JP2015189684A - Soft capsule coating and soft capsule - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soft capsule coating which does not contain gelatin and is enteric, and to provide a soft capsule comprising the soft capsule coating.SOLUTION: The soft capsule coating contains: waxy corn starch subjected to wet heat treatment in the presence of salt; gluconate which is any one of sodium gluconate and potassium gluconate; low methoxyl pectin; and iota-carrageenan; and does not contain gelatin. The soft capsule is made by filling the soft capsule coating with contents.

Description

  The present invention relates to an enteric soft capsule film that does not use gelatin and a soft capsule including the soft capsule film.

  Gelatin, which is generally used as a film base for soft capsules, reversibly changes to sol and gel with changes in temperature, has excellent film-forming ability and high mechanical strength, and disintegrates in the body. Alternatively, it has many advantages as a film base, such as being easily dissolved and having itself nutritional value and being easily absorbed into the body.

  On the other hand, soft capsules may want to contain components that lose their efficacy due to stomach acid or components that irritate stomach tissue. In such cases, soft capsules do not disintegrate or dissolve in the stomach. It is required to have the property of disintegrating or dissolving (enteric) after reaching the intestine. However, gelatin is easily dissolved in strongly acidic gastric juice and is not enteric.

  Therefore, conventionally, a technique for coating the outer surface of a formed gelatin film with an enteric substance such as zein or shellac, or a polysaccharide gelled with polyvalent metal ions and exhibiting gastric juice resistance, and gelatin as a main component. A technique for forming a gastric juice-resistant skin by immersing the formed soft capsule film in an aqueous solution containing polyvalent ions (for example, see Patent Document 1), or a polyvalent metal A water-insoluble salt of ion (slightly water-soluble salt) is previously contained in the soft capsule film, and the polyvalent metal ion is dissociated in gastric acid to cause a gelation reaction on the polysaccharide to form a gastric juice-resistant skin. The technique (for example, refer patent document 2) to be made is proposed. Further, the present applicant has proposed a technique for imparting enteric properties to a gelatin film by containing a predetermined amount of low methoxyl pectin having a degree of esterification in a predetermined range with respect to gelatin (see Patent Technology 3). .

  However, since gelatin is a type of derived protein obtained by processing the skin, bones, tendons, etc. of animals such as cattle and pigs, it is shunned for measures such as mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) and religious reasons. There is a tendency to. Therefore, unlike the above-mentioned conventional enteric soft capsule film, an enteric soft capsule film not using gelatin and a soft capsule provided with such a soft capsule film have been demanded.

JP 61-151127 A JP-A-4-27352 Japanese Patent No. 4252619

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the soft capsule film | membrane which does not contain gelatin and is enteric, and a soft capsule provided with this soft capsule film | membrane in view of said situation.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the soft capsule film according to the present invention includes: a glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of a salt, a gluconate that is one of sodium gluconate and potassium gluconate, It contains methoxyl pectin and iota carrageenan and no gelatin ".

  “Wet heat treatment in the presence of salt” refers to a treatment in which a mixture of salt and starch is heated to a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. in the presence of moisture that does not gelatinize even when heated. "Can be exemplified by chlorides of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. In the following, “glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt” may be referred to as “wet heat-treated starch”.

  “Low methoxyl pectin” is a pectin having a degree of esterification lower than 50% among pectin, which is a polysaccharide obtained by polymerizing galacturonic acid and its methyl ester. Here, the “degree of esterification (DE)” is the ratio of galacturonic acid existing in the form of methyl ester out of all galacturonic acid. A pectin having an esterification degree of 50% or more is referred to as “high methoxyl pectin”.

  The inventors of the present invention have studied various types of soft capsule films containing wet heat-treated starch, iota carrageenan and low methoxyl pectin with different compositions, etc., but have physical properties suitable as soft capsule films and enteric properties. No soft capsule film was obtained. Therefore, as a result of further investigation, it was found that by containing either sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate, a soft capsule film having physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film and having enteric properties can be obtained. It has come. Therefore, according to the present invention, a soft capsule film which does not contain gelatin and has enteric properties can be provided.

