm, respectively.

  The cam 840 attached to the cam holder 855 is in a fixed position along the camshaft 850 while the reciprocating compressor is performing a compression cycle. However, the cam 840 and the cam holder 855 can be moved with reference to the camshaft 850 while the reciprocating compressor is not performing a compression cycle.

  Similar to the embodiment described in connection with FIG. 3, if the cam 840 has a non-conventional 3D profile as shown in FIG. 4, the axial groove 860 on the cam holder 855 and the camshaft 850 cause the cam 840 and the cam holder 855 can be shifted along the rotation axis 825. Alternatively, if the cam 840 has a conventional profile, the helical gear 860 between the cam holder 855 and the cam shaft 850 can cause the cam 840 and the cam holder 855 to rotate with respect to the cam shaft 850. The cam holder 855 does not move while the reciprocating compressor is performing a compression cycle, and therefore the position of the cam 840 relative to the camshaft 850 is maintained. In either alternative embodiment, changing the position of the cam 840 (longitudinal or angular) relative to the camshaft results in a change in when the valve is opened.

  The cam holder 855 and the cam 840 move with respect to the cam shaft 850 when the cam holder slide 870 is moved in the longitudinal direction by the angular displacement generated by the cam position actuator 830. The cam position actuator 830 includes (or is controlled by) the controller 831 configured to initiate an angular displacement actuation that triggers a linear displacement of the cam holder slide 870.

  The cam position operating machine 830 rotates the cam position operating shaft 873 that penetrates the cover 815. Where the cam position actuation shaft 873 penetrates the cover 815, a seal 875 prevents leakage of fluid inside the reciprocating compressor to the outside. Since there is a coupling 880 between the cam position actuation shaft 873 and the cam holder slide 870, the angular displacement of the cam position actuation shaft 873 is converted into a longitudinal displacement of the cam holder slide 870 (indicated by left and right arrows). . The guide piece 885 is aligned with the cam holder slide 870 and the inner wall of the compressor body 810.

  Therefore, when the longitudinal position or the angular position of the cam 840 with respect to the camshaft 850 is changed, the time when the valve is opened is changed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, the time when the valve is closed remains the same, so this change in the time when the valve is opened further modifies the time interval during which the valve is open.

  However, according to another embodiment, a mechanism similar to that discussed above for adjusting when the valve is opened may be present to adjust when the valve is closed. In this case, it is possible to adjust or only shift the duration that the valve is open by changing one or both of when the valve is opened and when the valve is closed.

A valve operated by a cam mechanism that enables timing adjustment as described above can be used in a two-chamber reciprocating compressor 900 as shown in FIG. However, a valve operated by a mechanism including a cam can also be used in a single-chamber reciprocating compressor. The compressor 900 is a two-chamber reciprocating compressor having a compressor body 910. Compression is performed inside the compression chambers 922 and 924 of the compressor 900. The working fluid having the first pressure P ₁ flows into the compression chambers 922 and 924 through the inlet 930 when the suction valve 932 or 934 is open. Compressed fluid having a _second pressure P ₂ > P ₁ is discharged from the compression chambers 922 and 924 through outlet 940 when discharge valve 942 or 944 is open. Fluid compression is performed by the longitudinal movement of the piston 950 between the head end 926 and the crank end 928. The compression chambers 922 and 924 operate in different phases of the cyclic compression process, and the volume of the compression chamber 922 is at its lowest value when the volume of the compression chamber 924 is at its highest value, and vice versa. The piston 950 is moved by energy received from a crankshaft (not shown) via a crosshead (not shown) and a piston rod 980, for example. In FIG. 9, the valves 932, 934, 942 and 944 are shown as being disposed on the side wall 920 of the compression body. However, the valves 932, 942, 934, and 944 may be disposed on the head end 926 and / or the crank end 928, respectively.

  Unlike an automatic valve (which can be switched between open and closed according to the pressure difference on the opposite side of the movable part of the valve), the valve 932 is a cam operated rotary that opens when it receives an angular displacement from the mechanism 937 of FIG. It is a valve. Mechanism 937 includes a cam (not shown) and is similar to mechanism 800 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B configured to impart angular displacement to the valve stem to open and close rotary valve 932. There are things to do. In an alternative embodiment, the linear valve may be actuated by a mechanism similar to the mechanism 300 of FIG. 3 instead of the rotary valve.

