CN109633471A - Method for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery - Google Patents

Method for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109633471A
CN109633471A CN201811579735.9A CN201811579735A CN109633471A CN 109633471 A CN109633471 A CN 109633471A CN 201811579735 A CN201811579735 A CN 201811579735A CN 109633471 A CN109633471 A CN 109633471A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
charge
state
scheduled duration
terminal voltage
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CN201811579735.9A
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Inventor
申力方
魏潇
申江龙
王宁宁
宿斌
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Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
Northern Altair Nanotechnologies Co Ltd
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Yinlong New Energy Co Ltd
Northern Altair Nanotechnologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811579735.9A priority Critical patent/CN109633471A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/005Testing of electric installations on transport means
    • G01R31/006Testing of electric installations on transport means on road vehicles, e.g. automobiles or trucks

Abstract

The method of the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship that the present invention provides a kind of for determining battery, multiple single step charging process and multiple single step discharge process are carried out to battery first, and after the completion of each charging process and discharge process, the relevant parameter of battery is recorded, and it is handled using mathematical method according to the relevant parameter of the battery of record, corresponding relationship between the final state-of-charge and open terminal voltage for obtaining battery, in order to carry out supposition determination by electricity of the open terminal voltage to battery, with guarantee user can the electricity to battery grasped in real time, promote the usage experience of user.

Description

Method for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of batteries, and in particular to a kind of state-of-charge for determining battery is corresponding with open terminal voltage The method of relationship.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery has many advantages, such as that energy density is high, has extended cycle life, is environmentally friendly, therefore, not only in 3C Digital domain is applied widely, and is also developed rapidly in electric automobiles in recent years.Wherein, lithium titanate battery is lithium Widely used one kind in battery, lithium titanate battery is since wide with temperature range of operation, charge-discharge magnification is high, the circulation longevity The advantages that life is long, highly-safe, becomes the optimal selection of power vehicle and power grid frequency modulation field.
In use, state-of-charge SOC (state of charge) indicates battery current residual to lithium titanate battery Electricity, be one measurement lithium titanate battery performance quality important indicator.State-of-charge SOC can not directly measure acquisition, only It can be estimated and be obtained by existing certain methods, due to end voltage OCV (the open circuit under the open-circuit condition of battery Voltage it) can be measured, therefore existing commonly a kind of method is to utilize the end under state-of-charge SOC and open-circuit condition The one-to-one relationship of voltage OCV (open circuit voltage) estimates the state-of-charge SOC of lithium titanate battery, i.e., logical It crosses after the end voltage OCV under the battery open circuit state that measurement obtains by searching for acquisition state-of-charge SOC.
But end voltage OCV (the open circuit under the existing state-of-charge SOC and open-circuit condition for obtaining battery Voltage the method for one-to-one relationship) can not obtain accurate corresponding relationship, and the data value obtained is very coarse, nothing Method accurately deduces the state-of-charge SOC of battery, also cannot accurately obtain battery and count out money remaining electricity.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the state-of-charge that one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of for determining battery and open end electricity The method for pressing corresponding relationship, to solve to obtain the corresponding pass end voltage OCV under state-of-charge SOC and open-circuit condition in the prior art The method of system can not obtain both above-mentioned.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, which is characterized in that more Branch battery follows the steps below test:
S1, the more batteries stand scheduled duration at a predetermined temperature;
S2, the battery are to stand the first scheduled duration after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value;
S3, the battery are charged to electric current with constant pressure second voltage value and are less than with 1C constant-current charge to second voltage value The second scheduled duration is stood after 0.05C;
S4, the battery are to stand third scheduled duration, electricity described in the step after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value The discharge capacity in pond is the capacity cap of the battery;
S5, the battery judge whether the voltage of the battery is greater than second electricity with 1C constant-current charge length of testing speech Pressure value, if so, S7 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S6, wherein be filled with the charging capacity of battery described in the step as the single step of the battery Capacity C capn, wherein n is positive integer;
S6, the 4th scheduled duration of the battery standing for having executed S5, record the last moment of the 4th scheduled duration The battery open terminal voltage CVnAnd return to S5;
After S7, the 5th scheduled duration of the battery standing, the battery judges the electricity with 1C constant-current discharge length of testing speech Whether the open terminal voltage in pond is less than the first voltage value, if so, S9 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S8, wherein it is Dcap that capacity is released in the single step of battery described in the stepn
S8, the 6th scheduled duration of the battery standing for having executed S7, record the last moment of the 6th scheduled duration The battery open terminal voltage DVnAnd return to S7;
After S9, the 7th scheduled duration of the battery standing, the battery is with 1C constant-current charge to 2.3V, and with constant pressure 2.3V Electric current is charged to less than 0.05C.
