JP2015181470A - Method for improving yield upon heating of meat, agent for improving yield upon heating of meat and meat internal quality improving agent - Google Patents

Method for improving yield upon heating of meat, agent for improving yield upon heating of meat and meat internal quality improving agent Download PDF

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JP2015181470A
JP2015181470A JP2014063724A JP2014063724A JP2015181470A JP 2015181470 A JP2015181470 A JP 2015181470A JP 2014063724 A JP2014063724 A JP 2014063724A JP 2014063724 A JP2014063724 A JP 2014063724A JP 2015181470 A JP2015181470 A JP 2015181470A
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isomaltulose
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JP6422226B2 (en
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裕美子 手塚
Yumiko Tezuka
裕美子 手塚
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Mitsui DM Sugar Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for improving yield upon the heating of meat, an agent for improving yield upon the heating of meat, a method for producing meat having improved meat quality, and a meat internal quantity improving agent.SOLUTION: Provided is a method for improving yield upon the heating of meat, and also provided is a method for producing meat having improved internal quality. In these methods, meat is added with isomaltulose. Also provided is an agent for improving yield upon the heating of meat, and also provided is a meat internal quality improving agent. These agents include isomaltulose.

Description

本発明は、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の方法及び食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の剤並びに肉質を改良された食肉の製造方法及び食肉の肉質改良剤に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for improving the yield when meat is heated, an agent for improving the yield when meat is heated, a method for producing meat with improved meat quality, and a meat quality improving agent for meat.

生の食肉を加熱すると、肉汁が肉から流出する。その結果、食肉の質量が減少し、すなわち歩留りが低下する。肉汁がより多く失われることによって、食肉の加熱における歩留りがより低下する。また、肉汁がより多く失われることによって、肉はよりジューシーでなくなり、またはより硬くなる。そこで、食肉の加熱に起因するこれらの問題を解消する必要がある。   When raw meat is heated, gravy flows out of the meat. As a result, the mass of the meat decreases, that is, the yield decreases. Loss of more meat juice results in a lower yield in meat heating. Also, more meat juice is lost, making the meat less juicy or harder. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate these problems caused by the heating of meat.

下記特許文献1〜8並びに非特許文献1及び2は、上記問題を解消する為の方法を記載する。   The following Patent Documents 1 to 8 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe methods for solving the above problems.

下記特許文献1は、食肉加工製品を製造するにあたり、肉100重量部に対し、有機酸塩0.1〜5.0重量部および繊維性の食品素材0.1〜5.0重量部を、またはこれらを調味液または水5〜50重量部に溶解もしくは懸濁させたものを、注入または混合することを特徴とする食肉加工製品の歩留り向上方法を記載する(請求項1)。   In the following Patent Document 1, when manufacturing a processed meat product, 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of an organic acid salt and 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of a fibrous food material with respect to 100 parts by weight of meat, Alternatively, a method for improving the yield of processed meat products, characterized in that a solution obtained by dissolving or suspending these in a seasoning liquid or 5 to 50 parts by weight of water is injected or mixed (claim 1).

下記特許文献2は、液中の塩化ナトリウムと糖アルコールの固形分の重量比を1:1〜1:10の範囲に調節した調味液にトリ肉を浸漬した後、油ちょうすることを特徴とするトリ肉の唐揚げの製造方法を記載する(請求項1)。   The following Patent Document 2 is characterized in that after the chicken meat is immersed in a seasoning liquid in which the weight ratio of solids of sodium chloride and sugar alcohol in the liquid is adjusted to a range of 1: 1 to 1:10, oil is added. A method for producing deep-fried chicken meat is described (claim 1).

下記特許文献3は、畜肉を炭酸塩溶液及び/または炭酸水素塩溶液に一定時間接触させ、当該溶液を肉中に浸透させて、水中でボイル、あるいは蒸し、またはソテーした後、加圧加熱殺菌する事を特徴とする、レトルト肉の食感改善方法を記載する(請求項1)。   In Patent Document 3 below, meat is brought into contact with a carbonate solution and / or bicarbonate solution for a certain period of time, and the solution is infiltrated into the meat, boiled, steamed or sauteed in water, and then heated and pasteurized. A method for improving the texture of retort meat is described (claim 1).

下記特許文献4は、膨張剤と食物繊維及び/又はグルコン酸塩とを有効成分として含有することを特徴とする畜肉用品質改良剤を記載する(請求項1)。   The following Patent Document 4 describes a quality improving agent for livestock meat characterized by containing a swelling agent and dietary fiber and / or gluconate as active ingredients (Claim 1).

