JP2015501760A - Openable cover for ships, especially cruise ships - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a retractable cover for a ship, particularly a cruise ship, which covers a hole (A) formed in a fixed structure portion (110) of the ship (100). The cover (1) comprises at least one group of cover parts (11, 21, 31 or 41) arranged at different heights so that they can be at least partially overlapped. Since the cover part is movable with respect to the fixed structure part and one by one, the cover part is spatially distributed with respect to the hole (A) and has a plurality of different forms. Each cover part has a hinged end (12, 22, 32, 42) rotatably connected to the fixed structure of the ship and a support end (13, 23, 33 and 43). The support end portions (13, 23, 33 and 43) each move so that each cover portion is movably supported in the fixed structure portion of the ship.

Description

  The present invention is directed to an openable cover for ships, particularly cruise ships.

  In particular, the openable cover according to the present invention can be used for covering a space located in the stern section of a ship, for example, a common space such as a bar, a meeting place, a restaurant, or a swimming pool.

  In a cruise ship, an openable cover that has been installed at a location corresponding to a large hole formed in the center of the hull at the outermost part of the deck and disposed above the area of the swimming pool has been known for many years.

  Such a hole makes it possible to open the space that is normally closed because it is formed inside the ship to the outside environment (so that it can cope with various weather conditions). Thereby, the ship owner can raise the possibility that the said space will be utilized by the passenger, without receiving the restrictions which arise because of weather conditions. Covers can also function as sound or light barriers, so they are incompatible with each other at different times of the day, for example, for organized entertainment (concerts, dances with increased noise levels, etc.), or ( It can be a partition between adjacent spaces located on two different decks used for conference space or transportation space applications (a more peaceful and modest atmosphere is desirable).

  Traditionally, these openable covers are composed of rectangular movable panels that are superimposed on each other to form a telescopic structure. Each panel is placed on the deck so as to slide at both end portions arranged along the direction crossing the longitudinal movement direction of the panel at the time of opening and closing, and moves by translational motion along the extending direction of the hole. . For this purpose, each panel has a frame with a C-shaped cross section, it can be recognized that the first part has the function of a cover, and two second parts located at the ends support it. It can be recognized that it has a function. Each panel is placed on the deck so as to slide in the second portion, and moving means (for example, a rotating body) is arranged in the second portion.

  The first limitation of the traditional cover described above is related to the weight of the structure. That is, the configuration of the cover imposes unrecoverable constraints on the sizing of the support structure of each panel.

  Another constraint relates to the mechanical reliability of the panel moving means. That is, according to the translational movement along the two parallel guides, it is inevitable that the cover is exposed to the risk of binding caused by, for example, non-synchronization of the movement of the moving means in the two guides. As a result, a constraint case occurs in which the moving means fails only on one side. Accordingly, the openable cover can potentially fall into tensions over time, causing very significant structural deformations that adversely affect the operation of the cover. This makes it necessary to oversize the support structure of each panel, resulting in worse results with respect to the overall weight of the cover.

  The third constraint is related to the fact that it is difficult to use such a cover in areas other than the center of the ship.

  First, there are reasons related to the overall stability of the ship. The openable cover is attached to the uppermost deck of the ship where the stability problem becomes even worse. From this point of view, it is much more difficult to attach a heavy weight superstructure (such as a retractable cover) to the stern or bow area compared to the center of the ship.

  Secondly, the rectangular shape of the traditional cover means that positioning in the area of a circular or beveled vessel typically found at the stern of a cruise ship is not easy.

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art by providing an openable cover for a ship, in particular an openable cover for a cruise ship, which can be more easily attached to any region of the ship. It is to be.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an open / close cover for a ship, in particular an open / close cover for a cruise ship, which covers the same surface but has a relatively low weight.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an openable / closable cover for a ship that can provide higher operational reliability, in particular, an openable / closeable cover for a cruise ship.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an openable cover for a ship, in particular an openable cover for a cruise ship, which is easy and inexpensive to manufacture.

  The technical features of the present invention based on the above-mentioned problems are clearly shown in the contents of the claims, and the advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description. In the following detailed description, references are made to the accompanying drawings that illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention that are given by way of example and not limitation in any way.

