JP6072149B2 - Biological exclusion device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a biological exclusion apparatus that can exclude an animal to be excluded (hereinafter referred to as “exclusion target organism”).

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, biological exclusion devices for the purpose of eliminating harmful animals (for example, organisms to be excluded such as cockroaches, rats, birds (crows, starlings, pigeons)) have been disclosed. As one of the conventional biological exclusion devices, a device that includes an electroacoustic transducer (speaker) that radiates the air in the air by periodically changing signals in different ultrasonic bands is disclosed. . In the following description, “exclusion” includes “disinfection”, “aversion”, and “avoidance”.

  As such, “a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters each having a different frequency band and a drive circuit for driving each ultrasonic transmitter are provided, and one of a plurality of predetermined drive modes is selected. And selecting a drive mode, and controlling the drive circuit based on the drive mode, and each mode includes at least one ultrasonic transmitter from the plurality of ultrasonic transmitters. A harmful animal extermination device using ultrasonic waves characterized in that a random band is provided that randomly selects and randomly controls the drive frequency and drive time of the drive circuit has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the harmful animal extermination device described in Patent Document 1, an ultrasonic signal is radiated to a storage device such as an IC mounted on a product equipped with a radiator according to a preprogrammed time and period. Therefore, signal processing is performed to prevent the object that presents sound radiation from getting used to the sound.

  In addition, as an example of harmful animals, “birds” can be cited as ones that are frequently excluded from various industries. In recent years, crows, starlings, and pigeons have been targeted as “birds”. Of these, it is well known that crows have the highest intelligence among "birds", and specialized research results show that crows are also good at communication between birds.

  In the conventional biological exclusion device, the crow's voice is emitted from the speaker at a large sound pressure level and directly applied to the crow using the crow's voice, thereby causing the crow to make an avoidance action. There was also a thing (for example, refer to patent documents 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-107893 Japanese Patent No. 5135507

Since there are many animals that can be heard up to the frequency of the ultrasonic band, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, for animals that have the ability to hear the ultrasonic band among the organisms to be excluded, The effect of a certain period can be exhibited.
However, there are problems such as not using the ultrasonic band and not having a great influence on the organisms to be excluded such as crows having relatively high communication. In other words, the crow has an audible frequency band that is substantially equivalent to that of a human being, and has a low hearing ability with respect to the frequency of the ultrasonic band, and as a result, does not hear the ultrasonic wave (not heard). For this reason, there is a case where the elimination effect cannot be obtained at all by simply applying the frequency in the ultrasonic band to the crow.

In addition, even if the oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic signal is changed, it does not change that it changes at a constant rhythm, so that a certain amount of time gives the organisms to be excluded a “habituation” to the sound itself. In other words, there was a problem that the effect disappeared at an early stage.
Therefore, the technique described in Patent Document 1 cannot reliably exclude the organisms to be excluded over a long period of time.

  Furthermore, ultrasonic waves have a characteristic that directivity is narrow. Therefore, in a device using a conventional ultrasonic speaker, sound reaches only a very small range, and if the ultrasonic wave is not reliably given to the organism to be excluded, the effect of exclusion cannot be obtained. .

  In the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is important to make an elimination target organism hear an acoustic signal necessary for exclusion or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to radiate an acoustic signal at a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound of the organism to be excluded. For this reason, sound having a sound pressure level equal to or higher than the sound of the organism to be excluded is radiated at a large volume from a speaker or the like for emitting sound all night. Therefore, since the sound signal necessary for the exclusion of the organisms to be excluded is emitted around the environment where the organism exclusion device is installed, it is equally given to the surrounding residents, and the "noise" caused by the installation environment Was causing the problem.

  The present invention has been made in the background of the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a biological exclusion device that can emit ultrasonic waves with a wide directional characteristic and effectively excludes organisms to be excluded. It is said.

The biological exclusion device according to the present invention is a biological exclusion device that excludes an organism to be excluded, and a pseudo sound created by using a reproducing means capable of emitting sound and an original sound generated when the organism to be excluded is abnormal. the superimposed on ultrasound signals, and a control unit for the radiation from said reproduction means as the sound pressure level and similar or better sound pressure level of the sound the exclusion target organism emitted, said reproducing means, vibrators a plurality of radiator strip configured as one block by combining the ultrasonic oscillator having a, wherein those that are constructed by arranging more than one block at intervals determined by the diameter of the diaphragm.

Biological elimination device according to the present invention, a plurality of the radiators band configured as one block by combining the ultrasonic oscillator with a resonator, are arranged more than one block at intervals determined by the diameter of the diaphragm is provided with the reproducing means is configured, it is possible to emit ultrasonic in a broad directional characteristics, it can be effectively eliminated elimination target organism.

It is a basic block conceptual diagram which shows the basic composition of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the time waveform and frequency change of "normal sound" of the crow as an exclusion object organism. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the time waveform and frequency change of "the audio | voice at the time of abnormality" of the crow as an organism for exclusion. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the time waveform and frequency change of the "pseudo sound" created based on the "sound at the time of abnormality" of the crow as a removal object organism. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the time waveform and frequency change of the audio | voice which a human generate | occur | produces. An example of the time-axis characteristic of the reproduction | regeneration audio | voice for eliminating a crow is shown. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the timing pattern of the light emission which the organism exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention provides. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the timing of the audio | voice and light emission which the organism exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention provides. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the timing of the audio | voice and pressure which the organism exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention provides. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the timing of the audio | voice, light emission, and pressure which the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention provides. It is the schematic which shows the outline | summary of an example of the single-piece | unit structure of the ultrasonic oscillator which comprises the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 1 shows an outline of an example of the overall configuration of a regeneration unit of a biological exclusion apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the directional characteristic when it reproduces | regenerates with the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the directional characteristic when reproducing | regenerating with the reproducing | regenerating means as a comparative example. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating another specific example of the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating another specific example of the reproduction | regeneration means of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one. Further, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the same reference numerals denote the same or equivalent parts, and this is common throughout the entire specification. Furthermore, the forms of the constituent elements shown in the entire specification are merely examples, and are not limited to these descriptions.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a basic block conceptual diagram showing a basic configuration of a biological exclusion device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Hereinafter, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The organism exclusion device 1 is configured to give a sound superimposed on ultrasonic waves to an organism to be excluded.
In the following description, “grant” includes “give”, “present”, and “exposure”.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which the biological exclusion apparatus 1 includes “light emitting means 70” and “pressure applying means 90” as means other than sound. However, “light emitting means 70” and “pressure applying” are illustrated. The means 90 ”is not an essential component of the biological exclusion apparatus 1.
Further, FIG. 1 shows an example in which the organism exclusion device 1 includes the “detection sensor 95”, but the “detection sensor 95” is not an essential component of the organism exclusion device 1.

  The organism exclusion apparatus 1 includes at least an audio transmission unit 80, a light emitting unit 70, a pressure applying unit 90, and a detection sensor 95 for detecting an organism to be excluded.

<Audio transmission means 80>
The sound transmission means 80 has a predetermined frequency width from sound radiation means (for example, a resonance type sound generator (reproduction means 40)) capable of oscillating a single ultrasonic frequency (for example, 40 kHz). In addition, an amplitude-modulated or frequency-modulated ultrasonic band signal (for example, 40 kHz ± 2 kHz) is radiated.
At this time, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 superimposes a sound in an ultrasonic band by a modulated wave having a frequency width on a single ultrasonic frequency.

