JP2015194488A

JP2015194488A - position detecting device

Info

Publication number: JP2015194488A
Application number: JP2015052222A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 栄作新井; Eisaku Arai
Original assignee: Macome Corp
Current assignee: Macome Corp
Priority date: 2014-03-27
Filing date: 2015-03-16
Publication date: 2015-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 2035-03-16
Also published as: JP6145467B2

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a position detecting device not affected by a detection distance between a detected part and a detection part when detecting a position of the detected part using at least two detection parts.SOLUTION: A position detecting device 1 includes: a detected part 2 mounted on an object whose position is detected; and at least two detection parts 3, 4 arranged apart from each other and detecting a physical amount from the detected part, respectively, and obtains a position of the detected part from two output signals obtained by adjacent two detection parts. The position detecting device 1 further includes: an arithmetic operation part 10 for dividing a value based on a difference signal between these two output signals by the value raising the sum signal of two output signals to an N-th power (real number of n>1); and an output part 11 for outputting an output value from the arithmetic operation part.

Description

本発明は、移動可能な被検出部の位置を少なくとも２個の検出部で得られた物理量から求める位置検出装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a position detection apparatus that obtains the position of a movable detection target part from physical quantities obtained by at least two detection parts.

移動する物体の位置を検出する場合、例えば、磁石やホール素子を用いた磁気検出方式による位置検出装置が知られている。この磁気検出方式では、磁石が移動する物体に取り付けられ、例えば２個のホール素子が互いに離間して実装基板上に配置されている。そして、各ホール素子が磁石からの磁力をそれぞれ検出し、その検出された信号の大きさから磁石の位置を求める。 In the case of detecting the position of a moving object, for example, a position detection device using a magnetic detection method using a magnet or a Hall element is known. In this magnetic detection system, a magnet is attached to a moving object, and for example, two Hall elements are arranged on a mounting board so as to be separated from each other. Each Hall element detects the magnetic force from the magnet, and obtains the position of the magnet from the magnitude of the detected signal.

ここで、各ホール素子で検出された信号の大きさは、磁石と各ホール素子との間の検出距離によって異なる。このため、例えば、特許文献１，２には、各ホール素子からの出力信号の差信号を各出力信号の和信号で除算した値から、移動する磁石の位置を求める技術が開示されている。 Here, the magnitude of the signal detected by each Hall element differs depending on the detection distance between the magnet and each Hall element. For this reason, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose techniques for obtaining the position of a moving magnet from a value obtained by dividing a difference signal of output signals from each Hall element by a sum signal of the respective output signals.

特開２００４−３４８１７３号公報JP 2004-348173 A 特開２０１１−３８９１９号公報JP 2011-38919 A 特開２０１１−６６４８６号公報JP 2011-66486 A

しかしながら、特許文献１，２のように、各出力信号の差信号を各出力信号の和信号で除算した値を用いると、線形に近い距離の信号が得られないという問題がある。 However, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, if a value obtained by dividing the difference signal of each output signal by the sum signal of each output signal is used, there is a problem in that a signal having a linear distance cannot be obtained.

また、特許文献３に記載の位置検出回路では、ホール素子の出力信号を検出するための一般的な回路として差動増幅回路を用い、この差動増幅回路の出力信号とＡＤ変換回路の信号入力範囲とを合わせるために差動増幅回路に所定の基準電圧を設けて、この基準電圧を中心電圧とするように差動増幅回路の出力信号を変換してＡＤ変換回路に入力する構成をとった際に、基準電圧に起因する位置検出誤差を少なくする方法が記載されている。しかしながら、特許文献３も、特許文献１，２と同様に、検出軸上に配置された２つの検出素子の出力信号から和信号と差信号を生成し、これらの商を求めて正規化したものにすぎない。 In the position detection circuit described in Patent Document 3, a differential amplifier circuit is used as a general circuit for detecting the output signal of the Hall element, and the output signal of the differential amplifier circuit and the signal input of the AD conversion circuit are used. In order to match the range, a predetermined reference voltage is provided in the differential amplifier circuit, and the output signal of the differential amplifier circuit is converted and input to the AD converter circuit so that the reference voltage is the central voltage. In this case, a method for reducing the position detection error caused by the reference voltage is described. However, Patent Document 3 also generates the sum signal and the difference signal from the output signals of the two detection elements arranged on the detection axis and normalizes them by calculating their quotients, similarly to Patent Documents 1 and 2. Only.

本発明は、上述のような実情に鑑みてなされたもので、少なくとも２個の検出部を用いて被検出部の位置を検出する場合、被検出部と検出部との間の検出距離の影響を受けない位置検出装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when detecting the position of a detected portion using at least two detecting portions, the influence of the detection distance between the detected portion and the detecting portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a position detection device that is not subject to interference.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の第１の技術手段は、位置検出される物体に取り付けられた被検出部と、互いに離間して配置され、前記被検出部からの物理量をそれぞれ検出する少なくとも２個の検出部とを備え、隣接する２個の該検出部で得られた２つの出力信号から前記被検出部の位置を求める位置検出装置であって、前記２つの出力信号の差信号に基づいた値を、前記２つの出力信号の和信号をｎ乗（ただしｎ＞１の実数）した値で除算する演算部と、該演算部からの出力値を出力する出力部とを備えることを特徴としたものである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, the first technical means of the present invention is configured to detect a physical quantity from each of the detected parts attached to the object whose position is to be detected and spaced apart from each other. And a position detection device for determining the position of the detected part from two output signals obtained by two adjacent detection parts, the difference signal between the two output signals. An arithmetic unit that divides a value based on the sum of the two output signals by a value obtained by dividing the sum signal of the two output signals to the n-th power (where n> 1 is a real number), and an output unit that outputs an output value from the arithmetic unit It is characterized by.

第２の技術手段は、前記ｎが１．５から２．２までの範囲の値であることを特徴としたものである。
第３の技術手段は、前記被検出部は磁石であり、前記検出部は磁気検出素子を含むことを特徴としたものである。
第４の技術手段は、前記被検出部は送信コイルを含み、前記検出部は検出コイルを含むことを特徴としたものである。 The second technical means is characterized in that n is a value in the range from 1.5 to 2.2.
The third technical means is characterized in that the detected part is a magnet and the detecting part includes a magnetic detecting element.
According to a fourth technical means, the detected part includes a transmission coil, and the detection part includes a detection coil.

