JP2015204778A - System for manufacturing tmr (total mixed ration) - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly manufacture mixed feed with a blending ratio desired by each stock farm in manufacturing in a TMR center many kinds of mixed feed for a plurality of stock farms and provide system for manufacturing mixed feed, the system enabling improvement of quality of mixed feed to be manufactured.SOLUTION: System 10 for manufacturing TMR (total mixed ration) by blending concentrated feed, special feed and the like with fermented roughage comprises: feed blending means 14 to which fermented roughage, and concentrated feed, special feed and the like are charged; roughage weighing means 13 which weighs fermented roughage and charges it to the feed blending means; special feeds storing part 16 which stores each of concentrated feed, special feed and the like; special feeds supply means 18 which weighs stored concentrated feed, special feed and the like and adds these to fermented roughage in the feed blending means 14 with a predetermined blending ratio in real-time; and compressing/deaerating and sealing means 22 which molds the fermented roughage, concentrated feed, special feed and the like having been blended in the feed blending means 14 while compressing an aerating these, and covers the mixed feed with sealing film.

Description

  The present invention relates to a TMR (mixed feed) manufacturing system, and more particularly to a manufacturing system suitable for manufacturing a mixed feed used in a feeding system using TMR (Total Mixed Relation) in dairy farming.

In recent years, in dairy farming, for the purpose of improving the working environment, a feeding method using TMR (Total Mixed Relation) has become widespread. TMR is a fermented roughage (silage) primarily fermented with grass or dent corn, concentrated feed such as dried corn, beer lees and beet lees from which sugar pulp is removed, agricultural by-products such as okara and bran, and special It is a nutritionally complete feed produced by mixing feeds (supplements, calcium, etc.) at a predetermined blending ratio.

In general, TMR is manufactured by stirring and mixing fermented roughage, concentrated feed, agricultural by-products and special feed into a cylindrical shape, compressing and degassing the cylindrical shaped body, and then covering the outer periphery with a sealed film Is done. The TMR (mixed feed) produced in this way can greatly reduce the burden of mixing and mixing feeds and feeding operations that have been performed individually by individual dairy farmers. Because it is possible to feed fermented roughage, concentrated feed, etc. that have been fed to the cattle at the same time, it is possible to prevent selective foraging for cattle, while maintaining the proper intake of each nutrient and rumen. Has the advantages of maintaining the health of the food and being excellent in digesting and absorbing nutrients.

  However, the production of TMR has been sought for the use of a contract method by a contractor business because of the large investment burden of manufacturing equipment for small and medium dairy farmers. In the contractor business, multiple dairymen gathered together to form an organization, and systematic management such as harvesting, renewal, and fertilizer application of pastures owned by each organization participant is organized. This is a system in which production is centrally concentrated at the center and the produced TMR is delivered to each ranch.

  On the other hand, TMR needs to be manufactured by changing the blending ratio of fermented roughage, concentrated feed, and special feed according to the state of the cow. Cattle are classified into pre-conception breeding cows, pregnant dry cows, milking cows that are milking, sick cows, etc., and each is raised as a herd. For this reason, it is indispensable for efficient dairy management to give a cow the TMR provided with nutrients suitable for the condition of each cow. The ratio of TMR is called feed design, and in the case of milking cows in particular, it is of great concern for dairy farmers because it affects the increase and decrease in milk yield and the nutritional value of milk.

  Conventionally, an invention described in JP2013-59355A has been proposed as a TMR manufacturing system. The invention described in the publication has a molding device for compressing and forming the mixed feed, and the molding device compresses the mixed feed (molded body) into a cylindrical shape, and the compression molded body sent from the molding device is compressed. TMR is manufactured by packing. In particular, the invention is characterized in that a storage tank for temporarily storing feed is provided in the front part of the molding apparatus.

In this storage tank, fermented roughage, concentrated feed, special feed, etc. (molded material) previously mixed according to a predetermined mixing ratio can be stored, and the weight of the molded material charged is measured. In production, the material to be accurately measured is fed from the storage tank through the hopper to the molding apparatus.
Thereby, it is supposed that the variation in the weight of TMR manufactured and the mixture ratio can be prevented. That is, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a predetermined amount of roughage, concentrated feed, and special feed are once put into a storage tank, and after passing through a mixing hopper from the storage tank, put into a molding chamber of a molding material feeding apparatus. By doing so, variation in the blending ratio is prevented.

