JP2015228826A - Creature exclusion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a creature exclusion device made to expose a voice superposed on an ultrasonic wave, directly or indirectly to a creature to be excluded.SOLUTION: A creature exclusion device 1 radiates the voice, in which a fundamental sound of an exclusion object creature and a false sound using the characteristic acoustic property of the fundamental sound are superposed on an ultrasonic signal, as a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound pressure level of the sound emitted by the exclusion object creature.

Description

  The present invention relates to a biological exclusion device that excludes animals including mammals to be excluded (hereinafter referred to as “exclusion organisms”), and more particularly to a biological exclusion device that uses sound.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, biological exclusion devices for the purpose of eliminating harmful animals (eg, organisms to be excluded such as cockroaches, rats, birds (crows, starlings, pigeons)) have been disclosed. As one of the conventional biological exclusion devices, a device that includes an electroacoustic transducer (speaker) that periodically changes signals in different ultrasonic bands and radiates them in the air is disclosed. . In the following description, “exclusion” includes “disinfection”, “aversion”, and “avoidance”.

  As such, “a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters each having a different frequency band and a drive circuit for driving each ultrasonic transmitter are provided, and one of a plurality of predetermined drive modes is selected. And selecting a drive mode, and controlling the drive circuit based on the drive mode, and each mode includes at least one ultrasonic transmitter from the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters. A harmful animal extermination device using ultrasonic waves characterized in that a random band is provided that randomly selects and randomly controls the drive frequency and drive time of the drive circuit has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the harmful animal extermination device described in Patent Document 1, an ultrasonic signal is radiated to a storage device such as an IC mounted on a product equipped with a radiator according to a preprogrammed time and period. Therefore, signal processing is performed to prevent the object that presents sound radiation from getting used to the sound.

  In addition, as an example of harmful animals, “birds” can be cited as ones that are frequently excluded from various industries. In recent years, crows, starlings, and pigeons have been targeted as “birds”. Of these, it is well known that crows have the highest intelligence among "birds", and specialized research results show that crows are also good at communication between birds.

  In the conventional biological exclusion device, the crow's sound is emitted from the speaker at a high sound pressure level by directly exposing the crow's sound to the crow, so that the crow is made to avoid the behavior. There was also a thing (for example, refer patent document 2).

JP-A-7-107893 (for example, pages 2 and 3) Japanese Patent No. 5135507 (for example, Example 1)

Since there are many animals that can be heard up to the frequency of the ultrasonic band, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, for animals that have the ability to hear the ultrasonic band among the organisms to be excluded, The effect of a certain period can be exhibited.
However, there is a problem that it does not have a great influence on the organisms to be excluded such as crows that do not use the ultrasonic band and have relatively high communication.
In addition, even if the oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic signal is changed, it does not change that it changes at a constant rhythm. There was also a problem of end.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is important to make an elimination target organism hear an acoustic signal necessary for exclusion or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to radiate an acoustic signal at a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound of the organism to be excluded. For this reason, sound having a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound of the organism to be excluded is radiated at a high volume from a speaker for emitting sound regardless of the night. Therefore, the sound signal necessary for the exclusion of the organisms to be excluded is emitted around the environment where the organism exclusion device is installed. Was causing the problem.

  This invention is made in the background of the above-mentioned subject, and it aims at providing the biological exclusion apparatus which made it expose directly or indirectly the sound superimposed on the ultrasonic wave with respect to the biological object to be excluded. .

  A biological exclusion device according to the present invention is a biological exclusion device that excludes an organism to be excluded, and superimposes an original sound of the organism to be excluded and a pseudo sound using characteristic acoustic characteristics of the original sound on an ultrasonic signal. The sound is radiated as a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound pressure level of the sound emitted by the organism to be excluded.

  The biological exclusion device according to the present invention uses the original voice of the organism to be excluded, or the artificial voice (pseudo-voice) created with the frequency pattern of the original voice generated in danger or fear to directly or indirectly appeal to the instinct of the animal. Can beast measures. Therefore, according to the biological exclusion device according to the present invention, unlike a conventional product using an artificial acoustic signal created without knowing an animal behavior pattern, a long time until the product itself that transmits sound reaches the end of its life. It is possible to eliminate pests (harmful animals) over a period of time.

