JP2015223630A - Shape of dead head with high dead head efficiency, and casting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shape of a dead head higher in dead head efficiency than a conventional dead head based on a cylinder.SOLUTION: A shape of a dead head is based on a shape defined by an ellipsoid.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

Industrial application fields

  The shape of the feeder used for casting, and the shape and casting method of the feeder having high feeder efficiency.

  In casting, in order to improve the soundness of the product part, a hot water is provided at an appropriate part of the product part, and the solidification shrinkage of the product part is replenished from the hot water. There are used a hot water feeder provided on the side and a side hot water provided on the side surface. However, in any case, the ratio of the feeder to the casting weight is usually 20 to 40%. As a result, there is a problem that the casting yield indicated by the product part weight / casting weight is low. Therefore, the determination of the proper shape and size of the feeder is an important issue for improving the casting yield that affects the casting cost.

  As casting methods, there are flat casting and vertical casting depending on the relationship between the pouring direction and the parting plane direction of the model. Flat casting is when the pouring direction is perpendicular to the parting plane direction of the model, and vertical casting is when it is parallel. In vertical casting, a relatively free shape of the feeder can be used because of the arrangement of the product portion and the feeder, but a highly efficient feeder shape is not yet determined. On the other hand, in flat casting, since the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the product part and the feeder is small, the shape of the feeder used is considerably limited as described later, so there is no efficient feeder shape and the casting yield is reduced. There is a problem that it cannot be increased. Although the present invention provides a shape of a feeder with high feeder efficiency that can be applied to both flat casting and vertical casting, it is particularly effective in flat casting.

  Conventionally, the basic shape of the feeder used for casting is mostly a cylinder having a diameter D and a height H (hereinafter referred to as a cylindrical shape), and usually H = (1.5 to 2). ) The shape is about D. The basic shape is provided with a weir portion (also referred to as a weir portion) corresponding to a portion connecting the product portion and the basic shape of the feeder. That is, the feeder is composed of a basic shape and a weir part. The same applies to the present invention. In addition, an appropriate draft angle, corner R, corner R, and the like are attached to the feeder in consideration of mold-up characteristics during molding. The reason why the cylindrical shape is used as the basic shape is that the shape is simple and the model can be easily manufactured, and it is easy to make an appropriate height corresponding to the height of the product portion. This is the conventional technology of the shape of the feeder.

  Examples of the prior art are shown in FIGS. FIG. 11 shows a state of a mold in which a fried hot water 15 is provided on the upper part of the product part 4. FIG. 12 shows the state of the mold in which the side feeder 16 is provided on the side surface of the product 4. It is generally performed to ensure the soundness of the product portion 4 by replenishing the solidification shrinkage of the product portion 4 through the weir portions 3 from the feeders 15 and 16 thus provided.

  The disadvantage of this cylindrical feeder is that the side surfaces of the feeder side and the upper and lower sides are large, and this becomes a cooling surface (heat dissipating surface) and solidification progresses quickly. Therefore, it becomes a large volume feeder for a product part, and the ratio which occupies for casting weight becomes large with 20 to 40%, and a casting yield becomes low as a result. When expressed as a ratio of the hot water to the volume of the product part, it is generally 40 to 100%.

  The efficiency of the feeder can be simply evaluated using an index of solidification modulus expressed by volume / surface area. That is, the one with a large solidification modulus is slow to solidify, and the solidification shrinkage can be replenished for a long time corresponding to the solidification of the product part. This is the disadvantage of the conventional cylindrical feeder. That is, as described above, the columnar hot water has a large surface area on the side surface and the upper and lower surfaces. Therefore, the solidification modulus is small for a large volume, and the efficiency of the hot water is low. For this reason, increasing the volume of the feeder and obtaining a value larger than the solidification modulus of the product part is the cause of the low casting yield.

Regarding the prior art, an example of a main casting method using a feeder is shown below from the results of searching the patent literature with the keyword "casting x feeder".
JP2008-212285A JP2007-111741 JP-A-2005-144461 JP-A-10-221333 JP 10-43836 A JP 9-314308 A JP-A-8-290254 JP-A-8-93204 JP-A-5-104195 JP-A-5-69108

Problems to be solved by the invention

  The problems of the prior art as described above can be summarized as follows. One reason why the casting yield, which is an important index that affects casting cost, is low is that a cylinder is used as the basic shape for the shape of the feeder that accounts for 20 to 40% of the casting weight. This reduces the solidification modulus, which requires the use of a large volume of feeder, resulting in poor casting yield.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an unprecedented new hot-water shape. As a result, the casting yield is greatly improved, and the cost of casting products can be greatly reduced.

Means for solving the problem

(Means 1)
The shape of the feeder used for casting, and the basic shape of the feeder except for the dam portion of the feeder is A and B, respectively, with radii in the X and Y directions parallel to the parting surface of the mold. When the radius in the Z (height) direction perpendicular to the cut surface is C, it is an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² and B = (0. 8 to 1.3) A and C = (0.8 to 1.3) A. Also in this means, as in the prior art, the feeder is composed of a basic shape and a weir part.

In this means, instead of the cylindrical feeder, the conventional basic shape uses a feeder whose basic shape is an ellipsoid represented by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² . . This shape formula shows all shapes whose cross section is given by an ellipse. As a special case, when A = B, an ellipsoidal hot water having a height of C and a rotating body having a radius of A is provided. Further, when A = B = C, a spherical hot-spring is provided.

  Various shapes other than the generally used columnar shape are conceivable as the basic shape of the feeder, but the spherical body has the smallest surface area, that is, the heat radiation surface is small, and the heat retaining property is high. However, depending on the shape, height, etc. of the product part, a spherical body may not be able to cope with it sufficiently. Therefore, in this means, B dimension and C dimension are set to B = (0.8 to 1.3) A and C = ( 0.8 to 1.3) A. Within this range, high heat retention can be obtained with a small surface area close to a spherical body.

  As mentioned earlier, the efficiency of the feeder can be evaluated primarily by the solidification modulus, but when this is further examined by the solidification modulus per unit volume, how much solidification modulus can be obtained per unit volume. You can see if you can. In other words, this is the efficiency of the true hot water seen from the efficiency per unit volume.

