JP2015506951A - 成長ホルモン変異体および成長ホルモン受容体を標的化するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む併用療法 - Google Patents
成長ホルモン変異体および成長ホルモン受容体を標的化するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む併用療法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
配列番号1 野生型ヒト成長ホルモン(hGH)ヌクレオチド配列
配列番号2 野生型hGHポリペプチド配列
配列番号3 ソマバートポリペプチド配列
配列番号4 ヒト成長ホルモン受容体(hGHR)cDNA配列
配列番号5 hGHR遺伝子配列
配列番号6〜83 hGHRを標的化するオリゴヌクレオチド
配列番号84〜154 hGHRの標的配列
別途具体的に定義されない限り、本明細書で使用されるすべての技術および科学用語は、(例えば、アンチセンス技術、組み換え技術、細胞培養、分子遺伝子学、免疫学、免疫組織化学、タンパク質化学、および生物化学の)当業者によって一般に理解されるものと同一の意味を有しなければならない。
本発明は、インスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)のレベルの上昇によって引き起こされる、および/またはそれに関連付けられる疾患、障害、または状態の予防および/または治療に有用な方法を提供する。本明細書に使用される場合、「治療」という用語は、疾患、障害、または状態の変化または改善をもたらすための薬学的組成物を投与することを指す。本明細書に使用される場合、「予防」という用語は、疾患、障害、または状態の少なくとも1つの症状の発達を止めるか、または妨げるための薬学的組成物を投与することを指す。治療に対して標的とされる対象は、哺乳動物、好ましくはヒトである。本明細書に使用される場合、「インスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)のレベルの上昇」とは、年齢および性別で調整される正常範囲を超えるレベル、またはその範囲内、例えば、正常範囲の上限を含む。
本開示の方法は、GH拮抗活性を有する成長ホルモン(GH)変異体の使用に依存する。1つの実施形態において、GH変異体は、ヒトおよびウシ成長ホルモン等の哺乳類成長ホルモンが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない脊椎動物GHに対する配列および/または二次構造における類似性を有するペプチドまたはタンパク質である。
GHをコードするDNA配列は、1つ以上の選択されたコドンで変異される。変異は、GHをコードするDNAにおける1つ以上のヌクレオチドの置換、欠失、または挿入として定義され、GHの野生型配列と比較してGHのアミノ酸配列における変化をもたらす。好ましくは、少なくとも1つのアミノ酸は、タンパク質の1つ以上の領域において任意の他のアミノ酸で置換される。
GH変異体は、標準組換え技術によって好都合に生成することができる。より具体的には、GH変異体は、ベクター−宿主細胞系を用いて発現することができる。
本開示の方法に有用なGH変異体は、1つ以上の化学基に共有結合的に付加され得る(以下「抱合される」)。そのような抱合は、非修飾GH変異体を上回る実際の分子量を有するGH変異抱合体を生成する。本明細書に使用される場合、「実際の分子量」という用語は、質量分析(例えば、マトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化質量分析)によって測定される分子量を指す。hGH変異抱合体の実際の分子量は通常、少なくとも約30kDa;好ましくは、約35kDa〜約55kDaの範囲内;およびより好ましくは、約40kDa〜約50kDaの範囲内である。概して、hGH変異抱合体の実際の分子量は、100kDaを超えない。
本開示の方法は、成長ホルモン(GH)シグナル伝達またはGH/インスリン様成長因子−I(IGF−I)軸、特にGHRおよび/またはIGF−Iの発現を調節する、成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)へのアンチセンス化合物の使用に依存する。好ましくは、アンチセンス化合物は、オリゴヌクレオチドである。しかしながら、オリゴヌクレオチド模倣体が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない他のオリゴマーアンチセンス化合物が企図される。
本開示は、成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)の発現を阻害するためのアンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドの用途を提供する。
本開示の方法において有用なアンチセンス化合物は、修飾骨格または非天然ヌクレオシド間結合を有するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む。修飾骨格を有するオリゴヌクレオチドには、骨格にリン原子を保持するもの、および骨格にリン原子を有しないものを含む。
本開示の方法に有用なアンチセンス化合物には、ヌクレオチド単位の糖およびヌクレオシド間結合の両方(すなわち、骨格)が、新規の基と置き換えられる、オリゴヌクレオチド模倣体を含む。核酸塩基単位は、標的核酸とのハイブリッド形成のために維持される。
本開示の方法に有用なアンチセンス化合物は、1つ以上の置換された糖部分を有するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む。
本開示の方法に有用なアンチセンス化合物は、核酸塩基修飾または置換を有するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む。本明細書に使用される場合、「非修飾」または「天然」核酸塩基は、プリン塩基アデニン(A)およびグアニン(G)、ならびにピリミジン塩基チミン(T)、シトシン(C)、およびウラシル(U)を含む。
本開示の方法に有用なアンチセンス化合物は、1つ以上の部分または群に抱合され、アンチセンス化合物の活性、細胞分布、または細胞取り込みを増強する。
当業者によって理解されるように、所与の化合物のすべての位置が均一に修飾される必要はなく、実際に前述の修飾のうちの2つ以上が単一のオリゴヌクレオチド内に、またオリゴヌクレオチド内の単一のヌクレオシドにさえ、組み込まれ得る。
1つの実施形態において、本アンチセンス化合物は、GHR mRNAにハイブリッド形成するように設計された第2世代のホスホロチオエート骨格2’−MOE−修飾キメラオリゴヌクレオチドギャップマーである。