The audio transmission unit 80 includes an ultrasonic signal creation unit 10, an exclusion signal unit 12, a processing circuit unit 25, an addition unit 30, a control unit 55, an amplifier 35, and a reproduction unit 40.
In addition, without adding the ultrasonic signal creation unit 10 to the addition unit 30, the signal from the exclusion signal unit 12 can be transmitted to the control unit 55 as it is, and a configuration that can perform software signal processing is also provided. As a result, it is possible to output only the sound necessary for exclusion without being superimposed on the ultrasonic signal, and the sound necessary for exclusion can be reproduced / radiated without using special reproduction means or with conventional speaker means. It becomes possible to do.

  The ultrasonic signal creation unit 10 functions as a transmission circuit unit that creates a signal in an ultrasonic band of 20 kHz or higher. The signal frequency created by the ultrasonic signal creation unit 10 is used as a carrier signal.

The exclusion signal unit 12 creates a removal / exclusion signal 20 in which the original audio signal 12a, the pseudo (audio) signal 12b, the ultrasonic signal 12c, the transient signal 12d, and the human audio signal 12e are selected at random.
The exclusion signal unit 12 creates a general audio signal in addition to the original audio signal 12a, the pseudo (audio) signal 12b, the ultrasonic signal 12c, the transient signal 12d, the human audio signal 12e, and these avoidance audio signals, You can make outgoing calls.

The original audio signal 12a is an audio signal based on the raw original audio of the organism to be excluded that is input and stored.
As the original audio signal 12a, a sound generated when the organism to be excluded is attacked by natural enemies, for example, when it is feared, that is, when it is feared, or a sound for prompting an avoidance action that occurs when the organism is excluded when it is feared. Is used.

The pseudo (sound) signal 12b is a pseudo sound signal created by using the characteristic acoustic characteristics of the original sound (original sound signal 12a) of the characteristic organism to be excluded.
This pseudo (speech) signal 12b is created by creating chords and harmonics with reference to, for example, the frequency characteristics, utterance interval, silence interval, etc. of the (original speech signal 12a).

  The ultrasonic signal 12c is an audio signal in an ultrasonic band with amplitude modulation or frequency modulation having a predetermined frequency width.

The transient signal 12d is an audio signal of a transient sound generated by inputting an impulse signal, that is, an impulse sound (impact sound) or an impact sound (explosive sound).
As the transient signal 12d, for example, a sudden sound in which a very high sound pressure level is included transiently (for a short time) such as a broken glass sound or a thunder sound is used.

The human voice signal 12e is a voice signal generated by a voice generated by a person who is afraid of the organism to be excluded.
As the human voice signal 12e, a short-time threatening and threatening voice that is generated when a human banishes an organism to be excluded is used. The short-time threatening and threatening voices are voices such as “collar” and “wow”, for example. In addition, although the gender of the person who generates a threatening and threatening voice for a short time is not particularly limited, the following example shows a case where a voice generated by a man is used.

  The processing circuit unit 25 randomly combines the removal / exclusion signal 20 created and stored in the exclusion signal unit 12 and a general audio signal, and outputs them randomly.

  The adding unit 30 functions as a part that couples the exclusion signal unit 12 and the ultrasonic signal generating unit 10, and an ultrasonic wave having a predetermined frequency width by amplitude-modulating or frequency-modulating a signal output from each of them. A band signal (for example, 40 kHz ± 2 kHz) is assumed.

The control unit 55 includes at least a CPU unit 51 and a provision function control unit 52.
The CPU unit 51 has a function of controlling the operations of the reproducing unit 40, the light emitting unit 70, and the pressure applying unit 90 based on the signal created by the adding unit 30.
The application function control unit 52 has a function of providing the CPU unit 51 with information for controlling the operation of the light emitting unit 70 and the pressure application unit 90.
The assignment function control unit 52 stores information on the timing (time and time) of light emission to the light emitting unit 70 and information on the light emission frequency in advance.
In addition, the application function control unit 52 stores in advance information related to the air ejection timing (time and time) and the pressure intensity with respect to the pressure application unit 90.
These pieces of information are preferably rewritable.

  The amplifier 35 amplifies the sound pressure level of the signal amplitude-modulated by the adding unit 30.

The reproduction means 40 reproduces the signal amplified by the amplifier 35 as sound or the like and transmits it to a remote place.
The reproducing means 40 is configured using an element capable of emitting sound in an ultrasonic band of 20 kHz or higher, for example.
For example, the reproducing means 40 is composed of a resonance means using a piezoelectric element, or two diaphragms made of paper or plastic, which are general electro-acoustic conversion elements (speaker elements that reproduce a high frequency band). It can consist of what has the above.

<Light emitting means 70>
The light emitting means 70 is configured to give “light” to the organisms to be excluded as other providing means other than sound.
The light emitting means 70 may be detachably attached to the organism exclusion device 1 as a light emitting unit.
The light emitting means 70 includes a light emitting source.
The luminescence source may be selected according to the organism to be excluded. As the light source, for example, a lamp, an LED that emits ultraviolet light, a blue LED, an LED that emits white or red light, or the like can be used.

<Pressure applying means 90>
The pressure application unit 90 applies a “pressure wave” to the organism to be excluded as an application unit other than sound. That is, the pressure applying unit 90 applies a pressure wave by firing air.
The pressure applying means 90 may be detachably attached to the organism exclusion apparatus 1 as a pressure wave generating unit.
The pressure applying means 90 applies a gas such as air to a to-be-excluded organism existing in the target area in a lump shape (vortex ring (ring shape)).
As the pressure applying unit 90, any configuration can be applied as long as it can apply a “pressure wave” to the organism to be excluded. For example, a general air gun may be applied as the pressure applying unit 90.

<Detection sensor 95>
The detection sensor 95 is for detecting an organism to be excluded that exists in the detection range.
As the detection sensor 95, for example, an animal detection sensor using infrared rays, ultrasonic waves, visible light, or the like, or an imaging device such as a camera can be used.

Information detected by the detection sensor 95 is sent to the control unit 55.
For example, the control unit 55 may emit the extermination / exclusion signal 20 when the detection sensor 95 detects the organism to be excluded. At this time, the control unit 55 may apply at least one of “light” and “pressure wave”.
Further, the emission time and emission timing of the extermination / exclusion signal 20 may be set to be executed periodically or irregularly by a timer that repeats ON / OFF. For example, the control unit 55 may previously determine the application start time, the application end time, or the application time interval, and control the application timing with a timer.
Further, in addition to the automatic control by the detection sensor 95 or the timer, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 may be provided with a control method such as a manual emission switch that can emit sound.

[Exclusion of organisms to be excluded]
<Exclusion by voice>
Here, a case where a crow as an organism to be excluded is excluded using sound will be described.
In the case of animals that use voice communication or animals that perform collective behavior, it is known that voice communication is used to guide friends.
A crow has a developed brain and a vocal organ, and is known to perform high-level voice communication between friends using a plurality of calls.

