JP2015232306A - Wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind turbine capable of attaining a high output by performing efficient turning of a rotating blade.SOLUTION: A wind turbine 1 used in a wind power generator is constituted in such a way that a rotating shaft 2 is arranged to be crossed with a wind direction at a right angle, and a turning shaft 31 of a turning part 3a of an upper stage and a turning shaft 31 of a turning part 3b of a lower stage are arranged at the rotating shaft 2 to be crossed at a right angle as seen from its top plan view and an angle between one turning blade 321 and the other turning blade 322 as seen from their side view is 90 degrees. An arrangement that the turning blade 321 and the turning blade 322 are arranged at the turning shaft 31 shows that when the turning part 3 is arranged at the rotating shaft 2, the turning blade 321 is turned around the rotating shaft 2 in a forward direction by 45 degrees and the turning blade 322 is turned around the rotating shaft 2 in a rearward direction by an angle of 45 degrees like a balancing toy and the turning part 3 is stabilized around a fulcrum of the rotating shaft 2. When wind blows, the turning blade 321 is oscillated rearward and a lower end part 32b is faced downward, the lower end part 32b of the turning blade 322 is lifted up and becomes a horizontal state and starts to rotate.

Description

  The present invention relates to a windmill that can obtain power by rotating swirl vanes with wind power.

Power from windmills has been used for pumping water and grinding for some time, but in recent years it has been used for wind power generation.
Wind power generation, like solar power generation, uses natural energy and does not use fossil fuels and therefore does not emit carbon dioxide, so there is no fear of resource depletion and no concern about global warming. In addition, wind power generation is safe and secure, unlike nuclear power generation where radiation leakage is a concern.

Wind turbines used for such wind power generation are roughly classified into a parallel type in which the rotation axis is arranged in parallel to the wind direction and a vertical type in which the rotation axis is arranged vertically.
Unlike the parallel type, the vertical wind turbine can cause the swirl blade to receive wind from any direction. As such a vertical type windmill, those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known.

  The vertical two-stage windmill described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a two-stage wind turbine that rotates clockwise and a wind turbine that rotates counterclockwise on a coaxial column, and at the same time pulling out a large torque by rotating a gear on two boundary lines. The movement of the rotating wings is also reversed, and the wings on the leeward side are accelerated and opened outwards at almost the same timing, and the causes of the vibrations cancel each other.

  In addition, the windmill described in Patent Document 2 has a plurality of pinions attached at intervals in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the windmill body so as to contact the annular rack, and the first windmill is integrated with the pinion. A crescent-shaped prime mover that is a rotating member is provided, and a follower that is a second rotating member is attached so as to be in contact with the prime mover. The continuous rotational motion of the driving vehicle is converted into the intermittent rotational motion of the driven vehicle, and the blades rotate in the circumferential direction of the windmill body while intermittently changing the angle with respect to the windmill body about the rotation axis.

  Furthermore, the vertical axis windmill described in Patent Document 3 includes a rotating shaft that extends vertically, a support arm that is fixed to the rotating shaft, a wind receiving plate that is rotatably supported by the support arm, and a rotational position of the rotating shaft. And a rotating means for rotating the wind receiving plate with respect to the support arm in accordance with the non-circular annular guide rail disposed so as to surround the rotating shaft, and fixed to the wind receiving plate. And a guide member that moves along the guide rail by the rotation of the rotation shaft.

JP 2011-133298 A JP 2012-167580 A JP 2013-29028 A

  However, in the vertical two-stage windmill described in Patent Document 1, when the wing (movable blade) is opened from the support arm and receives wind, it is opened while receiving wind resistance. Therefore, the vertical two-stage windmill described in Patent Document 1 cannot turn the movable blades efficiently.