It is a basic block conceptual diagram which shows the basic composition of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the time waveform example of the voice of two types of crows. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of a pseudo audio | voice for making it perform from the alert of a crow to an avoidance action. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a series of processing state examples of a signal processing. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of the waveform after the demodulation which a crow will hear. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating an example of the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the example of a combination of the air ultrasonic oscillator which made the aggregate | assembly of the air ultrasonic oscillator shown in FIG. A Langevin type oscillation system equipped with a 15 kHz Langevin element and a rectangular diaphragm 100 which is attached to the Langevin element and has a convex shape formed so as to divide and resonate in synchronization with the Langevin element, for example. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating another example of the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the output-sound pressure frequency characteristic of each reproduction | regeneration means comprised so that it might drive at 15 kHz. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the directional characteristic when it reproduces | regenerates with the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating an example of a structure of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one. Further, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the same reference numerals denote the same or equivalent parts, and this is common throughout the entire specification. Furthermore, the forms of the constituent elements shown in the entire specification are merely examples, and are not limited to these descriptions.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a basic block conceptual diagram showing a basic configuration of a biological exclusion device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Hereinafter, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The organism exclusion apparatus 1 is configured to directly or indirectly expose the sound superimposed on the ultrasonic waves to the organism to be excluded.

  The organism exclusion apparatus 1 includes an ultrasonic signal creation unit 10, an exclusion signal unit 12, a processing circuit unit 25, an addition unit 30, an amplifier 35, and a reproduction unit 40. The amplifier 35 is not an essential configuration.

  The ultrasonic signal generation unit 10 functions as a transmission circuit unit that generates an ultrasonic band signal of 15 kHz or higher. The signal frequency created by the ultrasonic signal creation unit 10 is used as a carrier signal.

The exclusion signal unit 12 is configured as an aggregate of the transmission circuit unit A20 and the transmission circuit unit B22.
In the transmission circuit unit A20, a raw original voice signal of the organism to be excluded (audio signal for the organism to be excluded) is stored, and a sound corresponding to the organism to be excluded is input.
The transmission circuit unit B22 uses white noise based on the sound signal for the organism to be excluded stored in the transmission circuit unit A20, and the original sound of the organism to be excluded, which is characteristic of the live sound, and the characteristic of the original sound. This is a storage area portion of pseudo sound (pseudo sound signal) created so as to be reproduced using acoustic characteristics.

  The processing circuit unit 25 creates a frequency characteristic of a voice pattern (first voice pattern) that promotes typical exclusion and a frequency characteristic of a plurality of pseudo voice patterns (second voice pattern) that are excluded from warning. By saving, random combination output with live audio is output at random. That is, the processing circuit unit 25 selects a second voice pattern to be combined with the first voice pattern, automatically performs a combination process on the selected second voice pattern and the first voice pattern, and outputs a random output. Yes.

The adder 30 functions as a part that couples the sound of the rejection signal unit 12 and the ultrasonic signal generator 10, and amplitude-modulates the signals output from each with a modulation waveform.
The amplifier 35 amplifies the sound pressure level of the signal amplitude-modulated by the adding unit 30.
The reproduction means 40 reproduces the signal amplified by the amplifier 35 as sound or the like and transmits it to a remote place. It is desirable that the reproducing means 40 emits a high sound pressure level in order to perform the same function as a known parametric speaker.

Here, the case where a crow is excluded as an organism to be excluded will be described.
In the case of animals that use voice communication or animals that perform collective behavior, it is known that voice communication is used to guide friends.
The crow has a developed auditory structure and pharyngeal structure, and is known to perform high-level voice communication between friends using a plurality of calls. In addition, crows are roughly classified into two types of crows and crows, and the frequency bands of the voices used by each are different.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining examples of time waveforms of two types of crow sounds. FIG. 2A shows an example of a time waveform of a voice of a crow crow, and FIG. 2B shows an example of a time waveform of a voice of a crow crow. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis represents frequency (kHz) and the horizontal axis represents time (SEC). The characteristics shown in FIG. 2 are merely examples of two types of crow sounds, and have several tens of types of frequency characteristics depending on the action content of the crow.