Voices that generate crows can be broadly classified into voices that occur during anomalies and normal times. The raw raw voice generated at the time of abnormality includes three kinds of warning voice generated at the time of warning, fighting voice and threatened voice generated at the time of fighting with raptors, and voice generated at the time of fear.
In the following description, in order to express the above contents, “abnormal voice” is assumed. Further, times other than “abnormal voice” are referred to as “normal voice”.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a time waveform and a frequency change of a “normal voice” of a crow as an organism to be excluded. In FIG. 2, the vertical axis indicates the sound pressure level (dB), and the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (kHz). In FIG. 2, the maximum value of the sound pressure level is shown in the vicinity of 0 dB. Furthermore, in FIG. 2, the frequency change is shown as an average for 3 seconds.

As shown in FIG. 2, the voice time of the crow changes generally within 0.2 seconds to within ± 0.2 seconds within 0.2 seconds, and as an example, the occurrence time is 0.3 on average. A description will be given of a change in seconds to 0.5 seconds ± 0.2 seconds.
The frequency characteristics of “normal voice” in which crows are generated have a large band change in the range of 800 Hz to 4 kHz ± 1 kHz, and the occurrence time is 0.3 to 0.5 seconds ± 0.2 seconds on average. I understood.
At the time of occurrence of “normal voice”, the level of the sound pressure level in the frequency band of the normal voice changes substantially simultaneously, and no weighting of the time change with respect to the frequency band is seen ((1a shown in FIG. 2). ), (1b), (1c)).

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a time waveform and a frequency change of “abnormal voice” of a crow as an organism to be excluded. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis indicates the sound pressure level (dB), and the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (kHz). In FIG. 3, the maximum value of the sound pressure level is shown in the vicinity of 0 dB. Further, in FIG. 3, the frequency change is shown as an average for 3 seconds.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the voice time emitted when the crow is abnormal is generally changed within 0.2 seconds to within ± 0.2 seconds within 0.2 seconds, as in the normal case. A description will be given of the case where the average time is changed from 0.3 seconds to 0.5 seconds ± 0.2 seconds.

  The frequency characteristics of the “abnormal voice” in which crows are generated have a large band change in the range of 400 Hz ± 100 Hz to 4 kHz ± 1 kHz, and the generation time is on average 0.3 seconds to 0.5 seconds ± 0.2 seconds. I found out. At the time of occurrence of “abnormal voice”, it can be understood that time fluctuation appears in the frequency and the timing is as follows (see (2a), (2b), and (2c) shown in FIG. 3).

The band (2a) is a low frequency band of 400 Hz to 800 Hz.
The band (2b) is a medium frequency band of 800 Hz to 2 kHz.
The band (2c) is a high frequency band of 2 kHz to 4 kHz ± 1 kHz.
From these, it was found that the sound pressure level fluctuates in the order of the band (2a) to the band (2c), and has a characteristic tendency that the maximum sound pressure level in FIG. 3 changes in order from 0 dB to around −30 dB. In other words, it can be seen that in the “abnormal voice”, the time change is weighted.

  Therefore, the biological exclusion device 1 uses a clear change between “abnormal voice” and “normal voice” to create a pseudo voice using the feature amount of the voice change at the time of abnormality. . In other words, the pseudo sound is created by reproducing the feature amount based on the “sound at the time of abnormality”. An example of the frequency characteristics of the created pseudo voice is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a temporal waveform and a frequency change of a “pseudo-voice” created based on “abnormal voice” of a crow as an organism to be excluded. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis indicates the sound pressure level (dB), and the horizontal axis indicates the frequency (kHz). In FIG. 4, the maximum value of the sound pressure level is shown in the vicinity of 0 dB.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the frequency characteristics of “pseudo-speech” have a large band change at 500 Hz to 4 kHz ± 1 kHz, and pseudo-speech is also changed within 0.2 seconds to 1.0 seconds. In the description, an example in which the generation time is 0.3 seconds to 0.5 seconds ± 0.2 seconds on average will be described. Specifically, “pseudo speech” is created by performing characteristic fluctuations particularly in the following frequency bands (see (3a), (3b), and (3c) shown in FIG. 4). In addition, the maximum sound pressure level of “pseudo-voice” is within 30 dB at the maximum, and the sound generation time of each frequency band of “pseudo-voice” is equally distributed.

The band (3a) is a low frequency band of 400 Hz to 800 Hz, and changes around 500 Hz + 200 Hz (−100 Hz).
The band (3b) is a medium frequency band of 800 Hz to 2 kHz, and changes around 1.2 kHz + 500 Hz (−100 Hz).
The band (3c) is a high frequency band of 2 kHz to 4 kHz ± 1 kHz, and changes around 4 kHz + 1000 Hz (−500 Hz).
In this order, the maximum sound pressure level is changed within a maximum of 30 dB, and the sound generation time is equally distributed to create “pseudo-voice”.

  In other words, the biological exclusion device 1 creates “pseudo-voice” with the frequency band characteristic equivalent to “abnormal voice” and the temporal bandwidth change equivalent to “abnormal voice”. By creating the “pseudo-voice” in this way, it can be expected that the “pseudo-voice” acts on the crow like the “sound at the time of abnormality”.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a time waveform and a frequency change of a voice generated by a human. In FIG. 5, the vertical axis represents the sound pressure level (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (kHz). In FIG. 5, the maximum value of the sound pressure level is shown in the vicinity of 0 dB. Furthermore, FIG. 5 shows the sound characteristics when a human male who is one of the creatures most feared by crows yells “Koller”.

  As shown in FIG. 5, “human voice” has a relatively wide frequency band of 500 Hz to 8 kHz ± 1 kHz. It is also known that crows feel fear when they are exposed to the “human voice” that lasts more than 2 seconds for the ending part of the playback time. Therefore, FIG. 5 shows an example in which the occurrence time is 0.3 seconds or more on average. Specifically, “human voice” varies particularly in the following frequency bands (see (4a), (4b), and (4c) shown in FIG. 5). Further, the maximum sound pressure level of “human voice” is set to be within 50 dB at maximum.

  As described above, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 can output the extermination / exclusion signal 20 composed of five audio signals by the processing circuit unit 25. Specifically, in the organism exclusion device 1, it is possible to randomly combine and output five audio signals.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of the time axis characteristic of the reproduced sound for eliminating the crow. Based on FIG. 6, an example of crow removal by the organism exclusion device 1 will be described. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents frequency and the horizontal axis represents time. Moreover, the graph shown in FIG. 6 is an example, and the generation time of each voice can be longer or shorter than the example shown in FIG.

“A” shown in FIG. 6 indicates frequency characteristics when the original audio signal 12a is emitted.
“B” shown in FIG. 6 shows the frequency characteristics when the transient signal 12d is emitted. “C” shown in FIG. 6 shows the frequency characteristics when the pseudo signal 12b is emitted.
“D” shown in FIG. 6 indicates a frequency characteristic when the transient signal 12d is emitted.
“E” shown in FIG. 6 indicates a frequency characteristic when the human voice signal 12e is emitted.
“F” shown in FIG. 6 indicates frequency characteristics when the original audio signal 12a is emitted.

The original audio signal 12a shown in “A” and “F” is a raw audio signal (raw sound) of the organism to be excluded that is input and stored, and contributes to the elimination of crows because it is an “abnormal audio”. To do.
The transient signal 12d shown in “B” and “D” is “sound = acoustic characteristics” that performs an impulse-like time change, and is an audio signal with an occurrence time of 0.05 seconds or less, Contributes to eliminating crows.