第５の技術手段は、前記被検出部は導電体を含み、前記検出部は、前記被検出部の導電体と容量結合する導電体を含むことを特徴としたものである。
第６の技術手段は、前記検出部が格子状に配置されることを特徴としたものである。 According to a fifth technical means, the detected part includes a conductor, and the detecting part includes a conductor capacitively coupled to the conductor of the detected part.
A sixth technical means is characterized in that the detection units are arranged in a grid pattern.

本発明によれば、演算部では、検出部で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号に基づいた値を、この２つの出力信号の和信号をｎ乗（ただしｎ＞１）した値で除算しており、この割る数が従来（ｎ＝１）に比べて非常に大きな値になるので、演算部では小さな演算結果が得られる。よって、被検出部と検出部との間の検出距離が変動してもその変動の影響を抑制でき、演算部で得られた値がリニアな特性を持つことができる。この結果、被検出部の位置検出誤差が小さくなる。 According to the present invention, the calculation unit divides the value based on the difference signal between the two output signals obtained by the detection unit by the value obtained by raising the sum signal of the two output signals to the nth power (where n> 1). In this case, the division number is very large as compared with the conventional case (n = 1), so that a small calculation result can be obtained in the calculation unit. Therefore, even if the detection distance between the detection unit and the detection unit varies, the influence of the variation can be suppressed, and the value obtained by the calculation unit can have a linear characteristic. As a result, the position detection error of the detected portion is reduced.

本発明の位置検出装置に適用可能な回路ブロック図である。It is a circuit block diagram applicable to the position detection device of the present invention. 本発明の被検出部および検出部の配置を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the to-be-detected part and detection part of this invention. （Ａ）は第１実施例による磁束密度と磁石の位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第１実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と磁石の位置との関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the magnetic flux density by 1st Example, and the position of a magnet, (B) is a figure which shows the relationship between the difference signal of two output signals by 1st Example, and the position of a magnet. . （Ａ）は第１実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と磁石の位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第１実施例による演算部の演算結果と磁石の位置の関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the sum signal of two output signals by 1st Example, and the position of a magnet, (B) is a figure which shows the relationship between the calculation result of the calculating part by 1st Example, and the position of a magnet. It is. 比較例による演算結果と磁石の位置の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the calculation result by a comparative example, and the position of a magnet. 比較例による演算結果と磁石の位置の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the calculation result by a comparative example, and the position of a magnet. 第２実施例による検出コイルおよび送信コイルの配置を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the detection coil and transmission coil by 2nd Example. （Ａ）は第２実施例による振幅と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the amplitude by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil, (B) is a figure which shows the relationship between the difference signal of two output signals by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil. . （Ａ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第２実施例による演算部の演算結果と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the sum signal of two output signals by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil, (B) shows the relationship between the calculation result of the calculating part by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil. FIG. 第２実施例による検出コイルおよび送信コイルの配置を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the detection coil and transmission coil by 2nd Example. （Ａ）は第２実施例による振幅と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the amplitude by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil, (B) is a figure which shows the relationship between the difference signal of two output signals by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil. . （Ａ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、（Ｂ）は第２実施例による演算部の演算結果と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。(A) is a figure which shows the relationship between the sum signal of two output signals by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil, (B) shows the relationship between the calculation result of the calculating part by 2nd Example, and the position of a transmission coil. FIG. 第３実施例による送信コイルおよび検出コイルの配置を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the transmission coil and detection coil by 3rd Example. 第１実施例による検出部を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the detection part by 1st Example. 第２実施例による被検出部および検出部を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the to-be-detected part and detection part by 2nd Example. 第４実施例による被検出部および検出部を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the to-be-detected part and detection part by 4th Example. 第５実施例による電極の配置を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating arrangement | positioning of the electrode by 5th Example.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の位置検出装置について説明する。図１は、本発明の位置検出装置に適用可能な回路ブロック図であり、図２は、本発明の被検出部および検出部の配置を説明するための図である。
図１に示すように、位置検出装置１は、被検出部２の位置を２個の検出部３，４で得られた物理量（例えば、静磁界、交流磁界、音など）から求めることができる。 The position detection apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram applicable to the position detection apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of detected parts and detection parts of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the position detection device 1 can determine the position of the detected portion 2 from physical quantities (for example, a static magnetic field, an alternating magnetic field, and a sound) obtained by the two detection portions 3 and 4. .

被検出部２は移動する物体に取り付けられており、例えば非接触式の変位センサに取り付けられた検出部３，４に対して移動自在である。
検出部３，４は、同じ性能を有して図２に示す実装基板５の表面に実装され、その検出面が被検出部２を通る軸（Ｚ軸）に向いている。また、検出部３，４は、例えばＸ軸上の対称位置に互いに離間して配置されている。 The detected portion 2 is attached to a moving object, and is movable with respect to the detecting portions 3 and 4 attached to, for example, a non-contact type displacement sensor.
The detection units 3 and 4 have the same performance and are mounted on the surface of the mounting substrate 5 shown in FIG. 2, and the detection surface faces the axis (Z axis) passing through the detected portion 2. Moreover, the detection parts 3 and 4 are arrange | positioned mutually spaced apart in the symmetrical position on the X-axis, for example.

このため、被検出部２が２個の検出部３，４を結ぶ線に対して平行に移動し、例えば原点の位置から検出部３に近づくと、検出部３からの出力信号（検出値をＡとする）が大きくなり、検出部４からの出力信号（検出値をＢとする）が小さくなる。一方、例えば原点の位置から検出部４に近づくと、検出部４からの出力信号Ｂが大きくなり、検出部３からの出力信号Ａが小さくなる。 For this reason, when the detected part 2 moves in parallel to the line connecting the two detecting parts 3 and 4, for example, when it approaches the detecting part 3 from the position of the origin, an output signal (detected value is detected from the detecting part 3). A) increases, and the output signal from the detection unit 4 (detection value B) decreases. On the other hand, for example, when approaching the detection unit 4 from the position of the origin, the output signal B from the detection unit 4 increases and the output signal A from the detection unit 3 decreases.

