JP2015195096A - Authenticity determination apparatus and authenticity determination method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a battery authenticity determination apparatus capable of appropriately determining whether batteries mounted on a vehicle are proper products.SOLUTION: The battery authenticity determination apparatus includes: a sensor unit 100 that detects terminal voltage on a battery and charging/discharging current; an open circuit voltage calculation section 201 that calculates an open circuit voltage at charging/discharging based on the terminal voltage detected by the sensor unit 100; a capacity calculation section 202 that calculates the capacity of a battery based on the charging/discharging current detected by the sensor unit 100; and an authenticity determination section 400 that determines whether or not the battery is proper product based on the open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculation section 201 and the capacity calculated by the capacity calculation section 202.

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery authenticity determination device and a determination method for determining whether a battery is genuine or not.

  In recent years, development of electric vehicles using a battery instead of fuel such as gasoline as power of a vehicle has been advanced. Various types of batteries such as lithium ion and nickel metal hydride are used as a battery for driving an electric vehicle. However, particularly in emerging countries, the demand for lead batteries is high for reasons such as cost.

  Generally, in emerging countries, since the cost of a battery is high, when a battery deteriorates or breaks down, it may be exchanged for a cheaper product rather than a genuine product. In such a case, there has been a problem that the driving performance of the electric vehicle and the safety of the vehicle are lowered.

  In a conventional battery system, when an inappropriate battery is connected in parallel to a genuine battery, it is detected by the internal resistance (DCIR) that the inappropriate battery is connected and its output is changed. It is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-157123 A

  However, since the conventional battery system requires a regular battery as a reference, if the genuine battery itself is replaced with an inappropriate battery, it is determined whether or not the replaced battery is a genuine battery. There was a problem that it could not be detected.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a true / false determination device and a true / false determination method that can suitably determine whether or not a battery mounted on a vehicle is a genuine product. And

  The true / false determination device according to the present invention calculates a battery terminal voltage and a charge / discharge current sensor, and calculates at least one open circuit voltage during charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected by the sensor. An open circuit voltage calculation unit, a capacity calculation unit that calculates the capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected by the sensor unit, an open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculation unit, and the capacity calculation A true / false determining unit that determines whether the battery is a genuine product based on the capacity calculated by the unit.

  Further, the authenticity determination method according to the present invention calculates the open circuit voltage during charging and discharging based on the detection step for detecting the terminal voltage and charge / discharge current of the battery and the terminal voltage detected in the detection step. An open circuit voltage calculating step, a capacity calculating step for calculating the capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected in the detecting step, an open circuit voltage calculated in the open circuit voltage calculating step, and a capacity calculating step. And a true / false determination step for determining whether or not the battery is a genuine product based on the calculated capacity.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to suitably determine whether or not the battery mounted on the vehicle is a genuine product.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the authenticity determination apparatus of the battery in embodiment of this invention. The figure explaining the calculation of the open circuit voltage of a battery and the capacity | capacitance in embodiment of this invention by an image The figure which shows the relationship between the open circuit voltage of a battery and capacity | capacitance calculated in FIG. The figure explaining the authenticity determination of the battery in embodiment of this invention by an image The figure which shows the variation of the open circuit voltage with respect to the capacity | capacitance for every battery The figure explaining another example of calculation of the open circuit voltage of FIG. 2 and a capacity | capacitance with an image

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment is an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a battery authenticity determination device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the calculation of the open circuit voltage and capacity of the battery. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the open circuit voltage and capacity of the battery calculated in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the determination of the authenticity of the battery using an image. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the amount of change in the open circuit voltage with respect to the capacity of each battery. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining another example of the calculation of the open circuit voltage and the capacitance in FIG.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the battery authenticity determination apparatus includes a sensor unit 100, a calculation unit 200, a storage unit 300, a true / false determination unit 400, and a notification unit 500.

  The sensor unit 100 is connected to the in-vehicle battery 1. The sensor unit 100 includes a voltage sensor 101 and a current sensor 102, and measures the terminal voltage V and the charge / discharge current i of the battery 1 using them.