  Therefore, the solidification modulus and the solidification modulus per unit volume of the conventional feeder having a cylindrical shape and the ellipsoidal feeder of this means will be compared. For example, as the most common shape of a cylindrical feeder, the diameter is D and the height is H = 1.5D, and the ellipsoidal feeder is the minimum radius A = 0.5D, B = 1. Let us compare the case of 2A = 0.6D and C = 1.2A = 0.6D as an example.

First, in the cylindrical feeder, volume V1 = π / 4 × D ² × 1.5D = 1.18D ³ , surface area S1 = 2πD ² = 6.28D ² , and thus solidification modulus M1 = volume / surface area = 0.188D, solidification modulus per unit volume K1 = solidification modulus M1 / volume = 1 / surface area = 1 / 2πD ² = 0.159 / D ²

Next, for the feeder with an ellipsoidal basic shape, the volume is V2 = 4/3 × πABC = 4/3 × π × 0.5D × 0.6D × 0.6D = 0.754D ³ , and the surface area is a complicated calculation. made, but the surface area ^{S2 = 4π [(a P B} P + a P C P + B P C P) / 3] 1 / P. Here, since it is known that the error is about 1% even if P = 1.6 as a rough calculation, the surface area S2 = 4.03D ² is calculated by using this value.
Accordingly, the solidification modulus M2 = volume / surface area = 0.187D, solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = solidification modulus M2 / volume = 1 / surface area = 0.248 / ^{D 2.}

  Here, when comparing the solidification modulus and solidification modulus per unit volume of the columnar feeder of the prior art and the ellipsoidal feeder of this means, V2 / V1 = 0.754 / 1.18 = 0.64, M2 / M1 = 0.187 / 0.188 = 1.00, and K2 / K1 = 0.248 / 0.159 = 1.56. By using the ellipsoidal feeder of this means, compared with the cylindrical feeder, the solidification modulus is the same, that is, the heat retention effect as the feeder, that is, the effect of the feeder is equivalent, and the volume is the same as the cylindrical shape of the prior art. It can be seen that it can be reduced by about 36% compared to the hot water of. In other words, compared to the columnar hot water of the prior art, it is possible to obtain a hot water having a heat retaining property equal to or higher than that of a small hot water. Further, when the minimum radius A = 0.5D, B = 1.3A = 0.65D, and C = 1.3A = 0.65D, the reduction rate decreases to about 25%, so this is defined as the limit. This will be specifically described in Example 1.

  Thus, it can be seen that the heat retaining property of the ellipsoid-shaped feeder of the present invention is extremely superior to the shape of the conventional feeder. Thus, by using an ellipsoidal feeder having an appropriate volume solidification modulus corresponding to the product portion, a sufficient feeder effect can be obtained with a smaller feeder than the conventional feeder. Therefore, the casting yield which has been a problem can be greatly improved.

  Here, the “basic shape of the feeder” in the present invention will be described. Even if it is a generally used cylindrical feeder, the basic shape is not used as it is for any type of feeder. Usually, the basic shape is modified and used in an appropriate shape so as to be easy to use as a cast model. For example, an appropriate draft angle, corner R, corner R, etc. are attached for mold punching, and a conical hole or V-groove is provided on the top of the feeder to induce shrinkage of the feeder, or a William score is provided. Or, a part of the shape of the hot water is cut from the relationship with the product part, or a surplus is added. In some cases, a bar-like portion having a diameter smaller than the hot metal diameter may be additionally provided on the basic shape of the hot metal to give a height, that is, a molten metal head (molten metal pressure). However, the shape of the basic feeder is clear from its shape. Therefore, the basic shape of the feeder in the present invention is also used with such appropriate modification and deformation.

(Means 2)
In the ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² described in Means 1, the basic shape of the feeder is shown by B = 0.8A and C = 0.8A. The shape of the feeder is an arbitrary shape formed between P and an ellipsoid Q represented by B = 1.3A and C = 1.3A.

  In the means 1, the shape of the feeder is defined as an ellipsoid. However, in actual casting, when the shape and height of the product part are variously different, or one feeder is used for a plurality of product parts. In many cases, it is necessary to use as a shape of the hot water feeder corresponding to those conditions. Therefore, in this means, the shape is modified and used within a certain range while the heat retaining effect of the ellipsoid shown in the means 1 is maintained.

  That is, as an allowable range in which the heat retaining effect as an ellipsoid can be ensured, the shape of the feeder is an ellipsoid P indicated by B = 0.8A and C = 0.8A, and B = 1.3A, C = 1. It was set as the shape of the arbitrary feeders comprised between the ellipsoid Q shown by 3A. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a hot-water feeder shape with high hot-water efficiency that can be applied to various actual casting conditions while maintaining a heat-retaining effect close to an ellipsoid. Details will be described in the second embodiment.

(Means 3)
In the ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² described in the means 1, the basic shape of the feeder is approximately A = B = C, that is, a spherical body. The shape of the hot water.

  As described above, this is one special shape of an ellipsoid, which has the smallest surface area, a large solidification modulus per unit volume, and a maximum heat retention effect. However, since the height of the feeder is limited, the application may be limited depending on the shape and height of the product part.

  Here, the spherical body of approximately A = B = C is used in order to change the position of the parting surface of the feeder and how to apply the draft, so that some modifications may be made. It is because it may be necessary.

(Means 4)
When pouring the molten metal using the shape of the hot water described in Means 1 to 3, the amount of molten metal to be poured is equal to or less than the volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup serving as the pouring port from the volume of all the cavities. A casting method characterized by

  This means provides a method capable of further reducing the molten metal when the hot water of the present invention is actually used. That is, as compared with the conventional columnar feeder height H = (1.5-2) D, the feeder height C of the present invention, as described in the first and second means, Since the height C = (0.8 to 1.3) A is low relative to the hot water radius A, when pouring, the amount of pouring is reduced and given by the pouring cup and the pouring bar that are pouring gates. It was found that lowering the molten metal head is more effective in inducing shrinkage at the top of the feeder.

  This is because the height of the hot metal is lowered, and when a high molten metal head is applied to the hot metal, the top of the hot metal closely adheres to the mold cavity and solidification is promoted. As a result, it is estimated that the hot-water supply effect is lowered. Therefore, it is effective for the hot water of the present invention to lower the molten metal height on the upper surface of the sprue cup after pouring by making it 1/2 or less of the volume of the pouring cup and to lower the molten metal head applied to the hot water. is there. Of course, the upper limit of the amount of pouring is determined from the height of the product part. That is, it is natural that the molten metal height on the upper surface of the spout cup does not fall below the height of the product portion.