検出部３からの出力信号Ａは、アンプ７ａで増幅された後、Ａ／Ｄコンバータ８ａでデジタル変換されてマイコン９に入力される。また、検出部４からの出力信号Ｂも、アンプ７ｂ、Ａ／Ｄコンバータ８ｂを経由してマイコン９に入力される。マイコン９は演算部１０や出力部１１を有している。
ここで、演算部１０は、検出部３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号に基づいた値を、これら２つの出力信号の和信号をｎ乗（ｎ＞１の実数）した値で除算する。 The output signal A from the detection unit 3 is amplified by the amplifier 7a, then digitally converted by the A / D converter 8a, and input to the microcomputer 9. The output signal B from the detection unit 4 is also input to the microcomputer 9 via the amplifier 7b and the A / D converter 8b. The microcomputer 9 has a calculation unit 10 and an output unit 11.
Here, the calculation unit 10 is a value obtained by calculating the value based on the difference signal between the two output signals obtained by the detection units 3 and 4 to the nth power (n> 1 real number) of the sum signal of the two output signals. Divide by.

より詳しくは、２つの出力信号Ａ，Ｂを用い、所定の定数、例えば、検出対象となる物理量、被検出部２や検出部３，４の構造や形状などに応じて設定される定数をｋとすると、演算部１０は式１に示すように演算する。
ｋ（Ａ−Ｂ）／（Ａ＋Ｂ）ⁿ …式１ More specifically, the two output signals A and B are used, and a predetermined constant, for example, a constant set according to the physical quantity to be detected, the structure and shape of the detected part 2 and the detection parts 3 and 4, and the like. Then, the calculation unit 10 calculates as shown in Equation 1.
k (A−B) / (A + B) ⁿ Formula 1

演算部１０の演算結果は出力部１１に入力され、出力部１１は、この演算部１０で得られた値から被検出部２を移動させる例えばモータ（図示省略）に出力する。
なお、図２で示した検出部３，４はＸ軸上の対称位置に配置されているが、Ｙ軸上の対称位置にも互いに離間した２個の検出部を配置し、平面上な位置を検出してもよい。 The calculation result of the calculation unit 10 is input to the output unit 11, and the output unit 11 outputs the detected unit 2 from the value obtained by the calculation unit 10 to, for example, a motor (not shown).
The detection units 3 and 4 shown in FIG. 2 are arranged at symmetric positions on the X axis, but two detection units that are separated from each other are also arranged at the symmetric positions on the Y axis so that they are positioned on the plane. May be detected.

（第１実施例）
第１実施例は磁気検出方式の位置検出装置である。このため、被検出部２は静磁界を発生する磁石であり、検出部３，４は例えばホール素子の例を挙げるが、半導体磁気抵抗素子、感磁性体磁気抵抗素子、ＧＭＲ素子等の磁気検出素子を用いることもできる。
図３（Ａ）は第１実施例による磁束密度と磁石の位置との関係を示す図、図３（Ｂ）は第１実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と磁石の位置との関係を示す図であり、図４（Ａ）は第１実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と磁石の位置との関係を示す図、図４（Ｂ）は第１実施例による演算部の演算結果と磁石の位置の関係を示す図である。 (First embodiment)
The first embodiment is a magnetic detection type position detection device. For this reason, the detected portion 2 is a magnet that generates a static magnetic field, and the detecting portions 3 and 4 are, for example, Hall elements, but magnetic detection of semiconductor magnetoresistive elements, magnetosensitive magnetoresistive elements, GMR elements, etc. An element can also be used.
FIG. 3A shows the relationship between the magnetic flux density and the magnet position according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3B shows the relationship between the difference signal between the two output signals and the magnet position according to the first embodiment. 4A is a diagram showing a relationship between the sum signal of two output signals and the position of the magnet according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a calculation result of the calculation unit according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the position of a magnet.

図１４は、第１実施例による検出部を説明するための図である。本発明の検出部とは、物理量（例えば、静磁界、交流磁界、音、電界など）を電気信号に変換するものである。詳しくは、第１実施例でいえば、ホール素子は、図１４（Ａ），（Ｂ）に示すように、一定電流Ｉを与えた場合、磁束密度Ｂに比例した電圧Ｖが生ずるものである。よって、検出部３は、ホール素子の他、例えば、ホール素子に電流Ｉを供給するための電源３６、電流Ｉの供給ラインや電圧Ｖの検出ラインを含む。なお、本発明の検出部は、検出素子からの物理量に応じた電気信号を得るために必要な構成、あるいは、検出素子から得られた交流信号を直流信号に変換するための構成を含むものであるが、検出素子から得られた信号の大きさを変える構成を含むものではなく、さらに、検出部の後段に設けた信号処理に必要な構成を含むものではない。したがって、例えば、特許文献３のバイアス出力生成部や基準電圧生成部が含まれるものではない。 FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the detection unit according to the first embodiment. The detection unit of the present invention converts a physical quantity (for example, a static magnetic field, an alternating magnetic field, sound, an electric field, etc.) into an electric signal. Specifically, in the first embodiment, the Hall element generates a voltage V proportional to the magnetic flux density B when a constant current I is applied, as shown in FIGS. . Therefore, the detection unit 3 includes, in addition to the Hall element, for example, a power source 36 for supplying the current I to the Hall element, a supply line for the current I, and a detection line for the voltage V. The detection unit of the present invention includes a configuration necessary for obtaining an electrical signal corresponding to a physical quantity from the detection element, or a configuration for converting an AC signal obtained from the detection element into a DC signal. It does not include a configuration for changing the magnitude of the signal obtained from the detection element, and further does not include a configuration necessary for signal processing provided in the subsequent stage of the detection unit. Therefore, for example, the bias output generation unit and the reference voltage generation unit of Patent Document 3 are not included.

第１実施例では、ホール素子３の中心とホール素子４の中心との間の距離を５０ｍｍ、磁石２には、幅５０ｍｍ、厚さ０．８ｍｍの磁気テープを用いており、磁気テープの幅方向に沿って移動させる。
また、図２で説明した実装基板５の表面から磁石２の中心位置までのＺ軸方向の距離をＣＬとし、ＣＬ＝４０ｍｍを○印、ＣＬ＝５０ｍｍを●印、ＣＬ＝６０ｍｍを□印、ＣＬ＝７０ｍｍを■印で示している。 In the first embodiment, the distance between the center of the Hall element 3 and the center of the Hall element 4 is 50 mm, and the magnet 2 is a magnetic tape having a width of 50 mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm. Move along the direction.
Further, the distance in the Z-axis direction from the surface of the mounting substrate 5 described in FIG. 2 to the center position of the magnet 2 is CL, CL = 40 mm is marked with a circle, CL = 50 mm is marked with a circle, CL = 60 mm is marked with a square, CL = 70 mm is indicated by ■.