  Here, the battery 1 is a rechargeable secondary battery. In particular, since it is suitably used for a lead battery for driving an electric vehicle (EV), a lead battery for driving an EV will be described below, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. The lead battery (regular product) for driving EV is generally required to have durability of about several years. For this reason, in the lead battery for driving EV, for example, a long-life type lead battery having a closed control valve type (VRLA) of about 1000 cycles is often employed.

  On the other hand, a general lead battery (general product) that is substantially the same size as the lead battery for driving the EV but is not for driving the EV has a shorter life than the lead battery for driving the EV. In a general lead battery, a standard type lead battery (ordinary product) of, for example, an open liquid type and several hundred cycles (at most 300 to 400 cycles) is adopted. In addition, a capacity-oriented low-grade lead battery (low-grade product), which is lighter in weight by reducing the active material content of normal products for rationalization, may be used. If such a general product is mistakenly used as a lead battery for driving EVs at the time of battery replacement, it has only about six months to one year and cannot meet the required quality. In particular, once a general lead battery is installed for driving the EV, there is a possibility that it cannot be handled by a service inspection such as a vehicle inspection performed every year. In such a case, it is assumed that the vehicle suddenly stops moving, and it is not desirable that a general-purpose lead battery that is not used for driving the EV is mounted on the EV.

The arithmetic unit 200 is configured by an arithmetic processing device such as a CPU, for example, and calculates an open circuit voltage (OCV) for calculating the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery 1 during charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected by the voltage sensor 101. Unit 201 and a capacity calculation unit 202 that calculates the capacity of the battery 1 based on the charge / discharge current detected by the current sensor 102. As shown in FIG. 2, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 is an OCV at the time of charging when the battery 1 is charged (the current in FIG. 2 is positive) and the polarization due to charging is eliminated after full charging (hereinafter referred to as OCV). (Hereinafter simply referred to as charging OCV) (V ₁ ) and after the ignition (IG) is turned on, the vehicle travels and the battery 1 is discharged (the current is negative in FIG. 2). Then, an OCV at the time of discharging (hereinafter simply referred to as a charging OCV) (V ₂ ) is calculated. The capacity calculation unit 202 calculates a capacity (Ah) obtained by integrating the amount of electricity discharged from the battery 1 discharged between IG on and IG off.

  The storage unit 300 is configured by a memory such as a RAM or a ROM, for example, and stores information regarding the state of a lead battery (regular product) for driving the EV. This information may be, for example, a predetermined eigenvalue related to the initial specification of the regular product, or may be information related to the state of the lead battery 1 currently installed in the vehicle, calculated by the authenticity determination unit 400. Good.

  The authenticity determination unit 400 includes an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU, and includes a change amount calculation unit 401, a comparison unit 402, and an exchange detection unit 403. The open circuit voltage and capacity acquired from the calculation unit 200 Based on the above, it is determined whether or not the lead battery is a genuine product.

Change amount calculation unit 401, the open circuit voltages V ₁ at the time of charging open circuit voltage calculating unit 201 calculates the difference between the open circuit voltage V ₂ at the time of discharge, capacity calculation unit for the period of the charge and discharge 202 Based on the calculated capacity (Ah), the amount of change in the open circuit voltage per capacity is calculated. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the change amount calculation unit 401 calculates the slope α ((V ₁ −V ₂ ) / Ah) of the open circuit voltage per capacitance. In addition, as long as it shows the correlation between a change in capacitance and a change in open circuit voltage, it may be calculated by another mathematical formula.

The comparison unit 402 includes the slope α ((V ₁ −V ₂ ) / Ah) of the open circuit voltage per capacity calculated by the change amount calculation unit 401 and the capacity of a regular lead battery stored in the storage unit 300 in advance. Compare the initial slope β of the open circuit voltage around. When the comparison unit 402 determines that the inclination α and the inclination β match, the comparison unit 402 determines that the lead battery 1 currently mounted on the vehicle is a genuine product. In FIG. 4, as the number of cycles increases, the slope α ((V ₁ −V ₂ ) / Ah) of the open circuit voltage per capacity increases due to deterioration. On the other hand, the battery after replacement is not affected by deterioration. For this reason, the open circuit voltage per capacity of the lead battery after battery replacement is drastically lowered with respect to the initial slope β of the open circuit voltage per capacity of the regular product of the lead battery. Here, the determination of whether or not the inclination α and the inclination β coincide with each other by the comparison unit 402 may not be completely the same. For example, it may be determined that they coincide when the slope α and the slope β are within a predetermined range.

