JP2015209770A - Method for starting engine work machine - Google Patents

Method for starting engine work machine Download PDF

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JP2015209770A
JP2015209770A JP2014089874A JP2014089874A JP2015209770A JP 2015209770 A JP2015209770 A JP 2015209770A JP 2014089874 A JP2014089874 A JP 2014089874A JP 2014089874 A JP2014089874 A JP 2014089874A JP 2015209770 A JP2015209770 A JP 2015209770A
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engine
work machine
starting
circuit
preheating
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JP6297908B2 (en
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田中　克明
Katsuaki Tanaka
克明 田中
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Nippon Sharyo Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for starting engine work machine capable of positively starting an engine through a simple operation.SOLUTION: This invention relates to a method for starting an engine work machine comprising an automatic starting device 10 for automatically starting the engine for driving a work machine through an external signal. The automatic starting device 10 comprises a timer circuit 13, a pre-heating circuit 14 and a cranking circuit 15. The timer circuit 13 includes a capacitor C1, starts pre-heating through inputting of an external signal for starting the engine, starts pre-heating and at the same time starts to charge for the capacitor C1, finishes the pre-heating upon elapsing a predetermined time and performs a cranking operation while a certain interval being kept upon finishing of the preheating operation.

Description

本発明は、エンジン作業機の始動方法に関し、詳しくは、発電機、油圧ポンプ、コンプレッサ等の作業機を駆動するエンジンを外部信号で自動的に始動させる自動始動装置を備えたエンジン作業機の始動方法に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for starting an engine work machine, and more particularly, to start an engine work machine having an automatic start device that automatically starts an engine that drives the work machine such as a generator, a hydraulic pump, and a compressor by an external signal. Regarding the method.

震災時の避難所等で使用される可搬式エンジン発電機といったエンジン作業機は、エンジン始動時に、まずキースイッチをＡＣＣの位置にして予熱を開始させ、予熱ランプの表示終了後に、キースイッチを回してクランキングを行い、エンジンが起動したことを確認した後にキースイッチを放すことで始動させるタイプのものが一般的である。しかしながら、避難所等ではエンジン作業機の操作に不慣れな者が始動させなければならない場合も多い。そこで、運転制御の進行状況を明確に視覚表示することのできるエンジン作業機が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。   Engine work machines, such as portable engine generators used in evacuation shelters in the event of an earthquake, start preheating with the key switch set to the ACC position when starting the engine, and after the preheating lamp display ends, press the key switch. Generally, it is a type of cranking that is turned to start the engine by releasing the key switch after confirming that the engine has started. However, there are many cases where a person unfamiliar with the operation of the engine working machine has to start in an evacuation center or the like. Thus, an engine work machine has been proposed that can clearly display the progress of operation control visually (see Patent Document 1).

特開２００７−６４００４号公報JP 2007-64004 A

しかしながら、特許文献１のエンジン作業機では、現在の進行状況は把握できるとしても、始動プロセスを十分に理解していない場合には、次の操作に手動で移行するのに戸惑ってしまう場合がある。また、寒冷地等で予熱時間が長く、予熱ランプがなかなか消灯しない場合には、不慣れな作業者にとっては故障したと勘違いをしてしまい、不安を抱いてしまうおそれがある。   However, in the engine working machine of Patent Document 1, even if the current progress can be grasped, if the start process is not fully understood, it may be confused to manually shift to the next operation. . Also, if the preheating time is long and the preheating lamp does not turn off easily in a cold district or the like, it may be misunderstood by the unfamiliar worker as having failed and may be anxious.

そこで、本発明は、操作する者が運転始動スイッチを押すなどの１つの操作だけで、確実にエンジンを始動させることのできるエンジン作業機の始動方法を提供することを目的としている。   Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for starting an engine work machine that can start an engine reliably by only one operation such as an operator pressing a driving start switch.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明のエンジン作業機の始動方法は、作業機を駆動するエンジンを外部信号で自動的に始動させる自動始動装置を備えたエンジン作業機の始動方法において、前記自動始動装置は、タイマー回路と予熱回路とクランキング回路とを備え、該タイマー回路はコンデンサを備え、エンジンを始動させる外部信号の入力によって、予熱を開始するとともに、前記コンデンサへの充電を開始し、あらかじめ定められた時間が経過したら予熱を終了し、予熱終了後にインターバルを設けてクランキングを行うことを特徴としている。   To achieve the above object, an engine work machine start method according to the present invention is the engine work machine start method including an automatic start device that automatically starts an engine that drives the work machine with an external signal. The apparatus includes a timer circuit, a preheating circuit, and a cranking circuit, and the timer circuit includes a capacitor, starts preheating by input of an external signal for starting the engine, starts charging the capacitor, Preheating is terminated when a predetermined time has elapsed, and cranking is performed with an interval after preheating.