The pseudo signal 12b shown in “C” is a voice (processed sound) created with the frequency band characteristic equivalent to “sound during abnormal time” and the time band change equivalent to “sound during abnormal time”. It contributes to the elimination of crows as well as “Hour Voice”.
The human voice signal 12e indicated by “E” is a voice generated by a male and is 0.5 seconds including the end of the word, and contributes to the elimination of crow like the “sound at abnormal time”.

Simply playing a crow's voice pattern would make it audible to humans.
Moreover, the sound pressure level of the crow's voice (scream) in nature is, for example, 70 dB to 80 dB even when the distance between the crow and the measuring instrument is 10 m, and has a very high sound pressure level. Yes.

  The output level (voice level) of the voice pattern of the exclusion signal unit 12 also needs to be radiated at a sound pressure level equal to or higher than that of the voice that actually generates crows in order to perform reliable avoidance action.

Therefore, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 superimposes a sound in an ultrasonic band by a modulated wave having a predetermined frequency width on a single ultrasonic frequency.
The sound pressure level that can be radiated by the reproducing means 40 is at least 124 dB at the time of measurement in proximity.

A single ultrasonic signal radiated from the reproducing means 40 that can radiate as a strong sound pressure level and a modulated ultrasonic signal are influenced by fluctuations caused by friction with air when propagating in space, and are nonlinear signals. Propagate in space as a waveform.
Therefore, unlike an acoustic signal that linearly propagates in space, a linear sound pressure level attenuation characteristic cannot be obtained, the sound pressure level is hardly attenuated, and is not affected by air pressure. The ultrasonic signal can be propagated linearly on the top.

The waveform of the ultrasonic signal that travels nonlinearly in the space can stop the propagation in the air when it collides with something. For this reason, a sum difference of the modulated ultrasonic waveforms is generated at the location of the collision, and sound in a frequency band having a width of (40 kHz ± 3 kHz) −40 kHz = 3 kHz is generated (demodulated) at the collision point.
As a result, no sound can be heard while propagating in space.

  The reason why the modulation band is set to 3 kHz is that the crow's voice band extends to 3 kHz, and the crow's voice needs to be reliably reproduced, so that the 3 kHz modulation band is aimed.

Further, the extermination / exclusion signal 20 is radiated as a single propagation within 3 seconds, for example.
The stop time of the extermination / exclusion signal 20 is 3 seconds to 5 seconds.
Continuously emitting the extermination / exclusion signal 20 is not performed as a measure for accustoming to sound.
In addition, it is preferable that voice processing necessary for exclusion can be changed so that voice can be exchanged regularly or irregularly.
It should be noted that the voice may be exchanged using, for example, various memory cards, exchanged using wired communication or wireless communication, or exchanged by direct input.

  When the ultrasonic signal 12c is emitted, the nonlinear propagation phenomenon is fortunate, and the sound pressure level of the carrier wave and the transmitted ultrasonic wave is 120 dB or more. Then, in the living body, the ultrasound is heard as a sense of pressure as a bone conduction factor (sensation), and a sense that cannot be obtained in nature by crows is directly exposed to the body, and sound in a frequency band of 20 kHz or less. As a result, a phenomenon close to the panic phenomenon is caused.

<Exclusion by light emission>
A means for more effectively executing the exclusion target organism will be described. As described above, in the organism exclusion apparatus 1, the elimination / exclusion signal 20 selected at random can effectively eliminate the organism to be excluded. However, the organism elimination device 1 can be more effectively excluded. Means for executing will be described. Here, a case where a crow as an organism to be excluded is excluded using non-stationary (random) light emission will be described.

Unlike humans, crows are known to be able to recognize wavelengths in the ultraviolet band.
Therefore, the biological exclusion device 1 makes it possible to impart luminescence to the crow irregularly or discontinuously regardless of day or night, using the visual characteristics of the crow.

Since crows can see ultraviolet rays, LEDs that emit ultraviolet rays and blue LEDs are effective as the light source used for the light emitting means 70. If these are used, since a wavelength different from that of sunlight can be emitted, it can be effectively applied to the crow even in the daytime. For example, the light imparted to the crow may be light including a wavelength of 300 nm to 500 nm that is considered to be highly sensitive to the crow.
For birds and animals other than crows, white or red LEDs may be used as the light source of the light emitting means 70. Moreover, it becomes possible to cope with a large number of harmful birds and beasts by using an LED whose emission frequency can be varied.
By using light, it effectively acts on an organism to be excluded that is inferior to voice communication, such as pigeons and squirrels.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a timing pattern of light emission provided by the organism exclusion device 1. Based on FIG. 7, an example of a timing pattern for providing light emission will be described.

In the biological exclusion device 1, the light emitting means 70 emits light irregularly. That is, the organism exclusion device 1 is based on changing the light emission time and the stop time randomly in consideration of “threat” to the organisms to be excluded such as crows and other harmful birds and beasts.
Light emission includes single light emission and continuous light emission, light emission time includes predetermined light emission times B1, D1, and F1, and application time includes predetermined time intervals A1, C1, and E1.

First, the organism exclusion apparatus 1 does not emit any light from the light emitting means 70 during the predetermined time interval A1.
Then, when the predetermined time interval A1 has passed, the organism exclusion device 1 causes the light emission means 70 to emit light once in a predetermined light emission time B1.
Thereafter, the organism exclusion device 1 does not emit any light from the light emitting means 70 during the predetermined time interval C1.
When the predetermined time interval C1 has passed, the organism exclusion device 1 causes the light emitting means 70 to continuously emit light at a predetermined light interval D1 and a predetermined light emission time F1 with a predetermined time interval E1.

In this way, by emitting light randomly, light can be emitted in an almost infinite state, and compared to steady light emission, it is possible to prevent “habituation” and the like, and it is possible to eliminate the target organisms with certainty. It becomes.
Note that the predetermined light emission times B1, D1, and F1 and the predetermined time intervals A1, C1, and E1 shown in FIG. 7 are arbitrary and may be appropriately determined. These may be repeated, but it is preferable to avoid simple repetition because it leads to generation of “habituation” and the like.

  In FIG. 7, “light emission” provided by the organism exclusion apparatus 1 has been described, but “pressure” can also be applied in the same manner as “light emission”. In other words, the organism exclusion device 1 is based on the fact that the pressure application time and the stop time are randomly changed in consideration of “threat” to the organisms to be excluded such as crows and other harmful birds and beasts. Therefore, in the organism exclusion apparatus 1, it is possible to apply pressure non-steadily from the pressure applying means 90. By applying pressure randomly, pressure can be applied in an almost infinite state, and compared to applying pressure constantly, it is possible to prevent “habituation” etc. It becomes possible.

<Sound and light emission timing pattern>
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of sound and light emission timing given by the organism exclusion device 1. Based on FIG. 8, an example of the audio | voice given from the biological exclusion apparatus 1 and the timing of light emission is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the organism exclusion apparatus 1, after the sound is imparted by the reproducing means 40, the light emitting means 70 may continuously emit light to impart light.

