JP2015206493A - Steam generation device, and steam generation device cooperation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steam generation device and a steam generation device cooperation system capable of being operated in more proper states.SOLUTION: A steam generation device 10 including a waste heat source 200, a cooling water circulation line 220 in which cooling water for cooling the waste heat source 200 is circulated, a steam generation device body 11 producing low pressure steam while applying the cooling water as a heat source, and a flow rate regulation valve 19 for regulating a flow rate of the cooling water supplied to the steam generation device body 11, further includes a heat removal amount calculating portion 51 for calculating a requested heat removable amount as a heat amount permitted to be removed from the cooling water in the steam generation device body 11, an opening calculating portion 52 for calculating an opening of the flow rate regulation valve 19 on the basis of the requested heat removable amount calculated by the heat removable amount calculating portion 51, and a valve control portion 53 for controlling the flow rate regulation valve 19 to the opening calculated by the opening calculating portion 52.

Description

  The present invention relates to a steam generator and a steam generator linkage system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a steam generator that generates steam using a heat source fluid such as hot water as a heat source, and a steam generator cooperation system including a plurality of such steam generators.

  Conventionally, a steam generator that generates steam using a heat source fluid such as hot water as a heat source has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The low-pressure steam generated by such a steam generator is boosted by, for example, a steam booster and then supplied to steam-using equipment.

JP 2008-138924 A

  By the way, in such a steam generator, it is required to recover an appropriate amount of heat from a heat source. That is, when jacket cooling water such as a gas engine is used as a heat source, it is preferable that cooling water having an appropriate temperature is supplied to the gas engine. Therefore, the steam generator is required to recover heat so that the cooling water supplied to the gas engine has an appropriate temperature.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a steam generator and a steam generator linkage system that can be operated in a more favorable state.

  The present invention includes a waste heat source that generates waste heat, a cooling water circulation line through which cooling water that cools the waste heat source circulates, a steam generator main body that generates low-pressure steam using the cooling water as a heat source, and the steam generator A steam generation device comprising: a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting a flow rate of a heat source fluid supplied to the main body, wherein a required removal heat amount is a heat amount allowed to be removed from the cooling water in the steam generation device main body. A heat removal amount calculation unit to be calculated, an opening degree calculation unit that calculates the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve based on the required heat removal amount calculated by the removal heat amount calculation unit, and an opening degree calculated by the opening degree calculation unit And a valve control unit that controls the flow rate adjusting valve.

  Further, the present invention provides a steam generator comprising a plurality of steam generators, and a unit control unit that determines the number of the steam generators to be operated based on the required removal heat quantity calculated by the removal heat quantity calculation unit. The present invention relates to a device cooperation system.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the steam generator and the steam generator cooperation system which can be operated in a more suitable state can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam system containing the steam generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the steam generator cooperation system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a steam generator and a steam generator linkage system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, a steam system 1 including the steam generator according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The steam system 1 of the first embodiment includes a gas engine 200 as a waste heat source, a cooling water circulation line 220, a steam generator 10 that generates steam, and a steam booster that boosts the steam generated in the steam generator 10. A low pressure steam supply line 30 connecting the apparatus 20, the steam generator 10 and the steam booster 20, and a low pressure steam pressure measuring unit for measuring the pressure of the steam flowing through the low pressure steam supply line 30 (low pressure steam pressure) Low pressure steam pressure sensor 31, steam discharge line 40 through which the discharged steam discharged from the steam booster 20 flows, and discharge as a discharge steam pressure measuring unit that measures the pressure of the discharged steam flowing through the steam discharge line 40 A steam pressure sensor 41 and a controller 50 that controls the operation of the steam system 1 are provided. The “line” is a general term for a line capable of flowing a fluid such as a flow path, a path, and a pipe line.

The gas engine 200 generates power by driving gas as fuel.
The cooling water circulation line 220 circulates cooling water that cools the gas engine 200. The cooling water circulation line 220 is configured to supply hot water supply line 14 for supplying high-temperature cooling water (hot water), which has been heat-recovered in the gas engine 200, to a steam generator main body, which will be described later, and hot water discharged from the steam generator main body as gas A hot water discharge line 15 that supplies the engine 200, a bypass line 18 that bypasses the hot water supply line 14 and the hot water discharge line 15, and a second bypass line 155 that bypasses the hot water discharge line 15 are provided.