  Further, unlike the above-described conventional technique, the soft capsule film of the present invention does not require a coating process or an immersion process for imparting enteric properties, and can be manufactured very easily.

  In addition to the above structure, the soft capsule film according to the present invention has a “low methoxyl pectin having an esterification degree of 26% to 27% and an amidation degree of 20% to 22%”, “the presence of salt Potato seeds containing 5 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight of the gluconate based on 100 parts by weight of glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated under the conditions of "a glutinous seed that has been wet-heat-treated in the presence of salt" Containing 40 to 45 parts by weight of iota carrageenan per 100 parts by weight of corn starch, or “low methoxyl pectin having a mass ratio of 2: 1 to 1.8: 1 with respect to iota carrageenan It can be included ".

  The “degree of amidation (DA)” of pectin is the ratio of galacturonic acid having an amide group to the total galacturonic acid.

  By setting it as the said composition, the soft capsule membrane | film | coat which is more suitable as a soft capsule membrane | film | coat and is excellent in the enteric property as mentioned later can be obtained.

  Next, the soft capsule according to the present invention is “a soft capsule in which the content of the soft capsule film described above is filled”.

  “Contents” include a substance obtained by dissolving or suspending a target substance such as a pharmaceutical ingredient, health food ingredient or nutritional supplement in an oil or oily substance, or the target substance itself is oily or pasty. Things can be used. Further, although not particularly limited, components that easily lose their activity due to stomach acid, such as lactic acid bacteria, and components that easily cause irritation to the cell wall of the stomach, such as iron, are highly significant as the contents of the soft capsule of the present invention.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to provide a soft capsule that is easily accepted by a customer by not containing gelatin in the soft capsule film and that is excellent in enteric properties.

  As described above, as an effect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a soft capsule film that does not contain gelatin and has enteric properties, and a soft capsule that includes the soft capsule film.

  Hereinafter, a soft capsule film that is an embodiment of the present invention and a soft capsule including the soft capsule film will be described.

  The soft capsule film of the present embodiment contains glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt, gluconate that is either sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate, low methoxyl pectin, and iota carrageenan. However, it does not contain gelatin.

  Also, 5.0 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight of sodium gluconate, 40 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight of iota carrageenan, and 100 parts by weight of glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt, and And low methoxyl pectin having a mass ratio of 2: 1 to 1.8: 1 with respect to iota carrageenan. Low methoxyl pectin has an esterification degree of 26% to 27% and an amidation degree of 20% to 22%.

  The reason why the soft capsule film of the present embodiment has the above composition will be described. First, as shown in Table 1, 5.0 parts by weight of sodium gluconate, 40 parts by weight of iota carrageenan, 20 parts by weight of low methoxyl pectin (LM pectin) per 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch Samples P1 to P11 using different types of esterification degree (%) and amidation degree (%) as low methoxyl pectin as shown in Table 2 were prepared from glycerin and water. The physical properties and enteric properties of the film were evaluated by the above method. In addition, as a wet heat-processed starch, the Sanwa Starch Co., Ltd. make and soft starch SF-930 were used.

<Evaluation of physical properties of film>
Assuming that a soft capsule is formed by a rotary die method, a test was performed in which a coating solution was cast on a glass plate, and then the dried and gelled coating was peeled off at room temperature. When the film is not cut, the film is not brittle and has appropriate flexibility, and the film is not sticky and easily peeled off from the glass plate, it is evaluated as having `` physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film '' and indicated with `` ○ '' The case where it was not so was evaluated as unsuitable, and displayed as “×”. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

<Evaluation of enteric properties>
According to the disintegration test method prescribed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, the first and second liquids were used. Here, the first solution is a pH 1.2 test solution for evaluating gastric juice resistance, and the soft capsule film is moved up and down for a predetermined time in the test solution, and whether or not the soft capsule film remains in the subsequent observation. It was confirmed. The second liquid is a test liquid having a pH of 6.8 for evaluating the resistance to intestinal juice. The soft capsule film is moved up and down for a predetermined time in the test liquid, and whether or not the soft capsule film remains in the subsequent observation. It was confirmed. In the evaluation, when the soft capsule film remains in the disintegration test with the first liquid and disintegrates in the disintegration test with the second liquid, it is indicated with “O” as having enteric properties, and in other cases, that is, the first liquid In the case of disintegration in the disintegration test by and the remaining in the disintegration test by the first liquid, but also in the disintegration test by the second liquid, “x” was indicated. In addition, when disintegrating in the disintegration test using the first liquid, the test using the second liquid was not performed.