  When the replacement detection unit 403 detects the replacement of the lead battery 1, the replacement detection unit 403 detects whether or not the replaced lead battery 1 is a genuine product. The authenticity determination unit 400 determines whether or not the replaced lead battery 1 is a genuine product when the replacement detection unit 403 detects the replacement of the lead battery 1. Further, when the replacement detection unit 403 detects the replacement of the lead battery 1, the change amount calculation unit 401 may calculate the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity.

  The notification unit 500 includes a display device such as a navigation device and a sound output device such as a speaker. When the authenticity determination unit 400 determines that the lead battery 1 is not a genuine product, the notification unit 500 notifies the user of replacement of the lead battery 1. .

Here, the amount of change in the open circuit voltage per capacity of the regular product and the general product will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the amount of change in the open circuit voltage with respect to the capacity of each battery. FIG.
A to E shown on the horizontal axis of FIG. 5 are general lead batteries, and F is a regular lead battery. The lifetime of the battery E is at least about 3 years. For example, the lifetime is set to about 1000 cycles. The batteries A to E have a life of about one year when mounted on an EV. For example, the lifetime is only about 300 cycles.

  The vertical axis in FIG. 5 is a value obtained by normalizing the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity in the battery A to the reference value. As shown in FIG. 5, the values of the vertical axes are as follows: battery A = 1, battery B = 1.36, battery C = 1.37, battery D = 1.40, battery E = 1.42, battery E = 2. .88. Here, according to the actual measurement values shown in FIG. 5, the amount of change in the open circuit voltage per capacity of the regular lead battery is relatively large compared to the general lead battery. Accordingly, the true / false determination unit 400 of the present embodiment calculates the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity (for example, the above-described slope α) and the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity stored in the storage unit 300 (for example, Even if it is determined whether or not the inclination β) matches, it is unlikely to be confused with a general product, and it can be suitably determined whether or not the replaced lead battery is a genuine product.

  In addition, the authenticity determination unit 400 determines whether the calculated amount of change in the open circuit voltage per capacity exceeds a predetermined threshold value that distinguishes whether it is a regular product or a general product. Whether or not the battery is a genuine product can be determined with higher accuracy. This predetermined threshold value is indicated by the threshold value Th in FIGS. 5A and 5B, for example. The threshold value Th is, for example, an average value between the normalized values of the batteries A to E and the normalized value of the battery F (threshold Th = 2.0). Note that the method of setting the threshold Th is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, a threshold Thc corresponding to a cycle life that is about the middle of the cycle life of a regular product and a regular product, or a slope threshold γ corresponding to this is set. May be. The authenticity determination unit 400 can further reduce the possibility of being confused with a general product by adding such a determination to the above-described determination based on the comparison between the inclination α and the inclination β.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suitably determine whether or not the battery mounted on the vehicle is a genuine product.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, A various deformation | transformation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of invention. Moreover, the said embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a case is assumed in which IG is turned on after full charge and discharge is performed. At this time, in order for the true / false determination unit 400 to calculate the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity, first, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 calculates the change amount of the open circuit voltage, and the capacitance calculation unit 202 Calculation was performed. Specifically, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 calculates the difference between the charge OCV and the discharge OCV, and the capacity calculation unit 202 integrates the discharge electricity amount of the battery 1 discharged between IG on and IG off. The calculated capacity was calculated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in other assumed situations, the amount of change in the open circuit voltage and the capacitance may be calculated by other methods. Other possible situations and calculation methods will be described with reference to FIG.

  In FIG. 6, a portion surrounded by a dotted line 600 corresponds to FIG. Here, as a pattern A calculation method, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 calculates the difference between the previously calculated charge OCV and the current discharge OCV, and the capacity calculation unit 202 calculates the calculation period from the previous time to the current time. The capacity was calculated for. In addition, the period from the last time to this time here may mean the calculation period from charge OCV to discharge OCV, or may mean the period from IG on to IG off. In any sense, the integrated value of the discharge current 601 during the period from IG ON to IG OFF can be calculated as the capacity. The same applies to the period described below.

