JP2015505026A - 冷却装置 - Google Patents
冷却装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015505026A JP2015505026A JP2014551599A JP2014551599A JP2015505026A JP 2015505026 A JP2015505026 A JP 2015505026A JP 2014551599 A JP2014551599 A JP 2014551599A JP 2014551599 A JP2014551599 A JP 2014551599A JP 2015505026 A JP2015505026 A JP 2015505026A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 311
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004094 preconcentration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000589248 Legionella Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000007764 Legionnaires' Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
- B01D61/3641—Membrane distillation comprising multiple membrane distillation steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
- B01D3/145—One step being separation by permeation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/366—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
- B01D63/0822—Plate-and-frame devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C1/02—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers with counter-current only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0015—Heat and mass exchangers, e.g. with permeable walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
- F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall with flexible plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/14—Specific spacers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
12 液体
12’ 冷却される液体
12” 冷却された液体
14 冷却塔
16 冷却塔の上方領域
18 冷却塔の下方領域
20 冷却ガス
22 ガス空間
24 装置
26 液体通路
28 膜壁
30 気体通路
32 フレーム要素
32’ 液体フレーム
32” 冷却ガスフレーム
34 ウェブ構造
36 スペーサ
38 流入部
40 流出部
42 戻り通路
44 液体出口
46 液体入口
48 流出部
50 通路部
52 膜壁
54 外側フレーム
56 内側領域
58 入口開口
60 出口開口
62 入口開口
64 出口開口
66 通路開口
68 通路開口
70 ウェブ
72 ウェブ
74 多段膜蒸留装置
76 膜蒸留プラント
78 蒸発器
80 凝縮及び蒸発ステージ
82 凝縮器
84 蒸気空間
86 凝縮壁
88 冷却流体通路
90 ファン
12 液体
12’ 冷却される液体
12” 冷却された液体
14 冷却塔
16 冷却塔の上方領域
18 冷却塔の下方領域
20 冷却ガス
22 ガス空間
24 装置
26 液体通路
28 膜壁
30 気体通路
32 フレーム要素
32’ 液体フレーム
32” 冷却ガスフレーム
34 ウェブ構造
36 スペーサ
38 流入部
40 流出部
42 戻り通路
44 液体出口
46 液体入口
48 流出部
50 通路部
52 膜壁
54 外側フレーム
56 内側領域
58 入口開口
60 出口開口
62 入口開口
64 出口開口
66 通路開口
68 通路開口
70 ウェブ
72 ウェブ
74 多段膜蒸留装置
76 膜蒸留プラント
78 蒸発器
80 凝縮及び蒸発ステージ
82 凝縮器
84 蒸気空間
86 凝縮壁
88 冷却流体通路
90 ファン
Claims (15)
- 液体(12)を冷却する冷却装置(10)であって、
冷却される液体(12’)が上方領域(16)に供給され、且つ冷却された液体(12”)が下方領域(18)に案内され、底部から上部に流れる冷却ガス(20)によってその内部の前記液体(12)が冷却される冷却塔(14)を有し、
前記液体(12)が案内される少なくとも一つの装置(24)は、前記冷却ガス(20)が流れる前記冷却塔(14)のガス空間(22)に設けられ、
各装置(24)が、蒸気透過性と液密性のある両側の膜壁(28)によって前記冷却塔(14)の前記ガス空間(22)から少なくとも部分的に分離された少なくとも1つの液体通路(26)を備える、冷却装置。 - 垂直方向に続けて設けられ、直列に接続された複数の装置(24)が、前記冷却ガス(20)が流れる前記冷却塔(14)の前記ガス空間(22)に設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の冷却装置。
- 少なくとも1つの装置(24)が、並列に接続され、概して垂直方向に伸びる複数の液体通路(26)を備えることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の冷却装置。
- 並列に接続された前記液体通路(26)が互いに隣接して水平方向に配置されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の冷却装置。
- 少なくとも1つの装置(24)は、並列に接続され、互いに隣接して水平方向に配置され、膜壁(28)、具体的には少なくとも互いに対向して配置された両側の平らな膜によって前記冷却塔(14)の前記ガス空間(22)から分離された複数の液体通路を備え、水平方向に隣接する夫々の対の液体通路(26)が、互いに対向する膜壁(28)、具体的には前記ガス空間(22)に作用する冷却ガス(20)が流れる気体通路(30)を横方向に囲む平らな膜を有することを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の冷却装置。
- 装置(24)は互いに接続された複数のフレーム要素(32)を備え、機能ユニットの前記液体通路(26)と前記気体通路(30)がフレーム要素(32)の形態で設けられることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の冷却装置。
- 前記フレーム要素にはウェブ構造(34)が設けられ、それらのウェブ構造(34)を介して互いに接続されることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の冷却装置。
- 前記フレーム要素(32)にはスペーサ(36)、具体的には格子状のスペーサが夫々設けられることを特徴とする、請求項6または請求項7に記載の冷却装置。
- 各液体通路(26)と、それらに隣接する各気体通路(30)との間に設けられた前記膜壁(28)は、互いに隣接する2つのフレーム要素(32)の内の一つと関連付けられることを特徴とする、請求項6から請求項8の何れか一項に記載の冷却装置。
- 垂直方向に続けて設けられ、且つ直列に接続された前記装置(24)は、それらの液体通路(26)が液体(12)で完全に満たされるように更に接続されることを特徴とする、先行する請求項の何れか一項に記載の冷却装置。
- 垂直方向に隣接する装置(24)は、前記液体(12)の流れる方向に見て、先行の装置(24)の液体通路(26)の下方領域に設けられた液体出口(44)と、後続の装置(24)の液体通路(26)の上方領域に設けられた液体入口(38)との間に配置され、且つ前記先行の装置(24)の前記液体出口(44)を起点として少なくともこの装置(24)における可能な限り最上の液面まで上方へ最初に案内される戻り通路(42)を介して、互いに接続されることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の冷却装置。
- 前記戻り通路(42)がU字形のパイプで構成されることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の冷却装置。
- U字形のパイプで構成された前記戻り通路の前記流出部(48)の前記上方領域は、好ましくは両側で蒸気透過性と液密性のある他の膜壁(52)によって少なくとも部分的に囲まれ、一方において前記液体(12)と接触し、他方において前記冷却塔(14)の前記ガス空間(22)と接触する通路部(50)を備える、請求項12に記載の冷却装置。
- 蒸発器(78)と、複数の凝縮及び蒸発ステージ(80)と、液体(12)を濃縮する凝縮器(82)とを備える多段膜蒸留装置(74)を有するとともに、先行する請求項の何れか一項に記載の冷却装置(10)を有する膜蒸留プラント(76)であって、
濃縮される液体(12’)は膜蒸留装置(74)の凝縮器(82)と冷却装置(14)とを備えるシステムに供給され、
前記冷却装置(14)は、前記液体(12)を予備濃縮するために前記膜蒸留装置(74)の上流に接続され、