固相合成のそれぞれの周期が、支持体に結合したオリゴヌクレオチドの5′末端ヌクレオシドの酸不安定な5′−O−4,4′−ジメトキシトリチル(DMT)保護基の除去から始まる。これは、酸溶液による処置によって達成される(例えば、トルエン中のジクロロ酢酸(DCA))。脱トリチル反応に続いて、次の反応の準備において、アセトニトリルで洗浄することによって、過剰な試薬を支持体から除去する。
鎖の伸長が、活性化因子(例えば、1H−テトラゾール)の存在下で、支持体に結合したオリゴヌクレオチドの5′−ヒドロキシル基と、特定の塩基位置(例えば、塩基2の場合:MOE−MeCアミダイト)に対応するホスホルアミダイトの溶液との反応によって達成される。これは、流入するヌクレオチドシントンと支持体に結合したオリゴヌクレオチド鎖との間に亜リン酸トリエステルの形成をもたらす。結合反応後、次の反応の準備において、アセトニトリルで洗浄することによって、過剰な試薬を支持体から除去する。
新たに形成された亜リン酸トリエステル結合が、硫酸転移試薬(例えば、フェニルアセチルジスルフィド)の溶液で処理することによって、対応する[O,O,O)−トリアルキルホスホロチオエートトリエステルに変換される。硫化に続いて、次の反応の準備において、アセトニトリルで洗浄することによって、過剰な試薬を支持体から除去する。
任意の指定周期において使用可能なごく一部の5′−ヒドロシキ基は伸長できない。続く周期のいずれかにおけるこれらの基の結合は、所望の生成物から分離することが困難な処理関連不純物(「DMT−オン(n−l)−mer」の形成をもたらす。これらの不純物の形成を回避し、精製を促進するために、「キャッピング試薬」(例えば、無水酢酸およびN−メチルイミダゾール/アセトニトリル/ピリジン)は、反応容器の中に導入されて、キャップ配列を生じる。得られた失敗配列(「DMT−オフショートマー」)は、逆相HPLC精製によって所望の生成物から分離される。キャッピング反応後、次の反応の準備において、アセトニトリルで洗浄することによって、過剰な試薬を支持体から除去する。
プロセスのアセンブリ部分の完了に続いて、(O,O,O)−トリアルキルホスホロチオエートトリエステルヌクレオチド間結合を保護するシアノエチル基をアセトニトリル中のトリエチルアミン(TEA)溶液で処理することによって除去する。このステップの間に生成された試薬およびアクリロニトリルは、カラムをアセトニトリルで洗浄することによって除去される。
環外アミノ基の脱保護および支持体からの粗生成物の切断が、含水水酸化アンモニウムで培養することによって達成される(反応f)。5′−O−DMT保護された粗生成物の精製は、逆相HPLCによって達成される。逆相HPLCステップは、DMT−オフ失敗配列を除去する。溶出プロファイルは、UV吸収分光法によって監視される。DMT−オンオリゴヌクレオチド生成物を含む画分を収集し、分析する。
5′−O−DMT保護されたオリゴヌクレオチドを含有する逆相HPLC画分は貯蔵され、沈殿タンクに移される。いくつかの合成の精製から得られる生成物は、プロセスのこの段階で組み合わせられる。精製されたDMT−オンオリゴヌクレオチドは、酸(例えば、酢酸)で処理され、5′末端に結合されたDMT基を除去する。定めた時間の酸暴露および中和後に、オリゴヌクレオチド原薬を単離し、乾燥する。
特定の核酸に対するアンチセンス化合物の「標的化」は、複数のステップのプロセスであり得る。このプロセスは通常、その機能が変調される標的核酸の同定から始まる。本開示において、標的核酸は、成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)をコードする。「標的核酸」という用語は、GHRをコードするDNA、そのようなDNAから転写されるRNA(プレmRNAおよびmRNA、またはそれらの部分を含む)、およびさらにそのようなRNAに由来するcDNAを包含する。
例となる標的配列は、表2に示される。
本開示の方法に有用なアンチセンス化合物は、他の分子、分子構造、または化合物の混合物と混合、被包、抱合、またはさもなければ関連付けられ、例えば、取り込み、分布、および/または吸収を補助するためのリポソーム、受容体標的分子、経口、直腸、局所、または他の製剤を生じ得る。
本開示の方法は、対象におけるインスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)レベルを低下させる、拮抗活性を有する成長ホルモン(GH)変異体と成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)を標的化するオリゴヌクレオチドとの併用の予想外の相乗作用に依存する。
GHR標的化薬物ATL1103の第1相試験。
第1相試験の第一目的は、ATL1103の安全性、認容性、薬物動態(pK)を評価することであった。
ATL1103は、1日当たり250mgで、3週間にわたって6回、1、3、5、7、14、および21日目に皮下投与されるものである。
15先端巨大症患者の群に、ATL1103を実施例1に記載のように、およびさらなる6週間、週1回投与で、ならびに24日目に開始して6週間、(i)30mgのソマバートを週1回、または(ii)80mgのソマバートを週1回のいずれかで投薬する。
15先端巨大症患者の群に、13週間、200mgのATL1103を週1回投与で、および13週間、ATL1103と同じ日に(i)30mgのソマバートを週1回、または(ii)80mgのソマバートを週1回のいずれかで投薬する。
15先端巨大症患者の群に、13週間、200mgのATL1103を週1回または2回投与で、ならびに13週間、ATL1103と同じ日に(i)30mgのソマバートを週1回、または(ii)30mgのソマバートを週2回のいずれかで投薬する。
糖尿病性網膜症を有する15患者の群に、13週間、200mgのATL1103を週1回または2回投与で、ならびに13週間、ATL1103と同じ日に(i)30mgのソマバートを週1回、または(ii)30mgのソマバートを週2回のいずれかで投薬する。
増加したIGF−Iに関連付けられる癌を有する15患者の群に、13週間、200mgのATL1103を週1回または2回投与で、ならびに13週間、(i)30mgのソマバートを週1回、もしくは(ii)30mgのソマバートを週2回、または(iii)80mgを週1回、もしくは(iv)80mgのソマバートを週2回のいずれかで投薬する。
ソマバートは、先端巨大症患者が、その治療に現在使用されている用量、例えば、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50mg/日、またはそれ以上で皮下投与される。
ソマバートは、先端巨大症患者が、その治療に現在使用されている用量、例えば、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50mg/日、またはそれ以上で皮下投与される。
ソマバートは、先端巨大症患者が、その治療に現在使用されている用量、例えば、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50mg/日、またはそれ以上で皮下投与される。