  Further, in a situation where charging is performed after IG is turned off and charging is completed with full charging, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201, for example, as in pattern B, the difference between the discharge OCV calculated last time and the charge OCV calculated this time. The capacity calculation unit 202 may calculate the capacity for the calculation period from the previous time to the current time. During this period, the capacity calculation unit 202 calculates the integrated value of the charging current 602 as the capacity.

  Further, in a situation where the IG is turned on again and the IG is turned on again and the discharge is performed after the IG is turned off, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201, for example, as in the pattern C, the discharge OCV calculated last time and the discharge OCV calculated this time. The capacity calculation unit 202 may calculate the capacity for the calculation period from the previous time to the current time. During this period, the capacity calculation unit 202 calculates the integrated value of the discharge current 603 as the capacity.

  Further, in a situation where charging is once performed and then terminated without being fully charged and then charged again, for example, as in pattern D, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 calculates the charge OCV calculated this time and the current calculation. The capacity calculation unit 202 may calculate the capacity for the calculation period from the previous time to the current time, by calculating the difference from the charged OCV. During this period, the capacity calculation unit 202 calculates the integrated value of the charging current 604 as the capacity.

  That is, the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 may be any combination of the charge OCV and the discharge OCV as long as it can calculate at least the difference between the previous and current OCV. The capacity calculation unit 202 may calculate any integrated value of the charging current and the discharging current as the capacity. The capacity calculation period may be the previous and current OCV calculation periods, or may be a period from IG on to off or a period during which charging is performed, as shown in FIG. It is sufficient that at least the open circuit voltage calculation unit 201 can calculate the integrated value of the charge / discharge current in the period in which the previous and current OCVs are calculated without excess or deficiency. The calculation period from the previous time to the present time in the present invention means such a period. In addition, for example, the battery authenticity determination device according to the present invention is particularly useful for a lead battery for driving an electric vehicle, but is not limited to an electric vehicle (EV), and can also be applied to HEV and PHEV. . Further, it can be applied to an electric vehicle such as an electric scooter or a forklift. Further, the application of the present invention is not limited to an electric vehicle, and the present invention can be applied to other various devices and various apparatuses. Further, as a category of the present invention, not only a battery authenticity determination device but also a genuineness determination method, a program, and a vehicle itself may be used.

  A battery authenticity determination device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a sensor unit that detects a battery terminal voltage and a charge / discharge current, and at least one open circuit voltage during charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected by the sensor unit. An open circuit voltage calculation unit that calculates a capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected by the sensor unit, an open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculation unit, A true / false determining unit that determines whether the battery is a genuine product based on the capacity calculated by the capacity calculating unit;

  In the battery authenticity determination device, the authenticity determination unit includes a difference between the open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculation unit last time and the open circuit voltage calculated this time, and a calculation period from the previous time to the current time. And calculating a change amount of the open circuit voltage per the capacity based on the capacity calculated by the capacity calculation unit, and determining whether or not the battery is a genuine product based on the change amount. May be.

  In the battery authenticity determination device, the authenticity determination unit determines that the battery is a genuine product when the amount of change matches a predetermined amount of change corresponding to a genuine product of the battery. You may do it.

  Note that in the battery authenticity determination device, the predetermined change amount may be a change amount of the open circuit voltage per the capacity previously calculated by the authenticity determination unit.

  The battery authenticity determination device further includes a storage unit that stores the predetermined amount of change, and the authenticity determination unit is stored in the storage unit when it is determined that the battery is a genuine product. The predetermined change amount may be updated with the change amount of the open circuit voltage per the capacitance calculated this time.

  In the battery authenticity determination device, the open circuit voltage calculation unit calculates an open circuit voltage after full charge and an open circuit voltage after traveling for a predetermined time, and the capacity calculation unit calculates the open circuit voltage after full charge. The integrated electric quantity from when the open circuit voltage is calculated until the open circuit voltage after traveling for the predetermined time is calculated may be calculated as the capacity of the battery.

  The battery authenticity determination device may further include notification means for notifying the battery replacement when the authenticity determination unit determines that the battery is not a genuine product.

  The battery authenticity determination device further includes a deterioration detection unit that detects deterioration of the battery, and the notification unit prompts replacement of the battery when the deterioration detection unit detects deterioration of the battery. Notification may be performed.