  One or more valves of reciprocating compressor 900 may be cam operated valves. Some embodiments may include a combination of cam operated valves and automatic valves, and even if all of the cams are cam operated, only some of the cams can be timed. It is made to constitute as follows. For example, the suction valve (eg, 932, 934) may be a cam operated valve configured to adjust the timing of the valve, while the discharge valve (eg, 942, 944) may be an automatic valve. .

  In addition to being configured to actuate valve 932, mechanism 937 is also configured to change when the valve is opened during the compression cycle and / or the time interval during which the valve is open.

  FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of a method 1000 for adjusting timing characteristics for opening a reciprocating compressor valve according to an exemplary embodiment. The method 1000 provides a cam having a three-dimensional profile configured such that at least one of (1) the angular position of the elongated portion and (2) the angle covered by the elongated portion varies smoothly along the axis of rotation S1010. Including the steps. Further, the method 1000 changes the position along the axis of rotation where the valve stem is in contact with the outer periphery of the cam, after which (1) the final angle at which the elongated portion of the cam is different from the initial angular position of the elongated portion of the cam. And (2) the step of S1020 achieving at least one of causing the final angle covered by the elongated portion to be different from the initial angle covered by the elongated portion.

  The method 1000 may further include rotating the cam with respect to the camshaft configured to transmit rotational motion to the cam to change the angular position of the elongated portion. The method 1000 may further include changing the duration of the linear motion by changing the angular velocity of the cam that rotates about the axis of rotation to have at least two different angular velocity values during each compression cycle.

  The disclosed exemplary embodiments provide a valve assembly and associated method that includes a cam for operating the valve in a reciprocating compressor used in the oil and gas industry. It should be understood that this description is not intended to limit the invention. On the contrary, these exemplary embodiments are intended to embrace alternatives, modifications and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments, certain numerical details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the claimed invention. However, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.

  Although the features and elements of this exemplary embodiment are described in specific combinations within these embodiments, each feature or element is used alone without the other features or elements of these embodiments. It can also be used in various combinations with or without other features and elements disclosed herein.

  This written description uses examples related to the disclosed subject matter to enable any person skilled in the art to do so, including making and using any device or system, and performing any method incorporated. The patentable scope of the subject matter is defined in the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Actuator 120 Shaft 130 Compressor main body 200 Cam mechanism 210 Cam 215 Elongated portion 220 Rotating shaft 230 Stem 235 Shaft 300 Mechanism usable for operating linear valve 310 Compressor main body 320 Actuator 325 Rotating shaft 330 Actuator 335 Shaft 340 Cam 350 Cam shaft 355 Cam holder 365 Valve stem 366 Contact point between valve stem and cam 370 Cam holder slide 380 Coupled between cam position operating shaft and cam holder slide 385 Guide piece 425 Rotating shaft 440 Cam 441 Elongated portion 442 of cam Line 442 'Line 443 Point on cam outer periphery 443' Point on cam outer periphery 444 Line 446 Line 640 Cam 800 Rotary valve operating mechanism 810 Compressor body 815 Cover 820 Actuator 825 Shaft 830 Actuator 831 Controller 835 Cam 840 Cam 845 Seal 850 Cam shaft 855 Cam holder 860 Helical gear 860 Axial groove 865 Arm 868 Valve shaft 869 Arm 870 Cam holder slide 873 Cam position actuating shaft 875 Seal 880 Cam position actuating shaft and cam Joined between holder slides 885 Guide piece 900 Dual reciprocating compressor 910 Compressor body 920 Side wall of compression body 922 Compression chamber 924 Compression chamber 926 Head end 928 Crank end 930 Inlet 932 Rotary valve 932 Suction valve 934 Suction valve 937 Mechanism 940 Outlet 942 Release valve 944 Release valve 950 Piston

Claims (12)