Preferably, the quantity of the battery is 30 to 50;And/or
The steady temperature is 25 to 30 DEG C;And/or
Scheduled duration is 4 to 8 hours.
Preferably, first scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes;And/or
Second scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes;And/or
The third scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
4th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
5th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
6th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
7th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
The first voltage value is 1.5V;And/or
The second voltage value is 2.9V.
Preferably, the length of testing speech is 90 seconds, 60 seconds or 30 seconds.
Preferably, capacity C cap is filled with according to the single step of the batterynIt calculates acquisition the accumulative of battery and is filled with capacity Ccn,
Wherein, it calculates acquisition the accumulative of battery and is filled with capacity C cnMethod include:
Cc1=Ccap1,
Cc2=Cc1+Ccap2... ...,
Ccn=Ccn-1+Ccapn
Preferably, the acquisition battery is calculated according to the accumulative capacity cap for being filled with electricity and the battery of the battery Single step be filled with the state-of-charge SOC of the corresponding battery of capacityn(C)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(C)=Ccn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(C)With the battery opening during charging measurement Wire-end voltage CVnIt is corresponded.
Preferably, capacity Dcap is released according to the single step of the batterynCalculate the accumulative releasing capacity for obtaining the battery Dcn,
Wherein, the accumulative releasing capacity Dc for obtaining the battery is calculatednMethod include:
Dc1=Dcap1,
Dc2=Dc1+Dcap2... ...,
Dcn=Dcn-1+Dcapn
Preferably, it is calculated according to the capacity cap of the accumulative releasing electricity of the battery and the battery and obtains the battery Single step release the state-of-charge SOC of the corresponding battery of capacityn(D)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(D)=1-Dcn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(D)With the battery opening during discharge test Wire-end voltage DVnIt is corresponded.
Preferably, according to predetermined way to the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numerical value divided, and will through division Numerical value and the battery open terminal voltage CVnAnd DVnIt is corresponded.
Preferably, the predetermined way includes the first predetermined way, the second predetermined way and third predetermined way, and described the One predetermined way includes by the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numerical value in 0% to 1% range, take one at interval of 0.2% Numerical point;
Second predetermined way includes by the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numberical range in 1% to 99% range It is interior, a numerical point is taken at interval of 1%;
The third predetermined way includes taking by the numberical range in 99% to 100% range at interval of 0.2% One numerical point.
The method of the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship for determining battery in the application, can obtain more Add accurate corresponding relationship, in order to carry out supposition determination by electricity of the open terminal voltage to battery, to guarantee that user can The electricity of battery is grasped in real time, promotes the usage experience of user.
Detailed description of the invention
By referring to the drawings to the description of the embodiment of the present invention, the above and other purposes of the present invention, feature and Advantage will be apparent from, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of the determination battery of specific embodiment of the invention offer Method flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Below based on embodiment, present invention is described, it should be understood by one skilled in the art that provided herein Attached drawing is provided to the purpose of explanation, and attached drawing is not necessarily drawn to scale.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, "include", "comprise" otherwise throughout the specification and claims etc. are similar Word should be construed as the meaning for including rather than exclusive or exhaustive meaning;That is, be " including but not limited to " contains Justice.
The method of the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship that this application provides a kind of for determining battery, first Battery single step in the charge state is obtained by test be filled with single step under capacity and discharge condition and release capacity, and to testing Open terminal voltage in journey is recorded, and carries out corresponding data processing to above-mentioned data, to obtain the state-of-charge of battery With the corresponding relationship of open terminal voltage.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship for determining battery in the application In, experimental test is followed the steps below to more batteries:
S1, more batteries stand scheduled duration at a predetermined temperature;
S2, battery are to stand the first scheduled duration after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value;
In this step, the first scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes, preferably 5 minutes;The first voltage value is 1.5V.