下記特許文献5は、塩化ナトリウムに対しマグネシウムを0.025〜0.7重量%含む焼き塩1重量部に対し、糖アルコールを2.5〜5.5重量部、エステル化又は/及びエーテル化された澱粉誘導体を1.0〜2.5重量部、及び有機酸塩を0.3〜1.3重量部含有することを特徴とする食肉用改良剤を記載する(請求項1)。   In the following Patent Document 5, sugar alcohol is 2.5 to 5.5 parts by weight, esterified or / and etherified to 1 part by weight of baked salt containing 0.025 to 0.7% by weight of magnesium with respect to sodium chloride. A meat improver comprising 1.0 to 2.5 parts by weight of a starch derivative and 0.3 to 1.3 parts by weight of an organic acid salt is described (claim 1).

下記特許文献6は、オリゴ糖と澱粉質原料とを含むことを特徴とする肉類加工品用改良剤を記載する(請求項1)。   The following Patent Document 6 describes an improver for processed meat products, characterized in that it contains an oligosaccharide and a starchy raw material (Claim 1).

下記特許文献7は、クエン酸塩100重量部、炭酸塩及び/又は炭酸水素塩0.01〜35重量部、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース0.01〜10重量部、からなる肉類の品質改良剤を記載する(請求項1)。   The following Patent Document 7 describes a meat quality improver comprising 100 parts by weight of citrate, 0.01 to 35 parts by weight of carbonate and / or bicarbonate, and 0.01 to 10 parts by weight of hydroxypropylcellulose. (Claim 1).

下記特許文献8は、加工肉の赤身中にカルシウムとトレハロースを含み、トレハロースを含む調味液に浸漬した加工肉を記載する(請求項1)。   The following Patent Document 8 describes processed meat that contains calcium and trehalose in red meat of processed meat and is immersed in a seasoning liquid containing trehalose (claim 1).

下記非特許文献1は、畜肉・魚介類加工用品質改良剤製剤を記載し、当該剤は炭酸水素ナトリウム、アラニン及び糖アルコールを含む(第30頁左欄第4〜6行)。   Non-Patent Document 1 below describes a quality improver preparation for processing livestock meat and seafood, and the agent contains sodium hydrogen carbonate, alanine and sugar alcohol (page 30, left column, lines 4 to 6).

下記非特許文献2は、梅酢を含む肉軟化剤を記載する(第25頁左欄第5〜13行)。   Non-patent document 2 below describes a meat softener containing ume vinegar (page 25, left column, lines 5 to 13).

特開平6−343423号公報JP-A-6-343423 特開平7−274899号公報JP 7-274899 A 特開2000−78957号公報JP 2000-78957 A 特開2001−148号公報JP 2001-148 A 特開2003−304836号公報JP 2003-304836 A 特開2006−67998号公報JP 2006-67998 A 特開2007−312751号公報JP 2007-312751 A 特開平10−14536号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-14536

小島麻美、“かたい肉を、やわらかく、おいしくする畜肉・魚介類加工用品質改良剤製剤「ソフテースト(商標)」のご紹介”、月刊フードケミカル、株式会社食品化学新聞社、2013年3月、vol.335、p.30-35Asami Kojima, “Introduction of Softest (trademark), a quality improver preparation for processing meat and seafood that makes hard meat soft and delicious”, Monthly Food Chemical, Food Chemical Newspaper, March 2013, vol.335, p.30-35 朝木宏之、“肉・魚介類をやわらかくおいしくする果実調味料「梅ソフト」”、月刊フードケミカル、株式会社食品化学新聞社、2013年3月、vol.335、p.25-29Hiroyuki Asagi, “Fresh seasoning to soften meat and seafood“ Plum Soft ””, Monthly Food Chemical Co., Ltd., Food Chemical Newspaper, March 2013, vol.335, p.25-29

上記特許文献1〜8並びに非特許文献1及び2に記載の方法で用いられる成分はいずれも、肉に当該成分が有する味を与えてしまう。そのため、これらの方法が適用された肉は、望ましくない味を有しうる。また、当該成分は肉に当該成分が有する味を与えるので、これら方法が適用できる食品の範囲を限定してしまう。肉に適用される成分の数がより少ないこと及び当該成分が肉の味に与える影響がより小さいことが望ましい。   Any of the components used in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 8 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 give the meat the taste of the component. Therefore, the meat to which these methods are applied can have an undesirable taste. Moreover, since the said component gives the taste which the said component has to meat, the range of the foodstuff which can apply these methods will be limited. It is desirable that the number of components applied to the meat is less and the effect of the components on the taste of the meat is smaller.

そこで、本発明は、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の方法及び食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の剤並びに肉質を改良された食肉の製造方法及び食肉の肉質改良剤を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention provides a method for improving the yield when meat is heated, an agent for improving the yield when meat is heated, a method for producing meat with improved meat quality, and a meat quality improving agent for meat. The purpose is to provide.

本発明は、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の方法を提供する。当該方法は、食肉にイソマルツロースを添加することを含む。   The present invention provides a method for improving the yield when meat is heated. The method includes adding isomaltulose to the meat.

また、本発明は、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の剤を提供する。当該剤は、イソマルツロースを含む。   Moreover, this invention provides the agent for improving the yield when meat is heated. The agent includes isomaltulose.