  A three-way valve 19 serving as a flow rate adjusting valve is disposed at a connection portion between the hot water supply line 14 and the bypass line 18. The three-way valve 19 adjusts the amount of hot water flowing from the hot water supply line 14 to the steam generator 10 side and the flow rate of hot water flowing to the bypass line 18 side. In the present embodiment, the three-way valve 19 is configured by a motor valve capable of adjusting the opening degree.

A cooler 151, a first temperature sensor 152, a second temperature sensor 153, and a flow meter 154 are arranged in the hot water discharge line 15.
The cooler 151 performs heat recovery from the hot water flowing through the hot water discharge line 15.
The first temperature sensor 152 is disposed on the upstream side of the cooler 151 in the warm water discharge line 15 and measures the temperature of warm water before being introduced into the cooler 151.
The second temperature sensor 153 is disposed on the downstream side of the cooler 151 in the warm water discharge line 15 and measures the temperature of the warm water after heat recovery in the cooler 151.
The flow meter 154 is disposed on the downstream side of the second temperature sensor 153 and measures the flow rate of hot water flowing through the hot water discharge line 15.

  The second bypass line 155 bypasses the upstream side and the downstream side of the cooler 151 in the hot water discharge line 15. In the present embodiment, the second bypass line 155 connects the upstream side of the first temperature sensor 152 and the downstream side of the flow meter 154 to bypass the cooler 151. A three-way valve 156 is disposed at a connection portion between the upstream side of the second bypass line 155 and the hot water discharge line 15. The three-way valve 156 switches the flow path of the hot water discharged from the steam generator main body and flowing through the hot water discharge line 15 to the cooler 151 side or the second bypass line 155 side.

  The steam generator 10 generates steam using a relatively low-temperature heat source fluid such as exhaust heat of jacket cooling water of the gas engine 200. The steam generator 10 includes a tank unit 11, a tube 12, and a spray nozzle 13 as a steam generator main body, a spray water supply line 16, and a makeup water line 17.

The tank part 11 constitutes a main body part in the steam generator 10. The inside of the tank unit 11 is maintained at a negative pressure or a low pressure (for example, about −0.05 MPaG to 0.1 MPaG), and steam is generated inside the tank unit 11. A base end portion of a low-pressure steam supply line 30 described later is connected to the upper portion of the tank portion 11.
The tank unit 11 is provided with a safety valve 32. When the pressure inside the tank unit 11 exceeds a predetermined pressure (set pressure), the safety valve 32 releases the steam to the outside and reduces the pressure inside the tank unit 11 (steam generating device 10).

  The tube 12 extends in the horizontal direction inside the tank portion 11. More specifically, a plurality of tubes 12 are arranged in the tank portion 11 with a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of tubes 12 are also arranged in the height direction with a predetermined interval. A distal end side of the hot water supply line 14 is connected to one end side (inlet side) of the tube 12, and a proximal end side of the hot water discharge line 15 is connected to the other end side (outlet side). Thereby, warm water as a heat source fluid flows through the tube 12.

The spray nozzle 13 is disposed above the tube 12 inside the tank unit 11. The spray nozzle 13 sprays water toward the tube 12.
The spray water supply line 16 connects the lower part of the tank unit 11 and the spray nozzle 13, and supplies water stored in the lower part of the tank unit 11 to the spray nozzle 13 as spray water. A spray water pump 161 is disposed in the spray water supply line 16.
The spray water pump 161 pumps water stored in the tank unit 11 to the spray nozzle 13.

The makeup water line 17 connects the tank unit 11 and a storage tank or the like (not shown) that stores water. The makeup water line 17 supplies makeup water to the tank unit 11. A makeup water pump 171 is disposed in the makeup water line 17.
The makeup water pump 171 pressurizes water supplied from a storage tank or the like and supplies it to the inside of the tank unit 11.