S3, battery charge to electric current less than 0.05C with constant pressure second voltage value with 1C constant-current charge to second voltage value After stand the second scheduled duration;
In this step, the second scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes, preferably 5 minutes;Second voltage value is 2.9V.
S4, battery are to stand third scheduled duration after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value, the electric discharge of battery in the step Capacity is the capacity cap of battery;
In this step, third scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour.
S5, battery judge whether the voltage of battery is greater than second voltage value with 1C constant-current charge length of testing speech, if so, S7 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S6, wherein be filled with capacity for the charging capacity of battery in the step as the single step of battery Ccapn, wherein n is positive integer;
In this step, length of testing speech is 90 seconds, 60 seconds or 30 seconds, and length of testing speech is shorter, obtains during the test Data dot values are more, so as to obtain more accurate test result.
S6, the 4th scheduled duration of battery standing for having executed S5 record the battery of the last moment of the 4th scheduled duration Open terminal voltage CVnAnd return to S5;
In this step, the 4th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour.
After S7, the 5th scheduled duration of battery standing, battery judges the open end electricity of battery with 1C constant-current discharge length of testing speech Whether pressure is less than the first voltage value, if so, S9 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S8, wherein it is Dcap that capacity is released in the single step of battery in the stepn
In this step, the 5th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour.
S8, the 6th scheduled duration of battery standing for having executed S7 record the battery of the last moment of the 6th scheduled duration Open terminal voltage DVnAnd return to S7;
In this step, the 6th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour.
After S9, the 7th scheduled duration of battery standing, battery charges to electricity with 1C constant-current charge to 2.3V with constant pressure 2.3V Stream is less than 0.05C.
In this step, the 7th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour.By the step, can guarantee Battery is maintained at suitable electricity.
In above-mentioned testing procedure, the quantity of battery is 30 to 50, to guarantee that there is enough sample sizes, thus The state-of-charge and open terminal voltage that the battery caused by lacking because of sample size in test result can be reduced are in corresponding process Error.Steady temperature during above-mentioned test is 25 to 30 DEG C, preferably 25 DEG C, is preferably prevented battery in incubator It is stood, it, will not be excessively high because of temperature to guarantee that battery is at optimal state during test of the later period to battery Or it is too low and the performance of battery is had an impact.And need to pay attention to when, according to the of different sizes of battery, battery standing it is pre- Periodically a length of 4 to 8 hours, big battery preferably stood 8 hours, and baby battery preferably stands 4 hours, to guarantee the surface of battery and interior Portion can be maintained at preference temperature.
After data during having carried out above-mentioned test process and to above-mentioned test record, to above-mentioned test process Data perform corresponding processing, with guarantee obtain battery state-of-charge and open terminal voltage between it is accurate corresponding Relationship, so as to obtain the state of charge of corresponding battery according to open terminal voltage.To the concrete processing procedure of above-mentioned data In it is as follows:
Capacity C cap is filled with according to the single step of batterynIt calculates acquisition the accumulative of battery and is filled with capacity C cn, wherein it calculates and obtains The accumulative of battery is filled with capacity C cnMethod include:
Cc1=Ccap1,
Cc2=Cc1+Ccap2... ...,
Ccn=Ccn-1+Ccapn
Wherein, after carrying out length of testing speech charging to battery with 1C constant current each time, capacity all is filled with to the single step of battery It is recorded.After multiple length of testing speech is with 1C constant-current charge, battery can be obtained by the above method and tested above-mentioned Add up the capacity being filled in journey.Wherein, what n was represented is that the single step carried out is filled with the number of process, namely fills to battery In electric process, the step of how many times are charged with 1C constant current has been carried out in total.
Further, appearance is filled with according to the single step of the accumulative capacity cap calculating acquisition battery for being filled with electricity and battery of battery Measure the state-of-charge SOC of corresponding batteryn(C)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(C)=Ccn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(C)With open terminal voltage of battery during charging measurement CVnIt is corresponded.