It is a perspective view of the stern structure part of the cruise ship equipped with the cover of about 180 degree opening / closing type by embodiment of this invention, and has shown the state with which the cover was closed. It is a perspective view of the stern structure part of the cruise ship equipped with the cover of about 180 degree opening / closing type by embodiment of this invention, and has shown the state which the cover opened. It is a top view of the cover shown by FIG. FIG. 3 is a top view of the cover shown in FIG. 2. 1 is a stern view of a cruise ship equipped with an openable cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the cover is closed. 1 is a stern view of a cruise ship equipped with an openable cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the cover is open. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an approximately 360 ° open / close cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the cover is closed. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an approximately 360 ° openable cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the cover is open. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of two superimposed portions of a cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows another different outline based on the longitudinal cross section of the radial direction of a cover part.

  Referring to the accompanying drawings, indicated generally by reference numeral 1 is an openable cover for a ship according to the present invention, and indicated by reference numeral 100 is a ship equipped with at least one cover. At least one cover covers the hole A formed in the fixed structure portion 110 of the ship.

  In this description, as well as the rest of the description and claims, the cover 1 and the ship 100 in use are referred to. In this sense, it is intended to refer to the lower or upper position.

  The hole A can be any structural part 110 of the ship, in particular the upper deck of the ship (at at least one of the stern, bow, and center of the ship) or the fixed type shown in FIGS. It can be formed in the support structure of the glass glazing.

According to a general embodiment of the invention, the cover 1 is arranged at different heights h ₁ -h ₂ with respect to the reference plane M of the hole so that it can be at least partially overlapped. , Comprising at least one group of cover parts 11, 21, 31 or 41.

  Operationally, the cover portions 11, 21, 31, 41 are movable with respect to the fixed structure portion and are also movable with respect to each other, so that a plurality of different forms are spatially distributed with respect to the hole A. Will have.

  In particular, the mobile cover portion 11, 21, 31 or 41 can take the form of maximally covering or entirely covering the hole, or not covering or minimally covering the hole. In the former form, the cover part completely plugs the hole (as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5), and in the latter form all of the cover part (a single group, Or, as will be seen later, in the group of two or more (in groups of two) one by one, so that the free opening of the hole (as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6) Has been maximized. Advantageously, other forms between the two forms described above are possible, i.e., full or full cover form and no cover or minimal cover form.

  According to the invention, each cover part 11, 21, 31 or 41 has a hinged end 12, 22, 32, 42, and each cover part 11, 21, 31 or 41 is a hinge. At locations corresponding to the end portions 12, 22, 32, 42 of the formula, the fixed structure portion 110 in which the hole A is formed or another fixed structure portion 120 of the ship is rotatably connected.

  In addition, each cover portion 11, 21, 31 or 41 has a support end portion 13, 23, 33, 43, and each cover portion 11, 21, 31 or 41 has a support end portion 13, 23. , 33 and 43 are supported so as to be movable in the fixed structure 110 in which the hole A is formed or in another fixed structure 120 of the ship.

  In other words, unlike the prior art solution that assumes a cover with a movable cover portion that translates along the extending direction of the hole, the openable cover 1 according to the present invention comprises a common hinge shaft, A separate hinge shaft disposed inside the hole, or a cover portion that rotates relative to the hole about the separate hinge shaft disposed near or at a location corresponding to the outer edge of the hole.

  As shown in the accompanying drawings, the openable cover 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for covering holes whose edges are at least partially arched, among which circular holes, semicircular holes, Or it is particularly suitable for covering a hole having a shape corresponding to a region of the circumference. Similarly, an oval hole or a hole formed by the connection of a plurality of rounded geometric figures can be covered. A combination of a plurality of openable covers according to the invention is feasible and, for example, if the hole is formed by a central rectangular part and two semicircular head parts, the cover 1 and the traditional rectangular Combinations with shaped holes are feasible.

  The openable cover according to the present invention has a form adapted to a large extending surface, the dimensions of which are about 50 meters wide and about 100 meters long.

  As will be mentioned later, the openable cover 1 is associated with the same fixed structure 110 (for example, upper deck) in which holes are formed, both at the hinged end and at the movable support end. It can also be associated with a fixed structure 110 with a hole formed at the hinged end and can be associated with another structure (eg, the lower deck) with a movable support end.