According to the steam generator 10 described above, in a state where the flow path from the hot water supply line 14 to the bypass line 18 is closed by the three-way valve 19, first, hot water (for example, about 90 ° C.) serving as a heat source is supplied from the gas engine 200. , And supplied to the tube 12 through the hot water supply line 14. The hot water supplied to the tube 12 is introduced into the tube 12 disposed inside the tank unit 11.
On the other hand, spray water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 13 toward the tube 12 inside the tank portion 11. Further, the inside of the tank unit 11 is maintained at a negative pressure or a low pressure (for example, about −0.05 MPaG to 0.1 MPaG). As a result, the hot water flowing through the tube 12 is deprived of heat by the spray water, drops to about 85 ° C., and is discharged through the hot water discharge line 15.

  In addition, a thin liquid film is formed on the surface of the tube 12 through which warm water flows by spraying water at about 80 ° C. from the spray nozzle 13. As described above, in a state where the inside of the tank unit 11 is maintained at a negative pressure, a thin liquid film is formed on the surface of the tube 12, so that it is sprayed by the hot water flowing through the inside of the tube 12 and the spray nozzle 13. Even when the temperature difference with water is relatively small (for example, about 10 ° C.), steam can be efficiently generated.

The steam generated inside the tank unit 11 is led out from the low-pressure steam supply line 30.
The water that has not become steam inside the tank unit 11 is stored in the lower part of the tank unit 11. The water stored in the lower part of the tank unit 11 is pumped up to the spray nozzle 13 by the spray water pump 161 through the spray water supply line 16 and sprayed on the tube 12 again.
When the water stored in the tank unit 11 is reduced, the supply water is supplied from the supply water line 17 to the tank unit 11.

  Further, the amount of steam generated inside the tank unit 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the hot water supplied to the tube 12 by adjusting the opening of the three-way valve 19.

  The steam booster 20 sucks and compresses the low-pressure steam (for example, −0.05 MPaG to 0.1 MPaG) generated in the steam generator 10 to boost the pressure. The steam booster 20 includes a compression unit 21 that compresses low-pressure steam, and a load factor control unit 22 that controls the operation of the compression unit 21.

The compression unit 21 is configured by, for example, a screw-type steam compressor, and boosts low-pressure steam to about 0.4 MpaG to 0.8 MPaG.
The load factor control unit 22 controls the operation (load factor) of the compression unit 21 based on the pressure of the steam flowing through the low-pressure steam supply line 30 (the pressure of the steam introduced into the compression unit 21). More specifically, the load factor control unit 22 sets the steam pressure increasing device 20 so that the pressure of the steam flowing through the low pressure steam supply line 30 becomes a set target pressure (for example, 0.04 MPa to 0.05 MPa). Control the load factor.

  That is, when the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam supply line 30 is higher than the target pressure, the load factor control unit 22 maximizes the load factor (load factor 100%) and the steam booster 20 (compression unit 21). ). As a result, an upper limit amount of steam is sucked into the steam pressure increasing device 20, and the steam pressure in the low pressure steam supply line 30 tends to decrease. Even when the steam booster 20 is driven at a load factor of 100%, the steam booster 20 operates at a load factor of 100% if the steam pressure in the low-pressure steam supply line 30 exceeds the target pressure. Continue.

On the other hand, when the steam pressure in the low-pressure steam supply line 30 falls below the target pressure, the load factor control unit 22 reduces the load factor of the steam booster 20 (compression unit 21). Thereby, the amount of steam sucked into the steam booster 20 decreases, and the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam supply line 30 increases.
In this way, by controlling the steam pressure of the low-pressure steam supply line 30 to be the target pressure, the steam generator 10 can generate steam efficiently and stably.

The low pressure steam supply line 30 supplies the low pressure steam generated in the steam generator 10 to the steam booster 20.
The low pressure steam pressure sensor 31 measures the steam pressure (pressure of the low pressure steam) inside the low pressure steam supply line 30.

The base end side of the steam discharge line 40 is connected to the steam booster 20. The steam discharge line 40 circulates the discharge steam discharged after being boosted in the steam booster 20. The front end side of the steam discharge line 40 is connected to the steam using device 210.
The discharge vapor pressure sensor 41 measures the vapor pressure (discharge vapor pressure) inside the vapor discharge line 40.

  The control unit 50 controls the operation of the steam generator 10. In the present embodiment, the controller 50 opens the three-way valve 19 according to the amount of heat removed from the cooling water (warm water) flowing through the cooling water circulation line 220, which is the amount of heat that is allowed to be recovered in the steam generator 10. And the amount of steam generated by the steam generator 10 is controlled.