Further, capacity Dcap is released according to the single step of batterynCalculate the accumulative releasing capacity Dc for obtaining batteryn,
Wherein, the accumulative releasing capacity Dc for obtaining battery is calculatednMethod include:
Dc1=Dcap1,
Dc2=Dc1+Dcap2... ...,
Dcn=Dcn-1+Dcapn
Wherein, after carrying out length of testing speech electric discharge to battery with 1C constant current each time, capacity all is released to the single step of battery It is recorded.After multiple length of testing speech is with 1C constant-current discharge, battery can be obtained by the above method and tested above-mentioned Add up the capacity released in journey.Wherein, what n was represented is that the number of process is released in the single step carried out, namely is put to battery In electric process, the step of how many times are discharged with 1C constant current has been carried out in total.
Further, it is put according to the single step that the capacity cap of the accumulative releasing electricity of battery and battery calculates acquisition battery The state-of-charge SOC of the corresponding battery of capacity outn(D)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(D)=1-Dcn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(D)With open terminal voltage of battery during discharge test DVnIt is corresponded.
Further, according to predetermined way to SOCn(D)And SOCn(c)Numerical value divided, and will through division number The open terminal voltage CV of value and batterynAnd DVnIt is corresponded.Wherein, predetermined way include the first predetermined way, it is second pre- Determine mode and third predetermined way, the first predetermined way includes by SOCn(D)And SOCn(c)Numerical value in 0% to 1% range, often Interval 0.2% takes a numerical point.Second predetermined way includes by SOCn(D)And SOCn(c)Numberical range in 1% to 99% model In enclosing, a numerical point is taken at interval of 1%.Third predetermined way include by numberical range in 99% to 100% range, often Interval 0.2% takes a numerical point.After the completion of carrying out above-mentioned numerical division, by SOCn(D)What is obtained during discharge opens Wire-end voltage DVnIt is corresponded to, by SOCn(c)With the open terminal voltage CV obtained during the charging processnIt is corresponded to.
Due to the open terminal voltage CV in charging processnWith the open terminal voltage DV in discharge processnCalculation method phase Together, therefore, below with the open terminal voltage CV in charging processnFor, in the application calculating and corresponding method say It is bright.Demarcate SOC1(c)Corresponding open terminal voltage CV is obtained when equal to 0% for charging process1, demarcate SOCn(c)When equal to 100% Corresponding open terminal voltage CV is obtained for charging processn.Demarcate SOC2(c)It is obtained pair when equal to 0.2% for charging process The open terminal voltage CV answered2Calculation method are as follows:
If SOC1(c)To SOCn(c)In have just a value be 0.2%, then 0.2% it is corresponding be directly exactly open terminal voltage CV2Value.If in SOC1(c)To SOCn(c)In can not find 0.2%, then look for and SOC1(c)Adjacent SOC2(c)、SOC3(c)Successively class It pushes away.When occurring meeting SOCm-1(c)< 0.2% < SOCm(c), wherein 0 < m < n, at this point, SOCm-1(c)And SOCm(c)Corresponding open circuit Hold voltage CVmAnd CVm-1Then it is demarcated as SOC(c)For 0.2% corresponding open terminal voltage CV:
I.e.
Demarcate SOCn(c)For 0.4% to 99.8% corresponding CVnCalculation method with demarcating SOCn(c)It is corresponding for 0.2% CVnMethod it is identical, details are not described herein.
It is corresponding with open terminal voltage by testing the state-of-charge that more accurate battery can be obtained in about 30 batteries Relationship.The state-of-charge for obtaining 2 pairs of batteries and open terminal voltage (charging is a pair of, and electric discharge is a pair of) of each battery, 30 electricity Pond can obtain the state-of-charge of 60 pairs of batteries and the corresponding relationship of open terminal voltage.
In addition, it should be noted that single step charge capacity and single step in method in the application release electricity also It can be 0.5C and 1.5C etc..

