JP2015214888A - Small water power generation method, small water power generation unit, and small water power generation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generation method, a power generation unit and a power generation facility for generating electric energy by using not a large-scale device but by using the channel width of an aqueduct effectively with a small amount of fluctuation of water.SOLUTION: A power generation method comprises: a first step of reserving flowing water in a water bath; a second step of discharging the water as said water bath is inclined by the water of a predetermined amount stored in said water bath; and a third step of restoring the state of the first step as said water bath is inclined in an opposite direction by the water discharged from said water bath, so that an electric energy is generated by the action of the water bath at said second step.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for generating electrical energy by effectively utilizing the width of a water channel without waste for a water channel having a small amount of water fluctuation, such as an agricultural irrigation channel taken from a river.

  Rotating water turbine type small hydroelectric power generation is known in which a water turbine is arranged in an agricultural irrigation channel taken from a river, and power is generated by utilizing the rotation of the water turbine. For example, Patent Document 1 uses a water turbine for power generation in which a plurality of horizontal straight blades are arranged on a circumference centered on a horizontal axis, the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal straight blade is a reshape, and the top of the reshape By reducing the resistance at the time of landing by landing on the water surface from the water, and by the reaction force generated by providing a separate ridge and receiving the falling water from the ridge in the concave portion of the mold, the rotational force of the turbine, That is, the proposal of improving power generation efficiency by increasing the rotational energy of a water turbine is shown.

JP 2008-190396 A

  However, in the case of the rotary turbine type small hydroelectric power generation, if the turbine is to be installed over the entire channel width, the entire turbine must be enlarged, and the turbine is rotated only by the energy of the water flow due to the heavy load of the device. There is a difficulty that can not be. Therefore, the water wheel must be a small one that has been widely used in the past, and therefore, most of the water flowing through the water channel passes through both sides of the water wheel. Therefore, the ratio of the amount of electrical energy related to power generation to the total amount of water energy flowing through the water channel (power generation efficiency) is quite low.

  In addition, if a separate dredging is to be installed, it is necessary to take water from the upstream side that is considerably distant because the flow gradient of the water channel is small, and it is necessary to install a large additional facility, so the entire power generator is large. And it is not feasible. Furthermore, if water is pumped up from the vicinity of the waterway, it is offset by the power consumption for that purpose, and is not consistent with the original idea of utilizing natural energy.

  In addition, the structure that rotates the water wheel is easily affected by dust such as driftwood flowing in the waterway.For example, after heavy rain or a typhoon, there are frequent troubles that the rotation stops due to entanglement of hail and twigs flowing from the upstream. To do.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and its purpose is to effectively utilize the width of the water channel without waste without using a large-scale device for a water channel with small fluctuations in water volume. An object is to provide a power generation method, a power generation apparatus, and a power generation facility that generate energy.

  The present invention includes a first step of storing flowing water in a water tank, a second step of draining the water tank tilted by storing water of a predetermined amount or more in the water tank, and draining water from the water tank. This is a power generation method that includes a third step in which the water tank is tilted in the opposite direction and returns to the state of the first step, and generates electric energy by the tilting operation of the water tank generated in the second step.

  The operation of tilting the water tank in the second step is preferably caused by movement of the center of gravity due to the accumulation of water in the water tank.

  When applying the present invention to a wide water channel, a plurality of the water tanks are arranged in the width direction of the water channel, and the repeated operation from the first process to the third process is performed at different timings, thereby It is preferable that the generation is performed continuously.

  Since each step of the method of the present invention starts with a step of storing water in the aquarium, the purpose of performing this step properly is to add as much water as necessary to the aquarium as quickly as possible. It is preferable to provide a weir in the water channel so as to reliably receive the falling water from the weir.

  A device suitable for carrying out each method of the present invention includes a water tank part capable of storing water, and an operation in which the water tank part tilts and drains when water of a predetermined amount or more is stored in the water tank part. An operating unit to perform, and a generator that operates in response to operation in the direction of drainage in the operating unit.

  The operating part is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pipe, a hydraulic controller, a hydraulic motor, and a planetary gear for speed increase. The hydraulic cylinder receives the force when the water tank part is inclined in the direction of drainage. It is preferable to drive the hydraulic motor and operate a generator connected to the hydraulic motor via the speed increasing planetary gear.

  In addition, the hydraulic system may be changed to the mechanical system in consideration of increasing the accuracy of the power transmission path and the component parts and improving the performance of the operation method. Specifically, the operating part is composed of a fan-shaped gear, a one-way clutch built-in axle, a flywheel, and a two-stage speed increasing gear, and the fan-shaped gear is moved by the operation of tilting the water tank part in the direction of drainage. The flywheel may be rotated, and the generator may be operated by this rotation.

  From the viewpoint of efficiently performing the tilting operation of the water tank, the power generator of the present invention preferably includes a weight for returning the posture to the water tank portion.