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Claims (35)
- インスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)レベルの上昇によって引き起こされる、および/またはそれに関連付けられる疾患の治療または予防のための方法であって、それを必要とする対象に、成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)の発現を阻害するように、前記GHRをコードする核酸を標的化する8〜80個の核酸塩基の長さのオリゴヌクレオチドと組み合わせて成長ホルモン(GH)拮抗活性を有するGH変異体を投与することを含み、それにより前記対象における前記IGF−Iのレベルを低下させる、方法。
- 前記疾患が、先端巨大症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性腎症、または前立腺、骨髄腫、肺、乳、もしくは結腸癌等のIGF−I陽性癌である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象におけるインスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)のレベルを低下させる方法であって、成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)の発現を阻害するように、前記GHRをコードする核酸を標的化する8〜80個の核酸塩基の長さのオリゴヌクレオチドと組み合わせて、成長ホルモン(GH)拮抗活性を有するGH変異体を投与することを含み、それにより前記対象における前記IGF−Iのレベルを低下させる、方法。
- 前記GH変異体が、アミノ酸Gly120が欠失しているか、またはあるアミノ酸で置換されているヒトGH変異体である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記アミノ酸Gly120が、Arg、Trp、Pro、Lys、およびLeuから成る群から選択されるアミノ酸で置換される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記アミノ酸Gly120が、Lysで置換される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒトGH変異体が、以下の組のアミノ酸置換をさらに含む、請求項4〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法:
H18D、H21N、R167N、K168A、D171S、K172R、E174S、I179T。 - 前記核酸が、ヒトGHRをコードする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記核酸が、配列番号4または配列番号5で示される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、12〜50個の核酸塩基の長さである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、15〜30個の核酸塩基の長さである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、DNAオリゴヌクレオチドである、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、RNAオリゴヌクレオチドである、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、短干渉RNA(siRNA)である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、キメラオリゴヌクレオチドである、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、前記GHRをコードする核酸と少なくとも70%の相補性を有する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、前記GHRをコードする核酸と少なくとも80%の相補性を有する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、前記GHRをコードする核酸と少なくとも90%の相補性を有する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、前記GHRをコードする核酸と少なくとも95%の相補性を有する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、56、57、58、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、78、79、80、または81の少なくとも8個の連続した核酸塩基部分を含む、請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55、56、57、58、60、61、62、63、64、65、66、68、69、70、71、72、73、74、75、76、78、79、80、または81の核酸塩基配列から成る、請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号6の核酸塩基配列から成る、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、成長ホルモン受容体をコードする領域と特異的にハイブリッド形成し、前記領域が、翻訳開始コドン、終止コドン、コード領域、5’非翻訳領域、3’非翻訳領域、イントロン:エクソン接合部、またはエクソン:イントロン接合部を含む、請求項1〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記領域が、配列番号84〜154から選択される配列の少なくとも8個の連続した核酸塩基部分を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、配列番号4のヌクレオチド260〜339、332〜351、および344〜423から成る群から選択される配列番号4の領域に相補性である少なくとも8個の連続した核酸塩基部分を含む、請求項8〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、GHRおよび/または成長ホルモン結合タンパク質(GHBP)の発現を少なくとも15%阻害する、請求項1〜25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの修飾ヌクレオシド間結合、糖部分、または核酸塩基を含む、請求項1〜26のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの2′−O−メトキシエチル糖部分を含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つのホスホロチオエートヌクレオシド間結合を含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、少なくとも1つの5−メチルシトシンを含む、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドが20個の結合されたヌクレオシドから成り、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが配列番号6の核酸塩基から成り、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、10デオキシヌクレオチドの領域の5’末端および3’末端の両方で5つの2′−O−(2−メトキシエチル)ヌクレオチドと隣接した前記10デオキシヌクレオチドの領域から成り、前記オリゴヌクレオチド中の各ヌクレオシド間結合がホスホロチオエート結合であり、前記オリゴヌクレオチド中の各シトシンが、5−メチルシトシンである、請求項27に記載の方法。
- インスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)のレベルの上昇によって引き起こされる、および/またはそれに関連付けられる疾患の治療または予防のための薬物の製造における、成長ホルモン(GH)変異体ならびに成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)をコードする核酸を標的化する8〜80個の核酸塩基の長さのオリゴヌクレオチドの使用。
- 前記疾患が、先端巨大症、糖尿病性網膜症、糖尿病性腎症、または前立腺、骨髄腫、肺、乳、もしくは結腸癌等のIGF−I陽性癌である、請求項32に記載の使用。
- 対象におけるインスリン様成長因子I(IGF−I)のレベルを低下するための薬物の製造における、成長ホルモン(GH)変異体ならびに成長ホルモン受容体(GHR)をコードする核酸を標的化する8〜80個の核酸塩基の長さのオリゴヌクレオチドの使用。
- 前記GH変異体が、請求項4〜7に記載の特徴のうちのいずれか1つをさらに特徴とし、前記GHRが請求項8もしくは請求項9に記載の特徴のうちのいずれか1つをさらに特徴とし、ならびに/または前記オリゴヌクレオチドが請求項10〜31に記載の特徴のうちのいずれか1つをさらに特徴とする、請求項32〜34のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
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JP2021506934A (ja) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-02-22 | アルテオジェン・インコーポレイテッド | 新規な成長ホルモン受容体拮抗剤及びその融合タンパク質 |
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WO2013113074A1 (en) | 2012-02-03 | 2013-08-08 | Antisense Therapeutics Ltd | Combination therapy comprising a growth hormone variant and an oligonucleotide targeted to the growth hormone receptor |
JP6869720B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-13 | 2021-05-12 | アンチセンス セラピューティクス リミテッド | 併用療法 |
EP3137604B1 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2020-07-15 | Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Compositions and methods for modulating growth hormone receptor expression |
WO2019125002A1 (ko) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-27 | (주)알테오젠 | 신규한 성장 호르몬 수용체 길항제 및 이의 융합 단백질 |
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EP2809400A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
CA2863499A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
AU2013214698A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
US9717778B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
WO2013113074A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
EP2809400A4 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
ES2712184T3 (es) | 2019-05-09 |
US20140378379A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
JP6453648B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
DK2809400T3 (en) | 2019-03-04 |
EP2809400B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
AU2013214698B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
CA2863499C (en) | 2022-06-21 |
US20160143999A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
NZ629004A (en) | 2016-03-31 |
US9821034B2 (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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