Action

In the means 1 to 3, the shape of the hot water having high heat retention based on the ellipsoid, that is, the shape of the hot water having a small volume and a large hot water effect is provided. Moreover, in the means 4, the method of reducing the pouring amount was proposed as a method which can reduce a molten metal, further improving the hot-water-feeding effect. As a result, the casting yield, which has been a problem of the prior art, can be greatly improved. As a result, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of molten metal required for the hot metal, and to significantly reduce the power consumption for melting and the cost of molten metal treatment. It also greatly contributes to CO ² reduction.

  The present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

A first embodiment using the means 1 is shown in FIGS. In this example, the basic shape of the feeder, excluding the weir part, is set to have a radius in the X and Y directions parallel to the parting surface of the mold as A and B, respectively, and Z (height in a direction perpendicular to the parting surface. ) When the radius corresponding to the direction is C, it is an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² and B = (0.8 to 1.3) A and The shape of the hot water supply, which is C = (0.8 to 1.3) A, will be specifically described.

  FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional perspective view of the shape of an ellipsoid feeder 1 when B = 1.3A = 5.2 cm and C = 1.3A = 5.2 cm, where A = 4 cm. It is. There is a product portion on the left side of the feeder, and a weir portion 3 that connects the basic shape 1 of the feeder and the product portion 4 is provided, but this is not shown in the figure. This is illustrated in FIG. The shape of the portion 3 of the weir is an appropriate shape that connects the product portion 4 and the basic shape 1 of the feeder, but the solidification modulus of this portion is determined so that the molten metal can be sufficiently supplied from the feeder to the product portion. It is said that the ratio of the solidification modulus of the basic shape of the general product part, the weir part, and the feeder is about 1: 0.5: 1 to 1.2. It is determined in consideration of various conditions such as shape and height.

  In the shape of the basic shape 1 of the ellipsoidal hot water feeder, the assumed parting surface 2 of the upper and lower molds is the center in the height direction in this figure, but the parting surface depends on the shape and height of the product part. It is practical to adjust the position of the upper and lower sides. At that time, if necessary for mold removal at the time of molding, an appropriate escape gradient is provided. In addition, the shape of the feeder may be appropriately modified and deformed in relation to the product part. A specific method is shown in FIG.

For comparison with the shape of such an ellipsoidal feeder, the shape of a conventional cylindrical feeder is assumed to be 8 cm in diameter and 12 cm in height. In the conventional feeder shape, volume V1 = 604 cm ³ , surface area S1 = 402 cm ² , solidification modulus M1 = 604/402 = 1.50 cm, solidification modulus per unit volume K1 = 2.48 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ).

In the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, A = 4 cm, B = 1.3 A = 5.2 cm, C = 1.3 A = 5.2 cm, volume V2 = 453 cm ³ , surface area S2 = 287 cm ² , solidification modulus M2 = 453/287 = 1.58 cm, solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = 3.48 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ). Therefore, when comparing the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder and the shape of the cylindrical feeder, the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 453/604 = 0.75, the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.05, and per unit volume. The ratio of the solidification moduli of K2 / K1 = 1.40.

  In other words, in the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, the solidification modulus is almost the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 25%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.4 times, and it can be seen that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. Thus, by using the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, it was possible to obtain a feeder effect equivalent to or higher than that of the columnar feeder of the prior art with a small volume. As a result, a significant improvement in casting yield was achieved.

  The calculation results are also shown for B = 1.2A and C = 1.2A. The ratio of the elliptical feeder shape to the cylindrical feeder shape is the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 386/604. = 0.64, solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.0, ratio of solidification modulus per unit volume K2 / K1 = 1.56. That is, in this case, in the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, the solidification modulus is the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 36%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.56 times, and it can be understood that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. This result means that as the shape of the ellipsoid is closer to the spherical body, that is, A = B = C, the hot water supply efficiency is increased. That is, it turns out that a spherical body has the highest hot-water supply efficiency. Which shape is adopted is determined in consideration of the shape and height of the product part.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram in the case of A = 4.0 (1.0), B = 5.2 (1.3), and C = 3.2 (0.8). FIG. 3 is a diagram in the case of A = 4.0 (1.0), B = 3.2 (0.8), and C = 3.2 (0.8). = 4.0 (1.0), B = 4.0 (1.0), C = 5.2 (1.3). In this way, by arbitrarily changing A, B, and C, it is possible to make an ellipsoid-shaped feeder of any shape. Moreover, in FIG. 4, the part 3 of a dam and the product part 4 are also displayed, and this is how to use the actual hot water. The basic shape of FIGS. 1 to 3 is also used in the same configuration. In addition, although it used as a side feeder in a present Example, it can use similarly also in a deep-fried feeder.

  Next, the basic shape of the hot water using means 2 will be described. The comparison object of calculation similarly made the shape of the cylindrical feeder of the prior art 8 cm in diameter and 12 cm in height. On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows the result of comparing the basic features of the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder when the dimensional ratios of A, B, and C are variously changed with the cylindrical feeder. Subscript 1 indicates a conventional cylindrical feeder, and suffix 2 indicates an ellipsoidal feeder according to the present invention. In this calculation, the dimensions of A, B, and C are changed so that the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 is approximately 1.0.

  As can be seen from this figure, even if B is changed in the range of B = (0.8 to 1.3) A and C is changed in the range of C = (0.8 to 1.3) A, an appropriate size is obtained. It can be seen that if the dimensions A, B, and C are selected, about 33 to 39% of the reduction of the hot water can be obtained compared to the conventional cylindrical hot water shape. That is, if the shape of the feeder is in an arbitrary shape within the dimensional ratio range of A, B, and C, a large reduction in the feeder can be achieved. Therefore, an ellipsoid P (5) displayed with A, B = 0.8A, C = 0.8A, and an ellipsoid Q (6) displayed with A, B = 1.3A, C = 1.3A. The hot water of an arbitrary shape between the two has almost the same heat retention as P and Q, and a large reduction of the hot water can be obtained as well. That is, the shape of the hot water is high. The shapes of the ellipsoid P (5) and ellipsoid Q (6) are shown in FIG. The basic shape of the arbitrarily shaped hot-water feeder formed between the two ellipsoids P and Q can be an appropriate shape of the hot-water feeder corresponding to the shape of various product parts, the design arrangement, etc. The shape of the hot water is higher than that of the first means.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment in which the means 3 is used. In this example, the shape of the feeder in which the shape of the feeder is A = B = C, that is, a spherical body, in the ellipsoid described in the means 1 will be described. This example is the most specific shape of an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² , and means a spherical body.