  From FIG. 2, it can be seen that the frequency band output as speech differs depending on the type of crow. FIG. 2 shows an example of an analysis result of voices emitted from “warning to avoidance action”. Then, “at the time of warning → at the time of preparation for avoidance → at the time of avoidance” is a series of voice examples, and has voice patterns by a plurality of combinations other than this.

In the organism exclusion device 1, one of the voices of the crow's original sound that is assumed to be an exclusion target organism (harmful beast) that is emitted during “warning → avoidance preparation → avoidance action” and “at fear” (single unit), or An audio pattern that is emitted when any one of them is combined is used. From FIG. 2, it can be seen that the frequency band of the generated voice is different depending on the type of crow. Therefore, by using “live” speech based on these speech patterns, the meaning of the speech is certain for the crow, and by using this speech, it is possible to surely perform the behavior of eliminating the crow.
In an actual environment, two types of crows may be mixed. Therefore, in the organism exclusion device 1, if both types of “live” audio are stored and randomly reproduced at appropriate time intervals, the effect can be exerted on both types.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a pseudo sound for causing a crow to perform an avoidance action. FIG. 3 (A) is a pseudo sound example for performing the action from the warning of the crow and the avoidance action, and FIG. 3 (B) is a pseudo sound example for performing the action from the warning of the mustard crow to the avoidance action. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents frequency (kHz) and the horizontal axis represents time (SEC).

  The pseudo sound shown in FIG. 3 is prepared so that preparations for avoiding live sound are not made, and warning and avoidance actions are performed. For both types of crows, the sound generation time should be within 0.5 seconds. Yes. This is aimed at not giving room to crow's actions. By doing this, it is possible to create a great fear for crows and to escape (avoid) immediately.

When the voice characteristic of FIG. 2 is analyzed, a characteristic frequency is extracted, and voice is created according to the type of crow, the result is as follows.
<In the case of pseudo-voices of Hashibo Sokara>
In the “warning” area,
One band is composed of 800 Hz to 1.5 kHz, 2.2 kHz to 3.8 kHz, 5.5 kHz to 6.2 kHz as one voice reproduction width, and one voice reproduction time width as 0.05 seconds.
The silence range between the bands is 0.01 seconds, and the band is reproduced four times and within 0.2 seconds.

In the area of “avoidance behavior”
1.1 kHz to 2.0 kHz, 2.5 kHz to 3.5 kHz, and 5.2 kHz to 7 kHz are set as one audio reproduction width, and one audio reproduction time width is set to 0.05 seconds to constitute one band.
The silence range between the bands is 0.01 seconds, and the band is reproduced four times to be within 0.2 seconds.
Note that vibrato is applied at intervals of about 400 Hz between 3.5 kHz and 5.2 kHz.

<In the case of pseudo-crowned voice>
In the “warning” area,
One band is composed of 400 Hz to 1.8 kHz and 2.2 kHz to 3.0 kHz as one voice reproduction width and one voice reproduction time width as 0.05 seconds.
The silence range between the bands is 0.01 seconds, and the band is reproduced four times and within 0.2 seconds.

In the area of “avoidance behavior”
One band is configured with 350 Hz to 1.5 kHz, 2.2 kHz to 3.0 kHz, 4.0 kHz to 4.2 kHz as one audio reproduction width, and one audio reproduction time width as 0.08 seconds.
The silence range between the bands is 0.01 seconds, and the band is reproduced four times to be within 0.32 seconds.
Note that vibrato is applied at intervals of about 200 Hz between 1.5 kHz and 2.2 kHz.

If both voices describe the feeling they heard, “Cuck, Cuck, Cuck, Cuck” is a single voice by repeating a very short voice playback, and it is not a continuous voice. It is a feature of the voice related to "alert".
The pseudo sound shown in FIG. 3 is created by analyzing the sound of the original crow. Compared with the original sound, the case where the sound pressure level is higher in the relatively low frequency band is the seed of the mustard crow and the higher frequency band. It is the seeds of the Hashiboso crow that are playing up to 2 and the voices of the two crows are played in different frequency bands.

  In the case of a crow or the like having an advanced voice pattern, since there are a plurality of voice patterns for performing the avoidance action, it is difficult to create and save all the voices. Therefore, the organism exclusion apparatus 1 solves the problem of “familiarity” by creating and storing a plurality of pseudo sounds using the original sound.