  In providing sound by the reproduction means 40, an ultrasonic signal having a single frequency with a strong sound pressure level and an ultrasonic signal with a modulation of about ± 3 kHz are added, and the added signal is, for example, in the audible range. Audio with linear directivity is conveyed by superimposing audio for the purpose of excluding target organisms such as crows.

A pulsed signal sound is generated irregularly in the sound of the continuous signal and is exposed to animals such as crows. For this reason, it is provided as an unpleasant impulse sound for animals that perform advanced communication.
In addition, amplitude modulation can be done with a simple circuit configuration, so that the circuit can be molded at low cost, and when installed outdoors, etc., it has a powerful countermeasure structure, circuit configuration, and circuit for external noise required for digital circuits. There is no need for complicated circuit settings. Therefore, the biological exclusion device 1 employs a configuration that does not require digital processing, and has a feature that the cost merit for the circuit is great.

  As described above, the reproducing means 40 needs to emit a high sound pressure level. This is because, when a crow is eliminated in a residential area or the like, the crow's voice is given to the residents in the residential area by a general speaker playback method. In that case, it is just “noise” for the person who heard the crow's voice.

Therefore, in order not to give an unpleasant feeling to human beings, the biological exclusion device 1 is configured to give sound only to crows by ultrasonic conveyance.
However, a known general parametric speaker provides an “acoustic signal” only to a target location, and the parametric system has a characteristic that directivity is very narrow. Further, since the element structure for the parametric speaker is not dedicated, there is a disadvantage that the amplitude of a diaphragm or the like for emitting sound at a high sound pressure level cannot be created. For this reason, conventionally, the sound is provided only at a target location at a sound pressure level that can be heard by humans.

However, when targeting a crow that is an example of an organism to be excluded, the number of individuals gathering in the crow's “roost” or “food ground” is very large. Therefore, it is necessary to radiate sound in a wide range (wide range) and at a large sound pressure level.
In this case, it is advantageous to radiate sound with a general speaker for middle and low ranges where the directivity is expanded to some extent, but if a sound pressure level that is equal to or higher than the sound pressure level of crow pronunciation is radiated in a wide range, Naturally, since it is also given to humans, as described above, it will give humans unpleasantness as “noise”.

From the above, to the target location, that is, to the crows that are in a distant place, the sound necessary for exclusion is transmitted with high sound pressure using ultrasound as a carrier, and as wide as possible (width) It is important to be able to provide sound with directivity.
Therefore, in the organism exclusion device 1, a plurality of units (reproducing means 40) capable of carrying sound can be arranged close to each other, so that a sound carrying device having a wide directivity having a linear directivity can be configured.
In this way, the target voice can be sent to a distant place over a wide range, so the sound (voice) ) Is not given, and noise problems do not occur.
Further, if a plurality of reproducing means 40 are provided, it is possible to ensure a high sound pressure level.

  In other words, the biological exclusion device 1 uses an ultrasonic signal with a strong sound pressure level as a carrier signal, and superimposes a voice (live voice or artificial voice) signal necessary for eliminating birds and beasts on the ultrasonic signal. . And the radiation range of sound radiation is narrowed (narrow directivity) by amplitude-modulating or frequency-modulating the superimposed audio signal. In this way, sound can be emitted while maintaining a strong sound pressure level in an arbitrary direction. As a result, the living organism exclusion apparatus 1 can carry an audio signal necessary for extermination of an organism to be excluded over a long distance while suppressing deterioration in sound pressure level due to propagation of the ultrasonic signal over distance.

When the transport signal reaches the organism to be excluded at the transport destination, the modulation signal is demodulated, and an audio signal such as extermination can be directly applied to the organism to be excluded.
Therefore, since an acoustic signal (sound) necessary for exclusion is not given other than the organism to be excluded, general facilities around the building where the organism to be excluded will not be affected by noise or the like. .
In addition, since the necessary frequencies such as sound are carried by ultrasonic waves, it is not necessary to use, for example, a high-performance speaker device for reproducing frequencies other than ultrasonic waves, and the device configuration is performed at low cost. Can do.

  Furthermore, instead of providing sound emission directly to the organism to be excluded, it is given to the organism to be excluded by “demodulating” the sound superimposed on the ultrasonic wave. Therefore, the frequency band such as the audio signal of the organism to be excluded can also cope with several Hz to several hundred kHz or more.

In addition, the organism exclusion device 1 can realize the exclusion of the organism to be excluded more effectively by providing light emission to the organism to be excluded in addition to the sound. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable to emit light continuously after giving by voice.
Therefore, if the light emission means 70 is used in the organism exclusion apparatus 1, it is possible to achieve an exclusion effect by light emission in addition to an exclusion effect by sound.

Specifically, by driving with a combination of sound and light emission, a plurality of exclusion means that can give various influences can be given to the organism to be excluded. For this reason, it is possible to prevent “acquisition” or the like by a single granting means, and it is possible to reliably exclude the organisms to be excluded.
Moreover, according to the organism exclusion apparatus 1, in order to utilize the audio | voice propagation by ultrasonic conveyance, it can provide directly only with respect to an elimination object organism. Therefore, an acoustic signal (sound) necessary for exclusion is not given other than the organisms to be excluded, and noise or the like is not exerted on general facilities around the building where the organisms to be excluded fly.

<Voice and pressure application timing pattern>
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the timing of sound and pressure applied by the organism exclusion device 1. Based on FIG. 9, sound and pressure applied from the organism exclusion device 1 toward the crow will be described.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the organism exclusion device 1, it is preferable that the sound application by the reproduction unit 40 and the pressure application by the pressure application unit 90 are alternately and repeatedly applied.
Therefore, according to the biological exclusion apparatus 1, in addition to the exclusion effect by sound, the exclusion effect by pressure is exhibited.

  Specifically, according to the organism exclusion apparatus 1, a plurality of exclusion means that can have various influences can be given to the organism to be excluded by being driven by a combination of sound and pressure. For this reason, it is possible to prevent “acquisition” or the like by a single granting means, and it is possible to reliably exclude the organisms to be excluded.

<Timing pattern of voice, light emission and pressure>
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of the timing of sound, light emission, and pressure provided by the organism exclusion device 1. Based on FIG. 10, sound, light emission, and pressure applied from the organism exclusion device 1 toward the crow will be described.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the biological exclusion device 1, after applying sound by the reproducing means 40 and applying pressure by the pressure applying means 90 alternately and repeatedly, the light emitting means 70 emits light continuously. It is good to give it.
Therefore, according to the biological exclusion apparatus 1, in addition to the exclusion effect by sound, the exclusion effect by light emission and pressure is exhibited.

  Specifically, according to the organism exclusion device 1, a plurality of exclusion means that can have various influences can be given to the organism to be excluded by being driven by a combination of sound, light emission, and pressure. . For this reason, it is possible to prevent “acquisition” or the like by a single granting means, and it is possible to reliably exclude the organisms to be excluded.

  As described above, by driving the reproduction means 40 as a sound generation unit, the light emission means 70 as a light generation unit, and the pressure applying means 90 as a pressure wave generation unit, each of them can be driven alone or in combination, so On the other hand, it becomes possible to give the exclusion target organisms exclusion means that can exert various effects. Therefore, the organism exclusion device 1 can prevent “habituation” and the like by the single exposure means, and the certainty of exclusion of the organism to be excluded becomes high.