  Moreover, in the windmill described in Patent Document 2, since it is rotated while changing the angle of the blades by the rack and the pinion, it receives resistance due to mechanical friction. Therefore, the windmill described in Patent Document 2 cannot turn the blades efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the vertical axis windmill described in Patent Document 3, the wind receiving plate is opened and closed while the guide member moves along the guide rail. Therefore, the vertical axis windmill described in Patent Document 3 receives the resistance when the guide member moves while sliding on the guide rail, and thus the wind receiving plate cannot be efficiently turned.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the windmill which can obtain a high output by turning a turning blade efficiently.

  The windmill of the present invention includes a rotating shaft arranged in a direction intersecting with the wind direction, and a turning portion that rotates around the rotating shaft, and the turning portion is provided on the rotating shaft so as to be pivotable. A pair of swivel shafts that swivel around the rotating shaft and a swivel shaft that is sandwiched between the rotating shafts, one tilted forward toward the windward and the other tilted backward toward the leeward It is provided with wings.

  According to the windmill of the present invention, one swirl blade is inclined forward toward the windward side, and the other swirl blade is inclined rearward toward the leeward side. One swirl vane rotates while rotating backward about the swivel axis. The turning shaft is rotated by the rotation of one of the swirling blades, and the other swirling blade is rotated while rotating further in the direction of receiving wind around the swirling shaft. When one swirl vane becomes parallel to the wind flow, the other swirl vane returns to its original posture together with the one swirl vane. When the other swirl vane begins to receive wind, the other swirl vane becomes one swirl vane and receives wind and begins to rotate. In this way, the swivel shaft can rotate and the swirl blade can rotate while swinging, so that it can rotate efficiently.

  A stopper is provided on the swivel shaft for setting the one swirl blade at an angle for receiving wind when the swivel shaft is pivoted and setting the other swirl blade at an angle for releasing the wind. It is desirable that Since the stopper regulates the swing range of the swirl vane, the swirl vane can be adjusted and rotated to the angle that receives the most wind, so that the rotation efficiency can be improved.

  It is desirable that a balancer that moves the center of gravity of the swivel portion in the vertical direction is provided on the swivel shaft. When the center of gravity of the swivel unit is raised, the swirl blades can be easily swung even in a weak wind, so that the swirl can be rotated even when the wind is weak. In addition, when the center of gravity of the swivel portion is lowered, the swirl blades can be prevented from rotating too much because resistance to rocking occurs in strong winds.

  If the swirl vane has a side edge opposite to the rotation axis inclined toward the wind direction, this inclined surface can receive the wind flowing outward from the center of the swirl vane. Further, the rotation efficiency can be improved.

  When the lower end portion of the swirl vane is inclined toward the wind direction, the inclined surface can receive the wind flowing downward from the upper portion of the swirl vane, so that the rotation efficiency can be further improved.

  It is desirable that the swirl vane has a wide blade width from the inner side which is the rotating shaft side toward the outer side. Even if wind is applied to the inner part of the swirl blade, it is difficult to contribute to rotation because it is close to the rotation axis. Further, if the wind is received at the outer portion of the swirl vane, it can be rotated more lightly than the wind is received at the inner portion of the swirl vane. Moreover, the weight of the swirl vane can be reduced by reducing the width of the inner portion of the swirl vane. Therefore, the swirl vane can be rotated more efficiently by narrowing the width of the inner portion of the swirl vane and increasing the width of the outer portion of the swirl vane.

  When the pair of swirl vanes are formed at an angle of 90 degrees with each other, one swirl vane receives at a right angle to the wind and when it turns, the other swirl vane is parallel to the wind. Therefore, since the influence of wind can be minimized, the swirl blade can be rotated most efficiently.

  The windmill of the present invention can be rotated while the swivel shaft is pivoted and the swirl blades are swung. Therefore, the windmill can be efficiently rotated, thereby obtaining a high output.

It is a perspective view of the windmill which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which looked at the turning part of the windmill shown in FIG. 1 from the side surface direction. It is a top view of the turning part of the windmill shown in FIG. 1, (A) is a figure before a wind is received, (B) is a figure in the state where the swirl blade swung by receiving the wind.