また、前記インターバルは、機械式リレーの接点動作遅れによりなされることが好ましく、エンジンを停止させる外部信号が入力されたら、前記コンデンサを放電させることが好ましい。さらに、前記エンジンを始動させる外部信号及び前記エンジンを停止させる外部信号は、運転・停止スイッチのＯＮ−ＯＦＦによって入力されることを特徴としている。   The interval is preferably set due to a delay in contact operation of the mechanical relay, and the capacitor is preferably discharged when an external signal for stopping the engine is input. Further, the external signal for starting the engine and the external signal for stopping the engine are inputted by ON / OFF of an operation / stop switch.

本発明のエンジン作業機の始動方法によれば、予熱終了からクランキングまでにインターバルを設けていることにより、バッテリー電圧が一時的に回復し、コンデンサへの充電容量が増すため、タイマーのプログラムが途中で中断したりすることなく、クランキング中の必要電圧を確保することができるため、確実にエンジンを始動することができる。   According to the engine work machine start method of the present invention, since an interval is provided from the end of preheating to cranking, the battery voltage is temporarily recovered and the charging capacity of the capacitor is increased. Since the necessary voltage during cranking can be ensured without interruption in the middle, the engine can be started reliably.

また、機械式リレーの接点動作遅れを利用することによりインターバルを設けているので複雑な制御プログラムを必要としない。さらに、エンジンを停止させる外部信号が入力されたらコンデンサを放電させることによって、エンジン停止後すぐにエンジンを始動させる外部信号が入力されてもタイマー回路が最初から起動することが可能となる。   Further, since the interval is provided by utilizing the contact operation delay of the mechanical relay, a complicated control program is not required. Further, by discharging the capacitor when an external signal for stopping the engine is input, the timer circuit can be started from the beginning even when an external signal for starting the engine is input immediately after the engine is stopped.

さらに、エンジンの始動及び停止の外部信号を運転・停止スイッチのＯＮ−ＯＦＦスイッチによって入力されることにより、作業者がスイッチを押すという一つの動作のみでエンジンを始動させることができるため、予熱の必要性といった知識のない不慣れな作業者にとっても容易に操作することができる。   Furthermore, by inputting an external signal for starting and stopping the engine through the ON / OFF switch of the operation / stop switch, the engine can be started only by one operation of the operator pressing the switch. Even an inexperienced worker who has no knowledge of necessity can easily operate.

本発明のエンジン作業機の始動方法を実施するエンジン作業機の運転操作パネルの図である。It is a figure of the driving | operation operation panel of the engine working machine which implements the starting method of the engine working machine of this invention. 本発明のエンジン作業機の始動方法を実施するための自動始動装置の回路図である。状態）。It is a circuit diagram of the automatic starter for enforcing the starting method of the engine working machine of the present invention. State). 本発明のエンジン作業機の始動方法における始動までの状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state until the start in the starting method of the engine working machine of this invention.

本形態例では、エンジン作業機としてディーゼルエンジンによって発電機を駆動するエンジン発電機を自動始動装置１０によって始動する方法を図１乃至図３を用いて説明する。
図２に示すように、本形態例の自動始動装置１０は、運転・停止スイッチ１１と、ブザー回路１２と、タイマー回路１３と、予熱回路１４と、クランキング回路１５とを備えている。 In this embodiment, a method of starting an engine generator that drives a generator by a diesel engine as an engine working machine by using the automatic starter 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the automatic starter 10 of this embodiment includes an operation / stop switch 11, a buzzer circuit 12, a timer circuit 13, a preheating circuit 14, and a cranking circuit 15.

なお、図３では、上から順に、運転・停止スイッチ１１、予熱回路１４、クランキング回路１５のＯＮ・ＯＦＦ状態を示す（下側のベースラインがＯＦＦ状態、上側のラインがＯＮ状態をそれぞれ示す）とともに、タイマー回路１３の電圧の変化を下部側に示している。   In FIG. 3, the ON / OFF states of the operation / stop switch 11, the preheating circuit 14, and the cranking circuit 15 are shown in order from the top (the lower base line indicates the OFF state, and the upper line indicates the ON state, respectively. ) And the change in the voltage of the timer circuit 13 is shown on the lower side.