Also in this case, A = B = C = 4.5 cm, the same calculation as in Example 1 is performed, and a comparison value with the shape of the columnar hot water feeder of the prior art is shown as follows. Volume V2 = 381 cm ³ , surface area S2 = 254 cm ² , solidification modulus M2 = 381/254 = 1.50 cm, solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = 3.94 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ). Therefore, when the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is compared with the shape of the cylindrical feeder, the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 381/604 = 0.63, the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.0, per unit volume The ratio of the solidification moduli of K2 / K1 = 1.60.

  That is, in the basic shape of the spherical feeder, the solidification modulus is substantially the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 37%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.6 times, and it can be understood that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. Thus, by using the shape of the spherical feeder, it was possible to obtain the same or higher feeder effect with a small volume as compared with the shape of the columnar feeder of the prior art. As a result, a significant improvement in casting yield was achieved.

  In the above calculation, A = B = C, and the calculation for the shape of a complete spherical feeder is shown. However, in the actual application, the shape is adjusted to some extent from the complete spherical shape. However, since the effect of the hot water is the same, it is only necessary to have a substantially spherical body within this range. Moreover, the parting surface in the model of the hot water does not have to be the center of the spherical body, and may be appropriately moved up and down. Usually, it is advantageous for raising the molten metal head that the parting surface is downward, the upper die is high, and the lower die is low.

  FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the YZ plane of FIG. In this figure, the position of the parting surface 2 of the mold is lowered below the center line 7 in the height direction of the spherical body as an example of practical use of the spherical body feeder 1. An appropriate draft gradient 8 is provided. In addition, a V-groove 10 is provided in the hot water top portion 9 for inducing the shrinkage of the hot water. As described above, the basic shape of the feeder of the present invention is usually used with appropriate modifications. In addition, when the height of the feeder is insufficient, an appropriately sized cylinder may be provided on the upper part of the basic shape of the feeder. This is exactly the same in the columnar feeder of the prior art.

  A fourth embodiment using the means 4 is shown in FIGS. In this example, when pouring the molten metal using the shape of the hot water described in the means 1 to 3, the amount of pouring is a volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring port from the volume of all the cavities. A casting method characterized by the following will be described.

  FIG. 9 shows a cylindrical feeder used in the prior art, and all the cavities are composed of a product part 4, a weir part 3, a feeder 1, a runner 11, a gate 12, and a gate cup 13. The molten metal 14 is poured into the mold as usual. In this case, the molten metal is poured almost up to the upper surface of the spout cup. In this case, the molten metal head acting on the product part 4 and the basic shape 1 of the feeder is indicated by H1. FIG. 10 shows a state where the molten metal 14 is reduced and poured using the spherical body feeder 1 of the present invention. The amount of pouring is not more than the volume obtained by subtracting ½ of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring spout from the volume of all the cavities. In this case, the melt head acting on the basic shape of the product portion 14 and the feeder is indicated by about H2, and H2 is smaller than H1.

  In the conventional feeder, since the height H is set to be 1.5 to 2 times as high as the diameter, the upper surface of the molten metal of the spout cup 13 should not be lower than the feeder. In addition, as a basic idea that a sufficient molten metal head is used for the pouring hot water, the pouring amount was poured so as to almost fill the pouring cup. On the other hand, in the molten metal of this means, the height of the hot metal is as low as 0.8 to 1.3 times the diameter. Therefore, the height satisfying the sprue cup is lowered to lower the molten metal head applied to the hot water, Induction of the top of the hot water is induced, so that the atmospheric pressure is fully effective. This is because the top of the molten metal 9 is pressed strongly against the mold and closely adheres to the mold, so that heat transfer is promoted and solidification is accelerated. As a result, the induction of shrinkage at the top of the molten metal is hindered. This is because it has been found that the decrease in the temperature.

  Therefore, it is better to keep the molten metal head below a certain value. This is one feature of the present invention. The guideline is a value that is equal to or less than the volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring spout from the volume of all the cavities. Of course, the upper limit value of the volume to be reduced is naturally determined by the height of the product part and the shape height of the feeder.

  Thus, when using the hot water of the present invention, it is possible to pour by reducing the amount of pouring, and in addition to reducing the molten metal due to the shape of the hot water, it is possible to reduce the molten metal in the spout cup portion, Reduction has been achieved.

Effect of the invention

  As described above, the present invention provides a shape of a hot water base that is based on a novel ellipsoidal shape with respect to the shape of a conventional cylindrical water feeder, While the solidification modulus, that is, the heat retaining property as a feeder, is made equal, the molten metal can be greatly reduced, and the casting yield is greatly improved. As a result, we were able to contribute greatly to power reduction, which is an urgent problem in the casting industry.

  It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 1 of the present invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is a calculation result which shows the effect of Example 2 of this invention.   It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 2 of the present invention.   It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 3 of the present invention.   It is sectional drawing which shows Example 3 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows the Example of a prior art contrasted with Example 4 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows Example 4 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows an example of the deep-fried hot water of a prior art.   It is a figure which shows an example of the side feeder of a prior art.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basic shape of feeder 2 Cut part 3 Weir part 4 Product part 5 Ellipsoid P 6 Ellipsoid Q 7 Center line of height direction of spherical body 8 Draft slope 9 Top part of feeder 10 V groove 11 Runway 12 Tap 13 Mouth cup 14 Molten metal 15 Raised hot water 16 Side hot water

Detailed Description of the Invention

Industrial application fields

  The shape of the feeder used for casting, and the shape and casting method of the feeder having high feeder efficiency.

  In casting, in order to improve the soundness of the product part, a hot water is provided at an appropriate part of the product part, and the solidification shrinkage of the product part is replenished from the hot water. There are used a hot water feeder provided on the side and a side hot water provided on the side surface. However, in any case, the ratio of the feeder to the casting weight is usually 20 to 40%. As a result, there is a problem that the casting yield indicated by the product part weight / casting weight is low. Therefore, the determination of the proper shape and size of the feeder is an important issue for improving the casting yield that affects the casting cost.