  A windmill according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present specification, the description will be made with the windward side as the front and the leeward side as the back, with the rotation axis as the center. Further, in this specification, the description will be made with the rotation axis side as the inner side and the side away from the opposite rotation axis as the outer side with the rotation axis as the center.

  A windmill 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used in a wind turbine generator. The windmill 1 includes a rotating shaft 2 arranged in a direction crossing the wind direction, a turning unit 3 that rotates around the rotating shaft 2, a balancer 4 provided on the turning unit 3, and a stopper provided on the rotating shaft 2. 5 and a base portion 6 that supports the rotating shaft 2.

The rotating shaft 2 is connected to a generator (not shown).
Two sets of the swivel units 3 (3a, 3b) are provided at positions that are up and down along the rotation axis 2. The swivel unit 3 is provided on the rotary shaft 2 so as to be pivotable. The swivel unit 3 includes a swivel shaft 31 that revolves around the rotation shaft 2 and swirl blades 32 (one swirl blade 321 and the other swirl blade 322) provided on the swivel shaft 31 with the rotation shaft 2 interposed therebetween. I have.

The swirl vane 32 is provided on the swivel shaft 31 so that one swirl vane 321 is inclined forward toward the windward side, and the other swirl vane 322 is inclined backward toward the leeward side.
In the present embodiment, the rotary shaft 2 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the wind direction, and the swivel unit 3 is a plan view of the swivel shaft 31 of the upper swivel unit 3a and the swivel shaft 31 of the lower swivel unit 3b. The one swirl vane 321 and the other swirl vane 322 are disposed at an angle of 90 degrees when viewed from the side.

  Since the swirl vanes 321 and 322 are provided on the swivel shaft 31 as described above, when the swivel unit 3 is disposed on the rotation shaft 2, the swirl blade 321 is 45 degrees forward about the rotation shaft 2 and the swirl blade 322. Is at an angle of 45 degrees to the rear, and the swivel unit 3 is stabilized with the rotating shaft 2 as a fulcrum, as if to adjust.

  The swirl vane 32 has a wide blade width from the inner side which is the rotating shaft side toward the outer side. Further, the swirl vane 32 has an inclined surface in which a side edge portion 32a opposite to the rotary shaft 2 is inclined toward the wind direction. Further, the swirl vane 32 has an inclined surface in which the lower end 32b is inclined toward the wind direction.

  The balancer 4 has a function of moving the center of gravity of the swivel unit 3 in the vertical direction. The balancer 4 includes a shaft portion 41 and a weight portion 42. The balancer 4 changes the height position of the weight part 42 by advancing or retreating the shaft part 41 by advancing / retreating means (not shown). The advancing / retreating means can determine the wind force based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 2 and adjust the center of gravity of the turning unit 3.

The stopper 5 has a function of setting one swirl vane 321 at an angle for receiving wind when the swivel shaft 31 pivots and setting the other swirl vane 322 at an angle for releasing the wind. . The stopper 5 includes an arm portion 51 extending from the rotation shaft 2 and a pad portion 52 that receives the shaft portion 41 of the balancer 4.
The angle at which the swirl vanes 32 receive wind is greater than 0 degrees, with the lower end 32b of the swirl vanes 32 facing upwind (front), and the lower end 32b of the swirl vanes 32 faces downward. It is 90 degrees or less of the state. Further, the angle at which the swirl vane 322 allows the wind to escape is greater than 90 degrees, and is 90 degrees or less when the lower end portion 32b of the swirl vane 32 faces leeward (rearward).

A state where the wind receiving surface 32s of the swirl vane 32 is directed straight toward the windward and is perpendicular to the wind direction can receive the wind at the maximum. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the stopper 5 is formed so that the inclination of the shaft portion 41 is stopped by the pad portion 52 when the shaft portion 41 of the balancer 4 has an angle of 45 degrees.
The balancer 4 and the stopper 5 are protected from rain and snow and dust by a cover (not shown).