まず、磁束密度を磁石２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで検出すると、図３（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、０ｍｍから＋２ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍ付近に対してほぼ対称の値が得られている。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて磁束密度の勾配が大きくなっている。
次に、ホール素子３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号（Ａ−Ｂ）を磁石２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図３（Ｂ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合もホール素子４に近づくと、上方に向けて凸状をなしているが、＋３０ｍｍから＋３７ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有している。一方、いずれのＣＬの場合もホール素子３に近づくと、下方に向けて凸状をなしているが、−３０ｍｍから−３８ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有している。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて差信号の勾配が大きくなっている。 First, when the magnetic flux density is detected in increments of 1 mm of the position of the magnet 2, as shown in FIG. 3A, in any CL, a convex shape is formed upward, and there is a vertex between 0 mm and +2 mm. In addition, a substantially symmetric value is obtained with respect to the vicinity of 0 mm. Further, the gradient of magnetic flux density increases as CL decreases.
Next, when the difference signal (A-B) between the two output signals obtained by the Hall elements 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm at the position of the magnet 2, as shown in FIG. However, when it approaches the Hall element 4, it has a convex shape upward, but has a vertex between +30 mm and +37 mm. On the other hand, in any case, when approaching the Hall element 3, it has a convex shape downward, but has a vertex between −30 mm and −38 mm. In addition, the gradient of the difference signal increases as CL decreases.

続いて、ホール素子３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の和信号（Ａ＋Ｂ）を磁石２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図４（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、−１ｍｍから０ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍ付近に対してほぼ対称の値が得られた。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて和信号の勾配が大きくなっている。
そして、演算部１０の演算結果を磁石２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求める。なお、第１実施例においては、磁気テープの形状などを考慮し、ｋ＝５０、ｎ＝２．２を式１に代入した。 Subsequently, when the sum signal (A + B) of the two output signals obtained by the Hall elements 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm of the position of the magnet 2, as shown in FIG. Convex-shaped toward the surface, having a vertex between -1 mm and 0 mm, and a value almost symmetrical with respect to the vicinity of 0 mm was obtained. Further, the gradient of the sum signal increases as CL decreases.
And the calculation result of the calculating part 10 is calculated | required by the position of the position of the magnet 2 1mm. In the first embodiment, k = 50 and n = 2.2 were substituted into Equation 1 in consideration of the shape of the magnetic tape.

図４（Ｂ）に示すように、第１実施例における式１の演算結果は、いずれのＣＬの場合も＋２５ｍｍから＋４０ｍｍまでの範囲や−２５ｍｍから−４０ｍｍまでの範囲では、やや曲線を描いているが、−２５ｍｍから＋２５ｍｍまでの範囲では、ほぼ直線を描いていると認められた。また、−２５ｍｍから＋２５ｍｍまでの範囲については、各ＣＬの違いはほとんど無いと認められた。 As shown in FIG. 4B, the calculation result of Expression 1 in the first example shows a slight curve in the range from +25 mm to +40 mm and the range from −25 mm to −40 mm in any CL. However, in the range from -25 mm to +25 mm, it was recognized that a substantially straight line was drawn. Further, it was recognized that there was almost no difference between the CLs in the range from −25 mm to +25 mm.

図５，６は、比較例による演算結果と磁石の位置の関係を示す図である。上記式１でｎ＝１にした場合には、図５（Ａ）に示すように、−１０ｍｍから＋１０ｍｍまでの範囲ではほぼ直線を描いているが、その直線を描ける範囲が狭いため実用的ではない。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて演算結果の勾配が大きくなっている。次に、ｎ＝１．３にした場合には、図５（Ｂ）に■印で示すように、−２５ｍｍから＋２５ｍｍまでの範囲でほぼ直線を描くので、実用的なものもあるが、○印で示すように、−１０ｍｍから＋１０ｍｍまでの範囲のような狭い範囲でしか直線を描けないものがある。さらに、ｎ＝３にした場合には、図６に示すように、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて演算結果の勾配が小さくなり、また、■印で示すように、０ｍｍ付近で波打つような曲線を描き、直線を描けないものがある。これに対し、第１実施例の場合（１＜ｎ≦２．２）によれば、各ＣＬの違いはほとんど無く、かつ、直線を描く範囲も非常に広くなることが分かる。 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating the relationship between the calculation result and the magnet position according to the comparative example. When n = 1 in the above formula 1, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), a straight line is almost drawn in the range from −10 mm to +10 mm, but it is not practical because the range in which the straight line can be drawn is narrow. Absent. In addition, the gradient of the calculation result increases as CL decreases. Next, when n = 1.3, a straight line is drawn in the range from −25 mm to +25 mm as indicated by the ■ marks in FIG. As indicated by the mark, there are some that can draw a straight line only in a narrow range such as a range from -10 mm to +10 mm. Further, when n = 3, as shown in FIG. 6, the gradient of the calculation result becomes smaller as CL becomes smaller, and a curve that undulates around 0 mm as shown by the ■ mark. There are things that can't be drawn and drawn. On the other hand, according to the case of the first embodiment (1 <n ≦ 2.2), it is understood that there is almost no difference between the CLs, and the range in which a straight line is drawn becomes very wide.