As described above, the biological exclusion device 1 uses the processing circuit unit 25 to perform a frequency characteristic of a voice pattern (first voice pattern) that prompts representative exclusion and a plurality of pseudo voice patterns (second voices) that are excluded from warning. It is possible to randomly output a free combination output from the frequency characteristics of the voice pattern) and the live voice.
In the biological exclusion device 1, the length of each voice pattern stored in the transmission circuit unit A20 and the transmission circuit unit B22 is 5 seconds or less at maximum, and the familiarity of the sound by letting it listen for a long time. It also prevents.

As shown in FIG. 2, the frequency characteristic of the voice in the case of a crow is a middle band from 500 Hz to 3 kHz, and is included in the human audible frequency band, which is a level that can be recognized by humans.
Therefore, if the crow voice pattern shown in the example is simply reproduced, it will be heard by humans.
In addition, the sound pressure level of the crow voice (scream) in the natural world is, for example, 70 dB to 80 dB even when the distance between the crow and the measuring instrument is 10 m, and has a very high sound pressure level. Yes.

  The output level (voice level) of the voice pattern of the exclusion signal unit 12 also needs to be radiated at a sound pressure level equal to or higher than that of the voice that actually generates crows in order to perform reliable avoidance action.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a series of processing states of signal processing. An example of a series of processing states of signal processing will be described with reference to FIG.

As a reproduction system using ultrasonic waves as a carrier signal, there is a parametric speaker means, which is also known. Known parametric loudspeakers are aimed at providing noise-free sound for human subjects. For this reason, known parametric loudspeakers are reproduced by solving the problem of amplitude modulation by digital signal processing.
In the biological exclusion device 1, reproduction is performed together with the sound of the crow by utilizing the problem as amplitude modulation.
The problem is pulse noise caused by external noise.

  In amplitude modulation, a beat phenomenon occurs at the time of demodulation, and there are cases where two signals of ultrasonic and voice are generated “in a beat”. When two waves of sound and ultrasonic waves generated as “beat” are reproduced from the reproducing means 40 and collide with a transmission destination crow, the sound portion is exposed to the crow. In addition to voice, ultrasonic waves with a high sound pressure level, which will be described later, are also exposed, so for crows, in addition to audible voices experienced in nature, ultrasound that has never been seen in nature. You will be exposed to high sound pressure levels.

It is well known that ultrasound with a high sound pressure level is also used in medicine, and feels as a physical vibration. In other words, ultrasonic waves with high sound pressure levels have an unpleasant effect on crows by receiving ultrasonic pressure fluctuations that crows have never experienced, in addition to voices that urge crows to eliminate. Become.
In addition, pulse-like noise due to external noise is directly exposed to the crow as an impact signal having a high sound pressure level.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a demodulated waveform that a crow hears. An example of a demodulated waveform that the crow will hear will be described with reference to FIG.

A pulsed signal sound is generated irregularly in the sound of the continuous signal and is exposed to animals such as crows. For this reason, it is provided as an unpleasant impulse sound for animals that perform advanced communication.
In addition, amplitude modulation can be configured with a simple circuit configuration, so that the circuit can be formed at low cost, and when installed outdoors, a powerful countermeasure structure, circuit configuration, and circuit for external noise required for digital circuits There is no need for complicated circuit settings, etc. Therefore, the biological exclusion device 1 employs a configuration that does not require digital processing, and has a feature that the cost merit for the circuit is great.

  As described above, the reproducing means 40 needs to emit a high sound pressure level. This is because when a crow is excluded in a residential area or the like, the sound of the crow is exposed even to the residents in the residential area by a general reproduction method using a speaker. In that case, it is just “noise” for the person who heard the crow's voice.

Therefore, in order not to give an unpleasant feeling to human beings, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 is configured to expose sound only to crows by ultrasonic conveyance.
However, a known general parametric speaker provides an “acoustic signal” only to a target location, and the parametric method has a characteristic that directivity is very narrow. Further, since the element structure for the parametric speaker is not dedicated, there is a disadvantage that the amplitude of a diaphragm or the like for emitting sound at a high sound pressure level cannot be created. For this reason, conventionally, the sound is provided only at a target location at a sound pressure level that can be heard by humans.