また、本発明は、肉質を改良された食肉の製造方法を提供する。当該方法において、食肉にイソマルツロースを添加することにより、肉質が改良された食肉が得られる。   The present invention also provides a method for producing meat with improved meat quality. In this method, meat with improved meat quality is obtained by adding isomaltulose to the meat.

また、本発明は、食肉の肉質改良剤を提供する。当該剤は、イソマルツロースを含む。   The present invention also provides a meat quality improving agent. The agent includes isomaltulose.

本発明により、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りが向上する。本発明において、加熱したときの歩留りの向上は、食肉を加熱したときの食肉の質量減少がより少なくなることにより確認できる。当該歩留りの向上は、食肉の加熱時の肉汁流出が抑制されることによると考えられる。肉汁は、食肉を加熱した際に食肉から流出する液体である。   According to the present invention, the yield when meat is heated is improved. In the present invention, the improvement in the yield when heated can be confirmed by the reduction in the mass of the meat when the meat is heated. The improvement in the yield is considered to be due to the suppression of the juice outflow during the heating of the meat. Meat juice is a liquid that flows out of meat when the meat is heated.

また、本発明により、食肉の肉質が改良される。本発明において、肉質の改良とは、加熱された食肉の食感の改善をいう。上記食感の改善は、畜肉の場合には、加熱後の肉のジューシーさ、軟らかさ、及び/又は、噛んだときの切れ易さの向上でありうる。また、当該食感の改善は、魚介肉の場合には、加熱後の肉の、噛んだときの切れ易さ及び/又は身のしまりの向上でありうる。食感の改善は、官能検査又は硬さの評価によって確認できる。   Moreover, the meat quality of meat is improved by the present invention. In the present invention, improvement in meat quality means improvement in the texture of heated meat. In the case of livestock meat, the above-mentioned improvement in texture can be an improvement in the juiciness, softness, and / or ease of cutting when chewed. In addition, in the case of seafood meat, the improvement in the texture can be an improvement in the ease of cutting and / or closing of the meat after heating. The improvement in texture can be confirmed by a sensory test or hardness evaluation.

イソマルツロースは甘味料である。すなわち、本発明において、甘味料が肉質改良剤及び/又は歩留り向上剤として使用される。また、イソマルツロースの甘味度は低い。よって、イソマルツロースが食肉の味に与える影響は小さい。従って、本発明を適用できる食品の範囲は広い。また、イソマルツロースは甘味度の低い甘味料であるので、食肉の加工において添加される材料のうち他の甘味料、例えば砂糖の量を調節することによって、当該加工された食肉の所望の味を維持しつつ、肉質を改良し及び/又は歩留りを向上することができる。   Isomaltulose is a sweetener. That is, in the present invention, a sweetener is used as a meat quality improver and / or a yield improver. In addition, the sweetness of isomaltulose is low. Therefore, the influence of isomaltulose on the taste of meat is small. Therefore, the range of foods to which the present invention can be applied is wide. In addition, since isomaltulose is a sweetener with low sweetness, the desired taste of the processed meat is adjusted by adjusting the amount of other sweeteners such as sugar among the ingredients added in the processing of meat. While maintaining the above, the meat quality can be improved and / or the yield can be improved.

本発明において「食肉」は食用に供される肉であればよい。当該食肉は、畜肉、例えばウシ、ブタ、トリ、ウマ及びヒツジ等の動物の肉、並びに魚介肉、例えば淡水魚、海水魚、貝類及び甲殻類等の肉、を包含する。当該食肉は、複数種の食肉を混合したもの、例えばウシ及びブタの合挽き肉などでありうる。当該食肉は、例えば生肉である。生肉に本発明の方法を適用することによって、本発明の効果がより顕著に奏される。本発明において、「生肉」とは、焼く及び蒸すなどの加熱処理がされていない肉をいう。食肉の形状は、当業者により適宜選択されうる。   In the present invention, the “meat” may be any meat that is used for food. The meat includes livestock meat such as animal meat such as cows, pigs, birds, horses and sheep, and seafood such as freshwater fish, saltwater fish, shellfish and shellfish. The meat may be a mixture of multiple types of meat, such as ground beef and pork. The meat is raw meat, for example. By applying the method of the present invention to raw meat, the effects of the present invention are more remarkably exhibited. In the present invention, “raw meat” refers to meat that has not been subjected to heat treatment such as baking and steaming. The shape of the meat can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.