（第２実施例）
第２実施例は電磁波検出方式の位置検出装置である。この場合、被検出部２は、例えば発振回路やコンデンサに接続され、電磁波を発生する送信コイルである。なお、コンデンサや送信コイルには所定の周波数で共振するような定数が設定されている。また、検出部３，４は検出コイルであり、例えば所定の周波数で共振するようにコンデンサに接続されている。送信コイルが検出コイルに近づくと、検出コイルには電磁誘導によって起電力が発生し、所定の周波数の正弦波が発生する。検出コイルに対する送信コイルの向きが一定であれば、この正弦波の振幅は、送信コイルが検出コイルに近づくに連れて大きくなる。 (Second embodiment)
The second embodiment is an electromagnetic wave detection type position detection device. In this case, the detected part 2 is a transmission coil that is connected to, for example, an oscillation circuit or a capacitor and generates electromagnetic waves. A constant that resonates at a predetermined frequency is set for the capacitor and the transmission coil. The detection units 3 and 4 are detection coils, and are connected to a capacitor so as to resonate at a predetermined frequency, for example. When the transmission coil approaches the detection coil, an electromotive force is generated in the detection coil by electromagnetic induction, and a sine wave having a predetermined frequency is generated. If the direction of the transmission coil relative to the detection coil is constant, the amplitude of this sine wave increases as the transmission coil approaches the detection coil.

図１５は、第２実施例による被検出部および検出部を説明するための図であり、例えば被検出部２は、コイル部（本発明の送信コイルに相当）２１と、交流信号を発生させてコイル部２１に付与する発振回路２２とを有している。また、検出部３は、コイル部（本発明の検出コイルに相当）３１と、コイル部３１で生じた交流信号を直流信号に変換する交直変換回路３５とを有している。なお、交直変換回路３５は例えば全波整流器である。 FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a detected part and a detecting part according to the second embodiment. For example, the detected part 2 generates a coil part (corresponding to the transmission coil of the present invention) 21 and an AC signal. And an oscillation circuit 22 applied to the coil unit 21. The detection unit 3 includes a coil unit (corresponding to the detection coil of the present invention) 31 and an AC / DC conversion circuit 35 that converts an AC signal generated in the coil unit 31 into a DC signal. The AC / DC converter circuit 35 is, for example, a full-wave rectifier.

図７は、第２実施例による検出コイルおよび送信コイルの配置を説明するための図である。第２実施例では、検出コイル３の中心と検出コイル４の中心との間の距離を５０ｍｍ、送信コイル２や検出コイル３，４は、コイルの巻回軸（コイル軸ともいう）に沿って螺旋状に巻回され、径１．２ｍｍ、長さ７ｍｍで形成されており、互いに平行に配置されている。送信コイル２は、例えば、コイル軸（縦方向ともいう）に沿って移動させる。 FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of detection coils and transmission coils according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the distance between the center of the detection coil 3 and the center of the detection coil 4 is 50 mm, and the transmission coil 2 and the detection coils 3 and 4 are along the winding axis (also referred to as a coil axis) of the coil. It is spirally wound, formed with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 7 mm, and is arranged in parallel to each other. For example, the transmission coil 2 is moved along a coil axis (also referred to as a vertical direction).

図８（Ａ）は第２実施例による振幅と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、図８（Ｂ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図であり、図９（Ａ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、図９（Ｂ）は第２実施例による演算部の演算結果と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。また、図７に示したＣＬ＝９０ｍｍを○印、ＣＬ＝１００ｍｍを●印、ＣＬ＝１１０ｍｍを□印、ＣＬ＝１２０ｍｍを■印、ＣＬ＝１３０ｍｍを◇印で示している。 FIG. 8A shows the relationship between the amplitude and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 8B shows the relationship between the difference signal between the two output signals and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the relationship between the sum signal of two output signals and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 9B is the calculation of the arithmetic unit according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a result and the position of a transmission coil. In FIG. 7, CL = 90 mm is indicated by a circle, CL = 100 mm by a circle, CL = 110 mm by a square, CL = 120 mm by a square, and CL = 130 mm by a circle.

まず、振幅（Ａ／Ｄ値）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで検出すると、図８（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、０ｍｍから＋１ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍ付近に対してほぼ対称の値が得られている。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて振幅の勾配が大きくなっている。
次に、検出コイル３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号（Ａ−Ｂ）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図８（Ｂ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も検出コイル４に近づくと、上方に向けて凸状をなしているが、＋３５ｍｍから＋５０ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有している。一方、いずれのＣＬの場合も検出コイル３に近づくと、下方に向けて凸状をなしているが、−５０ｍｍから−３６ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有している。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて差信号の勾配が大きくなっている。 First, when the amplitude (A / D value) is detected in increments of 1 mm of the position of the transmitting coil 2, as shown in FIG. 8A, in any CL, a convex shape is formed upward, from 0 mm to +1 mm. The value is almost symmetrical with respect to the vicinity of 0 mm. Also, the amplitude gradient increases as CL decreases.
Next, when the difference signal (A-B) between the two output signals obtained by the detection coils 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm at the position of the transmission coil 2, as shown in FIG. Also in this case, when it approaches the detection coil 4, it has a convex shape upward, but has a vertex between +35 mm and +50 mm. On the other hand, in any case, when approaching the detection coil 3, it has a convex shape downward, but has a vertex between −50 mm and −36 mm. In addition, the gradient of the difference signal increases as CL decreases.

続いて、検出コイル３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の和信号（Ａ＋Ｂ）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図９（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、−１ｍｍから０ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍ付近に対してほぼ対称の値が得られている。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて和信号の勾配が大きくなっている。 Subsequently, when the sum signal (A + B) of the two output signals obtained by the detection coils 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm of the position of the transmission coil 2, as shown in FIG. A convex shape is formed upward, and has a vertex between -1 mm and 0 mm, and a substantially symmetric value is obtained with respect to the vicinity of 0 mm. Further, the gradient of the sum signal increases as CL decreases.

そして、演算部１０の演算結果を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求める。なお、第２実施例の縦方向においては、コイルの形状などを考慮し、ｋ＝６０００、ｎ＝２を式１に代入している。
図９（Ｂ）に示すように、第２実施例の縦方向における式１の演算結果は、いずれのＣＬの場合も＋２５ｍｍ以上や−２５ｍｍ以下では、やや曲線を描いているが、−２５ｍｍから＋２５ｍｍまでの範囲では、ほぼ直線を描いていると認められた。また、−２０ｍｍから＋２０ｍｍまでの範囲については、各ＣＬの違いはほとんど無いと認められた。 And the calculation result of the calculating part 10 is calculated | required for every position of the position of the transmission coil 2 1 mm. In the vertical direction of the second embodiment, k = 6000 and n = 2 are substituted into Equation 1 in consideration of the coil shape and the like.
As shown in FIG. 9 (B), the calculation result of Formula 1 in the vertical direction of the second example is slightly curved at +25 mm or more and −25 mm or less in any CL, but from −25 mm In the range up to +25 mm, it was recognized that a substantially straight line was drawn. Further, in the range from −20 mm to +20 mm, it was recognized that there was almost no difference between the CLs.