  As casting methods, there are flat casting and vertical casting depending on the relationship between the pouring direction and the parting plane direction of the model. Flat casting is when the pouring direction is perpendicular to the parting plane direction of the model, and vertical casting is when it is parallel. In vertical casting, a relatively free shape of the feeder can be used because of the arrangement of the product portion and the feeder, but a highly efficient feeder shape is not yet determined. On the other hand, in flat casting, since the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the product part and the feeder is small, the shape of the feeder used is considerably limited as described later, so there is no efficient feeder shape and the casting yield is reduced. There is a problem that it cannot be increased. Although the present invention provides a shape of a feeder with high feeder efficiency that can be applied to both flat casting and vertical casting, it is particularly effective in flat casting.

  Conventionally, the basic shape of the feeder used for casting is mostly a cylinder having a diameter D and a height H (hereinafter referred to as a cylindrical shape), and usually H = (1.5 to 2). ) The shape is about D. The basic shape is provided with a weir portion (also referred to as a weir portion) corresponding to a portion connecting the product portion and the basic shape of the feeder. That is, the feeder is composed of a basic shape and a weir part. The same applies to the present invention. In addition, an appropriate draft angle, corner R, corner R, and the like are attached to the feeder in consideration of mold-up characteristics during molding. The reason why the cylindrical shape is used as the basic shape is that the shape is simple and the model can be easily manufactured, and it is easy to make an appropriate height corresponding to the height of the product portion. This is the conventional technology of the shape of the feeder.

  Examples of the prior art are shown in FIGS. FIG. 11 shows a state of a mold in which a fried hot water 15 is provided on the upper part of the product part 4. FIG. 12 shows the state of the mold in which the side feeder 16 is provided on the side surface of the product 4. It is generally performed to ensure the soundness of the product portion 4 by replenishing the solidification shrinkage of the product portion 4 through the weir portions 3 from the feeders 15 and 16 thus provided.

  The disadvantage of this cylindrical feeder is that the side surfaces of the feeder side and the upper and lower sides are large, and this becomes a cooling surface (heat dissipating surface) and solidification progresses quickly. Therefore, it becomes a large volume feeder for a product part, and the ratio which occupies for casting weight becomes large with 20 to 40%, and a casting yield becomes low as a result. When expressed as a ratio of the hot water to the volume of the product part, it is generally 40 to 100%.

  The efficiency of the feeder can be simply evaluated using an index of solidification modulus expressed by volume / surface area. That is, the one with a large solidification modulus is slow to solidify, and the solidification shrinkage can be replenished for a long time corresponding to the solidification of the product part. This is the disadvantage of the conventional cylindrical feeder. That is, as described above, the columnar hot water has a large surface area on the side surface and the upper and lower surfaces. Therefore, the solidification modulus is small for a large volume, and the efficiency of the hot water is low. For this reason, increasing the volume of the feeder and obtaining a value larger than the solidification modulus of the product part is the cause of the low casting yield.

Regarding the prior art, an example of a main casting method using a feeder is shown below from the results of searching the patent literature with the keyword "casting x feeder".
JP2008-212285A JP2007-111741 JP-A-2005-144461 JP-A-10-221333 JP 10-43836 A JP 9-314308 A JP-A-8-290254 JP-A-8-93204 JP-A-5-104195 JP-A-5-69108

Problems to be solved by the invention

  The problems of the prior art as described above can be summarized as follows. One reason why the casting yield, which is an important index that affects casting cost, is low is that a cylinder is used as the basic shape for the shape of the feeder that accounts for 20 to 40% of the casting weight. This reduces the solidification modulus, which requires the use of a large volume of feeder, resulting in poor casting yield.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an unprecedented new hot-water shape. As a result, the casting yield is greatly improved, and the cost of casting products can be greatly reduced.

Means for solving the problem

(Means 1)
The shape of the feeder used for casting, and the basic shape of the feeder except for the dam portion of the feeder is A and B, respectively, with radii in the X and Y directions parallel to the parting surface of the mold. An ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² = 1, where C is the radius in the Z (height) direction perpendicular to the cut surface, and B = ( 0.8-1.3) A and C = (0.8-1.3) A. Also in this means, as in the prior art, the feeder is composed of a basic shape and a weir part.

In this means, instead of the cylindrical basic feeder, a conventional feeder whose basic shape is an ellipsoid represented by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² = 1 is used. Using. This shape formula shows all shapes whose cross section is given by an ellipse. As a special case, when A = B, an ellipsoidal hot water having a height of C and a rotating body having a radius of A is provided. Further, when A = B = C, a spherical hot-spring is provided.

  Various shapes other than the generally used columnar shape are conceivable as the basic shape of the feeder, but the spherical body has the smallest surface area, that is, the heat radiation surface is small, and the heat retaining property is high. However, depending on the shape, height, etc. of the product part, a spherical body may not be able to cope with it sufficiently. Therefore, in this means, B dimension and C dimension are set to B = (0.8 to 1.3) A and C = ( 0.8 to 1.3) A. Within this range, high heat retention can be obtained with a small surface area close to a spherical body.

  As mentioned earlier, the efficiency of the feeder can be evaluated primarily by the solidification modulus, but when this is further examined by the solidification modulus per unit volume, how much solidification modulus can be obtained per unit volume. You can see if you can. In other words, this is the efficiency of the true hot water seen from the efficiency per unit volume.

  Therefore, the solidification modulus and the solidification modulus per unit volume of the conventional feeder having a cylindrical shape and the ellipsoidal feeder of this means will be compared. For example, as the most common shape of a cylindrical feeder, the diameter is D and the height is H = 1.5D, and the ellipsoidal feeder is the minimum radius A = 0.5D, B = 1. Let us compare the case of 2A = 0.6D and C = 1.2A = 0.6D as an example.