<Specific Configuration Example of Reproducing Unit 40>
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of an example of a single unit structure of the ultrasonic oscillator 41 constituting the regeneration unit 40 of the organism exclusion apparatus 1. FIG. 12 shows an outline of an example of the overall configuration of the regeneration unit 40 of the organism exclusion device 1.
FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show an example of the configuration of the reproducing means 40 constituted by the ultrasonic oscillator 41 made of a piezoelectric element that resonates at a single frequency of 40 kHz, for example, and a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 emit one radiation. A container 50 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the unit structure of the ultrasonic oscillator 41, the basic components of the ultrasonic oscillator 41 are the horn part 60, the PZT part 61 of the piezoelectric element, the pedestal 62 for fixing the PZT, and the PZT 61. This is an electrode 63 for supplying a voltage. In the biological exclusion apparatus 1, in order to emit sound at a high sound pressure level and to have a wide directivity, the ultrasonic oscillator 41 uses a resonance frequency of about 15 kHz and emits sound. The structure which enlarged the 41 horn part 60 is employ | adopted.

  Further, the applied voltage withstand voltage for causing the piezoelectric action can be increased by increasing the thickness of the PZT portion 61. Further, the horn unit 60 is fixed to the entire dense (antinode) portion of the vibration mode at the time of resonance (for example, at 15 kHz), which is the primary vibration component of the PZT unit 61, and the sound from the entire horn unit 60 that has propagated the primary vibration. It is supposed to emit. With this structure, the input voltage to the ultrasonic oscillator 41 can be increased, and the displacement amount of the natural vibration of the ultrasonic oscillator 41 can be greatly oscillated.

As shown in FIG. 12, the reproducing means 40 has a configuration in which two or more radiator bands 50 each having a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 as one block (lumb) are combined. In FIG. 12, 14 ultrasonic oscillators 41 constitute one radiator band 50, and six radiator bands 50 are arranged at predetermined intervals as radiator bands 50A to 50F. Is shown.
That is, the reproducing means 40 has a structure in which two or more blocks of the radiator band 50 are arranged at intervals of up to twice the diameter of the diaphragm (for example, the PZT portion 61) per ultrasonic oscillator 41.
By doing so, the directivity of the ultrasonic wave can be expanded and the sound pressure level necessary for exclusion can be secured.

An arrangement example of radiator band 50A to radiator band 50F will be specifically described.
A so-called lateral distance between adjacent radiator bands 50 is defined as a radiator distance x. Looking at the radiator band 50A and the radiator band 50B arranged in the horizontal direction, a straight line connecting the centers of the adjacent ultrasonic oscillators 41 becomes the radiator interval x.
A so-called vertical interval between adjacent radiator bands 50 is defined as a radiator interval y. Looking at the radiator band 50A and the radiator band 50D arranged in the vertical direction, a straight line connecting the centers of the adjacent ultrasonic oscillators 41 is the radiator interval y.
Note that the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are only used for convenience, and the direction changes depending on the installation state of the reproducing means 40.

As a result, the regeneration means 40 is configured such that the horizontal width of the entire radiator band is the entire radiator width X, and the vertical width of the entire radiator band is the entire radiator width Y.
At this time, the directivity of each radiator band 50 maintains the directivity in a width corresponding to the vertical width and horizontal width of each radiator band 50.
Therefore, sound radiation is performed linearly from each radiator band 50.

As described above, the radiator interval x and the radiator interval y are determined in a range up to twice the diameter of the diaphragm (eg, the PZT portion 61) of the ultrasonic oscillator 41.
That is, when the diameter of the diaphragm is 10 mm, the radiator interval x and the radiator interval y are within 20 mm.
It can be confirmed by experimental verification (acoustic characteristic analysis) using an actual machine that the directivity shown in FIG. 13 can be secured by maintaining this interval.

If there is only one ultrasonic oscillator 41, the sound pressure level is about 70 dB at maximum (with an input voltage of 15 V) in the vicinity.
Therefore, by increasing the number of ultrasonic oscillators 41 and configuring the radiator band 50 as an aggregate, the sound pressure level that can be radiated from each radiator band 50 is 90 dB or more in the vicinity (with an input voltage of 15 V). Become.
That is, according to the biological exclusion device 1, a sound pressure level of 90 dB or more can be radiated from the reproducing means 40.

In FIG. 12, 14 ultrasonic oscillators 41 constituting one radiator band 50 are used, and they are arranged so as to have a substantially rectangular shape in plan view to constitute one radiator band 50. Yes.
The number of ultrasonic oscillators 41 is not limited to 14 and may be 14 or more. That is, the number of the ultrasonic oscillators 41 can be adjusted for the purpose of securing a necessary sound pressure level to be applied to the organisms to be excluded that are to be excluded.

By the way, an ultrasonic speaker that performs modulation processing to propagate sound far away has a narrow directivity sensitivity as a feature.
That is, the sound radiated from the ultrasonic speaker travels linearly and reaches only a limited range. Therefore, although the exclusion target organism can be effectively eliminated when it reaches the exclusion target organism, it can be effectively excluded at the place where the sound reaches the exclusion target organism such as birds that stop on the electric wire etc. However, it cannot be effectively excluded where the voice does not reach.

Therefore, in the biological exclusion apparatus 1, in order to widen the linear narrow directivity that is the original characteristic of the ultrasonic speaker, the reproduction means 40 is configured using a plurality of radiator bands 50, and the linear and wide directivity is provided. It is possible to give sex.
In order to obtain a wide directivity, the biological exclusion device 1 measures each of the radiator bands 50 while measuring that the width of the directivity from each radiator band 50 is wide at the radiation destination. The positional relationship is determined.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the directional characteristics when the reproduction is performed by the reproduction means 40 of the organism exclusion device 1. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining directivity characteristics when the reproduction is performed by the reproduction unit 400 as a comparative example. Based on FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the directivity characteristics when the reproduction unit 40 and the reproduction unit 400 perform reproduction will be described. In FIGS. 13 and 14, a plurality of microphones for measuring sound pressure are installed in order to measure the sound pressure level coming from the differential means at a position away from the front (for example, a position away from 10 m). The measured results are plotted. Further, in FIG. 14, a reproducing unit 400 in which a plurality of radiator bands 500 are arranged randomly without considering any adjacent interval is illustrated as a comparative example.

Here, a case where a crow which is an example of an organism to be excluded is targeted will be described as an example.
For example, when a crow is screaming on a utility pole, measuring the sound pressure level of the cry at a position 10 m away may instantaneously reach 80 dB maximum.
Therefore, if the distance between the crow that is the organism to be eliminated and the organism exclusion device 1 is 10 m, the crow must be given a sound pressure level equal to or higher than that of the crow's cry.
Therefore, for example, for the purpose of radiating sound having a sound pressure level of 80 dB or more, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 includes the regenerating means 40 with six radiator bands 50 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The sound pressure level is secured.

  For example, when birds such as crows are excluded, for example, when birds are stopped on a steel tower or electric wire, birds usually stay in a large area. Birds that do not reach cannot be excluded.