The operation and use state of the wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, only the swivel unit 3a is illustrated and the state in which the swivel unit 3a is swung is described, but the same applies to the swivel unit 3b.
First, in the initial state, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A, the balance between the one swirl vane 321, the other swirl vane 322, and the balancer 4 with the shaft portion 41 extending right above the swivel shaft 31 is balanced. Thus, one swirl blade 321 is stable at an angle of 45 degrees forward from the swivel axis 31 and the other swirl blade 322 is stabilized at an angle of 45 degrees rearward from the swivel axis 31 (shown by a solid line in FIG. 2). .

When the wind blows, the swirl wing 321 inclined forward receives the wind, and the swivel unit 3 starts to rotate around the rotation shaft 2 while rotating backward about the swivel shaft 31.
When the swivel wing 321 is rotated and the swivel shaft 31 is pivoted, the shaft 41 is tilted from directly above until the shaft 41 of the balancer 4 hits the pad 52 of the stopper 5.
When the shaft portion 41 of the balancer 4 hits the pad portion 52 of the stopper 5 and the pivoting of the swivel shaft 31 stops, the direction along the wind receiving surface 32s of the swirl vane 321 faces downward and the wind receiving surface 32s turns to the wind direction. On the other hand, since it is perpendicular to the surface, the wind can be received most greatly.

  In the swirl vane 321, the side edge portion 32 a on the side opposite to the rotating shaft 2 is inclined toward the wind direction. Therefore, wind that flows outward from the center of the swirl vane 321 to the inclined surface of the side edge portion 32 a. It can be received. Therefore, the rotation efficiency can be further improved by forming the side edge portion 32a on the inclined surface.

  Since the lower end portion 32b of the swirl vane 321 is inclined toward the wind direction, the inclined surface of the lower end portion 32b can receive the wind flowing downward from the upper portion of the swirl vane 32. Therefore, the rotation efficiency can be further improved by forming the lower end 32b on the inclined surface.

  Further, since the swirl vane 321 has a wide blade width from the inner side which is the rotating shaft 2 side toward the outer side, the inner side which is difficult to contribute to the rotation is notched to reduce the weight of the swirl vane 321 and swirl. By receiving a lot of wind at the outer portion of the blade 321, the wind can be rotated more lightly at the inner portion of the swirl blade 321.

At this time, the other swirl vane 322 pivots so that the lower end portion 32b is lifted and becomes a horizontal state from the initial state where the swirl shaft 31 is pivoted and tilted rearward toward the leeward. (In FIG. 2, it is indicated by a dotted line).
When the other swirl vane 322 is in a horizontal state, the projected area (received wind area) seen from the windward side of the other swirl vane 322 is minimized when the swirl vane 322 rotates from the rear to the front with the rotary shaft 2 as the center. The other swirl vane 322 can be smoothly rotated from the rear position to the front position with a small resistance from the position where the wind is released to the position where the wind is received.

For example, in the case of a strong wind, the other swirl blade 322 rotates in the strong wind from the rear to the front. At this time, for example, the other swirl blade does not bend at the lower end, and the other swirl blade swirls. If it hangs diagonally downward from the shaft 31, the other swirl vane may be lifted by the lift of the wind flow.
However, when the other swirl vane 322 is in a horizontal state, the lower end 32b of the other swirl vane 322 faces diagonally upward, so that the other The floating of the swirl vane 322 can be suppressed.
Further, when the lower swivel 322 is bent by the bending of the lower end portion 32b of the other swirl wing 322 and the other swirl wing 322 is rotated, one of the swirl wings 322 is rotated. Since the swirl vane 321 pivots forward about the swivel axis 31, the projected area (received wind area) seen from the windward side receiving the wind decreases, so that the rotation speed of the swivel unit 3 can be further reduced. .

  Thus, when the other swirl vane 322 rotates forward, the other swirl vane 322 becomes one swirl vane 321, one swirl vane 321 rotates rearward, and one swirl vane 321 turns into the other swirl vane 322. Continue to turn around.