However, when targeting a crow that is an example of an organism to be excluded, the number of individuals gathering in the crow's “roost” or “food ground” is very large. Therefore, it is necessary to radiate sound in a wide range (wide range) and at a large sound pressure level.
In this case, it is advantageous to radiate sound with a general speaker for middle and low range where the directivity is expanded to some extent, but if a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound pressure level of crow pronunciation is radiated in a wide range, Naturally, since it is also exposed to human beings, as described above, it will be annoying to humans as “noise”.

From the above, to the target location, that is, to the crows that are in a group at a distance, the sound necessary for exclusion is sent as high a sound pressure as an ultrasonic wave carrier, and as wide as possible ( It is important to be able to provide speech with a wide range of directivity.
Therefore, according to the biological exclusion device 1, the target voice can be transmitted over a wide range to a distant place. Sound (speech) is not exposed and noise problems do not occur.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an example of the regeneration unit 40 of the organism exclusion apparatus 1. In FIG. 6, as an example of the reproducing unit 40, a unit using a plurality of airborne ultrasonic oscillators 41 is illustrated. FIG. 6A shows an outline of a single structure of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41, and FIG. 6B shows an example of a combination of a plurality of aerial ultrasonic oscillators 41.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, in the single structure of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41, the basic components of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 are the horn part 60, the PZT part 61 of the piezoelectric element, and the PZT. This is an electrode 63 for supplying a voltage to the pedestal 62 and the PZT 61. In the living organism exclusion apparatus 1, in order to radiate sound at a high sound pressure level and to have a wide directivity, the resonance frequency of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 is about 15 kHz, and an aerial ultrasonic wave that emits sound. The structure which enlarged the horn part 60 of the oscillator 41 is employ | adopted.

  Further, the applied voltage withstand voltage for causing the piezoelectric action can be increased by increasing the thickness of the PZT portion 61. Further, the horn unit 60 is fixed to the entire dense (antinode) portion of the vibration mode at the time of resonance (for example, at 15 kHz), which is the primary vibration component of the PZT unit 61, and the sound from the entire horn unit 60 that has propagated the primary vibration. It is supposed to emit. With this structure, the input voltage to the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 can be increased, and the displacement amount of the natural vibration of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 can be greatly oscillated.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, as one of means for emitting a strong sound pressure level, there is a dense formation of airborne ultrasonic oscillators 41. The sound pressure level radiated from the horn unit 60 with respect to the input voltage at one aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 is about 100 dB at 30 cm on the central axis of the horn unit 60. When the entire horn unit 60 vibrates, an ultrasonic signal is radiated linearly from the entire horn unit 60 into the air.

  FIG. 6B shows a configuration example in which a plurality of the aerial ultrasonic oscillators 41 are gathered to form a dense team. As a means for concentrating the arc portions of the horn part 60 having a round plan view, the triangular arrangement by the plurality of aerial ultrasonic oscillators 41 does not create an unnecessary gap, so that a very efficient dense formation can be formed. . Since the radiated sound is densely radiated on the axis in a straight line from each of the dense horn portions 60, the sound pressure level measured at a position 30 cm above the central axis in the configuration of FIG. 6B is about 130 dB. Become.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a combination of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 in which the aggregate of the aerial ultrasonic oscillators 41 shown in FIG. It is a block diagram. Based on FIG. 7, a combination example of the aerial ultrasonic oscillator 41 in which four clusters of radiation areas are assembled will be described.

  When four lumps of radiation areas are assembled, it is conceivable to combine the radiation areas from radiation area A to radiation area D as shown in FIG. As described above, since the sound pressure level obtained in one radiation area is 130 dB / 30 cm, a radiation sound pressure of a sound pressure level of around 156 dB can be obtained at 30 cm on the axis by combining a plurality of radiation areas. become. Since the sound radiation is linearly performed from one radiation area by the expansion of the radiation area, the result is that the sound radiation area can be expanded. The directivity is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 8 shows a 15 kHz Langevin element (not shown), a square diaphragm 100 which is attached to the Langevin element and has a convex shape formed so as to divide and resonate in synchronization with the Langevin element. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the Langevin type oscillation system which mounts. The Langevin type oscillation method will be described with reference to FIG.