図１はエンジン作業機の運転操作パネル１を示すものである。始動操作手順を開始させるために作業者は、運転・停止スイッチ１１を押し、ＯＮ状態にする（図３における時間０）。なお、運転・停止スイッチ１１をＯＮ状態にすることが、本発明における自動始動装置１０にエンジンを始動させる外部信号となる。   FIG. 1 shows a driving operation panel 1 of an engine working machine. In order to start the starting operation procedure, the worker presses the operation / stop switch 11 to turn it on (time 0 in FIG. 3). Note that turning the operation / stop switch 11 to the ON state is an external signal for causing the automatic starter 10 according to the present invention to start the engine.

運転・停止スイッチ１１がＯＮ状態になると、運転・停止スイッチのランプ（Ｌ）１１ａが点灯するとともに、第１リレー（ＲＹＰ１）１６が作動し、スイッチ１６ａがＯＮ状態になるとともに、タイマー回路１３に設けられたスイッチ１６ｂがＯＦＦ状態となる。   When the operation / stop switch 11 is turned on, the lamp (L) 11a of the operation / stop switch is turned on, the first relay (RYP1) 16 is activated, the switch 16a is turned on, and the timer circuit 13 is turned on. The provided switch 16b is turned off.

スイッチ１６ａがＯＮ状態になることで、バッテリー１７の電流がブザー回路１２に流れて運転準備中を知らせるブザーが鳴るとともに、タイマー回路１３に流れて、タイマー回路１３に設けられたコンデンサ（Ｃ１）の充電を開始させ、タイマーリレー（ＲＹＴ１）２０があらかじめ定められた時間（図３におけるｔ１）のカウントを開始する。   When the switch 16a is turned on, the current of the battery 17 flows to the buzzer circuit 12 to sound a buzzer notifying that the operation is being prepared, and also flows to the timer circuit 13 and the capacitor (C1) provided in the timer circuit 13 Charging is started, and the timer relay (RYT1) 20 starts counting a predetermined time (t1 in FIG. 3).

また、同時に予熱回路１４にも電流が流れ、グローリレー１８が作動し、スイッチ１８ａがＯＮ状態になりグロープラグ１９に電源が供給され、予熱が開始される。   At the same time, a current also flows through the preheating circuit 14, the glow relay 18 is activated, the switch 18a is turned on, power is supplied to the glow plug 19, and preheating is started.

上述した時間ｔ１が経過すると、タイマー回路１３に設けられたタイマーリレー（ＲＹＴ１）２０が作動し、予熱回路１４に設けられたスイッチ２０ａがＯＦＦ状態となり、予熱が終了するとともに、スイッチ２０ｂがＯＮ状態となり、第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１が作動する。   When the above-described time t1 has elapsed, the timer relay (RYT1) 20 provided in the timer circuit 13 is activated, the switch 20a provided in the preheating circuit 14 is turned off, preheating is finished, and the switch 20b is turned on. Thus, the second relay (RYP2) 21 is activated.

第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１は機械式リレーであることから、第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１が時間ｔ１で作動しても、１秒以内のわずかな時間であるが接点動作遅れが生じるため、スイッチ２１ａがＯＮ状態になるのは時間ｔ２となる。   Since the second relay (RYP2) 21 is a mechanical relay, even if the second relay (RYP2) 21 operates at time t1, a contact operation delay occurs in a short time within one second. It is time t2 that 21a is turned on.

スイッチ２１ａがＯＮ状態になると、クランキング回路１５に設けられたスタータリレー２２が作動して、スイッチ２２ａがスタータ２３側に切り替わり、スタータ２３が作動し、一定時間クランキングが行われる。   When the switch 21a is turned on, the starter relay 22 provided in the cranking circuit 15 is activated, the switch 22a is switched to the starter 23 side, the starter 23 is activated, and cranking is performed for a certain time.

クランキングによりエンジンが始動すると（図３におけるｔ３）、オルタネータ２４が作動して発電を開始する。オルタネータ２４が作動すると、第３リレー（ＲＹ７０）２５が作動し、スイッチ２５ａがＯＮ状態になり、ダイナモ発電状態となってバッテリー１７に充電を開始するとともに、スイッチ２５ｂがＯＦＦ状態となり、ブザー回路１２、タイマー回路１３、予熱回路１４、第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１への電源供給が遮断される。また、第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１への電源供給が遮断されることで、スイッチ２１ａがＯＦＦ状態となり、スタータリレー２２のスイッチ２２ａが切り替わることでクランキング回路１５への電源供給も遮断される。   When the engine is started by cranking (t3 in FIG. 3), the alternator 24 operates to start power generation. When the alternator 24 is activated, the third relay (RY70) 25 is activated, the switch 25a is turned on, the dynamo power generation state is entered, the battery 17 is charged, the switch 25b is turned off, and the buzzer circuit 12 is activated. The power supply to the timer circuit 13, the preheating circuit 14, and the second relay (RYP2) 21 is cut off. Further, the power supply to the second relay (RYP2) 21 is cut off, so that the switch 21a is turned off, and the switch 22a of the starter relay 22 is switched to cut off the power supply to the cranking circuit 15.

