JP2015511971A - 基板の酸化防止のためのコーティング組成物 - Google Patents
基板の酸化防止のためのコーティング組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015511971A JP2015511971A JP2014553841A JP2014553841A JP2015511971A JP 2015511971 A JP2015511971 A JP 2015511971A JP 2014553841 A JP2014553841 A JP 2014553841A JP 2014553841 A JP2014553841 A JP 2014553841A JP 2015511971 A JP2015511971 A JP 2015511971A
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Classifications
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- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D165/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09D165/02—Polyphenylenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G2261/342—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating partially-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms
- C08G2261/3422—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating partially-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing only carbon atoms conjugated, e.g. PPV-type
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Abstract
Description
である。
を有するポリ(3−ヘキシルチオフェン)であるポリチオフェンのアルキル誘導体である。
HOMO(Highest occupied molecular orbital)=最高被占分子軌道
LUMO(Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital)=最低空分子軌道
CPs(Conjugated polymers):共役ポリマー
PCBM:[6,6]−フェニル−C61−酪酸メチルエステル
MA:金属および合金
ET:電子移動
クロロホルム中のポリマーの希釈溶液を使用して、UV−vis吸収スペクトルを記録した。P1およびP3のλmaxは、それぞれ、455nmおよび442nmを中心としていた(図2参照)。P2のバンド間遷移は、304nmおよび400nmの2つのピークに分離していた。同様に、P4は、548nmおよび581nmに2つの吸収ピークを示した(図2)。ポリマーP2およびP4の場合において、2つの明確なピークの出現は、振電結合に起因しており、これは、ポリマー骨格における高度な規則性を示唆している。ポリマーコーティングされた石英スライドを基板として使用して、ポリマーの薄膜のUV−visスペクトルを記録した。P1、P2、P3、およびP4のλmaxは、それぞれ、6nm、12nm、113nmおよび10nm赤方偏移した。吸収の全体の最大値における偏移は、薄膜内のポリマー鎖が平坦化した結果である。P1、P2、P3およびP4の低エネルギー吸収の開始から推定されるバンドギャップは、それぞれ、2.4eV、2.7eV、2.3eVおよび2.0eVである。また、バンドギャップは、吸収および発光スペクトルの交差点における波長からも推定され得る。発光スペクトルは、ポリマーの希釈溶液、およびその吸収スペクトルから決定されたその対応するλmaxでの励起を使用して記録した(図2)。
本発明によれば、電気化学的インピーダンス分光法(EIS)は、基板の酸化の防止におけるコーティングの有効性の迅速な測定を提供する。0.5MのNaCl溶液中で、作用電極としてポリマーコーティングされたスチール基板を、参照電極としてカロメル電極を、また対電極として大型のPt箔を使用することにより、実験を行った。基板の酸化の防止におけるポリマーの有効性が測定され、ポリマー膜の抵抗(Ωcm−2)として報告された。有効性は、全てのポリマーに対して得られたNyquistプロットに半円をフィッティングすることにより、計算した(図4)。抵抗は、P1からP4に徐々に減少し、これは、ポリマーのHOMOエネルギー準位に比例していた(図3)。P1およびP2は、104Ωcm−2オーダーの抵抗を示した。高い抵抗は、その酸素より下の低い位置にあるHOMOエネルギー準位に起因した。したがって、ポリマーから酸素への電子移動は、P1およびP2ポリマーにおいては実現不可能である。P4およびむき出しのスチール基板の抵抗は、非常に近く、スチール酸化を防止するポリマーの非有効性を示したが、これは、高い位置にあるHOMOエネルギー準位の結果であった。