  The Langevin element is an ultrasonic element formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric elements (PZT), and has a structural advantage that a high input voltage can be input. When the Langevin element vibrates at a resonance frequency of 15 kHz, the vibration propagates to the diaphragm 100 in a solid state. The resonance frequency propagated through the solid propagates through the diaphragm 100, and the diaphragm 100 has a vibration mode corresponding to a wavelength of 15 kHz.

  A plurality of convex portions 102 that match the wavelength of 15 kHz are formed on the surface of the diaphragm 100 so as to correspond to this vibration mode. Specifically, the convex portion 102 is formed with a distance dimension that matches the antinode of the vibration mode of the diaphragm 100. When the vibration of the Langevin element propagates to the diaphragm 100 and the Langevin element and the diaphragm 100 resonate, the plurality of convex portions 102 provided on the diaphragm 100 cause a vibration amplitude. By doing so, sound can be emitted uniformly from the convex portion 102 of the diaphragm 100.

  Further, the interval between the convex portions 102 is matched with the antinode of the wavelength of 15 kHz. One wavelength of 15 kHz is 22 mm, the half wavelength is 11 mm, and vibration “antinodes” and “nodes” occur every half (λ / 4). Since the maximum amplitude has two peaks, the convex portion 102 may be provided at that location. The diameter per convex portion 102 is about φ6. By so doing, sound radiation is performed from the entire area of the diaphragm 100 on which the plurality of convex portions 102 are formed, so that it is possible to have a wide directivity characteristic.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining another example of the regeneration means 40 of the organism exclusion apparatus 1. In FIG. 9, as an example of the reproducing unit 40, a structural outline of a dome type speaker 70 with a vibration suppression function (hereinafter simply referred to as a speaker 70) is illustrated. The speaker 70 will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9, the speaker 70 includes a dome diaphragm 71, an edge portion 73, and a pedestal 74.
The dome diaphragm 71 is fixed at an arbitrary position of the pedestal 74 via the edge portion 73. The dome diaphragm 71 has a dome-shaped cross section, and a damping material 72 is applied at least partially to control unnecessary vibrations.
The edge portion 73 is provided around the dome diaphragm 71 of the pedestal 74 and is configured to be able to freely vibrate. Therefore, the dome diaphragm 71 can be driven according to the audio signal input to the electrode 75.
The pedestal 74 supports the dome diaphragm 71 and the edge portion 73.

  The audio signal is transmitted to a voice coil (not shown) that drives the dome diaphragm 71 via the electrode 75. This sound signal can be obtained by the edge portion 73 that drives the dome diaphragm 71 and freely vibrates a displacement amount corresponding to the input. Therefore, a large vibration amplitude is obtained by the strong input voltage supplied from the amplifier 35, and a high sound pressure level and wide directivity are obtained by the arrangement configuration of the plurality of dome diaphragms 71. That is, by using a plurality of speakers 70 having such a structure, it is possible to emit sound with a wide directivity.

  A diaphragm of a general dome speaker can oscillate a sound having a relatively wide frequency band (for example, 8 kHz to 15 kHz) by dividing the diaphragm. However, the fact that the diaphragm vibrates at a wide frequency means that other frequencies are simultaneously generated in addition to the ultrasonic wave of the 15 kHz carrier wave. Therefore, before the sound superimposed on the ultrasonic wave propagates in space, sound radiation due to vibration of the diaphragm will resonate at the diaphragm.

  Therefore, in the organism exclusion device 1, a damping material 72 is applied to a part of the dome diaphragm 71 in order to control unnecessary vibration of the dome diaphragm 71 of the speaker 70. As a result, only the dome tip of the dome diaphragm 71 vibrates. Therefore, if the area where the damping material 72 is not applied is 11 mm, the dimensions are substantially the same as those of the convex portion 102 of FIG. 8, and sound is emitted from the area where the damping material 72 is not applied.

  FIG. 10 is a graph showing the output-sound pressure frequency characteristics of each reproducing means 40 configured to be driven at 15 kHz. Based on FIG. 10, an example of the output-sound pressure frequency characteristic of each reproducing means 40 configured to be driven at 15 kHz will be described. In FIG. 10, the vertical axis represents the output sound pressure frequency characteristic (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (Hz). Also, the dotted line shows an example of the resonance characteristics of the reproducing means 40 obtained by any method, and the solid line is an example of the frequency characteristics when driven by each reproducing means 40, and is 30 cm from the center of the driven portion. The reproduction frequency band at a distant position is shown.