本発明に従う食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の方法(以下、歩留り向上方法ともいう)において、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上するように当該添加が行なわれるのであれば、いかなる方法によって行なわれてもよい。本発明において、例えば、イソマルツロース含有液を食肉と接触させることにより又は固形のイソマルツロースを食肉と混合することにより、食肉にイソマルツロースが添加されうる。   In the method for improving the yield when the meat according to the present invention is heated (hereinafter also referred to as the yield improving method), any method can be used as long as the addition is performed so as to improve the yield when the meat is heated. May be performed. In the present invention, for example, isomaltulose can be added to meat by bringing the isomaltulose-containing liquid into contact with meat or by mixing solid isomaltulose with meat.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において、上記イソマルツロース含有液は例えば、イソマルツロースを溶解又は懸濁した状態で含む液でありうる。当該液中に、イソマルツロースの一部が沈殿していてもよい。上記接触は、当該液に食肉を浸す又は当該液を食肉に塗布する若しくはスプレーすることにより行なわれうる。代替的には、イソマルツロースを含有しない液に食肉を浸し、次に当該液にイソマルツロースを添加してもよい。当該添加後、イソマルツロースを当該液中に溶解又は懸濁させてイソマルツロース含有液が調製される。そして当該イソマルツロース含有液が食肉と接触する。   In the yield improving method according to the present invention, the isomaltulose-containing liquid may be, for example, a liquid containing isomaltulose dissolved or suspended. A part of isomaltulose may be precipitated in the liquid. The contact can be performed by immersing the meat in the liquid, or applying or spraying the liquid on the meat. Alternatively, the meat may be immersed in a liquid not containing isomaltulose, and then isomaltulose may be added to the liquid. After the addition, isomaltulose-containing liquid is prepared by dissolving or suspending isomaltulose in the liquid. And the said isomaltulose containing liquid contacts meat.

「イソマルツロース(isomaltulose)」とは、グルコースがフラクトースにα-1,6-グルコシル結合することによって構成された二糖をいう。イソマルツロースはパラチノース(登録商標)(palatinose)とも呼ばれる。以下本明細書において、イソマルツロースをパラチノースともいう。本発明において、イソマルツロースとして、例えば固形イソマルツロース又はイソマルツロース含有固形物が用いられうる。当該固形イソマルツロースは例えば、結晶パラチノース(商標)IC及び粉末パラチノース(商標)ICP(いずれも三井製糖株式会社)でありうる。イソマルツロース含有固形物は例えば、イソマルツロース及びトレハルロースを含む固形物、特にはイソマルツロース及びトレハルロースを含む粉末でありうる。当該固形物は例えば、特開2013−5790号公報又は特開2012−179045号公報により記載されたものでありうる。これら公報に記載されたイソマルツロース含有固形物は、当該固形物中の糖類の合計質量に対して、イソマルツロースを70〜90質量%、特には72〜89質量%、より特には74〜88質量%、さらにより特には75〜85質量%含有し且つトレハルロースを8〜25質量%、特には9〜20質量%、より特には10〜18質量%含有しうる。代替的には、上記イソマルツロース含有液を調製する為に用いられるイソマルツロースは例えば、ショ糖からイソマルツロースを生成する酵素をショ糖液に作用させて得られたイソマルツロース含有糖液でありうる。当該イソマルツロース含有糖液は例えば、当該糖液中の糖類の合計質量に対して、イソマルツロースを70〜90質量%、特には72〜89質量%、より特には74〜88質量%、さらにより特には75〜85質量%含有し且つトレハルロースを8〜25質量%、特には9〜20質量%、より特には10〜18質量%含有しうる。当該糖液は例えば、上記2つの公報又は特開昭57−39794号公報に記載の方法により得られうる。   “Isomaltulose” refers to a disaccharide composed of α-1,6-glucosyl bonds between glucose and fructose. Isomaltulose is also called palatinose. Hereinafter, in this specification, isomaltulose is also referred to as palatinose. In the present invention, as isomaltulose, for example, solid isomaltulose or isomaltulose-containing solid material can be used. The solid isomaltulose can be, for example, crystalline palatinose (trademark) IC and powdered palatinose (trademark) ICP (both are Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). The isomaltulose-containing solid can be, for example, a solid containing isomaltulose and trehalulose, in particular a powder containing isomaltulose and trehalulose. The said solid substance may be described by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2013-5790 or Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2012-179045, for example. The isomaltulose-containing solid material described in these publications is 70 to 90% by mass, particularly 72 to 89% by mass, more particularly 74 to 89% by mass of isomaltulose based on the total mass of saccharides in the solid material. It may contain 88% by weight, even more particularly 75-85% by weight and trehalulose 8-25% by weight, in particular 9-20% by weight, more particularly 10-18% by weight. Alternatively, isomaltulose used for preparing the isomaltulose-containing liquid is, for example, isomaltulose-containing sugar obtained by allowing an enzyme that generates isomaltulose from sucrose to act on the sucrose liquid. It can be a liquid. The isomaltulose-containing sugar solution is, for example, 70 to 90% by mass, particularly 72 to 89% by mass, more particularly 74 to 88% by mass of isomaltulose, with respect to the total mass of sugars in the sugar solution. Even more particularly, it may contain 75 to 85% by mass and trehalulose may contain 8 to 25% by mass, in particular 9 to 20% by mass, more particularly 10 to 18% by mass. The sugar solution can be obtained, for example, by the method described in the above two publications or JP-A-57-39794.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において、上記イソマルツロース含有液を調製する為に用いられる液は例えば、水、アルコール若しくは油、又はこれら混合物でありうる。当該液の種類は、所望の食肉加工品を調製する為に、当業者により適宜選択されうる。イソマルツロースをより効率的に食肉内に行き渡らせる為に、イソマルツロースは当該液に溶解した状態で食肉と接触させられる。イソマルツロースを当該液に溶解させる為に、好ましくは当該液は水を含む。より好ましくは、当該イソマルツロース含有液はイソマルツロース水溶液である。   In the yield improving method according to the present invention, the liquid used for preparing the isomaltulose-containing liquid may be, for example, water, alcohol or oil, or a mixture thereof. The type of the liquid can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art in order to prepare a desired processed meat product. In order to spread isomaltulose more efficiently in the meat, isomaltulose is brought into contact with the meat in a state dissolved in the liquid. In order to dissolve isomaltulose in the liquid, the liquid preferably contains water. More preferably, the isomaltulose-containing liquid is an isomaltulose aqueous solution.