JP 2013-59355 A

However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the storage tank is installed in the front stage of the molding apparatus, and feed is fed from the storage tank to the mixing hopper. For this reason, it is necessary to measure the weight of each feed such as concentrated feed and roughage fed into the storage tank every time it is put into the storage tank. It is necessary to perform the weighing operation and the input operation separately, and as a result, it takes a considerable amount of time to produce many types of TMRs.

This raises the problem that when many types of mixed feed are produced for each ranch of the organization members, a decrease in production efficiency is unavoidable, and the present invention provides TMR for producing mixed feed for multiple ranches. There was a problem that it was unsuitable for use in the center. For this reason, only general-purpose TMR can be produced, and fine blending such as concentrated feed and special feed is left to each ranch, and the burden of feeding work for dairy farmers is still large.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in particular, when producing a variety of mixed feeds for a plurality of ranches at the TMR Center, the mixed feeds can be promptly mixed at a blending ratio desired by each ranch. An object of the present invention is to provide a mixed feed manufacturing system that can be manufactured and can improve the quality of the mixed feed to be manufactured.

The invention described in claim 1 is a production system for producing TMR (mixed feed) in one batch by blending concentrated feed, special feed, etc. with fermented roughage such as grass silage and corn salage. In addition, feed mixing means for feeding concentrated feed, special feed, etc., roughage weighing means for weighing fermented roughage and feeding desired amount of fermented roughage to the feed blending means, concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are stored respectively. Add multiple special feed storage units, and concentrated feeds, special feeds, etc. stored in the special feed storage unit to the fermented roughage in the feed blending means while measuring in real time so as to achieve a predetermined blending ratio A special feed, etc. feeding means, and a fermented roughage, a concentrated feed, a special feed, etc. blended by the feed blending means are molded while being compressed and degassed. It is characterized by comprising a compression deaerating and sealing means for covering the case feed in a closed film.

The invention according to claim 2 is the above-mentioned item 1, wherein, as the roughage weighing means, a conveyor-type weighing machine capable of changing the input amount of the roughage by changing the conveying speed is used. It is a blending conveyor that moves from the upstream side to the downstream side on the production line, and a certain amount of fermented roughage is delivered to the upstream end by the conveyor-type weighing machine of the roughage weighing means, and on the moving conveyor The fermented rough feed is characterized by adding concentrated feed, special feed, and the like from the special feed storage unit through the special feed supply unit so as to obtain a predetermined mixing ratio.

The invention according to claim 3 is the above-mentioned item 1, wherein the feed blending means is a feed blend hopper provided with a stirrer, and rough feed, concentrated feed, and special feed so that the feed blend hopper has a predetermined blending ratio. Is fed by the roughage weighing means and the special feed supply means, and after being stirred by the stirring device, the compressed roughing, the concentrated feed, the special feed, etc. are compressed and degassed by the compression degassing / sealing means. At the same time, the molded mixed feed is covered with a sealing film.

Invention of Claim 4 is installed in each ranch which uses a TMR center in any one of said 1-3, The mixing ratio of the concentrated feed, special feed, etc. with respect to the said fermented roughage is set in a TMR center. The instruction terminal for transmission and the instruction terminal are connected to each other by a communication line, and are used for production management of the mixed feed at the TMR center, and the volume of the fermentation roughage, the concentrated feed for the fermentation roughage, the special feed, etc. It is characterized by comprising a TMR center management terminal for controlling the blending ratio.

According to the present invention, it is possible to quickly respond to various types of TMR production, and it is possible to easily produce a TMR of a blending ratio desired by each dairy farmer. Thereby, the burden required for the feeding operation of the dairy farmer can be greatly reduced, which contributes to the efficient management of the dairy farmer. In addition, business efficiency at the TMR center can be improved.