  As described above, according to the wind turbine 1 according to the present embodiment, the swirl shaft 31 pivots so that the swirl vanes 32 can rotate while swinging, and therefore can rotate efficiently. Therefore, since the windmill 1 can turn the swirl | wing blade 32 efficiently, a high output is obtained. Moreover, since the rotating shaft 2 is arrange | positioned in the direction orthogonal to a wind direction, the windmill 1 will rotate even if a wind blows from any of 360 degrees around the windmill 1, or a wind direction changes suddenly. The swivel unit 3 can be swung around the axis 2. Further, the swivel shafts 31 of the swivel units 3a and 3b are arranged on the rotary shaft 2 so as to be orthogonal to each other, and are provided at positions that are vertically located along the rotary shaft 2, so that the swirl vanes 32 are positioned every 90 degrees. Therefore, even if the wind blown from 360 degrees around the windmill 1 is a slight wind, the swirl blades 32 of the swivel units 3a and 3b can receive the wind, and the rotation can be started.

Here, the function of the balancer 4 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the wind is light, it may be difficult to swing the swirl blade 32 downward from the forward tilt due to the weight of the swirl blade 32.
In such a case, since the balancer 4 has a function of moving the center of gravity of the swivel unit 3 in the vertical direction, the swirl vanes 32 can be swung even with a slight wind.

  When the shaft portion 41 of the balancer 4 advances, the weight portion 42 becomes higher, so that the center of gravity rises and the swirl vane 32 can be easily swung even with a little wind. Further, when there is no problem even if the reaction of the swirl vanes 32 is slow due to strong winds, the shaft portion 41 is retracted. By doing so, the weight portion 42 is lowered, the center of gravity is lowered, and the swirl vane 32 does not react with a little wind. In this embodiment, the shaft portion 41 is advanced and retracted, but the weight portion 42 may be moved up and down along the shaft portion 41.

For the vertical movement of the shaft part 41 and the vertical movement of the weight part 42, the degree of wind force is determined based on the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 2. If the rotational speed is low, the balancer 4 raises the center of gravity and the rotational speed can be increased. For example, the balancer 4 lowers the center of gravity.
In this way, the windmill 1 can turn the turning unit 3 efficiently even in a light wind.

  Although the windmill according to the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. In the present embodiment, two sets of the swivel units 3a and 3b are arranged at the upper and lower positions, but the swivel unit 3 may be one set or three or more sets. When there are two or more swivel units 3, the swirl vanes of the swivel unit 3 are arranged at equal angles in plan view so that each swivel unit 3 can be rotated evenly. So desirable.

  Since the present invention can obtain power by smoothly and efficiently rotating even in light winds, the present invention is particularly suitable as a power source for a rotating machine, particularly for wind turbines of wind power generation devices, and optimal for personal wind power generation. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 2 Rotating shaft 3, 3a, 3b Turning part 31 Turning axis 32, 321, 322 Turning blade 32a Side edge part 32b Lower end part 32s Wind receiving surface 4 Balancer 41 Shaft part 42 Weight part 5 Stopper 51 Arm part 52 Pad part 6 Base

Claims (7)

A rotation axis arranged in a direction intersecting the wind direction;
A revolving part that rotates about the rotation axis,
The swivel part is
A pivot shaft provided on the rotary shaft so as to be pivotable, and pivoting about the rotary shaft;
A wind turbine comprising a pair of swirl blades provided on the swivel shaft with the rotation shaft interposed therebetween, one inclined forward toward the windward side and the other inclined backward toward the leeward side.   A stopper is provided on the swivel shaft for setting the one swirl blade at an angle for receiving wind when the swivel shaft is pivoted and setting the other swirl blade at an angle for releasing the wind. The windmill according to claim 1.   The wind turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a balancer that moves the center of gravity of the swivel portion in a vertical direction is provided on the swivel shaft.   The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the swirl blade has a side edge portion opposite to the rotation shaft inclined toward a wind direction.   The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the swirl blade has a lower end portion inclined toward the wind direction.   The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the swirl blade has a wide blade width from the inner side which is the rotating shaft side toward the outer side.   The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pair of swirl vanes are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees.

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