上記イソマルツロース含有液中のイソマルツロース含有量は、上記接触の方法及び食肉の所望の味に従い、当業者により適宜決定されうる。例えば、イソマルツロースの含有量は、当該イソマルツロース含有液の質量に対して0.01〜50質量%、特には0.02〜45質量%、より特には0.03〜40質量%、さらにより特には0.05〜30質量%でありうる。当該イソマルツロース含有液中において、イソマルツロースは、全部が溶解していてよく、又は、一部が溶解し且つ残りが懸濁若しくは沈殿していてもよい。代替的には、当該イソマルツロース含有液中において、イソマルツロースは全部が溶解していなくてもよい。イソマルツロースがイソマルツロース含有液中で溶解していない場合の例は、イソマルツロース含有液がイソマルツロースを含む油を用いる場合である。すなわち、本発明において、イソマルツロース含有油を食肉に接触させてもよい。また、上記イソマルツロース含有液としてイソマルツロース水溶液を用いる場合、水の質量に対するイソマルツロースの質量の割合は、例えば0.01〜15質量%、特には0.02〜12質量%、より特には0.03〜10質量%、さらにより特には0.05〜8質量%でありうる。当該割合が低すぎる場合、本発明の効果が奏されない。当該割合は上記上限よりも高くてもよいが、水の温度によってイソマルツロースの一部が溶解しない場合がある。   The isomaltulose content in the isomaltulose-containing liquid can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art according to the contact method and the desired taste of meat. For example, the content of isomaltulose is 0.01 to 50% by weight, particularly 0.02 to 45% by weight, more particularly 0.03 to 40% by weight, based on the weight of the isomaltulose-containing liquid. Even more particularly it may be 0.05 to 30% by weight. In the isomaltulose-containing solution, the isomaltulose may be completely dissolved, or partly dissolved and the rest may be suspended or precipitated. Alternatively, the isomaltulose may not be completely dissolved in the isomaltulose-containing solution. An example of the case where isomaltulose is not dissolved in the isomaltulose-containing liquid is a case where the isomaltulose-containing liquid uses an oil containing isomaltulose. That is, in the present invention, isomaltulose-containing oil may be brought into contact with meat. Moreover, when using an isomaltulose aqueous solution as the isomaltulose-containing liquid, the ratio of the mass of isomaltulose to the mass of water is, for example, 0.01 to 15% by mass, particularly 0.02 to 12% by mass, In particular it may be 0.03 to 10% by weight, even more particularly 0.05 to 8% by weight. When the said ratio is too low, the effect of this invention is not show | played. The ratio may be higher than the above upper limit, but a part of isomaltulose may not be dissolved depending on the temperature of water.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において、食肉の質量に対するイソマルツロース含有液中のイソマルツロースの質量は、上記接触の方法及び食肉の所望の味に従い、当業者により適宜決定されうる。例えば、イソマルツロースの質量は、食肉の質量に対して、0.01〜20質量%、特には0.02〜18質量%、より特には0.05〜16質量%、さらにより特には0.1〜15質量%でありうる。当該割合が低すぎる場合、本発明の効果が奏されない。当該割合は上記上限よりも高くてもよいが、製造効率の観点から上記上限までとする。   In the yield improving method according to the present invention, the mass of isomaltulose in the isomaltulose-containing liquid relative to the mass of meat can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art according to the method of contact and the desired taste of meat. For example, the weight of isomaltulose is 0.01 to 20% by weight, in particular 0.02 to 18% by weight, more particularly 0.05 to 16% by weight, and even more particularly 0%, based on the weight of the meat. .1 to 15% by mass. When the said ratio is too low, the effect of this invention is not show | played. The ratio may be higher than the upper limit, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency, the ratio is set to the upper limit.