図３に示されるように、予熱回路１４がＯＦＦ状態になったｔ１からクランキング回路１５がＯＮ状態になるｔ２までの間は、機械式リレーである第２リレー（ＲＹＰ２）２１の接点動作遅れによるインターバルとなり、この間は予熱もクランキングも行われない。したがって、図３のタイマー回路１３の電圧に示されるように、ｔ１からｔ２までの間は、バッテリー電圧が一時的に回復し、コンデンサへの充電容量が増すことになる。また、クランキング中は、コンデンサＣ１からタイマーリレー（ＲＹＴ１）２０への給電が行われるため、電圧降下が小さく、最低許容電圧を下回らないことが分かる。さらにエンジン始動後は、バッテリー電圧である１２Ｖよりも高い電圧となった後に徐々に低下することとなるが、上述のようにスイッチ２５ｂがＯＦＦ状態となり、電源供給が遮断されていることから、制御プログラム等へ支障をきたすものではない。 通常、クランキング時にはバッテリー１７からスタータ２２に大電流が供給されるため、制御部の電圧が大きく降下する。消費電力の多い予熱とクランキングを同時に行ってしまうと電圧降下がさらに大きくなってしまい、タイマー回路１３が他のリレー類と比較して最低許容電圧が高いことから、プログラムが途中で中断してしまうおそれがあるが、上述のように、本形態例では予熱もクランキングも行われないインターバルが設けられ、クランキング中も予熱を行わないため、確実な始動プログラムが実行される。   As shown in FIG. 3, the contact operation delay of the second relay (RYP2) 21 which is a mechanical relay is from t1 when the preheating circuit 14 is turned off to t2 when the cranking circuit 15 is turned on. During this time, neither preheating nor cranking is performed. Therefore, as indicated by the voltage of the timer circuit 13 in FIG. 3, the battery voltage is temporarily recovered from t1 to t2, and the charging capacity of the capacitor is increased. In addition, during the cranking, since power is supplied from the capacitor C1 to the timer relay (RYT1) 20, it can be seen that the voltage drop is small and does not fall below the minimum allowable voltage. Further, after the engine starts, the voltage gradually decreases after the battery voltage becomes higher than 12V. However, as described above, the switch 25b is turned off and the power supply is cut off. It does not interfere with the program. Normally, a large current is supplied from the battery 17 to the starter 22 at the time of cranking, so that the voltage of the control unit greatly drops. If preheating and cranking with high power consumption are performed at the same time, the voltage drop will increase further, and the timer circuit 13 has a higher minimum allowable voltage than other relays. However, as described above, in the present embodiment, an interval in which neither preheating nor cranking is performed is provided, and since preheating is not performed during cranking, a reliable start program is executed.

また、運転・停止スイッチ１１をＯＦＦ状態にする（本発明における自動始動装置１０にエンジンを停止させる外部信号の入力）と、第１リレー（ＲＹＰ１）１６が非作動状態となり、タイマー回路１３に設けられたスイッチ１６ｂがＯＮ状態となり、抵抗Ｒ１がコンデンサＣ１に接続され、コンデンサＣ１を放電させる。コンデンサＣ１の残充電分を放電しないとすると、タイマー回路１３はコンデンサＣ１を電源として作動するおそれがあり、十分な予熱時間を得る前にクランキングを開始してしまう可能性があるが、上述のように放電させることにより、運転・停止スイッチ１１をＯＦＦ後にまたすぐＯＮ状態に戻しても、タイマー回路１３が最初から起動するので、誤作動がない。   Further, when the operation / stop switch 11 is turned off (input of an external signal for stopping the engine to the automatic starter 10 in the present invention), the first relay (RYP1) 16 is deactivated and provided in the timer circuit 13. The switch 16b is turned on, the resistor R1 is connected to the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C1 is discharged. If the remaining charge of the capacitor C1 is not discharged, the timer circuit 13 may operate using the capacitor C1 as a power source, and may start cranking before obtaining a sufficient preheating time. By discharging in this manner, even if the operation / stop switch 11 is returned to the ON state again after being turned off, the timer circuit 13 is started from the beginning, so that there is no malfunction.