Advantageously, depending on the length or shape of the hole, the cover part of the openable cover 1 can be divided into two or more groups of cover parts operatively connected to each other. The “group of cover portions” particularly means a plurality of cover portions arranged at different heights h ₁ -h ₂ with respect to the reference plane M of the hole so that they can be overlapped. Preferably, although two separate groups of cover portions cannot be superimposed, this is not necessarily so.

  For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-6, the cover 1 comprises two separate groups of cover portions 11 and 21 covering a hole formed by a semicircle (about 180 °). In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cover 1 comprises four separate groups of cover parts 11, 21, 31, and 41 covering the hole formed by a circle (360 °).

  Preferably, the cover portions of the same group are connected to the fixed structure portion 110 of the ship so as to be rotatable about a common hinge axis X.

  More preferably, as shown in the accompanying drawings, two or more groups of cover portions are rotatably coupled to the ship's stationary structure 110 with a single and common hinge axis X.

  As will be described later, the hinge shaft of each cover part, or the hinge shaft common to the same group or two or more groups, is the fixing structure 110 in which the hole A is formed or another fixing of the ship. Formed by pins 50 connected to the structure.

  Advantageously, each of the cover parts 11, 21, 31, and 41 forms a tapered cover surface that tapers from the support end toward the hinged end.

  Preferably, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the cover surface formed by the cover portion has a planar shape corresponding to a sector shape (with respect to a plane orthogonal to the hinge axis X). However, particularly when each of the cover portions is independent (that is, when the hinge axes are separate), the cover portions may have other planar shapes.

  According to a preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the same group of cover parts are fan-shaped with the same hinge axis. The radial length of these sectors decreases from a large sector with the largest radial length towards the cover portion with the smallest radial length. The remaining cover portion has an intermediate radial length.

  Preferably, as shown in FIG. 10, the cover surface formed by the individual cover portions has a flat cross section along a radial cross section.

  In particular, the individual cover parts can have a contour formed by two line segments connected in an L-shape, between which any arbitrary angle of intersection (acute angle, right angle or obtuse angle). Is formed. The size and size of each cover part can be any size and size depending on the structural requirements and project requirements. In particular, at least one of the radial length and the height length of the cover part can be changed (relative to the hinge axis), so that the “bridge” part (referenced 11a in FIG. 9) is provided. And at least one of the “support leg” portions (indicated by reference numeral 11b in FIG. 9) is deformed. In particular, when there is an open or closed structure adjacent to the hole to be covered, for example, a guide positioned on the upper deck, the length of the “leg” 11b can be reduced, or When the “leg” 11b is engaged with a guide disposed on the lower deck to be covered, the length of the “leg” 11b can be increased.

  The cover surface formed by each cover portion can have an arched profile (eg, parabola, circle, ellipse, etc.) along a radial cross section. Such an arcuate contour can be formed by a single line segment or a plurality of polygonal line segments.

  In addition to flat or arched contours, other contours including irregularly shaped contours can be envisaged.

  Each cover part can have a support frame, which is associated with a covering sheet. Preferably, the frame is formed from a light alloy.

  The covering sheet can be formed from a transparent material, a translucent material, or a matte material. In particular, these materials can have light absorption characteristics, dimming characteristics, and sound absorption characteristics. In particular, at least one of a glassy material and a polymer material can be used, and these materials are fiber-reinforced as required (with, but not limited to, glass fibers).

  According to a preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, dividing the cover into a plurality of sectors allows the cover to be significantly lighter compared to traditional solutions. In other words, the support structure of the cover is provided in advance on a plurality of fan-shaped split edges, so that a secondary reinforcing structure that is typically found in telescopic covers that perform translational motion is substantially necessary. Disappear. At best, lightweight ribs arranged with tolerances in the radial direction can only be assumed when the glass surface is large.

  Advantageously, the cover parts to be superposed (ie the same group of cover parts or independent cover parts) can be at least partly superposed (along the radial cross section). ) Each having an arrangement in the height direction, whereby the gap formed between the cover parts when the cover parts are overlapped is maximally reduced (FIG. 2, FIG. 4, FIG. 6 and as shown in FIG. This provides the benefit of the compactness of the embodiment.

  However, for the purpose of meeting the specific aesthetic demands expressed by the designer, an embodiment is realized in which the cover parts do not have corresponding contours (in the sense that the gaps formed are not minimized). It is also possible.