図１０は、第２実施例による検出コイルおよび送信コイルの配置を説明するための図であり、この第２実施例では、送信コイル２をコイル軸に対して直交方向（横方向ともいう）に沿って移動させた場合についても演算結果等を求めている。
図１１（Ａ）は第２実施例による振幅と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、図１１（Ｂ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の差信号と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図であり、図１２（Ａ）は第２実施例による２つの出力信号の和信号と送信コイルの位置との関係を示す図、図１２（Ｂ）は第２実施例による演算部の演算結果と送信コイルの位置の関係を示す図である。また、図１０に示したＣＬ＝９０ｍｍを○印、ＣＬ＝１００ｍｍを●印、ＣＬ＝１１０ｍｍを□印、ＣＬ＝１２０ｍｍを■印、ＣＬ＝１３０ｍｍを◇印で示している。 FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the detection coil and the transmission coil according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the transmission coil 2 is orthogonal to the coil axis (also referred to as a transverse direction). The calculation results and the like are also obtained for the case of moving along.
FIG. 11A shows the relationship between the amplitude and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 11B shows the relationship between the difference signal between the two output signals and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment. FIG. 12A is a diagram showing the relationship between the sum signal of two output signals and the position of the transmission coil according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 12B is the calculation of the arithmetic unit according to the second embodiment. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a result and the position of a transmission coil. In FIG. 10, CL = 90 mm is indicated by a circle, CL = 100 mm by a circle, CL = 110 mm by a square, CL = 120 mm by a square, and CL = 130 mm by a circle.

まず、振幅（Ａ／Ｄ値）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで検出すると、図１１（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、−１ｍｍから−０ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍ付近に対してほぼ対称の値が得られている。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて振幅の勾配が大きくなっている。
次に、検出コイル３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号（Ａ−Ｂ）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図１１（Ｂ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も検出コイル４に近づくと、上方に向けて凸状をなしているが、＋５２ｍｍ以上で頂点を有している。一方、いずれのＣＬの場合も検出コイル３に近づくと、下方に向けて凸状をなしているが、−５０ｍｍ以下で頂点を有している。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて差信号の勾配が大きくなっている。 First, when the amplitude (A / D value) is detected in increments of 1 mm of the position of the transmission coil 2, as shown in FIG. 11A, a convex shape is formed upward in any CL, from −1 mm to − It has a vertex up to 0 mm, and a nearly symmetric value is obtained with respect to the vicinity of 0 mm. Also, the amplitude gradient increases as CL decreases.
Next, when the difference signal (A−B) between the two output signals obtained by the detection coils 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm of the position of the transmission coil 2, as shown in FIG. Also in this case, when it approaches the detection coil 4, it has a convex shape upward, but has a vertex at +52 mm or more. On the other hand, in any CL, when it approaches the detection coil 3, it forms a convex shape downward, but has a vertex at -50 mm or less. In addition, the gradient of the difference signal increases as CL decreases.

続いて、検出コイル３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の和信号（Ａ＋Ｂ）を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求めると、図１２（Ａ）に示すように、いずれのＣＬの場合も上方に向けて凸状をなし、０ｍｍから＋１ｍｍまでの間に頂点を有し、この０ｍｍに対してほぼ対称の値が得られている。また、ＣＬが小さくなるに連れて和信号の勾配が大きくなっている。 Subsequently, when the sum signal (A + B) of the two output signals obtained by the detection coils 3 and 4 is obtained in increments of 1 mm at the position of the transmission coil 2, as shown in FIG. A convex shape is formed upward, and there is a vertex between 0 mm and +1 mm, and a substantially symmetric value is obtained with respect to this 0 mm. Further, the gradient of the sum signal increases as CL decreases.

そして、演算部１０の演算結果を送信コイル２の位置１ｍｍ刻みで求める。なお、第２実施例の横方向においては、コイルの形状などを考慮し、ｋ＝９００、ｎ＝１．５を式１に代入した。
図１２（Ｂ）に示すように、第２実施例の横方向における式１の演算結果は、いずれのＣＬの場合も＋３０ｍｍ以上や−３０ｍｍ以下では、やや曲線を描いているが、−３０ｍｍから＋３０ｍｍまでの範囲では、ほぼ直線を描いていると認められた。また、−１０ｍｍから＋１０ｍｍまでの範囲については、各ＣＬの違いはほとんど無いと認められた。 And the calculation result of the calculating part 10 is calculated | required for every position of the position of the transmission coil 2 1 mm. In the lateral direction of the second embodiment, k = 900 and n = 1.5 were substituted into Equation 1 in consideration of the coil shape and the like.
As shown in FIG. 12 (B), the calculation result of the expression 1 in the horizontal direction of the second embodiment draws a slight curve at +30 mm or more and −30 mm or less in any CL, but from −30 mm In the range up to +30 mm, it was recognized that a substantially straight line was drawn. Further, in the range from −10 mm to +10 mm, it was recognized that there was almost no difference between the CLs.

このように、演算部１０では、ホール素子や検出コイルのような検出部３，４で得られた２つの出力信号の差信号（Ａ−Ｂ）に基づいた値を、和信号（Ａ＋Ｂ）をｎ乗（ただしｎ＞１）した値で除算しており、この割る数（分母）が従来（ｎ＝１）に比べて非常に大きな値になるので、当該割る数が演算結果に与える影響が大きくなり、磁石や送信コイルのような被検出部２の移動に伴う検出距離の変動を吸収できる。このため、演算部１０で得られた値がリニアな特性を持つことができ、被検出部２の位置検出誤差が小さくすることができる。 As described above, the calculation unit 10 calculates a value based on the difference signal (A−B) between the two output signals obtained by the detection units 3 and 4 such as a Hall element and a detection coil as a sum signal (A + B). Division is performed by a value raised to the power of n (where n> 1), and this division number (denominator) is much larger than the conventional value (n = 1). It becomes large and can absorb the fluctuation | variation of the detection distance accompanying the movement of the to-be-detected part 2 like a magnet or a transmission coil. For this reason, the value obtained by the calculation unit 10 can have a linear characteristic, and the position detection error of the detected unit 2 can be reduced.