なお、運転操作パネル１には、各種計器類や作業状態を示すランプ類が各種設けられているが、操作する者は、始動時及び停止時に運転・停止スイッチ１１を押す作業と、エンジン発電機に接続された各種機器に電源を供給するための遮断器２をＯＮにする作業とをすればよく、不慣れな者であっても始動操作を容易かつ確実に行うことができる。   The operation panel 1 is provided with various instruments and various lamps for indicating the working state. The operator operates the engine / generator by pressing the operation / stop switch 11 when starting and stopping. It is only necessary to turn on the circuit breaker 2 for supplying power to various devices connected to the device, and even an inexperienced person can easily and reliably perform the starting operation.

なお、本形態例では、予熱終了後からクランキング開始までのインターバルを機械式リレーの接点動作遅れを利用して設けているが、シーケンス等のプログラムで設定してもよい。また、外気温や冷却水温等の関係で、クランキングを行ってもエンジンが始動しない場合には、エンジンが始動するまで予熱とクランキングとを繰り返すように始動プログラムを設定すればよい。   In this embodiment, the interval from the end of preheating to the start of cranking is provided by using the contact operation delay of the mechanical relay, but it may be set by a program such as a sequence. Further, if the engine does not start even if cranking is performed due to the relationship between the outside air temperature, the cooling water temperature, etc., the start program may be set so that preheating and cranking are repeated until the engine starts.

１…運転操作パネル、２…遮断器スイッチ、１０…自動始動装置、１１…運転・停止スイッチ、１１ａ…ランプ、１２…ブザー回路、１３…タイマー回路、１４…予熱回路、１５…クランキング回路、１６…第１リレー、１６ａ，１６ｂ，１８ａ，２０ａ，２０ｂ，２１ａ，２２ａ，２５ａ，２５ｂ…スイッチ、１７…バッテリー、１８…グローリレー、１９…グロープラグ、２０…タイマーリレー、２１…第２リレー、２２…スタータリレー、２３…スタータ、２４…オルタネータ、２５…第３リレー、Ｃ１…コンデンサ、Ｒ１…抵抗   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Operation operation panel, 2 ... Circuit breaker switch, 10 ... Automatic start device, 11 ... Operation / stop switch, 11a ... Lamp, 12 ... Buzzer circuit, 13 ... Timer circuit, 14 ... Preheating circuit, 15 ... Cranking circuit, 16 ... 1st relay, 16a, 16b, 18a, 20a, 20b, 21a, 22a, 25a, 25b ... Switch, 17 ... Battery, 18 ... Glow relay, 19 ... Glow plug, 20 ... Timer relay, 21 ... 2nd relay , 22 ... starter relay, 23 ... starter, 24 ... alternator, 25 ... third relay, C1 ... capacitor, R1 ... resistance

Claims (4)

作業機を駆動するエンジンを外部信号で自動的に始動させる自動始動装置を備えたエンジン作業機の始動方法において、
前記自動始動装置は、タイマー回路と予熱回路とクランキング回路とを備え、
該タイマー回路はコンデンサを備え、
エンジンを始動させる外部信号の入力によって、予熱を開始するとともに、前記コンデンサへの充電を開始し、
あらかじめ定められた時間が経過したら予熱を終了し、
予熱終了後にインターバルを設けてクランキングを行うことを特徴とするエンジン作業機の始動方法。 In an engine work machine starting method including an automatic start device that automatically starts an engine that drives the work machine with an external signal,
The automatic starter includes a timer circuit, a preheating circuit, and a cranking circuit,
The timer circuit includes a capacitor,
With the input of an external signal for starting the engine, preheating is started and charging of the capacitor is started.
When the predetermined time has elapsed, the preheating is finished,
An engine work machine starting method, characterized in that cranking is performed with an interval after preheating is completed. 前記インターバルは、機械式リレーの接点動作遅れによりなされることを特徴とする請求項１記載のエンジン作業機の始動方法。 2. The engine work machine starting method according to claim 1, wherein the interval is determined by a contact operation delay of a mechanical relay. エンジンを停止させる外部信号が入力されたら、前記コンデンサを放電させることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のエンジン作業機の始動方法。 3. The engine work machine starting method according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor is discharged when an external signal for stopping the engine is input. 前記エンジンを始動させる外部信号及び前記エンジンを停止させる外部信号は、運転・停止スイッチのＯＮ−ＯＦＦによって入力されることを特徴とする請求項１乃至３のいずれか1項に記載のエンジン作業機の始動方法。 The engine working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an external signal for starting the engine and an external signal for stopping the engine are input by ON / OFF of an operation / stop switch. Starting method.
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