First, in the cylindrical feeder, the volume V1 = π / 4 × D ² × 1.5D = 1.18D ³ and the surface area S1 = 2πD ² = 6.28D ² , and thus the solidification modulus M1 = volume / surface area. = 0.188D, solidification modulus per unit volume K1 = solidification modulus M1 / volume = 1 / surface area = 1 / 2πD ² = 0.159 / D ²

Next, for the feeder with an ellipsoidal basic shape, the volume V2 = 4/3 × πABC = 4/3 × π × 0.5D × 0.6D × 0.6D = 0.754D ³ , and the surface area is a complicated calculation. made, but the surface area ^{S2 = 4π [(a P B} P + a P C P + B P C P) / 3] 1 / P. Here, since it is known that the error is about 1% even when P = 1.6 as a rough calculation, the surface area S2 = 4.03D ² is obtained by calculating using this value.
Accordingly, the solidification modulus M2 = volume / surface area = 0.187D, solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = solidification modulus M2 / volume = 1 / surface area = 0.248 / ^{D 2.}

Here, when comparing the solidification modulus and solidification modulus per unit volume of the columnar feeder of the prior art and the ellipsoidal feeder of this means, V2 / V1 = 0.754 / 1.18 = 0.64, M2 / M1 = 0.187 / 0.188 = 1.00, and K2 / K1 = 0.248 / 0.159 = 1.56. By using the ellipsoidal feeder of this means, compared with the cylindrical feeder, the solidification modulus is the same, that is, the heat retention effect as the feeder, that is, the effect of the feeder is equivalent, and the volume is the same as the cylindrical shape of the prior art. It can be seen that it can be reduced by about 36% compared to the hot water of. In other words, compared to the columnar hot water of the prior art, it is possible to obtain a hot water having a heat retaining property equal to or higher than that of a small hot water.
Further, when the minimum radius A = 0.5D, B = 1.3A = 0.65D, and C = 1.3A = 0.65D, the reduction rate decreases to about 25%, so this is defined as the limit. This will be specifically described in Example 1.

  Thus, it can be seen that the heat retaining property of the ellipsoid-shaped feeder of the present invention is extremely superior to the shape of the conventional feeder. Thus, by using an ellipsoidal feeder having an appropriate volume solidification modulus corresponding to the product portion, a sufficient feeder effect can be obtained with a smaller feeder than the conventional feeder. Therefore, the casting yield which has been a problem can be greatly improved.

  Here, the “basic shape of the feeder” in the present invention will be described. Even if it is a generally used cylindrical feeder, the basic shape is not used as it is for any type of feeder. Usually, the basic shape is modified and used in an appropriate shape so as to be easy to use as a cast model. For example, an appropriate draft angle, corner R, corner R, etc. are attached for mold punching, and a conical hole or V-groove is provided on the top of the feeder to induce shrinkage of the feeder, or a William score is provided. Or, a part of the shape of the hot water is cut from the relationship with the product part, or a surplus is added. In some cases, a bar-like portion having a diameter smaller than the hot metal diameter may be additionally provided on the basic shape of the hot metal to give a height, that is, a molten metal head (molten metal pressure). However, the shape of the basic feeder is clear from its shape. Therefore, the basic shape of the feeder in the present invention is also used with such appropriate modification and deformation.

(Means 2)
In the ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² = 1 described in Means 1, the basic shape of the feeder is represented by B = 0.8A and C = 0.8A. The shape of the feeder is an arbitrary shape formed between the ellipsoid P and the ellipsoid Q represented by B = 1.3A and C = 1.3A.

  In the means 1, the shape of the feeder is defined as an ellipsoid. However, in actual casting, when the shape and height of the product part are variously different, or one feeder is used for a plurality of product parts. In many cases, it is necessary to use as a shape of the hot water feeder corresponding to those conditions. Therefore, in this means, the shape is modified and used within a certain range while the heat retaining effect of the ellipsoid shown in the means 1 is maintained.

  That is, as an allowable range in which the heat retaining effect as an ellipsoid can be ensured, the shape of the feeder is an ellipsoid P indicated by B = 0.8A and C = 0.8A, and B = 1.3A, C = 1. It was set as the shape of the arbitrary feeders comprised between the ellipsoid Q shown by 3A. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a hot-water feeder shape with high hot-water efficiency that can be applied to various actual casting conditions while maintaining a heat-retaining effect close to an ellipsoid. Details will be described in the second embodiment.

(Means 3)
In the ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² = 1 described in Means 1, the basic shape of the feeder is approximately A = B = C, that is, a spherical body. The shape of the hot water.

  As described above, this is one special shape of an ellipsoid, which has the smallest surface area, a large solidification modulus per unit volume, and a maximum heat retention effect. However, since the height of the feeder is limited, the application may be limited depending on the shape and height of the product part.

  Here, the spherical body of approximately A = B = C is used in order to change the position of the parting surface of the feeder and how to apply the draft, so that some modifications may be made. It is because it may be necessary.

(Means 4)
When pouring the molten metal using the shape of the hot water described in Means 1 to 3, the amount of molten metal to be poured is equal to or less than the volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup serving as the pouring port from the volume of all the cavities. A casting method characterized by

  This means provides a method capable of further reducing the molten metal when the hot water of the present invention is actually used. That is, as compared with the conventional columnar feeder height H = (1.5-2) D, the feeder height C of the present invention, as described in the first and second means, Since the height C = (0.8 to 1.3) A is low relative to the hot water radius A, when pouring, the amount of pouring is reduced and given by the pouring cup and the pouring bar that are pouring gates. It was found that lowering the molten metal head is more effective in inducing shrinkage at the top of the feeder.

  This is because the height of the hot metal is lowered, and when a high molten metal head is applied to the hot metal, the top of the hot metal closely adheres to the mold cavity and solidification is promoted. As a result, it is estimated that the hot-water supply effect is lowered. Therefore, it is effective for the hot water of the present invention to lower the molten metal height on the upper surface of the sprue cup after pouring by making it 1/2 or less of the volume of the pouring cup and to lower the molten metal head applied to the hot water. is there. Of course, the upper limit of the amount of pouring is determined from the height of the product part. That is, it is natural that the molten metal height on the upper surface of the spout cup does not fall below the height of the product portion.

Action

In the means 1 to 3, the shape of the hot water having high heat retention based on the ellipsoid, that is, the shape of the hot water having a small volume and a large hot water effect is provided. Moreover, in the means 4, the method of reducing the pouring amount was proposed as a method which can reduce a molten metal, further improving the hot-water-feeding effect. As a result, the casting yield, which has been a problem of the prior art, can be greatly improved. As a result, it is possible to greatly reduce the amount of molten metal required for the hot metal, and to significantly reduce the power consumption for melting and the cost of molten metal treatment. It also greatly contributes to CO ² reduction.

  The present invention will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

A first embodiment using the means 1 is shown in FIGS. In this example, the basic shape of the feeder, excluding the weir part, is set to have a radius in the X and Y directions parallel to the parting surface of the mold as A and B, respectively, and Z (height in a direction perpendicular to the parting surface. ) When the radius corresponding to the direction is C, it is an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² = 1 , and B = (0.8 to 1.3) The shape of the hot water supply, which is characterized by A and C = (0.8 to 1.3) A, will be specifically described.

  FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional perspective view of the shape of an ellipsoid feeder 1 when B = 1.3A = 5.2 cm and C = 1.3A = 5.2 cm, where A = 4 cm. It is. There is a product portion on the left side of the feeder, and a weir portion 3 that connects the basic shape 1 of the feeder and the product portion 4 is provided, but this is not shown in the figure. This is illustrated in FIG. The shape of the portion 3 of the weir is an appropriate shape that connects the product portion 4 and the basic shape 1 of the feeder, but the solidification modulus of this portion is determined so that the molten metal can be sufficiently supplied from the feeder to the product portion. It is said that the ratio of the solidification modulus of the basic shape of the general product part, the weir part, and the feeder is about 1: 0.5: 1 to 1.2. It is determined in consideration of various conditions such as shape and height.

  In the shape of the basic shape 1 of the ellipsoidal hot water feeder, the assumed parting surface 2 of the upper and lower molds is the center in the height direction in this figure, but the parting surface depends on the shape and height of the product part. It is practical to adjust the position of the upper and lower sides. At that time, if necessary for mold removal at the time of molding, an appropriate escape gradient is provided. In addition, the shape of the feeder may be appropriately modified and deformed in relation to the product part. A specific method is shown in FIG.

For comparison with the shape of such an ellipsoidal feeder, the shape of a conventional cylindrical feeder is assumed to be 8 cm in diameter and 12 cm in height. In the conventional feeder shape, volume V1 = 604 cm ³ , surface area S1 = 402 cm ² , solidification modulus M1 = 604/402 = 1.50 cm, solidification modulus per unit volume K1 = 2.48 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ).

In the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, A = 4 cm, B = 1.3 A = 5.2 cm, C = 1.3 A = 5.2 cm, volume V2 = 453 cm ³ , surface area S2 = 287 cm ² , solidification modulus M2 = 453/287 = 1.58 cm, and the solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = 3.48 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ). Accordingly, when the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is compared with the shape of the cylindrical feeder, the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 453/604 = 0.75, the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.05, and per unit volume. The ratio of the solidification modulus of K2 / K1 = 1.40.

  In other words, in the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, the solidification modulus is almost the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 25%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.4 times, and it can be seen that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. Thus, by using the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, it was possible to obtain a feeder effect equivalent to or higher than that of the columnar feeder of the prior art with a small volume. As a result, a significant improvement in casting yield was achieved.

  The calculation results are also shown for B = 1.2A and C = 1.2A. The ratio of the ellipsoidal feeder shape to the cylindrical feeder shape is the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 386/604. = 0.64, solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.0, and ratio of solidification modulus per unit volume K2 / K1 = 1.56. That is, in this case, in the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder, the solidification modulus is the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 36%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.56 times, and it can be understood that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. This result means that as the shape of the ellipsoid is closer to the spherical body, that is, A = B = C, the hot water supply efficiency is increased. That is, it turns out that a spherical body has the highest hot-water supply efficiency. Which shape is adopted is determined in consideration of the shape and height of the product part.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram in the case of A = 4.0 (1.0), B = 5.2 (1.3), and C = 3.2 (0.8). FIG. 3 is a diagram in the case of A = 4.0 (1.0), B = 3.2 (0.8), and C = 3.2 (0.8). = 4.0 (1.0), B = 4.0 (1.0), C = 5.2 (1.3). In this way, by arbitrarily changing A, B, and C, it is possible to make an ellipsoid-shaped feeder of any shape. Moreover, in FIG. 4, the part 3 of a dam and the product part 4 are also displayed, and this is how to use the actual hot water. The basic shape of FIGS. 1 to 3 is also used in the same configuration. In addition, although it used as a side feeder in a present Example, it can use similarly also in a deep-fried feeder.

  Next, the basic shape of the hot water using means 2 will be described. The comparison object of calculation similarly made the shape of the cylindrical feeder of the prior art 8 cm in diameter and 12 cm in height. On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows the result of comparing the basic features of the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder when the dimensional ratios of A, B, and C are variously changed with the cylindrical feeder. Subscript 1 indicates a conventional cylindrical feeder, and suffix 2 indicates an ellipsoidal feeder according to the present invention. In this calculation, the dimensions of A, B, and C are changed so that the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 is approximately 1.0.

  As can be seen from this figure, even if B is changed in the range of B = (0.8 to 1.3) A and C is changed in the range of C = (0.8 to 1.3) A, an appropriate size is obtained. It can be seen that if the dimensions A, B, and C are selected, about 33 to 39% of the reduction of the hot water can be obtained compared to the conventional cylindrical hot water shape. That is, if the shape of the feeder is in an arbitrary shape within the dimensional ratio range of A, B, and C, a large reduction in the feeder can be achieved. Therefore, an ellipsoid P (5) displayed with A, B = 0.8A, C = 0.8A, and an ellipsoid Q (6) displayed with A, B = 1.3A, C = 1.3A. The hot water of an arbitrary shape between the two has almost the same heat retention as P and Q, and a large reduction of the hot water can be obtained as well. That is, the shape of the hot water is high. The shapes of the ellipsoid P (5) and ellipsoid Q (6) are shown in FIG. The basic shape of the arbitrarily shaped hot-water feeder formed between the two ellipsoids P and Q can be an appropriate shape of the hot-water feeder corresponding to the shape of various product parts, the design arrangement, etc. The shape of the hot water is higher than that of the first means.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment in which the means 3 is used. In this example, the shape of the feeder in which the shape of the feeder is A = B = C, that is, a spherical body, in the ellipsoid described in the means 1 will be described. This example is the most specific shape of an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² , and means a spherical body.

Also in this case, A = B = C = 4.5 cm, the same calculation as in Example 1 is performed, and a comparison value with the shape of the columnar hot water feeder of the prior art is shown as follows. Volume V2 = 381 cm ³ , surface area S2 = 254 cm ² , solidification modulus M2 = 381/254 = 1.50 cm, solidification modulus per unit volume K2 = 3.94 × 10 ⁻³ (cm / cm ³ ). Therefore, when comparing the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder and the shape of the cylindrical feeder, the volume ratio V2 / V1 = 381/604 = 0.63, the solidification modulus ratio M2 / M1 = 1.0, and per unit volume. The ratio of the solidification moduli of K2 / K1 = 1.60.