予備濃縮中に冷却された液体(12”)が冷却流体(12”)として前記冷却装置(10)から前記凝縮器(82)に供給される膜蒸留プラント。 - 前記膜蒸留装置(74)の前記凝縮器(82)は、蒸気空間(84)と、凝縮壁(86)によってそれから分離される冷却流体通路(88)とを備えることができ、前記冷却流体通路(88)は、前記予備濃縮中の1つ又は複数の前記装置(24)を備える冷却材回路の一部であり、濃縮される前記液体が冷却材として前記冷却材回路を循環することを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の膜蒸留プラント(76)。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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DE102012000389.7 | 2012-01-11 | ||
DE102012000389A DE102012000389A1 (de) | 2012-01-11 | 2012-01-11 | Kühlvorrichtung |
PCT/EP2013/050250 WO2013104640A2 (de) | 2012-01-11 | 2013-01-09 | Kühlvorrichtung |
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JP2015505026A true JP2015505026A (ja) | 2015-02-16 |
JP6147764B2 JP6147764B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
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US (1) | US9770691B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2791607B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6147764B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101874936B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104105937B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2013208996C1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102012000389A1 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY171820A (ja) |
SG (1) | SG11201403983SA (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013104640A2 (ja) |
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DE202014102836U1 (de) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-09-24 | B+M Textil Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kühlaggregat |
CN105091637B (zh) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-04-26 | 咀香园健康食品(中山)有限公司 | 一种气液热交换装置 |
CN106362431A (zh) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-01 | 德艾柯工程技术(上海)有限公司 | 一种蒸馏塔内置冷凝装置 |
CN107096354A (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-29 | 温州中环正源水务有限公司 | 污泥干化载气系统 |
CN110017697A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-16 | 中国大唐集团科技工程有限公司 | 一种多段配水间接空冷散热器 |
CN112325624A (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-05 | 攀钢集团钒钛资源股份有限公司 | 一种高纯钒干燥机组干燥方法及生产系统 |
CN113546520A (zh) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-26 | 兰州理工大学 | 一种多冷源冷却的气隙式膜蒸馏冷却组件 |
CN115350592B (zh) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-04-14 | 北京中科瑞升资源环境技术有限公司 | 膜蒸馏用膜组件及膜蒸馏方法 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0571883A (ja) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-23 | Miura Kenkyusho:Kk | 冷却塔 |
JPH05240596A (ja) * | 1991-03-22 | 1993-09-17 | Ebara Shinwa:Kk | 冷却塔用合成樹詣製熱交換体及びこの熱交換体を利用した直交流式冷却塔 |
WO2001018467A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-03 | 2001-03-15 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Dispositif de refrigeration |
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DE2452123B2 (de) * | 1974-11-02 | 1979-04-19 | Balcke-Duerr Ag, 4030 Ratingen | Kombinierter Naß-/Trockenkühlturm |
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2013
- 2013-01-09 JP JP2014551599A patent/JP6147764B2/ja active Active
- 2013-01-09 AU AU2013208996A patent/AU2013208996C1/en active Active
- 2013-01-09 EP EP13701214.2A patent/EP2791607B1/de active Active
- 2013-01-09 US US14/371,634 patent/US9770691B2/en active Active
- 2013-01-09 MY MYPI2014701883A patent/MY171820A/en unknown
- 2013-01-09 CN CN201380007441.8A patent/CN104105937B/zh active Active
- 2013-01-09 KR KR1020147022330A patent/KR101874936B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-01-09 SG SG11201403983SA patent/SG11201403983SA/en unknown
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SG11201403983SA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
WO2013104640A2 (de) | 2013-07-18 |
US20150014144A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
EP2791607A2 (de) | 2014-10-22 |
JP6147764B2 (ja) | 2017-06-14 |
CN104105937A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
US9770691B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
AU2013208996B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
WO2013104640A3 (de) | 2013-09-19 |
KR101874936B1 (ko) | 2018-07-05 |
AU2013208996C1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
EP2791607B1 (de) | 2016-06-08 |
MY171820A (en) | 2019-10-31 |
KR20140129003A (ko) | 2014-11-06 |
CN104105937B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
AU2013208996A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
DE102012000389A1 (de) | 2013-07-11 |
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