  Preferably, the cover part as a whole forms a cover surface that is larger than the hole, so that the cover part is also 2 in the connection area even when the cover part is arranged in a spatial shape covering the whole hole. Each will be partially overlapped. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cover portion is comprised of eight sectors with equal angular apertures, each covering 90 ° of the hole and a total of 180 holes. Organized into two groups covering the °. Preferably, the angular opening of each sector is greater than 90 ° / 4. Thus, even in the form of the entire cover, two cover portions are partially overlapped. The superposition of the two modules improves the resistance to weather conditions and simplifies the arrangement of specific barrier means.

  According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the same group of cover parts 11, 21, 31 or 41 are kinematically connected two by two. In this way, the remaining cover parts of the same group are moved by moving the top or bottom cover part of the same group (that is, the cover part located at one end of the group of connected cover parts). Can be pulled and moved by a knock-on effect. The kinematic connection between one cover part and the other cover part can be achieved, for example, by mechanical pawls (not shown in the accompanying drawings). According to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the cover portion with the smallest radial length is the active traction portion. Another embodiment can be envisaged in which the cover portion with the greatest radial length is the active traction portion.

  Advantageously, the cover 1 can be provided with a group of fixed (non-rotating with respect to the hinge axis) cover parts for each group, the fixed cover part being a series of mobile cover parts belonging to each group. Arranged at one end. In particular, as can be seen from the accompanying drawings, the cover portion having the largest radial dimension is the fixed cover portion. That is, all of the remaining mobile cover portions can be mounted under the fixed cover portion. Alternatively, the cover portion having the minimum length in the radial direction may be a fixed cover portion. When the cover has a fixed cover portion, the portion of the hole corresponding to the cover portion is always covered. According to this solution, the maximum free opening of the hole is lost, but it is not necessary to provide a technical area adjacent to the hole for positioning the overlapped cover part.

  Preferably, the openable cover 1 is provided with moving means for automatically moving one cover part with respect to the other cover part and with respect to the edge of the hole, whereby individual hinge shafts are provided. Rotational motion about (separate or common hinge axes) is identified.

  According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the same group of cover parts 11, 21, 31 or 41 are kinematically connected to each other as described above. The moving means includes a single motorized drive device associated with the active traction portion and a plurality of mobile support devices that support the remaining passive cover portion, i.e., the cover portion that is subject to traction. It is equipped with.

  Preferably, the moving means is arranged at a location corresponding to the movable support end of the cover portion. In other words, the hinge-type end portion has only the function of the support, whereas the motion is transmitted to the cover portion starting from the support end portion. For this purpose, a specific bearing or sliding ring is provided at the location corresponding to the hinged end, which allows rotation about the pin 50.

  In particular, the electric drive device includes an electric system having a drive gear and a rack.

  In particular, as schematically shown in FIG. 9, the drive gear 71 is associated with the movable support end of the cover portion and the rack 72 is associated with the fixed structure. The mobile support device can in particular consist of rotating bodies (rollers or wheels) or guides on the rails, the rotating bodies or guides being moved by being pulled by the active cover part. Associated with the supporting end of the remaining cover portion.

  Preferably, the motorized system with drive gears acts on the active traction cover part (eg the head or tail cover part of the group) and the mobile support device is the remaining passive part of the group. Associated with the active cover part, ie the towed and moving cover part.

  Preferably, a specific engagement lane (for example, a circumferential groove) or rail for the rotating body can be provided in the vicinity of the edge of the hole A. A rack is provided for the drive gear as described above. These engaging lanes are formed in a concentric arc shape.

  Another embodiment can be provided where the motorized drive system is located at a location corresponding to the hinged end. In other words, the mobile support end has only the function of the support and is only equipped with the mobile support end, while starting from the hinged end, for example, a series of independent motorized Movement by the pin of the formula is transmitted to the cover part.

  As for the driving means, another embodiment such as a cable system, a magnetic system, an air cushion system, or other system suitable for this purpose may be provided.

  Advantageously, the openable cover 1 can be equipped with means for cleaning the cover surface formed by the cover part. Such a cleaning means is, for example, a brush or a spatula arranged between one cover part and another cover part, for example at a location corresponding to the radial part of the support structure of each cover part. Can be composed of

  The present invention is also intended for a ship including at least one hole formed in a fixed structure portion of a ship and an openable / closable cover 1 that covers the above-described hole, in particular, a cruise ship. It has the essential features described above and optional features.