  As described above, when a coating solution not containing gluconate has physical properties suitable as a soft capsule coating and an enteric coating is not obtained, when sodium gluconate is mixed, samples P1 to P5 and The film of Sample P10 had physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film, and Samples P1, P2, and P10 had enteric properties.

  From the esterification degree and amidation degree of the low methoxyl pectin used for the samples P1 to P11, in the above composition, the esterification degree of the low methoxyl pectin is 26% to 27% and the amidation degree is 20% to 22%. In this case, it was considered that a soft capsule film having physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film and having enteric properties was obtained.

  Here, the results shown in Table 2 were the same results when potassium gluconate was used instead of sodium gluconate in the composition of Table 1. Both sodium gluconate and potassium gluconate are often used as pH adjusters. Therefore, copper gluconate, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconate, trisodium citrate, tripotassium citrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium pyrophosphate, which are also used as pH adjusters, are listed in Table 1 as sodium gluconate. In the alternative composition, the film was formed by changing the kind of low methoxyl pectin as in Table 2. However, it was not possible to obtain a film having both physical properties and enteric properties suitable as a soft capsule film.

  Moreover, in the composition of Table 1 using each of sodium gluconate and potassium gluconate, the pH of the coating solution was 5.2 to 5.3. Therefore, the pH of the coating solution mixed with the above other pH adjusters was A film was formed using the low methoxyl pectin of sample P1 in the case where the addition amount of the pH adjusting agent was adjusted so as to have a comparable value. However, even in these cases, it was impossible to obtain a film having both physical properties and enteric properties suitable as a soft capsule film. Therefore, the effect of forming a film having both physical properties and enteric properties suitable as a soft capsule film by the addition of gluconate is not due to pH adjustment by a pH adjuster, but is specific to sodium gluconate and potassium gluconate. It was thought that it was due to the effect.

  Next, the result of having examined about the compounding quantity of wet heat processing starch is shown. Using the low methoxyl pectin of sample P1, increasing the blending amount of the wet heat-treated starch in the composition of Table 1, forming a film from the film solution for samples S1 to S3 having a composition in which the amount of water was reduced, The physical properties and enteric properties of the film were evaluated in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 3.

  As shown in Table 3, the samples S2 and S3 in which the amount of the wet heat-treated starch exceeds 20% by mass of the total amount of the coating liquid can form a film having physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film, but has enteric properties. It was not. Further, the coating liquids of Samples S2 and S3 had low dispersibility and low film uniformity. Therefore, the blending amount of the wet heat-treated starch is desirably 20% by mass or less of the total amount of the coating liquid, and more desirably 20% by mass as the maximum amount that can be blended. Here, 20 mass% wet heat-treated starch of the total amount of the coating liquid is a wet heat-treated starch, gluconate (sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate) in a soft capsule film produced from the coating liquid having the composition shown in Table 1, This corresponds to 61% by mass with respect to the total mass of iota carrageenan and low methoxyl pectin. Further, when the moisture content of the soft capsule film is 6 to 7% by mass, the wet heat-treated starch of 20% by mass of the total amount of the film liquid is 38% by mass in the soft capsule film produced from the film liquid having the composition shown in Table 1. It corresponds to.

  Next, the examination result is shown about the mass ratio with respect to the wet heat processing starch of iota carrageenan. The wet heat-treated starch is 20% by mass of the total amount of the coating liquid, 5 parts by weight of sodium gluconate with respect to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch, and the mass ratio of iota carrageenan and low methoxyl pectin of sample P1 is 2: 1. As for samples S11 to S15 in which the ratio of iota carrageenan (ratio to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch) was changed, a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as described above, and the physical properties and enteric evaluation of the coating were evaluated. went. The results are shown in Table 4.