A reciprocating compressor (900) configured to perform a compression cycle to compress a fluid, comprising:
A body (310, 810, 910) including a compression chamber (922) in which fluid is compressed;
A cam having an elongated portion and disposed within the body (310, 810) and configured to rotate about an axis of rotation (325, 425, 825) and perform rotation during each compression cycle (340, 440, 840),
An actuating element (365, 865) disposed within the body (310, 810) and configured to receive linear or angular displacement by the elongated portion of the cam;
A valve (932) disposed in a flow path of the fluid toward the compression chamber (922) or a flow path from the compression chamber (922), and is switched to an open state by the actuating elements (365, 865). A valve (932) configured as follows:
A controller (331, 831) configured to adjust when the valve during the compression cycle is opened;
A reciprocating compressor. The cam has a profile configured such that an angular position of the elongated portion changes smoothly in a cross section along the rotation axis;
The controller initiates an angular displacement that leads to movement of the cam along the rotational axis, whereby the actuating element is moved after the cam is moved in a cross section perpendicular to the rotational axis of the cam. At the final point of contact with the cam, the final angular position of the elongated portion is in contact with the cam before the cam is moved within a cross section perpendicular to the cam rotation axis. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the reciprocating compressor is configured to be different from an initial angular position of the elongated portion at an initial position. The controller is
An actuation mechanism configured to move the cam along the rotational axis when subjected to the angular displacement;
A cam position actuator disposed outside the body and configured to impart the angular displacement to the actuation mechanism;
The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, further comprising: The operating mechanism is:
It is configured to rotate according to the angular displacement, and one end is on the outside of the main body, the one end is connected to the cam position actuator, and the other end is on the inner side of the main body. A cam position actuating shaft mounted to
A cam holder slide disposed within the main body and in contact with the other end of the cam position operating shaft when the cam position operating shaft is rotated; A cam holder slide coupled to the cam position actuating shaft for linear displacement substantially parallel;
Mounted in contact with the cam holder slide and configured to move with the cam in the longitudinal direction relative to a camshaft that rotates the cam during a compression cycle when the cam holder slide is linearly displaced. A cam holder;
A reciprocating compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: Further comprising a camshaft configured to rotate the cam during a compression cycle;
The controller is configured to selectively rotate the cam with respect to the camshaft, thereby changing an angular position of the elongated portion where the operating element is in contact with the cam. The controller is
A cam position actuator disposed outside the body and configured to provide angular displacement;
It is configured to rotate according to the angular displacement, and one end is on the outside of the main body, the one end is connected to the cam position actuator, and the other end is on the inner side of the main body. A cam position actuating shaft mounted to
A cam holder slide disposed within the main body and in contact with the other end of the cam position operating shaft when the cam position operating shaft is rotated; A cam holder slide coupled to the cam position actuating shaft for linear displacement substantially in parallel;
A cam holder mounted in contact with the cam holder slide and configured to rotate with the cam relative to the cam shaft when the cam holder slide is linearly displaced;
A reciprocating compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: The reciprocating compressor according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the controller is further configured to adjust a time interval during which the valve is open. The controller has at least two different angular velocity values, a first angular velocity that is in contact with the elongate portion of the cam and a second angular velocity other than that, during each compression cycle. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, wherein the time interval is adjusted by controlling an angular velocity of the cam rotating around the rotation axis. The cam has a profile configured such that an angle spanned by the elongated portion varies along the axis of rotation;
The controller is configured such that, at a position where the stem is in contact with the cam, the elongate portion reaches the final angle different from the initial angle which has been reached after the movement after the movement. Configured to initiate movement along
The reciprocating compressor according to any one of the preceding claims. A method (1000) for adjusting the opening time of a cam operated valve of a reciprocating compressor,
Providing a cam having a profile configured to smoothly change at least one of an angular position of the elongated portion and (2) an angle covered by the elongated portion in a cross section along the rotation axis of the cam ( S1010)
Changing the position of the shaft along the cam rotation axis where contact with the cam is maintained, after which (1) the final angular position where the elongated portion of the cam differs from the initial angular position of the elongated portion of the cam And (2) achieving at least one of making the final angle covered by the elongated portion different from the initial angle covered by the elongated portion (S1020);
(1000). A cam mechanism (300) that can be used to actuate a valve (932) disposed in a flow path toward or from the compression chamber (922) of a fluid reciprocating compressor (900). 800)
A cam having a profile whose outer wall is not parallel to the axis of rotation, configured to rotate about the axis of rotation (325, 425, 825) of the reciprocating compressor and perform rotation during each compression cycle. 340, 440, 840),
An actuating element (365, 865) configured to receive a linear or angular displacement by the elongated portion of the cam to switch the valve to an open state;
A controller (330, 830) configured to adjust when the valve is opened during each compression cycle;
A cam mechanism comprising: A reciprocating compressor arranged to perform a compression cycle to compress a fluid comprising:
A body (310, 810, 910) including a compression chamber (922) in which fluid is compressed;
A cam mechanism according to claim 10;
A reciprocating compressor. The reciprocating compressor according to claim 1, comprising a cam mechanism according to claim 10.