From the dotted line in FIG. 10, it can be seen that the reproducing means 40 resonates at 15 kHz which is the frequency of the ultrasonic wave of the carrier.
Further, it can be seen from the solid line in FIG. 10 that the frequency corresponding to the crow-compatible voice is driven and reproduced at a maximum sound pressure level of 156 dB from about 800 Hz to about 15 kHz.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the directivity characteristic when the reproduction unit 40 reproduces the image. Based on FIG. 11, the directivity characteristics when the reproduction means 40 reproduces will be described.

  When considering the exclusion of crows, etc., for example, when crows or the like remain on a steel tower, etc., the crows etc. are mostly staying in a large area. Crows that do not reach cannot be excluded.

The dotted line shown in FIG. 11 indicates the pointing specification by a known parametric speaker, and it can be seen that the directivity is narrow (within 20 degrees from the center). For this reason, the range of voice exposure to crows is narrow, and the exclusion effect is not very good.
On the other hand, the solid line shown in FIG. 11 shows the directivity characteristic by the organism exclusion device 1, and it can be seen that the sound reproduction area (= directivity) extends in the range of about 100 degrees from the center. Therefore, according to the organism exclusion device 1, voices can be exposed over a wide range with respect to organisms to be excluded such as “crows” and other crows gathered in a group, and a high exclusion effect is easily obtained.

  As described above, the organism exclusion apparatus 1 superimposes the artificial sound created using the frequency pattern of the sound generated when the exclusion target organism is in danger or fear or the frequency pattern of the sound emitted in danger or fear upon the ultrasonic wave. It is possible to take measures against pests by directly appealing to the instinct of the organism to be excluded. Therefore, according to the biological exclusion device 1, unlike a conventional product using an artificial acoustic signal created without knowing the behavior pattern of the organism to be excluded, the biological transmission device 1 can be used for a long time until the product itself that transmits sound reaches the end of its life. It is possible to eliminate harmful pests (harmful animals).

  In addition, although the case where the biological exclusion apparatus 1 was used for the removal of a crow was demonstrated to the example, it is not limited to it. According to the biological exclusion apparatus 1, the necessary sound can be reliably applied to the necessary place by superimposing and reproducing the sound of the organism to be excluded on the ultrasonic wave. Therefore, it can be applied to starlings and pigeons, which have many problems as harmful birds. Further, according to the biological exclusion device 1, even if a randomly changing ultrasonic wave is superimposed on a carrier ultrasonic wave instead of a voice, the randomly changing ultrasonic wave propagates with a wide directivity characteristic at a distant place. To do. Therefore, since ultrasonic waves with a strong sound pressure level can be exposed, the same effect can be expected for mammals such as cats and dogs that can hear ultrasonic waves.

  Further, when the exclusion sound superimposed on the ultrasonic wave from the reproduction unit 40 propagates to the exclusion target organism such as the crow away from the reproduction unit 40 and collides with the exclusion target organism, the exclusion sound included in the ultrasonic wave And an ultrasonic signal having a higher sound pressure level are demodulated simultaneously. Therefore, a sound with a high sound pressure level is not always heard throughout the environment where the organism exclusion device 1 is installed. According to the biological exclusion device 1, there is no concern that the sound is exposed to the house in the vicinity of the reproduction means 40. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the organism to be excluded by quiet sound radiation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of the biological exclusion device 1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 12, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2 is demonstrated. Note that the basic configuration of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment. Further, the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment, and the same parts as those of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. Further, the modification applied to the same components as those in the first embodiment is similarly applied to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the organism exclusion device 1 according to Embodiment 2 includes one or more reflectors 80 in the vicinity (sound radiation direction) of various reproduction means 40. By doing so, the organism exclusion apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 2 is configured to widen the directivity of sound. FIG. 12 shows an example in which the reproduction means 40 of one aggregate described in FIG. 6B is expressed as two areas.