  In particular, each cover part 11, 21, 31 and 41 has a hinged end, and each cover part corresponds to the hinged end of a ship in which a hole is formed. It is rotatably connected to a fixed structure or another fixed structure of the ship. Each cover part 11, 21, 31 and 41 has a support end, and each cover part is supported by the support end so as to be movable in the structure part in which the hole is formed. Yes.

  In particular, as already described, at least a part of the edge of the hole A is arcuate, and the support end of the cover part belonging to the same group is concentric with the arc of the edge of the hole. It is designed to rotate along separate arcs. Preferably, the cover surface formed by the cover portion is fan-shaped centered about the same hinge axis.

  As already mentioned, the hinge axis X of each cover part (in the case of an embodiment in which the cover parts are independent), or the hinge axis X common to one group or two or more groups of cover parts Is formed by at least one pin 50.

  If the pin 50 is common to a plurality of cover portions or groups of cover portions, the pin 50 can be composed of a plurality of independent coaxial cylindrical portions 51, 52, which are shown in FIG. Have different lengths in the radial direction.

  According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, the pin 50 is a fixed structure portion of a ship in which a hole is formed at a position corresponding to the edge of the hole (for example, a box-shaped structure portion of the uppermost deck). It can be directly connected to.

  According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the use of a bracket element connected to the anchoring structure of the ship in which the holes are formed, or another fixing under the structure in which the holes are formed The pins 50 are positioned inside the holes by using columns or columns that are supported by a structure (eg, a lower deck as specifically shown in FIG. 8).

  According to the present invention, several advantages already described in part can be obtained.

  Due to the form having the rotary cover portion, the openable cover 1 according to the present invention can be attached to any part of the ship, and in many cases has a cylindrical or spherical geometric shape and shape. Can also be attached to the stern or bow area known. In this way, the aesthetic influence of the cover 1 can be reduced by the suitability of the cover 1 to the ship. On the contrary, the cover 1 can contribute to the aesthetic characterization of the ship.

  Unlike traditional solutions that are forced to employ two drive systems (eg, two motors), one at each end, according to the structure of the rotating cover part, one It becomes possible to use a single drive system for one independent cover part or for a group of individual independent cover parts. As already explained, this greatly improves the mechanical reliability. That is, all the problems related to the existence of a pair of motors are eliminated.

  As another result of employing a single drive system, the structural tension associated with the two motors operating separately is eliminated. This makes it possible to downsize the support structure of each cover part as compared to traditional solutions. This is useful in terms of weight reduction of the cover.

  In particular, the openable cover 1 according to the present invention is smaller than the traditional cover in any situation due to the fan-shaped structural shape in which a movable support is provided only at one end. Can be done. Even if the openings to be covered are equal, a single mobile support end is provided, thereby reducing the size of the structure (compared to the two support ends of the traditional solution) Therefore, it becomes possible to reduce the weight of the structure part.

  According to the embodiment including the rotary cover portion, it is possible to reduce the technical area required for the operation of the cover. That is, compared to the traditional solution with double side guides, the cover 1 only requires a single guide area arranged along the “circular” edge of the hole A.

  Finally, the cover according to the invention as a whole is easy and cheap to manufacture and does not require a solution of a very complex structure.

  Thus, the envisaged invention realizes a set of articles.

  Of course, in practical embodiments, shapes and forms different from those described above may be envisaged, so that these forms and forms do not depart from the protection scope of the present invention.

  Furthermore, all parts can be replaced with technically equivalent elements, and any size, shape, and material can be used as desired.