The dotted lines shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 indicate the directivity characteristics of the sound radiated from each of the radiator band 50 and the radiator band 500, and are radiated from each of the radiator band 50 and the radiator band 500. It can be seen that the voice to be played has a narrow directivity.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, in one radiator band 500, the exposure range of sound is narrow, and the exclusion effect is not obtained so much.
On the other hand, the regeneration means 40 of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 radiates directional characteristics along the entire radiator width X as shown in FIG. It was measured that it could be formed in the front direction of the device band 50.

Therefore, according to the organism exclusion device 1, voice exposure can be performed over a wide range with respect to birds to be excluded such as “roost” gathered in a group, and a high exclusion effect is easily obtained.
Although FIG. 13 shows the overall width X of the radiator in the horizontal direction, the contents shown in FIG. 13 are the same for the overall width Y of the radiator in the vertical direction.

Note that the sound pressure level that can be radiated from each radiator band 50 affects the output of the amplifier 35 shown in FIG. 1, but according to the biological exclusion device 1, the sound pressure exceeding 100 dB when measured in proximity. It can be emitted at the level.
When a plurality of radiator bands 50 are used, the total sound pressure level can be increased each time the number of radiator bands 50 held increases, and if the organism to be excluded is away, the radiator The target sound pressure level can be adjusted by changing the number of bands 50 and combining them.

  FIGS. 15 and 16 are schematic configuration diagrams for explaining another specific example of the regenerating unit 40 of the organism exclusion apparatus 1. 15 and 16 show a configuration example of the reproducing means 40 constituted by an ultrasonic oscillator 41 made of a piezoelectric element that resonates at a single frequency of 40 kHz, for example, as described in FIG. One radiator band 50 is constituted by the ultrasonic oscillator 41 of FIG.

In FIG. 12, the case where the radiator band 50 is arranged in a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view is illustrated as an example, but the arrangement of the radiator band 50 is not limited to the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 12. That is, if the required sound pressure level and directivity can be ensured, the radiator band 50 may be arranged in a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 15 and may be radiated in a polygonal shape as shown in FIG. A device band 50 may be arranged. Alternatively, the radiator band 50 may be arranged in a diamond shape in a plane, or the radiator band 50 may be arranged in a circle in a plane.
In any case, the radiator interval x and the radiator interval y are determined in a range up to twice the diameter of the diaphragm (for example, the PZT portion 61) of the ultrasonic oscillator 41.

  However, it is desirable to arrange the ultrasonic oscillators 41 as closely as possible. This is because the directivity of each ultrasonic oscillator 41 also radiates sound with a width corresponding to the diameter of the ultrasonic oscillator 41, and a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 are arranged at wide intervals. Even if they are arranged, no sound is emitted from the gap between the ultrasonic oscillators 41. That is, if a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 are arranged at wide intervals, a sound unevenness is created in the front direction of the ultrasonic oscillator 41, and the sound pressure in the front direction of the radiator band 50 is generated. This is because the level becomes low. Therefore, it is possible to secure a stable sound pressure level and directivity by forming the radiator band 50 by closely gathering the ultrasonic oscillators 41.

  As described above, according to the organism exclusion device 1, sound radiation with a large sound pressure level and wide directivity characteristics is aimed at one or a plurality of organisms to be excluded at a distance from the reproduction means 40. It can now be granted directly at once.

As a result, the modulated sound is directly propagated from the reproduction means 40 to the ear of the organism to be excluded, the body of the organism to be excluded, and the nest portion where the organism to be excluded is present, and demodulated at the moment when it hits one of them. Will be. Then, the sound superimposed on the ultrasound (sound radiator with the sound necessary for exclusion) will be given to the organism to be excluded, eliminating the illusion that the audio subject is as close as possible to the organism to be excluded. It can be caused to the target organism.
In other words, it is possible to create an illusion that there are natural enemies in the immediate vicinity of the organism to be excluded or that there is an individual that emits a repelling sound nearby, which causes the organism to be excluded to panic. Can do.

  In addition, even if you are a member of an exclusion target organism or an exclusion target organism of a different species, even if you hear a general scream that is not suddenly avoided in a very close place that you do not normally hear, It becomes possible to fall into a panic condition because it becomes the voice exposure.

  In addition, we explained the crow that is a bird as an example of the organism to be excluded. However, it goes without saying that, by radiating the sound and acoustic characteristics that the organisms to be excluded dislike, an exclusion effect can be brought about in the same manner as a crow.

Since the ultrasonic oscillator 41 is composed of a piezoelectric element such as ceramic, it has a high impedance, and the amplifier 35 is generally in a range of 4Ω to 8Ω, and a plurality of amplifiers 35 are used. The ultrasonic oscillator 41 cannot be connected as it is.
When a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 are connected to the final amplifier 35, connection corresponding to the input impedance of the amplifier 35 is necessary to obtain a sufficient output = sound pressure level.
Therefore, it is assumed that the impedance can be reduced by combining a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators 41 in series and parallel combined connection.

  As described above, since the “pseudo-voice” created using the “abnormal sound” of the organism to be excluded is randomly added to the organism to be excluded by superimposing the ultrasonic wave on the organism to be excluded, Pest control measures can be taken by means of direct appeal to the instinct. Therefore, according to the biological exclusion device 1, unlike a conventional product using an artificial acoustic signal created without knowing the behavior pattern of the organism to be excluded, the biological transmission device 1 can be used for a long time until the product itself that transmits sound reaches the end of its life. It is possible to eliminate harmful pests (harmful animals).

  In addition, although the case where the biological exclusion apparatus 1 was used for the removal of a crow was demonstrated to the example, it is not limited to it. According to the biological exclusion apparatus 1, the necessary sound can be reliably applied to the necessary place by superimposing and reproducing the sound of the organism to be excluded on the ultrasonic wave. Therefore, the organism exclusion device 1 can be applied to starlings and pigeons that have many problems as harmful birds, and can also be applied to bears, wild boars, deer, raccoons (alien species), raccoon (alien species), and the like. Further, according to the biological exclusion device 1, even if a randomly changing ultrasonic wave is superimposed on a carrier ultrasonic wave instead of a voice, the randomly changing ultrasonic wave propagates with a wide directivity characteristic at a distant place. To do. Therefore, since ultrasonic waves with a strong sound pressure level can be exposed, the same effect can be expected for mammals such as cats and dogs that can hear ultrasonic waves.

  Further, when the exclusion sound superimposed on the ultrasonic wave from the reproduction unit 40 propagates to the exclusion target organism such as the crow away from the reproduction unit 40 and collides with the exclusion target organism, the exclusion sound included in the ultrasonic wave And an ultrasonic signal having a higher sound pressure level are demodulated simultaneously. Therefore, a sound with a high sound pressure level is not always heard throughout the environment where the organism exclusion device 1 is installed. According to the biological exclusion device 1, there is no concern that the sound is exposed to the house in the vicinity of the reproduction means 40. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the organism to be excluded by quiet sound radiation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
17-20 is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. Based on FIGS. 17-20, Embodiment 2 which is a specific installation example of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1 is demonstrated. In addition, in FIGS. 17-20, the radiation | emission area of the extermination / exclusion signal 20 radiated | emitted from the biological exclusion apparatus 1 is shown with the broken line.

In FIG. 17, the example 1 of the installation of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 to the utility pole 150 is shown.
In places where there are steel towers and utility poles that carry power and the like, the organism Z to be excluded may stop on the steel towers and utility poles themselves, or the power lines themselves that run over them. For steel towers and utility poles, when the organism Z to be excluded reaches the breeding season, nests are formed, and power outage problems due to short-circuits often occur.