  As shown in Table 4, the films of Samples S13 and S14 had physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film and enteric properties. Therefore, by setting the ratio of iota carrageenan to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch to 40 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight, it was considered that a soft capsule film having physical properties suitable for a soft capsule film and excellent enteric properties can be obtained. . When the mass ratio of iota carrageenan was 40 parts by weight or less, the film was fragile and easily cut, and when it was 45 parts by weight or more, the uniformity of the coating liquid was impaired.

  The result of examining the desirable mass ratio of low methoxyl pectin in the ratio of 40 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch, which is the desirable range of the mass ratio of iota carrageenan determined as described above, Shown in First, 40 parts by weight of iota carrageenan is the lower limit of the above range, 20% by mass of wet-heat-treated starch is 100% by weight of the total amount of the coating solution, and 5 parts by weight of sodium gluconate with respect to 100 parts by weight of wet-heat-treated starch. About sample S21-S25 which changed the ratio with respect to 100 weight part of wet heat-processed starches of the low methoxyl pectin of P1, the coating liquid was prepared by the method similar to the above, and the physical property evaluation and enteric evaluation were performed. . The results are shown in Table 5.

  As shown in Table 5, the films of Samples S22 and S23 had physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film and enteric properties. Therefore, in the composition of the soft capsule film, by setting the ratio of low methoxyl pectin to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch to 20 to 25 parts by weight, the soft capsule film having physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film and excellent enteric properties Was thought to be obtained. This corresponds to a mass ratio of iota carrageenan to low methoxyl pectin of 2: 1 to 1.6: 1.

  Next, the iota carrageenan is 45 parts by weight which is the upper limit of the above range, and similarly, the wet heat-treated starch is 20% by weight of the total amount of the coating liquid, and 5 parts by weight of sodium gluconate with respect to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch. As for samples S31 to S36 in which the ratio of low-methoxyl pectin of sample P1 to 100 parts by weight of wet-heat-treated starch was changed, a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as described above, and the physical properties of the coating and the evaluation of enteric properties were evaluated. Went. The results are shown in Table 6.

  As shown in Table 6, the films of Samples S33 and S34 had physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film and enteric properties. Therefore, in the composition of the soft capsule film, by setting the ratio of low methoxyl pectin to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch to 22.5 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight, it has physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film and excellent enteric properties. It was thought that a soft capsule film could be obtained. This corresponds to a mass ratio of iota carrageenan to low methoxyl pectin of 2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

  Considering the results shown in Table 5 and Table 6 together, the desirable mass ratio of low methoxyl pectin in the desirable range of the mass ratio of iota carrageenan (ratio to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch is 40 to 45 parts by weight) Can be said to be 2: 1 to 1.8: 1 as a mass ratio to iota carrageenan.

  Therefore, the desirable range of the mass ratio of iota carrageenan (the ratio of 40 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch) and the desirable range of the mass ratio of low methoxyl pectin (mass ratio to iota carrageenan) The desirable mass ratio of sodium gluconate in 2: 1 to 1.8: 1) was studied. First, when iota carrageenan is the lower limit of the above range (ratio to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch is 40 parts by weight), low methoxyl pectin is set to the lower limit of the above range (2: 1 as a mass ratio to iota carrageenan), For the samples S41 to S49 in which the wet heat-treated starch is 20% by mass of the total amount of the film liquid and the ratio of sodium gluconate to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch is changed, a film liquid is prepared in the same manner as described above. The physical properties of the film and the enteric properties were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 7.

  As shown in Table 7, the coatings of samples S42 to S48 had physical properties suitable for soft capsule coatings, of which samples S43 and S44 had enteric properties. From this, in the composition of the soft capsule film, by setting the ratio of sodium gluconate to 5.0 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch, it has physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film, It was thought that a soft capsule film excellent in enteric properties could be obtained.