It is the conceptual diagram which showed the schematic structure in one Embodiment of the manufacturing system of TMR of this invention planarly. Similarly, it is the conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure in one Embodiment of the manufacturing system of TMR of this invention, and is the front view which looked at FIG. 1 from the II-II direction. Similarly, it is the conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure in one Embodiment of the manufacturing system of TMR of this invention, and is the side view which looked at FIG. 1 from the III-III direction. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the exchange of the data between a TMR center and a dairy farmer among one Embodiment of the manufacturing system of the TMR of this invention. Similarly, in one embodiment of the TMR manufacturing system of the present invention, it is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a feed blending means, and is a view showing a case where a blending conveyor is used as a feed blending means. Similarly, it is the conceptual diagram which shows schematic structure of a feed mixing means among one Embodiment of the manufacturing system of TMR of this invention, and is the figure showing the case where especially a feed mixing hopper is utilized as a feed mixing means.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a TMR (mixed feed) production system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a TMR manufacturing system according to the present invention in plan view, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1 viewed from the II-II direction, and FIG. It is the side view seen.

As shown in these drawings, the TMR manufacturing system 10 in this embodiment includes a roughage receiving hopper 12, a conveyor-type weighing machine 13 as a roughage weighing unit, a blending conveyor 14 as a feed mixing unit, and five storage units such as a special feed storage unit. Feed tanks 16A to 16E, flow sensors 18A to 18E as supply means for special feeds and addition conveyors 19A to 19E, screw type stirrer 20 and receiving hopper 21 as stirring means and receiving means, compression deaerator and wrapping machine The air / sealing means (multi-conactor) 22 is provided. Among these, the feed tanks 16 </ b> A to 16 </ b> D are usually installed outside the building 1, but main devices such as the compounding conveyor 14 are arranged inside the building 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the roughage receiving hopper 12, glass silage or corn salage fermented in a bunker silo or the like is charged by the shovel loader 24, and after stirring the fermented roughage in the hopper 12, A desired amount of fermentation roughage is weighed by the conveyor-type weighing machine 13 and sent to the upstream end of the blending conveyor 14. The conveyor type weighing machine 13 can change the transport amount of the fermented roughage in real time by changing the belt speed.

The fermented roughage fed to the compounding conveyor 14 is weighed so that the weight of the concentrated feed, special feed, and agricultural by-products added by the compounding conveyor 14 is combined and the final weight of the manufactured TMR (mixed feed) is reached. Supplied. That is, the fermented roughage fed to the blending conveyor 14 is the weight accurately measured by the conveyor-type weighing machine 13 based on the feed design. For example, when producing 1 ton of TMR, 100 kg of concentrated feed and 100 kg of special feed In the feed design described above, 800 kg of fermented roughage is sent to the blending conveyor 14. The conveyor-type weighing machine 13, the blending conveyor 14, and the inclined conveyor 26 with a crossing described later are arranged on a linear production line so that the feed can be smoothly delivered.

In addition, five feed tanks 16A to 16E are installed outside the building 1 as special feed storage units, and each feed tank 16A to 16E contains concentrated feed such as corn, special feed such as supplements, and agricultural by-products. Contained. Between each of the feed tanks 16A to 16E and the blending conveyor 14, flow sensors (flow type automatic blending and weighing devices) 18A to 18E are provided together with the addition conveyors 19A to 19E, and special feeds in the feed tanks 16A to 16E are weighed. However, a desired amount can be added to the blending conveyor 14 by the addition conveyors 19A to 19E. The flow sensors (flow type automatic blending and weighing devices) 18A to 18E and the addition conveyors 19A to 19E can add a desired amount of special feed or the like to the rough feed on the blending conveyor 14 accurately and in real time. It is possible to easily and quickly cope with the difference in feed design for each house.

At the downstream end of the compounding conveyor 14, there is provided an inclined conveyor 26 with a cross that conveys the feed to the screw type agitator 20 and the receiving hopper 21, and concentrated feed, special feed, and the like are supplied to the inclined conveyor 26 with the cross from the mixing conveyor 14. After the added roughage is delivered, it is put into the stirrer 20. The fermented roughage or the like charged into the stirrer 20 is transferred to the receiving hopper 21 while being stirred by the screw type stirrer 20, and is in a uniform mixed state when it is charged into the receiving hopper 21.