ポリマーは、酸化後に酸素への電子を失い、表面上に正孔を形成する。これらの正孔は、ポリマー膜内を基板に向けて移動し、そこで電子が移動して正孔を充填する(図5)。このように、正孔キャリア移動度は、ポリマーによる酸化防止において重要な役割を担う。
本ポリマーは、膜形成後に表面に疎水性を付与する直鎖および分岐アルキル鎖を含む。水を使用して調製された溶液中で、酸化防止の調査を行った。したがって、全体的プロセスは、疎水性表面と親水性溶媒との間の相互作用を含む。
ポリマーコーティングされた基板を0.5MのNaClに暴露した後に、SEM画像化を行った。ポリマー膜調製手順は、EIS調査において使用されたものと同様であった。ポリマー膜を0.5MのNaClに3時間暴露し、次いで、膜を水で洗浄して、吸着したNaClを表面から除去した。膜を乾燥させ、電子顕微鏡で画像化する前に金でコーティングした。P3およびP4は、ベース基板から膜を通して突出した酸化鉄の形成を示した(図7)。P4の場合、0.5MのNaClに対する1時間の暴露後に、赤色酸化鉄形成が肉眼で観察された。一方、P1およびP2の場合、表面形態に識別可能な変化は観察されなかった。しかしながら、長期的な暴露は、P1およびP2の上の酸化鉄の形成をもたらし、ポリマー膜上の細孔の悪影響を示していた。
PCBMをAmerican dye sourceから購入し、それ以上精製せずに使用した。HPLCグレードのクロロホルムをAldrichから購入し、蒸留してCaH2上で保存した。Ptワイヤ(99.9%)をArora Mattheyから購入し、ガラス内に密封して作用電極として使用した。スチール基板は、現地の供給業者から購入した。
ポリマー膜は、通常、クロロホルム溶液から基板をコーティングすることにより調製される。ポリマー−PCBM組成物は、クロロホルム中でポリマーをPCBMと混合し、次いで膜を基板上にコーティングすることにより調製される。PCBMに対するポリマーの比は、0.5mlクロロホルム(HPLCグレード)中で1:2(重量%)であった。
本発明は、ポリマーのバンド端からの酸化防止のために好適なポリマーを特定するための手法を開示する。さらに、本発明は、通常腐食促進イオンを許容するポリマー内の細孔を塞ぐために、有機ナノ粒子を使用する。コーティングの方法は、基板の塗布と同様である。特別な注意が必要となることはない。
Claims (10)
- ポリフェニレンビニレンまたはポリチオフェンのエーテル誘導体からなる群より選択されるバンド端調整共役ポリマーと疎水性球状の炭素分子とを、1:2(重量%)の特定の比で含む、基板の酸化/腐食の防止のためのコーティング組成物。
- ポリチオフェンのエーテル誘導体およびポリフェニレンビニレンのエーテル誘導体が、
である、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 前記バンド端調整共役ポリマーが、任意選択的に、式P3
を有するポリ(3−ヘキシルチオフェン)であるポリチオフェンのアルキル誘導体である、請求項1に記載の組成物。 - 疎水性球状の炭素分子が、[6,6]−フェニル−C61−酪酸メチルエステル(PCBM)である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- PCBMが、1.0nmから1.5nmのファンデルワールス直径を有する、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記基板が、鉄合金、アルミニウム合金、銅合金、コバルト合金、ニッケル合金からなる群より選択される金属合金であり、前記鉄合金は、スチールである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 式P1、P2、P3およびP4の共役ポリマーのより低いエネルギーの吸収開始のバンドギャップが、それぞれ、2.4eV、2.7eV、2.3eVおよび2.0eVである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 式P1、P2、P3およびP4の共役ポリマーの最高被占分子軌道エネルギー準位が、それぞれ、−6.0、−5.8、−5.1および−4.4である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 式P1、P2およびP3の共役ポリマーの電荷キャリア移動度が、それぞれ、1.7×10−9cm2V−1s−1、8.0×10−10cm2V−1s−1および6.1×10−5cm2V−1s−1である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 共役ポリマーとPCBMとのブレンドが、90°から110°の範囲内のより高い水接触角を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
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