当該イソマルツロース含有液は、他の成分も含みうる。当該他の成分は、例えば糖類、糖アルコール類、アミノ酸類、酸類、塩類、香料類、調味料類、保存料類、及び着色料類でありうる。当該成分は、食肉製品の所望の味及び外観を与える為に又は食肉製品の品質維持の為に用いられうる。当該成分は、当業者により適宜選択されうる。   The isomaltulose-containing liquid can also contain other components. Such other components can be, for example, sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, acids, salts, fragrances, seasonings, preservatives, and colorants. The ingredient can be used to give the desired taste and appearance of the meat product or to maintain the quality of the meat product. The said component can be suitably selected by those skilled in the art.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において、食肉とイソマルツロース含有液とを接触させる時間は好ましくは少なくとも0.5時間、特には少なくとも1時間、特には少なくとも1.2時間、より特には少なくとも1.5時間でありうる。当該接触時間は、肉の形状及び所望の肉質によって、当業者により適宜設定されうる。当該接触時間が短すぎる場合、イソマルツロースが食肉内に十分浸透せず、本発明の効果が奏されない。また、当該接触時間は例えば最大で200時間、特には最大で180時間、より特には最大で160時間、より特には最大で150時間、より特には最大で140時間、より特には最大で130時間でありうる。当該接触時間がこれら上限より長くても肉質がさらにより改良されることはないと考えられるので、食肉の処理効率の観点からこれらの上限が設定されうる。当該接触時間は上記上限より長くてもよく、食肉とイソマルツロース含有液とを接触させたまま、食肉を加熱処理するまで又は消費者に販売されるまで保存されてもよい。食肉とイソマルツロース含有液とを接触させるときの食肉の温度は、例えば0〜30℃、特には0.2〜20℃、より特には0.5〜10℃で行なわれる。当該温度が低すぎる場合は、例えば液が凍結することにより、イソマルツロースが食肉内に十分浸透しない。当該温度が高すぎる場合、食肉の加熱による変性が生じうる。その結果、イソマルツロースが食肉内に十分浸透しない。   In the yield improving method according to the present invention, the time for contacting the meat with the isomaltulose-containing liquid is preferably at least 0.5 hour, in particular at least 1 hour, in particular at least 1.2 hours, more particularly at least 1.5. It can be time. The contact time can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art depending on the shape of the meat and the desired meat quality. If the contact time is too short, isomaltulose does not sufficiently penetrate into the meat, and the effects of the present invention are not achieved. The contact time is, for example, at most 200 hours, particularly at most 180 hours, more particularly at most 160 hours, more particularly at most 150 hours, more particularly at most 140 hours, more particularly at most 130 hours. It can be. Since it is considered that the meat quality is not further improved even if the contact time is longer than these upper limits, these upper limits can be set from the viewpoint of meat processing efficiency. The contact time may be longer than the above upper limit, and may be stored until the meat is heat-treated or sold to the consumer while the meat and the isomaltulose-containing liquid are in contact with each other. The temperature of the meat when the meat is brought into contact with the isomaltulose-containing liquid is, for example, 0 to 30 ° C, particularly 0.2 to 20 ° C, more particularly 0.5 to 10 ° C. If the temperature is too low, isomaltulose does not sufficiently penetrate into the meat due to, for example, freezing of the liquid. If the temperature is too high, the meat can be denatured by heating. As a result, isomaltulose does not sufficiently penetrate into the meat.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において、食肉とイソマルツロースとの混合とは、任意の手段、例えばヘラ又はミキサーによって行なわれうる。当該混合をより効率的に行う為に、食肉は例えば挽肉状のものでありうる。   In the yield improving method according to the present invention, the mixing of meat and isomaltulose can be performed by any means such as a spatula or a mixer. In order to perform the mixing more efficiently, the meat can be, for example, ground meat.

本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において上記混合を行う場合、食肉質量に対するイソマルツロースの質量割合は、例えば0.01〜20質量%、特には0.02〜18質量%、より特には0.05〜16質量%、さらにより特には0.1〜15質量%でありうる。当該割合が低すぎる場合、本発明の効果が奏されない。当該割合は上記上限よりも高くてよいが、食肉に付与される甘味が強くなる。   When the above mixing is performed in the yield improving method according to the present invention, the mass ratio of isomaltulose to the meat mass is, for example, 0.01 to 20 mass%, particularly 0.02 to 18 mass%, more particularly 0.05 to It may be 16% by weight, even more particularly 0.1-15% by weight. When the said ratio is too low, the effect of this invention is not show | played. Although the said ratio may be higher than the said upper limit, the sweet taste provided to meat becomes strong.