  That is, in the basic shape of the spherical feeder, the solidification modulus is substantially the same as that of the cylindrical feeder, and the feeder volume is reduced by about 37%. Further, in terms of the solidification modulus per unit volume, the ratio is 1.6 times, and it can be understood that the shape of the ellipsoidal feeder is far superior in the efficiency of the feeder per unit volume. Thus, by using the shape of the spherical feeder, it was possible to obtain the same or higher feeder effect with a small volume as compared with the shape of the columnar feeder of the prior art. As a result, a significant improvement in casting yield was achieved.

  In the above calculation, A = B = C, and the calculation for the shape of a complete spherical feeder is shown. However, in the actual application, the shape is adjusted to some extent from the complete spherical shape. However, since the effect of the hot water is the same, it is only necessary to have a substantially spherical body within this range. Moreover, the parting surface in the model of the hot water does not have to be the center of the spherical body, and may be appropriately moved up and down. Usually, it is advantageous for raising the molten metal head that the parting surface is downward, the upper die is high, and the lower die is low.

  FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the YZ plane of FIG. In this figure, the position of the parting surface 2 of the mold is lowered below the center line 7 in the height direction of the spherical body as an example of practical use of the spherical body feeder 1. An appropriate draft gradient 8 is provided. In addition, a V-groove 10 is provided in the hot water top portion 9 for inducing the shrinkage of the hot water. As described above, the basic shape of the feeder of the present invention is usually used with appropriate modifications. In addition, when the height of the feeder is insufficient, an appropriately sized cylinder may be provided on the upper part of the basic shape of the feeder. This is exactly the same in the columnar feeder of the prior art.

  A fourth embodiment using the means 4 is shown in FIGS. In this example, when pouring the molten metal using the shape of the hot water described in the means 1 to 3, the amount of pouring is a volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring port from the volume of all the cavities. A casting method characterized by the following will be described.

  FIG. 9 shows a cylindrical feeder used in the prior art, and all the cavities are composed of a product part 4, a weir part 3, a feeder 1, a runner 11, a gate 12, and a gate cup 13. The molten metal 14 is poured into the mold as usual. In this case, the molten metal is poured almost up to the upper surface of the spout cup. In this case, the molten metal head acting on the product part 4 and the basic shape 1 of the feeder is indicated by H1. FIG. 10 shows a state where the molten metal 14 is reduced and poured using the spherical body feeder 1 of the present invention. The amount of pouring is not more than the volume obtained by subtracting ½ of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring spout from the volume of all the cavities. In this case, the melt head acting on the basic shape of the product portion 14 and the feeder is indicated by about H2, and H2 is smaller than H1.

  In the conventional feeder, since the height H is set to be 1.5 to 2 times as high as the diameter, the upper surface of the molten metal of the spout cup 13 should not be lower than the feeder. In addition, as a basic idea that a sufficient molten metal head is used for the pouring hot water, the pouring amount was poured so as to almost fill the pouring cup. On the other hand, in the molten metal of this means, the height of the hot metal is as low as 0.8 to 1.3 times the diameter. Therefore, the height satisfying the sprue cup is lowered to lower the molten metal head applied to the hot water, Induction of the top of the hot water is induced, so that the atmospheric pressure is fully effective. This is because when the molten metal head is too high, the top 9 of the molten metal is strongly pressed against the mold and is in close contact with each other, heat transfer is accelerated and solidification is accelerated. This is because it has been found that the decrease in the temperature.

  Therefore, it is better to keep the molten metal head below a certain value. This is one feature of the present invention. The guideline is a value that is equal to or less than the volume obtained by subtracting 1/2 of the volume of the pouring cup that is the pouring spout from the volume of all the cavities. Of course, the upper limit value of the volume to be reduced is naturally determined by the height of the product part and the shape height of the feeder.

  Thus, when using the hot water of the present invention, it is possible to pour by reducing the amount of pouring, and in addition to reducing the molten metal due to the shape of the hot water, it is possible to reduce the molten metal in the spout cup portion, Reduction has been achieved.

Effect of the invention

  As described above, the present invention provides a shape of a hot water base that is based on a novel ellipsoidal shape with respect to the shape of a conventional cylindrical water feeder, While the solidification modulus, that is, the heat retaining property as a feeder, is made equal, the molten metal can be greatly reduced, and the casting yield is greatly improved. As a result, we were able to contribute greatly to power reduction, which is an urgent problem in the casting industry.

  It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 1 of the present invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is another three-dimensional perspective view which shows Example 1 of this invention.   It is a calculation result which shows the effect of Example 2 of this invention.   It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 2 of the present invention.   It is a three-dimensional perspective view showing Example 3 of the present invention.   It is sectional drawing which shows Example 3 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows the Example of a prior art contrasted with Example 4 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows Example 4 of this invention.   It is a figure which shows an example of the deep-fried hot water of a prior art.   It is a figure which shows an example of the side feeder of a prior art.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basic shape of feeder 2 Cut part 3 Weir part 4 Product part 5 Ellipsoid P 6 Ellipsoid Q 7 Center line of height direction of spherical body 8 Draft slope 9 Top part of feeder 10 V groove 11 Runway 12 Spout bar 13 Mouth cup 14 Molten metal 15 Raised hot water 16 Side hot water

Claims (4)

The shape of the feeder used for casting, and the basic shape of the feeder, excluding the weir part, is X and Y in the direction parallel to the parting surface of the mold, and A and B, respectively, perpendicular to the parting surface. Is an ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ^2, where C is the radius in the Z (height) direction of the various directions, and B = (0.8 to 1 .3) The shape of the feeder, wherein A and C = (0.8 to 1.3) A. The ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² according to claim 1, wherein the basic shape of the feeder is an ellipse represented by B = 0.8A and C = 0.8A. The shape of the hot-water supply which is an arbitrary shape comprised between the body P and the ellipsoid Q shown by B = 1.3A and C = 1.3A. The ellipsoid defined by X ² / A ² + Y ² / B ² + Z ² / C ² according to claim 1 is characterized in that the basic shape of the feeder is substantially A = B = C, that is, a spherical body. The shape of the hot water to be used.   When pouring the molten metal using the shape of the hot water supply according to claims 1 to 3, the amount of pouring is set to a volume obtained by subtracting ½ of the volume of the pouring cup as a pouring spout from the volume of all the cavities. A casting method characterized by the above.