In order to cope with such a problem, the biological exclusion device 1 may be installed in the vicinity of the upper end of the utility pole 150 as shown in FIG. By doing so, it becomes possible to efficiently exclude the organism Z to be excluded from the utility pole 150. The installation of the biological exclusion device 1 is not limited to the vicinity of the upper end of the utility pole 150, and the biological exclusion device 1 may be installed at the installation root portion of the utility pole 150 or the middle portion of the utility pole 150.
When the organism exclusion device 1 is installed, as shown in FIG. 17, the organism exclusion device 1 is installed so that “voice” or the like can be given to a place where the organism Z to be excluded is supposed to stop.
It should be noted that light and pressure also work effectively on excluded organisms that are inferior to voice communication, such as pigeons and squirrels.

In FIG. 18, the example 2 of the installation of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 to the utility pole 150 is shown.
As shown in FIG. 18, the organism Z to be excluded may stop on the power line 151 that is wired to the utility pole 150.

In order to cope with such a problem, as shown in FIG. 18, it is preferable to install the biological exclusion device 1 at both ends of the power line 151 that connects the power poles 150 and at the installation base part of the power pole 150. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the stop of the organism Z to be excluded from the power line 151. In addition, the biological exclusion apparatus 1 can also be installed in both, and can also be installed in either one.
When the organism exclusion device 1 is installed, as shown in FIG. 18, the organism exclusion device 1 is installed so that “voice” or the like can be given to a place where the organism Z to be excluded is supposed to stop.
It should be noted that light and pressure also work effectively on excluded organisms that are inferior to voice communication, such as pigeons and squirrels.

In FIG. 19, the example of installation of the biological exclusion apparatus 1 in the building 160 is shown. In particular, FIG. 19 illustrates an example in which the organism exclusion device 1 is installed in a barn.
It is assumed that the organisms Z to be excluded gather at places away from humans, such as inside a building 160 such as a barn, outdoor house, warehouse, station, temple, or shrine. Alternatively, it is assumed that the organisms to be excluded Z gather in the gap near the roof of the building 160.
In addition, nets for the purpose of excluding the organisms Z to be excluded may be used to protect railway users from droppings that fall from the top, etc. on platforms inside stations, etc. From the point of view, the net does not reach all.

In order to cope with such a problem, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable to install a plurality of biological exclusion devices 1 on or around a building 160 so that the emission / exclusion signal 20 emission areas overlap. By doing so, it becomes possible to efficiently exclude the organism Z to be excluded from the building 160. In FIG. 19, the case where two biological exclusion devices 1 are installed is illustrated as an example, but only one biological exclusion device 1 may be installed, or three or more biological exclusion devices 1 may be installed.
When the organism exclusion device 1 is installed, as shown in FIG. 19, the organism exclusion device 1 is installed so that “voice” or the like can be given to a place where the organism Z to be excluded is supposed to stop.
It should be noted that light and pressure also work effectively on excluded organisms that are inferior to voice communication, such as pigeons and squirrels.

FIG. 20 shows an installation example of the biological exclusion device 1 on the aircraft 180 and the runway 181.
In the aircraft 180, there is a problem of bird strike in which the organism 180 to be excluded such as a bird collides with the aircraft 180.

  In order to cope with such a problem, as shown in FIG. 20, it is preferable to install the biological exclusion apparatus 1 on an aircraft 180 or a runway 181 of an airfield. By doing so, it is possible to cope with the bird strike problem. That is, if the biological exclusion device 1 is mounted on the aircraft 180, “speech” or the like can be given in advance from the aircraft 180. If the biological exclusion device 1 is installed on the runway 181, “sound” is preliminarily provided from the runway 181. And the exclusion target organisms Z that are swarming in the vicinity of the runway 181 can be effectively excluded before the aircraft 180 enters.

  The biological exclusion device 1 may be installed only on one of the aircraft 180 and the runway 181 or on both sides. By installing them on both sides and appropriately adjusting the timing of application, it is possible to more effectively eliminate the organism Z to be excluded.

In the second embodiment, there is no particular mention of the timing of giving “speech” or the like from the organism exclusion device 1, but it may always be given, or may be given when the elimination target organism Z is detected. Good. In this case, it is necessary to separately provide an animal detection sensor using infrared rays, ultrasonic waves, visible light, or an imaging device such as a camera.
Furthermore, the grant start time, grant end time, or grant time interval may be determined in advance, and the grant timing may be controlled by time.

  Moreover, although the specific installation example of the organism exclusion apparatus 1 was demonstrated using FIGS. 17-20, it does not specifically limit an installation place, What kind of place will be if it is a place where the organism to be excluded exists? Can also be installed. For example, you may make it install the biological exclusion apparatus 1 in a garbage storage, a park, etc.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological exclusion device, 10 Ultrasonic signal creation part, 12 Exclusion signal part, 12a Original voice signal, 12b Pseudo signal, 12c Ultrasonic signal, 12d Transient signal, 12e Human voice signal, 20 Exclusion / exclusion signal, 25 Processing circuit Part, 30 adder part, 35 amplifier, 40 reproduction means, 41 ultrasonic oscillator, 50 radiator band, 50A radiator band, 50B radiator band, 50D radiator band, 50E radiator band, 50F radiator band, 51 CPU section, 52 imparting function control means, 55 control section, 60 horn section, 61 PZT section, 62 pedestal, 63 electrode, 70 light emitting means, 80 voice transmission means, 90 pressure imparting means, 95 detection sensor, 150 power pole, 151 power line , 160 building, 180 aircraft, 181 runway, 400 regeneration means, 500 radiator band, X radiator overall width, Y radiation Entire width, Z exclusion subject organism, x radiator spacing, y radiator spacing.

Claims (10)

A biological exclusion device that excludes organisms to be excluded,
Reproduction means capable of sound emission,
The pseudo sound created using the original sound generated when the organism to be excluded is abnormal is superimposed on an ultrasonic signal, and the sound pressure level is equal to or higher than the sound pressure level of the sound generated by the organism to be excluded A control unit for radiating from the reproduction means,
The reproducing means includes
A biological exclusion device, wherein a plurality of ultrasonic oscillators each including a vibrator are combined to form a radiator band configured as one block, with two or more blocks arranged at intervals determined by the diameter of the diaphragm. The interval is
The biological exclusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the biological exclusion device is longer than the diameter of the diaphragm and up to twice the diameter of the diaphragm. The reproducing means includes
The biological exclusion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radiator band is configured by arranging the ultrasonic oscillators in a polygonal shape or a circular shape in a plane. The controller is
An audio signal based on the original audio;
An audio signal by the pseudo audio,
Audio signals with transient impact or explosion sounds,
as well as,
The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a voice signal based on a voice uttered by a human is randomly selected and output. The organism exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a light emitting unit that emits light imparted to the organism to be excluded. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a pressure applying unit capable of applying a pressure to be applied to the organism to be excluded. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is installed on a power pole or a steel tower. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the biological exclusion apparatus is installed on a power line over which a power pole or a steel tower is installed. The biological exclusion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is installed in a building. The biological exclusion apparatus according to claim 1, installed on at least one of an aircraft and a runway.

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