また、ｎは１．５から２．２までの範囲の値であることから、所定の定数ｋが５０から６０００までの範囲の値に変動しても、演算部１０で得られた値がリニアな特性を持つことができる。
なお、磁石や磁気検出素子が例えば円柱形の場合には、所定の定数ｋ＝１であってもよい。 Further, since n is a value in the range from 1.5 to 2.2, even if the predetermined constant k fluctuates to a value in the range from 50 to 6000, the value obtained by the calculation unit 10 is linear. Can have special characteristics.
In addition, when the magnet and the magnetic detection element are, for example, cylindrical, the predetermined constant k = 1 may be used.

図１３は、第３実施例による送信コイルおよび検出コイルの配置を説明するための図である。上記各実施例では２個の検出コイル３，４の例を挙げて説明したが、３個以上の検出コイル３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ，３ｄ・・・を一直線上に並べ、演算部１０は、隣接する２個の検出コイルで得られた２つの出力信号から送信コイル２の位置を求めてもよい。
より具体的には、各検出コイル３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ，３ｄ・・・も、上記検出コイル３，４と同様にそれぞれマイコン９に接続されており、送信コイル２の例えばＸ軸の正方向への移動に応じて、検出コイル３ａと隣の検出コイル３ｂの出力信号、次に、この検出コイル３ｂと隣の検出コイル３ｃの出力信号、さらに、この検出コイル３ｃと隣の検出コイル３ｄの出力信号のように、受け渡すように検出することもできる。 FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the transmission coil and the detection coil according to the third embodiment. In each of the above-described embodiments, the example of the two detection coils 3 and 4 has been described. However, the three or more detection coils 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d,. The position of the transmission coil 2 may be obtained from two output signals obtained by the two detection coils.
More specifically, each of the detection coils 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d... Is also connected to the microcomputer 9 in the same manner as the detection coils 3 and 4, and the transmission coil 2 is, for example, in the positive direction of the X axis. Output signal of the detection coil 3a and the adjacent detection coil 3b, then output signal of the detection coil 3b and the adjacent detection coil 3c, and further output of the detection coil 3c and the adjacent detection coil 3d It can also be detected as a signal.

（第４実施例）
第４実施例は静電容量検出方式の位置検出装置である。この場合、被検出部２は電極や人体などの導電体で構成される。また、検出部３，４は、被検出部２の導電体と容量結合する導電体からなる電極である。この静電容量検出方式によれば、磁気検出方式のような磁場の影響を受けず、また、電磁波検出方式よりも消費電力が少なくて済む。 (Fourth embodiment)
The fourth embodiment is a capacitance detection type position detection device. In this case, the detected part 2 is composed of a conductor such as an electrode or a human body. The detection units 3 and 4 are electrodes made of a conductor that is capacitively coupled to the conductor of the detected unit 2. According to this capacitance detection method, it is not affected by the magnetic field as in the magnetic detection method, and consumes less power than the electromagnetic wave detection method.

図１６（Ａ）に示すように、被検出部２は、例えば金属板状の電極部（本発明の導電体に相当）２３と、交流信号を発生させて電極２３に付与する発振回路２２とを有する。一方、検出部３は、電極部（本発明の導電体に相当）３３と、電極部３３で生じた交流信号を直流信号に変換する交直変換回路３５とを有している。そして、発振回路２２の出力は、電極部２３と電極部３３とが形成するコンデンサを介して交直変換回路３５に伝わる。この場合、図１５の例と同様に、電極部２３と電極部３３との距離に応じて交直変換回路３５からの出力が変化する。 As shown in FIG. 16A, the detected portion 2 includes, for example, a metal plate-like electrode portion (corresponding to the conductor of the present invention) 23, and an oscillation circuit 22 that generates an AC signal and applies it to the electrode 23. Have On the other hand, the detection unit 3 includes an electrode unit (corresponding to the conductor of the present invention) 33 and an AC / DC conversion circuit 35 that converts an AC signal generated at the electrode unit 33 into a DC signal. The output of the oscillation circuit 22 is transmitted to the AC / DC conversion circuit 35 via a capacitor formed by the electrode portion 23 and the electrode portion 33. In this case, as in the example of FIG. 15, the output from the AC / DC conversion circuit 35 changes according to the distance between the electrode part 23 and the electrode part 33.

あるいは、図１６（Ｂ）に示すように、被検出部２は電極部（本発明の導電体に相当）２３を有し、検出部３は、電極部（本発明の導電体に相当）３３と、交流信号を発生させて電極部３３に付与する発振回路３２と、発振回路３２の出力を、電極部２３と電極部３３とが形成するコンデンサで分圧させるコンデンサ３４と、交直変換回路３５とを有している。なお、交直変換回路３５は例えば全波整流器や同期検波回路を用いることができ、同期検波回路を用いた場合、同期のために、図中に破線で示した信号が発振回路３２から交直変換回路３５に入力される。 Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 16B, the detected portion 2 has an electrode portion (corresponding to the conductor of the present invention) 23, and the detecting portion 3 is an electrode portion (corresponding to the conductor of the present invention) 33. An oscillation circuit 32 that generates an AC signal and applies it to the electrode unit 33, a capacitor 34 that divides the output of the oscillation circuit 32 by a capacitor formed by the electrode unit 23 and the electrode unit 33, and an AC / DC conversion circuit 35 And have. For example, a full wave rectifier or a synchronous detection circuit can be used as the AC / DC conversion circuit 35. When the synchronous detection circuit is used, a signal indicated by a broken line in FIG. 35.

図１６（Ｂ）の例の場合、被検出部２が検出部３に近づくにしたがって、電極部２３と電極部３３とが形成するコンデンサの容量が大きくなり、出力信号の振幅と位置の関係は、図示しないが、図８（Ａ）に示した山形ではなく谷形となる。このため、図１で説明した演算部１０は式２に示すように演算する。
ｋ（（−Ａ）−（−Ｂ））／（（−Ａ）＋（−Ｂ））ⁿ …式２
そして、演算部１０で演算して得られた値を反転すれば、上記と同様の結果が得られる。 In the case of the example of FIG. 16B, as the detected portion 2 approaches the detecting portion 3, the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the electrode portion 23 and the electrode portion 33 increases, and the relationship between the amplitude and position of the output signal is Although not shown in the figure, it is not a mountain shape shown in FIG. For this reason, the calculation part 10 demonstrated in FIG. 1 calculates as shown in Formula 2. FIG.
k ((-A)-(-B)) / ((-A) + (-B)) ⁿ ... Formula 2
Then, if the value obtained by the calculation by the calculation unit 10 is inverted, the same result as above can be obtained.