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method of state-of-charge for determining battery and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship, which is characterized in that more Battery follows the steps below test:
S1, the more batteries stand scheduled duration at a predetermined temperature;
S2, the battery are to stand the first scheduled duration after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value;
S3, the battery charge to electric current less than 0.05C with constant pressure second voltage value with 1C constant-current charge to second voltage value After stand the second scheduled duration;
S4, the battery with after 1C constant-current discharge to the first voltage value stand third scheduled duration, battery described in the step Discharge capacity is the capacity cap of the battery;
S5, the battery judge whether the voltage of the battery is greater than the second voltage value with 1C constant-current charge length of testing speech, If so, S7 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S6, wherein be filled with capacity for the charging capacity of battery described in the step as the single step of the battery Ccapn, wherein n is positive integer;
S6, the 4th scheduled duration of the battery standing for having executed S5, record the institute of the last moment of the 4th scheduled duration State the open terminal voltage CV of batterynAnd return to S5;
After S7, the 5th scheduled duration of the battery standing, the battery judges the battery with 1C constant-current discharge length of testing speech Whether open terminal voltage is less than the first voltage value, if so, S9 is executed,
If it is not, then executing S8, wherein it is Dcap that capacity is released in the single step of battery described in the stepn
S8, the 6th scheduled duration of the battery standing for having executed S7, record the institute of the last moment of the 6th scheduled duration State the open terminal voltage DV of batterynAnd return to S7;
After S9, the 7th scheduled duration of the battery standing, the battery is charged with 1C constant-current charge to 2.3V with constant pressure 2.3V It is less than 0.05C to electric current.
2. the method according to claim 1 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, the quantity of the battery is 30 to 50;And/or
The steady temperature is 25 to 30 DEG C;And/or
Scheduled duration is 4 to 8 hours.
3. the method according to claim 1 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, first scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes;And/or
Second scheduled duration is 5 to 15 minutes;And/or
The third scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
4th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
5th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
6th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
7th scheduled duration is 1 hour to 2 hours;And/or
The first voltage value is 1.5V;And/or
The second voltage value is 2.9V.
4. the method according to claim 1 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, the length of testing speech is 90 seconds, 60 seconds or 30 seconds.
5. the method according to claim 1 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, capacity C cap is filled with according to the single step of the batterynIt calculates acquisition the accumulative of battery and is filled with capacity C cn,
Wherein, it calculates acquisition the accumulative of battery and is filled with capacity C cnMethod include:
Cc1=Ccap1,
Cc2=Cc1+Ccap2... ...,
Ccn=Ccn-1+Ccapn
6. the method according to claim 5 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, according to the single step of the accumulative capacity cap calculating acquisition battery for being filled with electricity and the battery of the battery It is filled with the state-of-charge SOC of the corresponding battery of capacityn(C)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(C)=Ccn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(C)With open end electricity of battery during charging measurement Press CVnIt is corresponded.
7. the method according to claim 6 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, capacity Dcap is released according to the single step of the batterynCalculate the accumulative releasing capacity Dc for obtaining the batteryn,
Wherein, the accumulative releasing capacity Dc for obtaining the battery is calculatednMethod include:
Dc1=Dcap1,
Dc2=Dc1+Dcap2... ...,
Dcn=Dcn-1+Dcapn
8. the method according to claim 7 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, the single step for obtaining the battery is calculated according to the capacity cap of the accumulative releasing electricity of the battery and the battery Release the state-of-charge SOC of the corresponding battery of capacityn(D)Value,
Wherein, calculation method includes:
SOCn(D)=1-Dcn/ cap*100, unit: %;
And the state-of-charge SOC that the battery obtained will be calculatedn(D)With open end electricity of battery during discharge test Press DVnIt is corresponded.
9. the method according to claim 8 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, according to predetermined way to the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numerical value divided, and will through division numerical value With the open terminal voltage CV of the batterynAnd DVnIt is corresponded.
10. the method according to claim 9 for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery, It is characterized in that, the predetermined way includes the first predetermined way, the second predetermined way and third predetermined way, and described first is predetermined Mode includes by the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numerical value in 0% to 1% range, take a numerical value at interval of 0.2% Point;
Second predetermined way includes by the SOCn(D)With the SOCn(c)Numberical range in 1% to 99% range, often Interval 1% takes a numerical point;
The third predetermined way includes taking one at interval of 0.2% by the numberical range in 99% to 100% range Numerical point.
CN201811579735.9A 2018-12-24 2018-12-24 Method for determining the state-of-charge and open terminal voltage corresponding relationship of battery Pending CN109633471A (en)

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