Claims (20)

An opening / closing cover for a ship, particularly for a cruise ship, which covers a hole (A) formed in a fixed structure part (110) of the ship (100),
The cover (1) is at least one group of cover parts (11, 21, 31 or 41) arranged at different heights (h1, h2) so that they can be at least partially overlapped. )
The cover part is movable with respect to the fixed structure part (110) and is movable with respect to each other, whereby the cover part is spatially distributed with respect to the hole (A). Have different forms of
Each of the cover portions includes a hinged end (12, 22, 32, 42) and a support end (13, 23, 33, 43), and each of the cover portions is hinged. At a location corresponding to the end portion (12, 22, 32, 42) of the cover portion, and is rotatably connected to the fixed structure portion in which the hole (A) is formed or another fixed structure portion of the ship, Each of the covers is supported by the support end portions (13, 23, 33, 43) so as to be movable in a fixed structure portion of the ship.   2. Cover according to claim 1, comprising two or more groups of said cover parts (11, 21, 31, 41).   Cover according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said cover parts (11, 21, 31 or 41) of the same group are rotatably connected to said fixed structure part of a ship with a common hinge axis (X). .   Two or more groups of the cover parts (11, 21, 31, 41) are rotatably connected to the fixed structure of the ship with a single and common hinge axis (X). Item 4. The cover according to any one of Items 1 to 3.   The cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the cover portions forms a tapered cover surface that tapers from the support end toward the hinged end.   The cover according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a cover surface formed by the cover portion has a planar shape corresponding to a sector shape.   The cover according to claim 1, wherein the cover surface formed by the cover portion has a flat or arched profile along a radial cross section.   The cover parts (11, 21, 31 or 41) of the same group are so high that the cover parts (11, 21, 31 or 41) of the same group can be at least partially overlapped. 8. A cover according to any one of the preceding claims, having a lateral arrangement, whereby the gap between the overlapped cover parts is maximally reduced.   Even when the cover part forms a cover surface which is larger than the hole (A) as a whole, and thus the cover part is arranged in a spatial shape covering the whole of the hole, the cover part is also connected to the connection region. The cover according to claim 1, which is partially overlapped two by two. Two of the same group of cover parts are kinematically connected,
At least one of the cover portions, preferably the leading or trailing cover portion of the same group is operated to pull the remaining cover portions of the same group, thereby moving the remaining cover portions of the same group. The cover according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the operation of is determined.   The cover according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising moving means for moving the cover portions relative to each other and relative to the edge of the hole. The moving means used in a single group consisting of cover parts connected two by two,
An electric system of drive gears and racks acting on the top cover part of the single group,
The electric system includes a gear (71) associated with a movable support end (13, 23, 33, 43) of the leading cover portion; a rack (72) associated with the fixed structure; Have
further,
A rotating body associated with the support end (12, 22, 32, 42) of the remaining cover portion of the single group, the remaining cover portion being pulled by the leading cover portion. 12. A cover according to claim 10 or 11 that moves. A ship, especially a cruise ship,
At least one hole formed in the fixed structure of the ship;
The openable cover according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which covers the hole,
The openable cover then comprises at least one group of cover parts arranged at different heights so that they can be at least partially overlapped,
The cover part is movable with respect to the fixed structure and movable with respect to each other, thereby having a plurality of different forms spatially distributed with respect to the hole (A). Become
Each of the cover portions includes a hinge-type end portion and a support end portion, and each of the cover portions has a hole (A) formed at a location corresponding to the hinge-type end portion. It is rotatably connected to the fixed structure part of the ship or another fixed structure part of the ship, and each of the cover parts is supported by the support end part so that it can move in the fixed structure part in which the hole is formed. A ship characterized by being made.   The ship according to claim 13, wherein the fixed structure portion is a deck.   15. A ship according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the openable cover comprises two or more groups of the cover portions.   The ship according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the cover parts of the same group are rotatably connected to the fixed structure part of the ship with a common hinge axis (X).   17. One or more groups according to any one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the cover parts of two or more groups are rotatably connected to the fixed structure of the ship with a single and common hinge axis (X). Ship described in. The common hinge axis (X) is formed by at least one pin (50);
The ship according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the pin is directly connected to the fixed structure part of the ship in which the hole is formed at a position corresponding to an edge of the hole. The common hinge axis (X) is formed by at least one pin (50);
The pin is supported by a support element supported by a bracket element connected to the fixed structure portion of the ship in which the hole is formed, or another fixed structure portion below the fixed structure portion in which the hole is formed. The marine vessel according to claim 16 or 17, which is positioned inside the hole. At least part of the edge of the hole is arcuate,
The supporting ends of the cover portions of the same group rotate and move along separate arcs that are concentric with the arc of the edge;
The ship according to any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein the cover surface formed by the cover part is preferably fan-shaped centered with respect to the same hinge axis.

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