  As a configuration for performing the above-described control, the control unit 50 includes a heat removal amount calculation unit 51, an opening degree calculation unit 52, and a valve control unit 53.

  The heat removal amount calculation unit 51 calculates a required heat removal amount that is a heat amount allowed to be removed from the cooling water in the steam generator 10. In the present embodiment, the removed heat amount calculation unit 51 is configured to use the temperature of the hot water measured by the first temperature sensor 152 arranged in the hot water discharge line 15, the temperature of the hot water measured by the second temperature sensor 153, and the flow meter 154. The required removal heat quantity is calculated based on the flow rate of the hot water measured by the above. That is, when the flow rate of the hot water measured by the flow meter 154 is constant and the difference between the temperature of the hot water measured by the first temperature sensor 152 and the second temperature sensor 153 and the preset reference temperature is large. Therefore, it is required to remove a larger amount of heat on the upstream side (steam generating device 10) (the required amount of removed heat increases). Further, when the flow rate of the hot water measured by the flow meter 154 is constant and the difference between the temperature of the hot water measured by the first temperature sensor 152 and the second temperature sensor 153 and the reference temperature is small, on the upstream side The amount of heat required to be removed is reduced (the required amount of heat removed is reduced).

  The opening degree calculation unit 52 calculates the opening degree of the three-way valve 19 based on the required removal heat amount calculated by the removal heat amount calculation unit 51. For example, the control unit 50 stores a lower limit value (for example, 50 kW) of the required removal heat quantity as a set value in the storage unit. Then, the opening calculation unit 52 calculates the opening of the three-way valve 19 such that the required heat removal amount does not fall below this set value.

  The valve control unit 53 controls the three-way valve 19 to the opening calculated by the opening calculation unit 52.

  According to the steam generator 10 described above, when the required heat removal amount calculated by the heat removal amount calculation unit 51 falls below the set lower limit due to a decrease in the load of the gas engine 200, the opening degree calculation unit 52 A predetermined opening degree (for example, 80%) that is not 100% is calculated as the opening degree of the three-way valve 19. And the valve control part 53 controls the three-way valve 19 to the said opening degree (in this case 80%). Thereby, by reducing the amount of cooling water (hot water) supplied to the steam generator 10, the amount of heat recovered in the steam generator 10 can be reduced and the required heat removal amount can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the operation of the gas engine 200 due to excessive heat recovery from the cooling water, so that the steam generator 10 can be operated in a more suitable state.

  Next, a steam generator cooperation system 100 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the description of the second embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted or simplified.

  The steam generator cooperation system 100 of this embodiment is discharged from the steam systems 1A and 1B including a plurality (two in this embodiment) of steam generators 10A and 10B, and the plurality of steam systems 1A and 1B. A discharge steam collecting line 60 for collecting the discharged steam, a collective steam pressure sensor 61 as a collective steam pressure measuring unit for measuring the pressure of the collective steam flowing through the discharge steam collecting line 60, and a plurality of these steam systems A number control unit 500 that controls 1A and 1B.

  In the present embodiment, the two steam systems 1A and 1B are arranged in parallel. The hot water supply line 14 is branched into a hot water supply line 14A that supplies hot water to the steam generator 10A and a hot water supply line 14B that supplies hot water to the steam generator 10B. Further, the hot water discharge line 15B in the steam generator 10A and the hot water discharge line 15B in the steam generator 10B merge and are connected to the gas engine 200.

The discharge steam collecting line 60 is connected to the downstream side of the steam discharge lines 40A and 40B in each of the plurality of steam systems 1A and 1B. The discharge steam collecting line 60 supplies the discharge steam discharged from the plurality of steam systems 1A and 1B to the steam using device 210.
Note that check valves 42A and 42B are disposed downstream of the discharge steam pressure sensors 41A and 41B in the steam discharge lines 40A and 40B, respectively.

  The collective steam pressure sensor 61 measures the vapor pressure (the pressure of the collective steam) inside the discharge steam collect line 60.