  From the viewpoint of improving the total amount of power generation and the continuity of power generation, a plurality of power generation facilities having the power generation device of the present invention are preferably provided in the width direction of the water channel.

  It is preferable that the power generation equipment of the present invention continuously generates electric energy by repeatedly operating the plurality of power generation devices at different timings.

  Since the present invention is a method of generating electricity using the action of tilting the water tank when storing a predetermined amount or more of water in the water tank and draining it at once, without causing an increase in the size of the device and various parts. The power generation efficiency can be improved and the small amount of water can be utilized with high efficiency.

The top view of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention. The side view of the electric power generating apparatus in case power transmission is a hydraulic system. The side view of the electric power generating apparatus in case power transmission is a mechanical system. The top view of the power generation equipment of this invention. Schematic of the electric power generation method of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 is a top view of the power generator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the power generator of the present invention when the power transmission is a hydraulic system.

  The power generation device of the present invention includes a water tank unit 1 that can receive and store water flowing through a water channel, and the water tank unit 1 tilts and drains when the water of a predetermined amount or more is stored. And when drainage is completed, it is comprised so that the attitude | position return | restoring to the original state inclines in the direction opposite to the direction which the said water tank part 1 drains.

  In addition, the power generation device of the present invention includes an operating unit 2 and a generator 3. The operation part 2 performs the operation | movement which the said water tank part 1 inclines and drains by storing the water more than predetermined amount in the said water tank part 1, and the generator 3 operates in the said draining direction in the said operation part 2. Receive and operate to generate electricity.

  The water tank unit 1 is a water tank that can store water flowing through an irrigation water channel 14 for agriculture. In order to effectively use the width of the water channel without waste, the water tank is a pedestal 13 with respect to the width direction of the water channel. It is installed in a state sandwiched between. The material of the water tank is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of stainless steel in consideration of durability, and more preferably fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in consideration of weight reduction and reduction of extra inertial force.

  As for the operation of tilting the water tank, when water of a predetermined amount or more is stored in the water tank section 1, the water tank section 1 tilts and drains, and when drainage is performed, the water tank section 1 tilts and returns to its original state. If possible, there is no particular limitation. Further, in consideration of the fact that the posture can be returned, the water tank portion 1 is preferably provided with a posture returning weight 12 so that the upstream side of the water flow becomes heavy around the water tank holding shaft 16.

  The operating unit 2 includes a hydraulic cylinder 7, a hydraulic pipe 8, a hydraulic controller 9, a hydraulic motor 10, and a speed increasing planetary gear 11.

  The hydraulic cylinder 7 reciprocates the cylinder by hydraulic pressure, and there are a single-acting type, a double-acting type, and a special type, but it is sufficient to use a commercially available one, and it is not particularly limited.

  The hydraulic pipe 8 is a flow path for flowing hydraulic oil that performs hydraulic operation, and there are various types of materials such as a steel pipe, a stainless steel pipe, and a high-pressure rubber hose. Generally, a steel pipe or a high-pressure rubber hose is used.

  The hydraulic oil is preferably an environment-friendly flame-retardant hydraulic oil (for example, Quint Brick 822-200 manufactured by Nippon Quaker Chemical Co., Ltd.) in consideration of the environmental impact on the irrigation canal for agriculture.

  The hydraulic controller 9 is a hydraulic control valve for controlling the hydraulic pressure, and there are generally various types such as a pressure control valve, a flow rate control valve, and a direction control valve. However, it is sufficient to use a commercially available control valve, and there is a particular limitation. Is not to be done.

  The hydraulic motor 10 is not particularly limited as long as it is a commercially available one that rotates the drive shaft by hydraulic pressure.

  The speed increasing planetary gear 11 is not particularly limited as long as a plurality of planetary gears rotate around the sun gear and rotate to increase the speed by revolving.

  The hydraulic cylinder 7 receives the force when the water tank unit 1 drains, and the generated hydraulic pressure drives the hydraulic motor 10, and the electric power is generated by the generator 3 connected to the hydraulic motor 10 via the speed increasing planetary gear 11. Can be obtained.

  In order to increase the accuracy of the power transmission path and components in the apparatus of the present invention and to improve the performance of the operation method, the power transmission method is a mechanical method using gears instead of a hydraulic method using a hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic piping. You may change to

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the power generator of the present invention when the power transmission is a mechanical system.
Specifically, the operating unit 2 includes a sector gear 4, an axle 5 with a built-in one-way clutch, a flywheel 6, and a two-stage speed increasing gear (not shown).

  The sector gear 4 is not particularly limited as long as it is a sector gear generally used for power transmission.

  The one-way clutch built-in axle 5 is an axle connecting the fan-shaped gear 4, the flywheel 6, and the two-stage speed increasing gear, and is generally a ratchet type used for power transmission (the rotation direction is limited to one direction). If it is an axle of this, it will not be restrict | limited in particular.