本発明はまた、肉質を改良された食肉の製造方法を提供する。当該方法において、食肉にイソマルツロースを添加することにより、肉質が改良された食肉が得られる。当該製造方法において、食肉へのイソマルツロースの添加は、加熱された食肉の食感の少なくとも1つが改善されるように当該添加が行なわれるのであれば、いかなる方法によって行なわれてもよい。例えば、当該添加は、上記本発明に従う歩留り向上方法において記載したとおりの食肉とイソマルツロース含有液との接触又は食肉と固形イソマルツロースとの混合により行なわれうる。   The present invention also provides a method for producing meat with improved meat quality. In this method, meat with improved meat quality is obtained by adding isomaltulose to the meat. In the production method, the addition of isomaltulose to the meat may be performed by any method as long as the addition is performed so that at least one of the texture of the heated meat is improved. For example, the addition can be performed by contacting the meat with the isomaltulose-containing liquid or mixing the meat with solid isomaltulose as described in the yield improving method according to the present invention.

本発明において、イソマルツロースに加えてトレハルロースを用いることによって、すなわちイソマルツロース及びトレハルロースを食肉に添加することによって、食肉の加熱時の歩留りがより向上し及び/又は肉質がより改良される。トレハルロースによる本発明の効果のさらなる向上は、食肉の加熱温度が70℃以上、特には100℃以上、より特には110℃以上、さらにより特には120℃以上、さらにより特には130℃以上である場合により明らかに現れる。上記歩留り向上方法及び/又は上記製造方法において用いられるトレハルロースの質量は、イソマルツロース質量に対して5〜40質量%、特には6〜38質量%、より特には8〜36質量%でありうる。当該質量割合が低すぎる場合、トレハルロースによる上記効果が奏されない。当該質量割合は、上記上限より高くてもよいが、イソマルツロース及びトレハルロースを含有する固形物又は糖液の製造効率の観点から上記上限までとする。上記歩留り向上方法及び/又は上記製造方法においてイソマルツロース及びトレハルロースを用いる場合、例えば、上記で述べたとおりの、イソマルツロースを70〜90質量%含有し且つトレハルロースを8〜25質量%含有するイソマルツロース含有固形物又はイソマルツロースを70〜90質量%含有し且つトレハルロースを8〜25質量%含有するイソマルツロース含有糖液が用いられうる。   In the present invention, by using trehalulose in addition to isomaltulose, that is, by adding isomaltulose and trehalulose to meat, the yield during heating of the meat is further improved and / or the meat quality is further improved. The further improvement of the effect of the present invention by trehalulose is that the heating temperature of meat is 70 ° C. or higher, particularly 100 ° C. or higher, more particularly 110 ° C. or higher, even more particularly 120 ° C. or higher, and even more particularly 130 ° C. or higher. It appears clearly in some cases. The mass of trehalulose used in the yield improving method and / or the manufacturing method may be 5 to 40% by mass, particularly 6 to 38% by mass, more particularly 8 to 36% by mass, based on the mass of isomaltulose. . When the said mass ratio is too low, the said effect by a trehalulose is not show | played. Although the said mass ratio may be higher than the said upper limit, it sets it to the said upper limit from a viewpoint of the manufacturing efficiency of the solid substance or sugar liquid containing isomaltulose and trehalulose. When isomaltulose and trehalulose are used in the yield improving method and / or the production method, for example, as described above, isomaltulose is contained in an amount of 70 to 90% by mass and trehalulose is contained in an amount of 8 to 25% by mass. An isomaltulose-containing solid or an isomaltulose-containing sugar solution containing 70 to 90% by mass of isomaltulose and 8 to 25% by mass of trehalulose can be used.

また、トレハルロースはイソマルツロースと同程度の甘味度を有し、すなわちトレハルロースの甘味度は低い。よって、トレハルロースが食肉の味に与える影響は小さい。よって、本発明においてイソマルツロースとトレハルロースとの組み合わせを用いる場合であっても、本発明を適用できる食品の範囲は広い。また、本発明においてイソマルツロースとトレハルロースとの組合せを用いる場合であっても、加工された食肉の味を維持しつつ、歩留りが向上し及び/又は肉質が改良される。   In addition, trehalulose has the same degree of sweetness as isomaltulose, that is, trehalulose has a lower sweetness. Therefore, the effect of trehalulose on the taste of meat is small. Therefore, even when a combination of isomaltulose and trehalulose is used in the present invention, the range of foods to which the present invention can be applied is wide. In addition, even when a combination of isomaltulose and trehalulose is used in the present invention, the yield is improved and / or the meat quality is improved while maintaining the taste of the processed meat.