  The ultrasonic wave that is a carrier also has a characteristic that, when it collides with a rigid body, it can reflect and propagate sound in another direction. In this case, the angle at the reflecting surface is the same as that of light, and the incident / exit angle has an input / output angle relationship of 90 degrees. Therefore, if a plurality of reflecting surfaces can be provided, sound radiation in the 360-degree direction can be performed. For this reason, if a plurality of reflecting surfaces are provided, an omnidirectional acoustic radiation characteristic can be obtained depending on the situation of the place where provision of sound is required.

  For example, when the purpose is to eliminate crows in a public garbage place, etc., if the reflector 80 and the reproduction means 40 are installed in the central part and household garbage is placed around the reflector 80 Good. By doing so, it is possible to protect the entire garbage storage area from organisms to be excluded such as crows.

  As described above, in the biological exclusion device 1 according to the second embodiment, the artificial sound created using the frequency pattern of the sound emitted at the time of danger or fear of the organism to be excluded or the sound emitted at the time of danger or fear is converted into ultrasonic waves. Since it is superimposed and indirectly exposed to the organism to be excluded, it is possible to take pest countermeasures by means of directly appealing to the instinct of the organism to be excluded. Therefore, according to the biological exclusion device 1, unlike a conventional product using an artificial acoustic signal created without knowing the behavior pattern of the organism to be excluded, the biological transmission device 1 can be used for a long time until the product itself that transmits sound reaches the end of its life. It is possible to eliminate harmful pests (harmful animals).

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological exclusion device, 10 Ultrasonic signal creation part, 12 Exclusion signal part, 25 Processing circuit part, 30 Adder part, 35 Amplifier, 40 Reproduction means, 41 Aerial ultrasonic oscillator, 60 Horn part, 61 PZT part, 62 Pedestal, 63 electrodes, 70 Dome type speaker with damping function, 71 Dome diaphragm, 72 Damping material, 73 Edge part, 74 Pedestal, 75 electrode, 80 Reflecting plate, 100 Diaphragm, 102 Convex part, A20 Transmitting circuit part , B22 Transmission circuit section.

Claims (12)

A biological exclusion device that excludes organisms to be excluded,
A sound obtained by superimposing an original sound of the organism to be excluded and a pseudo sound using a characteristic acoustic characteristic of the original sound on an ultrasonic signal,
A biological exclusion device that emits a sound pressure level equal to or greater than or equal to a sound pressure level of sound emitted by the organism to be excluded. Having reproduction means capable of sound emission,
The organism exclusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sound emitted from the reproduction unit is directly or indirectly exposed to the organism to be excluded. The biological exclusion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a frequency band of the ultrasonic signal is 15 kHz or more. The original sound of the organism to be excluded is
The sound pattern of the original sound emitted at the time of "warning", "at the time of avoidance", "at the time of avoidance", and "at the time of fear" of the organism to be excluded is used. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of 3 above. The pseudo sound of the organism to be excluded is
Changes in the characteristic frequency characteristics of the voice pattern due to a single or a combination of the original voices that are emitted at the time of “warning”, “at the time of avoidance”, “at the time of avoidance”, and “at the time of fear” The biological exclusion device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the biological exclusion device is created so as to reproduce. The original sound and pseudo sound of the organism to be excluded are:
6. The biological exclusion device according to claim 5, which is automatically combined and randomly output. The biological exclusion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a length of a reproduction time per one voice pattern is 5 seconds or less. The biological exclusion device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein pulsed noise generated by external noise during amplitude modulation of the ultrasonic signal is also exposed to the organism to be excluded simultaneously with the voice pattern. The reproducing means includes
The biological exclusion device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, which is configured by combining a plurality of aerial ultrasonic elements including a horn part and a piezoelectric element. The reproducing means includes
Langevin element,
A vibration plate attached to the Langevin element and provided with a plurality of convex portions at portions corresponding to antinodes and nodes of a sound wave generated corresponding to a quarter wavelength of a resonance frequency necessary for reproducing ultrasonic waves. The biological exclusion apparatus as described in any one of Claims 3-8 dependent on Claim 2, Claim 2. The reproducing means includes
A dome diaphragm having a dome-shaped cross section; and
A damping material applied to a part of the dome diaphragm,
The biological exclusion device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, which is dependent on claim 2 and claim 2, and is configured by using a plurality of the dome diaphragms. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising one or more reflectors in a sound emission direction of the reproduction means.

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