  The number control unit 500 controls the cooperation state of the plurality of steam systems 1A and 1B based on the required removal heat quantity calculated by the removal heat quantity calculation unit 51. In the present embodiment, the number-of-units control unit 500 includes the removed heat amount calculation unit 51 included in the control unit 50 in the first embodiment.

  More specifically, the number control unit 500 stores the amount of heat (for example, 500 kW) recovered in the steam system 1 (steam generator 10) in the storage unit as an additional set value. Then, the number control unit 500 increases the number of steam systems 1 to be operated when the required removal heat amount calculated by the removal heat amount calculation unit 51 becomes equal to or greater than the increase set value. Thereby, heat recovery can be appropriately performed from the cooling water by increasing the number of the steam systems 1 to be operated when the required removal heat quantity of the cooling water increases due to an increase in the load of the gas engine 200 or the like.

  In addition, the number control unit 500 stores a required removal heat quantity (for example, 50 kW) that serves as a reference for decreasing the number of steam systems 1 to be operated in the storage unit as a reduced set value. Then, the number control unit 500 reduces the number of the steam systems 1 to be operated when the required removal heat amount calculated by the removal heat amount calculation unit 51 is less than the reduction base set value. Thereby, it is possible to prevent excessive heat recovery from the cooling water by reducing the number of the steam systems 1 to be operated when the required heat removal amount of the cooling water is reduced due to a decrease in the load of the gas engine 200 or the like. .

  In addition, in the steam generator linking system 100, when the priority order is set for each of the plurality of steam systems 1, when the number of steam systems 1 to be operated is increased, the operation is started in descending order of priority. Be made. Further, when the number of steam systems 1 to be operated is decreased, the operation is stopped in order of increasing priority.

As mentioned above, although each preferable embodiment of the steam generator 10 and the steam generator cooperation system 100 of this invention was described, this invention is not restrict | limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can change suitably.
For example, in 2nd Embodiment, although the steam generator cooperation system 100 was comprised including the two steam generators 10A and 10B, it is not restricted to this. That is, you may comprise a steam generator cooperation system including three or more steam generators.

  In the second embodiment, the plurality of three-way valves 19 of the plurality of steam generators 10 are all controlled based on the required removal heat quantity, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, when a plurality of steam generators are operated in the steam generator linkage system, only the three-way valve of the steam generator with the lowest priority among the operating steam generators is controlled based on the required heat removal amount. The three-way valve of another steam generator may be controlled based on the pressure of low-pressure steam or the pressure of discharged steam. In this case, the control unit or the number control unit calculates the opening of the three-way valve based on the pressure of the low pressure steam measured by the low pressure steam pressure sensor 31 or the pressure of the discharge steam measured by the discharge steam pressure sensor, The three-way valve can be controlled with the calculated opening.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, although the flow regulating valve was comprised by the three-way valve 19, it is not restricted to this. That is, the flow rate adjusting valve may be configured by combining a plurality of valves.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, although the gas engine 200 was used as a waste heat source, it is not restricted to this. That is, a diesel engine or a gasoline engine may be used as a waste heat source.

1, 1A, 1B Steam system 10, 10A, 10B Steam generator body 19 Three-way valve (flow control valve)
20, 20A, 20B Steam booster 50, 50A, 50B Control part 51 Removal heat quantity calculation part 52 Opening degree calculation part 53 Valve control part 100 Steam generator cooperation system 200 Gas engine (waste heat source)
220 Cooling water circulation line 500 Number control unit

Claims (2)

A waste heat source that generates waste heat;
A cooling water circulation line through which cooling water for cooling the waste heat source circulates;
A steam generator body that generates low-pressure steam using the cooling water as a heat source;
A steam generation device comprising: a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts a flow rate of a heat source fluid supplied to the steam generation device body,
A removal heat amount calculation unit for calculating a required removal heat amount that is a heat amount allowed to be removed from the cooling water in the steam generator main body;
An opening degree calculation unit that calculates an opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve based on the required removal heat amount calculated by the removal heat amount calculation unit;
A steam generation device comprising: a valve control unit that controls the flow rate adjustment valve to an opening calculated by the opening calculation unit. A plurality of steam generators according to claim 1;
A steam generator cooperating system comprising: a unit controller for determining the number of steam generators to be operated based on the required heat removal calculated by the heat removal calculator.

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