図１７は、第５実施例による電極の配置を説明するための図であり、検出部では各電極が格子状（マトリックス状ともいう）に配置されている。例えばスタイラスペンを用いた座標入力装置の例を挙げると、電極３ａ，３ｂ・・・が座標入力装置の筐体表面に格子状に配置され、各電極上には絶縁シートが設けられている。そして、スタイラスペンの先端で筐体表面にタッチする。なお、スタイラスペンの先端を金属製で丸形状に形成すれば、スタイラスペンを傾けても、この傾けたことによる誤差の発生を小さく抑えることができる。なお、上記のように直線性の良い演算結果が得られれば、電極の面積を大きくして電極数を減らすことも可能である。 FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of electrodes according to the fifth embodiment. In the detection unit, each electrode is arranged in a grid pattern (also referred to as a matrix pattern). For example, in an example of a coordinate input device using a stylus pen, the electrodes 3a, 3b,... Are arranged in a grid pattern on the surface of the coordinate input device housing, and an insulating sheet is provided on each electrode. Then, the surface of the housing is touched with the tip of the stylus pen. If the tip of the stylus pen is made of a metal and has a round shape, even if the stylus pen is tilted, the occurrence of errors due to the tilt can be suppressed to a small level. If a calculation result with good linearity is obtained as described above, the number of electrodes can be reduced by increasing the area of the electrodes.

この例の演算部１０は、例えば、隣接する３個の電極で得られた３つの出力信号から被検出部の位置を求めることができる。図１７（Ａ）に示した電極３ａが最大出力値であると判定された場合、まず、この電極３ａを１点目に選び、この電極３ａからＸ，Ｙ方向で並んだ２，３点目の電極を選ぶ。具体的には、電極３ａに対してＸ方向に隣接した電極３ｅと電極３ｂのうち、出力値の大きな電極（例えば電極３ｂ）を２点目に選び、電極３ａに対してＹ方向に隣接した電極３ｆと電極３ｃのうち、出力値の大きな電極（例えば電極３ｃ）を３点目に選ぶ。 For example, the calculation unit 10 of this example can obtain the position of the detected portion from three output signals obtained from three adjacent electrodes. When it is determined that the electrode 3a shown in FIG. 17A has the maximum output value, this electrode 3a is first selected as the first point, and the second and third points arranged in the X and Y directions from this electrode 3a. Select the electrode. Specifically, of the electrodes 3e and 3b adjacent to the electrode 3a in the X direction, the electrode having a large output value (for example, the electrode 3b) is selected as the second point, and adjacent to the electrode 3a in the Y direction. Of the electrodes 3f and 3c, an electrode having a large output value (for example, electrode 3c) is selected as the third point.

続いて、図１７（Ｂ）に示すように、１点目の電極３ａとＸ方向で並んだ２点目の電極３ｂとの間の位置Ｐを、電極３ａと電極３ｂの各出力信号から上記式で求める。また、１点目の電極３ａとＹ方向で並んだ３点目の電極３ｃとの間の位置Ｑを、電極３ａと電極３ｃの各出力信号から上記式で求める。そして、位置Ｐを通ってＹ方向に延びた直線と、位置Ｑを通ってＸ方向に延びた直線との交点Ｒをタッチ位置に決定できる。
なお、電極の他、ホール素子やコイルを格子状に配置することも可能である。 Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 17B, the position P between the first electrode 3a and the second electrode 3b arranged in the X direction is determined from the output signals of the electrodes 3a and 3b. Calculate by formula. Further, the position Q between the first electrode 3a and the third electrode 3c arranged in the Y direction is obtained from the output signals of the electrodes 3a and 3c by the above formula. An intersection R between a straight line extending in the Y direction through the position P and a straight line extending in the X direction through the position Q can be determined as the touch position.
In addition to the electrodes, Hall elements and coils can be arranged in a lattice pattern.

１…位置検出装置、２…被検出部，磁石，送信コイル、３，３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ，３ｄ，３ｅ，３ｆ…検出部，ホール素子，検出コイル，電極、４…検出部，ホール素子，検出コイル、５…実装基板、７ａ，７ｂ…アンプ、８ａ，８ｂ…Ａ／Ｄコンバータ、９…マイコン、１０…演算部、１１…出力部、２１，３１…コイル部、２２，３２…発振回路、２３，３３…電極部、３４…コンデンサ、３５…交直変換回路、３６…電源。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Position detection apparatus, 2 ... Detected part, magnet, transmission coil, 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f ... detection part, Hall element, detection coil, electrode, 4 ... detection part, Hall element, Detection coil, 5 ... Mounting board, 7a, 7b ... Amplifier, 8a, 8b ... A / D converter, 9 ... Microcomputer, 10 ... Calculation unit, 11 ... Output unit, 21,31 ... Coil unit, 22,32 ... Oscillation circuit , 23, 33 ... electrode part, 34 ... capacitor, 35 ... AC / DC conversion circuit, 36 ... power supply.

Claims

Two detection units adjacent to each other, comprising: a detection unit attached to an object whose position is to be detected; and at least two detection units that are spaced apart from each other and detect a physical quantity from each of the detection units. A position detection device for determining the position of the detected portion from the two output signals obtained in
An arithmetic unit that divides a value based on a difference signal between the two output signals by a value obtained by multiplying the sum signal of the two output signals by a power of n (where n> 1 is a real number), and an output value from the arithmetic unit A position detection device comprising: an output unit for outputting.

The position detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein n is a value in a range from 1.5 to 2.2.

The position detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detected part is a magnet, and the detection part includes a magnetic detection element.

The position detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detected part includes a transmission coil, and the detection part includes a detection coil.

The position detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detected portion includes a conductor, and the detecting portion includes a conductor that is capacitively coupled to the conductor of the detected portion.

The position detection device according to claim 1, wherein the detection units are arranged in a grid pattern.