The fermented roughage or the like charged into the receiving hopper 21 is compressed into a columnar shape and simultaneously deaerated by the compression deaeration / sealing means (multi-contractor) 22 installed adjacent thereto. A device for performing compression deaeration is not a normal roll baler, but a roller chamber type multi-converter is used, and the compression pressure is compressed to a high density of 230 (kg / m ² ). As a result, the residual oxygen inside the mixed feed can be reduced, so that secondary fermentation and generation of mold can be prevented, and TMR production that can withstand long-term storage and long-distance transportation is possible. . Further, the screw type agitator 20, the receiving hopper 21, and the compression deaeration / sealing means (multi-contractor) 22 of the present embodiment are a system that performs mixing, compression, and packing in a lump, and these devices have a height. Therefore, the ceiling height of the building 1 can be H1, as shown in FIG. In other words, the H2 ceiling height was required for the conventional mixer feeder with a high height, but because the H1 ceiling height is sufficient, the construction cost of the building 1 and the incidental machine introduction cost can be greatly reduced. It has become.

The mixed feed formed into a columnar shape is sealed with a film wrapped around its outer periphery by a wrapping machine in a compression deaeration / sealing means (multi-converter) 22, and finally weighed by a floor scale 28. Then, a label on which the weight, component display, shipping management slip (barcode) and the like are written is pasted by the automatic label printing pasting machine 30 and temporarily stored in the TMR place 32 in the building 1. The production time so far is about 90 seconds per TMR as a result of the demonstration experiment, and 40 TMRs can be produced per hour.
A series of TMR manufacturing operations are managed by a management terminal in the TMR center, and this management terminal is connected to each dairy farm's instruction terminal through a communication line. The production of TMR can be performed in real time, almost unattended except for the input of fermented roughage.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing data exchange between the TMR center and the dairy farmer in this embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the instruction terminal 40 of each dairy farmer is connected to the management terminal 42 of the TMR center so as to be able to communicate with each other through the Internet network.
The instruction terminal 40 stores the remaining amount of TMR currently stored by the dairy farmer, and is loaded with software indicating various types of information related to TMR, such as necessity of replenishment and order status.

In addition, since the instruction terminal 40 statistically shows the milk amount based on the blending ratio of TMR, the association with the milking cow, etc., it is possible to improve the efficiency of dairy management by utilizing data. Yes. For example, there are various types of data that can be input, such as the amount of milk, bar code of ear tags attached to individual cows, and data stored in IC tags such as RFID that replace ear tags. It is done. In other words, it is possible to perform precise management of feeding data, and it is possible to perform feed design in consideration of the relationship between the blending ratio of TMR and the amount of milk. In addition, since the association with TMR suitable for cattle can be performed accurately, dairy farmers can outsource with peace of mind, such as when outsourcing cow feeding or milking using the so-called dairy helper system. .

On the other hand, to the management terminal 42 of the TMR center, data on the mixing ratio of concentrated feed, special feed, etc. desired by each dairy farmer is transmitted from the instruction terminal 40 via the Internet network, and the data is sent to the management terminal 42. Stored. The management terminal 42 receives the instruction data from the dairy farmer, controls the conveyor type weighing machine (roughage weighing means) 13, and puts the necessary amount of roughage into the blending conveyor 14.
Similarly, the management terminal 42 sequentially controls the conveyance speed by the addition conveyors 19A to 19E based on the weighing data obtained from the flow sensors 18A to 18E of the feed tanks (special feed storage units) 16A to 16E, and the compounding conveyor Concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are added in 14 so that the mixing ratio desired by the dairy farmer is obtained.

A dairy farmer can order multiple types of TMRs at the same time using the instruction terminal 40 as well as one type of TMR desired. This is an advantage that can be obtained at the TMR Center by changing the amount of concentrated feed, special feed, etc. with respect to the rough feed in real time and making it in one batch. The time required for manufacturing TMR is the same as that for a single type of TMR, even if a plurality of types of TMR are manufactured. Therefore, it is possible to adapt to the multi-item small-volume production of TMR. In addition, for dairymen, it is possible to reduce the frequency of performing work such as providing concentrated feed separately, and to reduce the burden of labor required for feeding work.

In the above-described embodiment, the blending conveyor 14 is used as a feed blending means for mixing and blending roughage, concentrated feed, special feed, etc., but a feed blending hopper having a stirring device shown below is used. May be.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the feed blending means, among which FIG. 5A shows the case where the blending conveyor 14 is used as the feed blending means, and FIG. 5B uses the feed blending hopper 50 as the feed blending means. Represents the case. As shown in FIG. 5A, when a blending conveyor 14 is used as the feed blending means, while adding rough feed, while measuring the amount of addition by flow sensors (flow type automatic blending and metering devices) 18A-18E, the addition conveyor 19A Concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are added by ~ 19E.