  The battery authenticity determination device further includes an exchange detection unit that detects whether or not the battery has been replaced, and the authenticity determination unit is configured to detect whether the battery has been replaced. You may make it determine whether the replaced battery is a regular article.

  In the battery authenticity determination apparatus, the battery may be a lead storage battery for driving an electric vehicle.

  Also, the battery authenticity determination method of the present disclosure includes a detection step of detecting a battery terminal voltage and a charge / discharge current, and an open circuit voltage at the time of charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected at the detection step. An open circuit voltage calculation step for calculating the capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected in the detection step; an open circuit voltage calculated in the open circuit voltage calculation step; And a true / false determining step of determining whether or not the battery is a genuine product based on the capacity calculated in the capacity calculating step.

  The battery authenticity determination apparatus and battery authenticity determination method according to the present invention are particularly useful for determining whether or not a lead battery used in an electric vehicle is a genuine product.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Sensor part 101 Voltage sensor 102 Current sensor 200 Calculation part 201 Open circuit voltage calculation part 202 Capacity calculation part 300 Storage part 400 Authenticity determination part 401 Change amount calculation part 402 Comparison part 403 Exchange detection part 500 Notification part

Claims (11)

A sensor unit for detecting battery terminal voltage and charge / discharge current;
An open circuit voltage calculation unit that calculates at least one open circuit voltage during charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected by the sensor unit;
A capacity calculation unit that calculates the capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected by the sensor unit;
A true / false determining unit that determines whether the battery is a genuine product based on the open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculating unit and the capacity calculated by the capacity calculating unit. The authenticity determination device for the battery.   The true / false determination unit includes a difference between the open circuit voltage calculated by the open circuit voltage calculation unit last time and the open circuit voltage calculated this time, and a capacity calculated by the capacity calculation unit for a calculation period from the previous time to the current time. 2. The battery according to claim 1, wherein an amount of change in the open circuit voltage per capacity is calculated based on the amount of change, and whether or not the battery is a genuine product is determined based on the amount of change. Authenticity determination device.   The said authenticity determination part determines that the said battery is a regular product when the said variation | change_quantity corresponds with the predetermined variation | change_quantity corresponding to the regular product of the said battery. Battery authenticity determination device.   4. The battery authenticity determination device according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined change amount is a change amount of the open circuit voltage per the capacity previously calculated by the authenticity determination unit. A storage unit for storing the predetermined change amount;
The true / false determination unit updates the predetermined change amount stored in the storage unit with the change amount of the open circuit voltage per capacity calculated this time when it is determined that the battery is a genuine product. The authenticity determination apparatus of the battery of Claim 3 or Claim 4 characterized by these. The open circuit voltage calculation unit calculates an open circuit voltage after full charge and an open circuit voltage after traveling for a predetermined time;
The capacity calculation unit calculates an accumulated electric amount from the calculation of the open circuit voltage after full charge until the calculation of the open circuit voltage after traveling for the predetermined time as the capacity of the battery. A battery authenticity determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   7. The battery according to claim 1, further comprising notification means for notifying the user to replace the battery when the authenticity determination unit determines that the battery is not a genuine product. True / false judgment device. Further comprising a deterioration detector for detecting deterioration of the battery;
8. The battery authenticity determination device according to claim 7, wherein the notifying unit performs a notification prompting replacement of the battery when the deterioration detecting unit detects deterioration of the battery. A replacement detection unit for detecting whether or not the battery has been replaced;
9. The authenticity determination unit according to claim 1, wherein when the replacement detection unit detects replacement of the battery, the genuineness determination unit determines whether or not the replaced battery is a genuine product. The authenticity determination apparatus of the battery as described.   The battery authenticity determination device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery is a lead storage battery for driving an electric vehicle. A detection step for detecting a battery terminal voltage and a charge / discharge current;
An open circuit voltage calculating step of calculating at least one open circuit voltage during charging and discharging based on the terminal voltage detected in the detecting step;
A capacity calculating step for calculating the capacity of the battery based on the charge / discharge current detected in the detecting step;
A true / false determination step for determining whether or not the battery is a genuine product based on the open circuit voltage calculated in the open circuit voltage calculation step and the capacity calculated in the capacity calculation step. A method for determining whether a battery is true or false.