  The flywheel 6 is a mechanical element having a function of stabilizing the movement of the rotating mechanism, and is generally not particularly limited as long as it is a flywheel used for power transmission.

  The two-stage speed-up gear is not particularly limited as long as it is a gear that can increase the number of rotations in two stages generally used for power transmission.

  The rotational force transmitted to the fan gear 4 rotates the flywheel 6 through the one-way clutch built-in axle 5. Then, the rotational force of the flywheel 6 is further increased by the two-stage speed increasing gear, whereby the generator 3 is driven to generate electric energy.

  In addition, in the power generator of the present invention, a power generation facility in which the power generator is modularized is configured from the viewpoint of adapting to the width of individual water channels of different sizes, and improving the total power generation amount and the continuity of power generation. It is preferable to do.

  FIG. 4 shows a top view of the power generation facility of the present invention. Specifically, a plurality of power generators are provided in the width direction of the water channel. In this configuration, for example, by adding a time control mechanism such as a timer to the operating unit 2, it becomes possible to repeatedly operate by shifting the timing of drainage of each of the plurality of water tanks, and to generate electric energy. Can be done continuously.

  Next, a power generation method for generating electrical energy according to the present invention will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG.

  The power generation method of the present invention includes the following three steps.

  First, in the first step, water flowing in an agricultural irrigation channel is stored in a water tank. Here, the amount and speed of the flowing water are not particularly relevant in carrying out the present invention.

  Next, in the second step, when the water stored in the water tank is stored more than a predetermined amount of water, the water tank is inclined and drained. That is, as the amount of water in the aquarium gradually increases, the center of gravity of the aquarium gradually tilts toward the downstream side, and when the amount of water exceeds a predetermined amount, the water is drained all at once.

  Subsequently, in the third step, the water tank drained in the second step tilts and returns to the state of the first step. Here, the water tank inclines in the third process is caused by the movement of the center of gravity accompanying the drainage of the water stored in the water tank in the second process.

  And it becomes possible to produce | generate electrical energy by the operation | movement which the said water tank produced in said 2nd process inclines.

  By developing the idea of the present invention, it is also possible to make further electric energy generation invention by utilizing the tilting operation of the water tank in the third step.

  Further, by arranging a plurality of water tanks in the width direction of the water channel and repeating the operations from the first process to the third process at different timings, it is possible to continuously generate electric energy.

  Furthermore, in consideration of the difficulty and cost in installing the device, the water tank is provided downstream of the weir structure provided in the water channel (in the drawing, the drop installation weir 15) to generate electric energy. It is desirable to do it.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water tank part 2 Operating part 3 Generator 4 Fan-shaped gear 5 One-way clutch built-in axle 6 Flywheel 7 Hydraulic cylinder 8 Hydraulic piping 9 Hydraulic controller 10 Hydraulic motor 11 Planetary gear for speed increase 12 Weight 13 Base part 14 Agricultural waterway 15 Head installation Weir 16 Aquarium holding shaft

Claims (10)

  The first step of storing flowing water in the water tank, the second step of draining the water tank tilted by storing water in a predetermined amount or more in the water tank, and draining water from the water tank, A power generation method comprising: a third step that tilts in the opposite direction and returns to the state of the first step, and generates electric energy by the operation of the water tank in the second step.   2. The power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the operation of tilting the water tank in the second step is caused by movement of a center of gravity due to accumulation of water in the water tank.   The generation of electrical energy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of the water tanks are arranged in the width direction of the water channel, and the repetitive operation from the first step to the third step is performed at different timings to generate electric energy. Power generation method.   The power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the water tank is installed on a downstream side of a weir structure provided in a water channel, and an overflow from the weir is dropped into the water tank.   A water tank part that can store water, an operation part that performs the operation of draining the water tank part by tilting by storing water of a predetermined amount or more in the water tank part, and operation in the drain direction in the operation part. And a generator that receives and operates.   The operating part is composed of a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pipe, a hydraulic controller, a hydraulic motor, and a planetary gear for speed increase, and is generated by receiving a force when the water tank part is tilted in the direction of drainage by the hydraulic cylinder. 6. The power generator according to claim 5, wherein hydraulic pressure drives the hydraulic motor to operate the generator connected to the hydraulic motor via the speed increasing planetary gear.   The operating part is composed of a fan-shaped gear, a one-way clutch built-in axle, a flywheel, and a two-stage speed increasing gear, and the fan-shaped gear rotates the flywheel by an operation in which the water tank part tilts in the direction of drainage. The generator according to claim 5, wherein the generator is operated by the rotation.   The power generator according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the water tank portion includes a weight for returning the posture.   A power generation facility in which a plurality of power generation devices according to any one of claims 5 to 8 are provided in a width direction of a water channel.   The power generation facility according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of power generation devices are repeatedly operated at different timings to continuously generate electric energy.

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