On the other hand, the feed blending hopper 50 of FIG. 5B has a stirring device 52 inside, and concentrated feed, special feed and the like added to the rough feed are stirred and mixed by the stirring device 52, and then compressed deaerated and mixed. It is conveyed to the sealing means 22, and compression deaeration and sealing work are performed.
Then, when the feed blending hopper 50 is emptied, the process proceeds to the next TMR manufacturing process, and the rough feed is fed into the feed blending hopper 50 by the conveyor-type weighing machine (rough feed weighing means) 13 and the feed blending hopper is fed. Concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are added to the rough feed in 50. At this time, the addition work of concentrated feed, special feed, etc. can be performed by the flow sensors (flow type automatic blending and metering devices) 18A to 18E and the addition conveyors 19A to 19E, but the flow type automatic metering and blending device is used. It is also possible to do. According to this, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the addition amount.

As described above, in the mixed feed (TMR) manufacturing system of the present embodiment, TMR can be easily and quickly manufactured at a blending ratio desired by dairy farmers, and at the same time, operational efficiency at the TMR center is improved. In addition to contributing to the improvement, it is possible to greatly reduce the burden of feeding work for dairy farmers.

As described above, according to the present invention, it contributes to the improvement of the production efficiency of TMR (mixed feed) at the TMR center, and can respond quickly to various types of TMR production. To contribute.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 10 TMR manufacturing system 12 Rough feed receiving hopper 13 Conveyor type weighing machine 14 Compounding conveyors 16A to 16E Feed tanks 18A to 18E Flow sensors 19A to 19E Addition conveyor 20 Screw type agitator 21 Receiving hopper 22 Compression deaeration sealing means 24 Excavator loader 26 Inclined conveyor 28 with crosspieces Floor scale 30 Automatic label printing and pasting machine 32 TMR place 40 Instruction terminal 42 Management terminal 50 Feed mixing hopper 52 Stirrer

Claims (4)

A production system for producing TMR (mixed feed) in one batch by blending concentrated feed, special feed, etc. with fermented roughage such as grass silage and corn salage,
Feed blending means into which fermented roughage, concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are introduced;
A roughage weighing means for measuring a fermented roughage and charging a desired amount of the fermented roughage into the feed blending means;
A plurality of special feed storage units for storing concentrated feed, special feed, etc.,
A special feed supply means for adding concentrated feed, special feed, etc. stored in the special feed storage section to the fermented rough feed in the feed blending means while measuring in real time so as to have a predetermined blending ratio;
A compression deaeration / sealing means for forming the fermented roughage, concentrated feed, special feed, etc. blended by the feed blending means while compressing and degassing and covering the formed mixed feed with a sealing film A system for producing TMR (mixed feed). As the roughage weighing means, a conveyor-type weighing machine that can change the input amount of the roughage by changing the conveying speed is used,
The feed blending means is a blending conveyor that moves from the upstream side to the downstream side on the production line, and a certain amount of fermented roughage is delivered to the upstream end by the conveyor-type weighing machine of the roughage weighing means,
Add the concentrated feed, special feed, etc. from the storage section for special feed to the fermented rough feed on the mixing conveyor while it is moving while measuring the concentrated feed, special feed, etc. The TMR (mixed feed) manufacturing system according to claim 1. The feed blending means is a feed blending hopper equipped with a stirrer, and the rough feed, the concentrated feed, the special feed, etc. are fed to the feed blending hopper so as to have a predetermined blending ratio. After being stirred by the stirring device and formed by the compression degassing / sealing means, the fermented roughage, concentrated feed, special feed, etc. are molded while being compressed and degassed, and the molded mixed feed is covered with a sealed film The TMR (mixed feed) manufacturing system according to claim 1. An instruction terminal which is installed in each ranch using the TMR center and transmits the mixing ratio of the concentrated feed, the special feed, etc. to the fermented roughage to the TMR center;
A TMR center that is connected to the instruction terminal by a communication line and is used for production management of mixed feed at the TMR center, and controls the amount of fermented roughage, the blending ratio of concentrated feed and special feed, etc. The TMR (mixed feed) manufacturing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a management terminal.