  Similarly, the wet heat-treated starch is 20 mass% of the total amount of the coating liquid, iota carrageenan is the lower limit of the above range (ratio to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch is 40 parts by weight), and low methoxyl pectin is the above Samples S51 to S54 in which the ratio of sodium gluconate to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch when the upper limit of the range (1.8: 1 as the mass ratio to iota carrageenan) is the upper limit of the above range for iota carrageenan Wet heating of sodium gluconate when the ratio is 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch and low methoxyl pectin is the lower limit of the above range (2: 1 as the mass ratio to iota carrageenan) Samples S61 to S64 in which the ratio with respect to 100 parts by weight of the treated starch was changed, and iota Ginan is the upper limit of the above range (ratio to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch is 45 parts by weight) and low methoxyl pectin is the upper limit of the above range (1.8: 1 as the mass ratio to iota carrageenan) In addition, with respect to samples S71 to S74 in which the ratio of sodium gluconate to 100 parts by weight of wet-heat-treated starch was changed, a coating solution was prepared in the same manner as described above, and the physical properties of the coating and the enteric evaluation were evaluated. . The results are shown in Table 8, Table 9, and Table 10, respectively.

  As shown in Tables 8 to 10, the films of all samples had physical properties suitable as soft capsule films, and among them, samples S52, S53, S62, S63, S72, and S73 had enteric properties. From this, in the composition of the soft capsule film, by setting the ratio of sodium gluconate to 5.0 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the wet heat-treated starch, it has physical properties suitable for the soft capsule film, It was thought that a soft capsule film excellent in enteric properties could be obtained.

  Considering the results shown in Tables 7 to 10, the mass ratio of iota carrageenan is in a desirable range (ratio of 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch is 40 parts by weight to 45 parts by weight), and low methoxyl pectin The desirable mass ratio of sodium gluconate in the desirable mass ratio range (2: 1 to 1.8: 1 as the mass ratio of iota carrageenan and low methoxyl pectin) is 5. It can be said that it is 0 weight part-5.5 weight part.

  When the above results are combined, 5.0 parts by weight to 5.5 parts by weight of gluconate, which is either sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate, with respect to 100 parts by weight of wet heat-treated starch and wet heat-treated starch. Low methoxyl pectin having 40 to 45 parts by weight of iota carrageenan and a degree of esterification of 26% to 27% and amidation degree of 20% to 22% in a mass ratio to iota carrageenan. A soft capsule film containing 2: 1 to 1.8: 1 and containing no gelatin has physical properties suitable as a soft capsule film and has enteric properties.

  A soft capsule having such a soft capsule film is prepared by dissolving wet heat-treated starch, iota carrageenan, low methoxyl pectin and gluconate in water together with a plasticizer based on the above composition. For example, it can be obtained by filling the contents simultaneously with the molding of the film using a rotary die molding apparatus.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a soft capsule that is easily accepted by consumers by not containing gelatin in the soft capsule film and that has excellent enteric properties.

  The present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as described below. And design changes are possible.

  For example, although the case where glycerin is used as a plasticizer was illustrated, sorbitol, maltitol, polyethylene glycol, etc. can be used alone or in combination.

Claims (6)

Glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt;
A gluconate which is either sodium gluconate or potassium gluconate;
Low methoxyl pectin,
Contains iota carrageenan,
A soft capsule film characterized by not containing gelatin. The soft capsule film according to claim 1, wherein the low methoxyl pectin has an esterification degree of 26% to 27% and an amidation degree of 20% to 22%. The gluconate is contained in an amount of 5.0 to 5.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt. Item 3. The soft capsule film according to Item 2. 4 to 45 parts by weight of iota carrageenan per 100 parts by weight of glutinous corn starch that has been wet-heat treated in the presence of salt. Soft capsule film as described in 1. The soft capsule film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the low methoxyl pectin having a mass ratio to iota carrageenan of 2: 1 to 1.8: 1 is contained. A soft capsule, wherein the soft capsule film according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is filled with a content.