本発明はまた、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の剤を提供する。当該歩留りを向上する為の剤はイソマルツロースを含む。本発明に従う剤の形状は、食肉への添加方法に従い当業者により適宜定められてよく、例えば液又は粉末でありうる。本発明の剤が液である場合の剤の食肉への添加方法並びに液の組成は、上記本発明に従う方法において液を用いる場合と同じである。また、本発明の剤が粉末である場合の剤の食肉への添加方法、イソマルツロースと食肉との混合割合、及び剤に含まれうる他の成分は、上記本発明に従う方法において食肉とイソマルツロースとを混合する場合と同じである。本発明の歩留りを向上する為の剤によって、上記歩留り向上方法について述べた効果が奏される。本発明はまた、当該歩留りを向上する為の剤を含む食肉を提供する。   The present invention also provides an agent for improving the yield when meat is heated. The agent for improving the yield includes isomaltulose. The form of the agent according to the present invention may be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art according to the method of addition to meat, and may be, for example, a liquid or a powder. When the agent of the present invention is a liquid, the method of adding the agent to meat and the composition of the liquid are the same as when the liquid is used in the method according to the present invention. In addition, when the agent of the present invention is a powder, the method of adding the agent to meat, the mixing ratio of isomaltulose and meat, and other components that can be contained in the agent are the same as those described above in the method according to the present invention. This is the same as when mixing with maltulose. With the agent for improving the yield of the present invention, the effects described above for the yield improving method are exhibited. The present invention also provides meat containing an agent for improving the yield.

本発明はまた、食肉の肉質改良剤を提供する。当該肉質改良剤はイソマルツロースを含む。本発明に従う剤の形状は、食肉への添加方法に従い当業者により適宜定められてよく、例えば液又は粉末でありうる。当該液及び粉末は、上記歩留り向上剤について述べたものと同じでありうる。本発明の肉質改良剤によって、上記製造方法について述べた効果が奏される。本発明はまた、当該肉質改良剤を含む食肉を提供する。   The present invention also provides a meat quality improving agent. The meat quality improving agent contains isomaltulose. The form of the agent according to the present invention may be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art according to the method of addition to meat, and may be, for example, a liquid or a powder. The liquid and powder may be the same as those described for the yield improver. With the meat quality improving agent of the present invention, the effects described above for the production method are exhibited. The present invention also provides meat containing the meat quality improving agent.

本発明はまた、イソマルツロースを含む食肉を提供する。当該食肉は、上記本発明に従う製造方法により得られうる。本発明に従う上記方法により奏される効果が、当該食肉においても奏される。   The present invention also provides meat comprising isomaltulose. The meat can be obtained by the production method according to the present invention. The effect exerted by the above method according to the present invention is also exhibited in the meat.

(実施例1−1:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表1の実施例1−1欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノース水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。生の国産ブタヒレ肉を約2cmの厚さ及び約40gの質量にカットし、当該カットした肉6枚を当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該肉を冷蔵庫内で1℃で3日間置いた。3日後、当該水溶液から当該肉を取り出し、当該肉を網に乗せて水切りして、当該肉に付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該肉を、ウォーターオーブン(ヘルシオ、シャープ株式会社)で200℃で15分間蒸し焼きにして、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例1−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Example 1-1: aqueous palatinose solution)
A palatinose aqueous solution was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 1-1 column of Table 1 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). Raw domestic pork fillet was cut to a thickness of about 2 cm and a mass of about 40 g, and 6 pieces of the cut meat were immersed in the aqueous solution. The meat was placed in a refrigerator at 1 ° C. for 3 days while immersed in the aqueous solution. Three days later, the meat was taken out from the aqueous solution, the meat was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the meat was dropped. Next, the meat was steamed at 200 ° C. for 15 minutes in a water oven (Helsio, Sharp Corporation) to obtain heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “the meat of Example 1-1”).

(実施例1−2:パラチノースSD水溶液)
パラチノースをパラチノースSDに代えたこと以外は実施例1−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例1−2の肉」という)を得た。
パラチノースSDは、特開2013−5790号公報の実施例1に記載された方法により得られた粉末である。パラチノースSDは、イソマルツロースを83質量%含有し且つトレハルロースを11質量%含有する。
(Example 1-2: Palatinose SD aqueous solution)
A heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “meat of Example 1-2”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that palatinose was replaced with palatinose SD.
Palatinose SD is a powder obtained by the method described in Example 1 of JP2013-5790A. Palatinose SD contains 83% by mass of isomaltulose and 11% by mass of trehalulose.

(比較例1−1)
パラチノースを含まないこと以外は実施例1−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例1−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 1-1)
A heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “meat of Comparative Example 1-1”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that palatinose was not included.

(比較例1−2)
パラチノースをグラニュー糖に代えたこと以外は実施例1−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例1−2の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 1-2)
A heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “meat of Comparative Example 1-2”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that palatinose was replaced with granulated sugar.

(比較例1−3)
パラチノースをトレハロースに代えたこと以外は実施例1−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例1−3の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 1-3)
A heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “meat of Comparative Example 1-3”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that palatinose was replaced with trehalose.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(蒸し焼き前後の質量の比較)
実施例1−1の手順を4回行ない、それぞれの回について蒸し焼き肉を用意した。当該蒸し焼き肉についてそれぞれ、蒸し焼き前の質量に対する蒸し焼き後の質量の百分率を算出した。算出された百分率の平均値を算出した。実施例1−2及び比較例1−1〜1−3についても同様に、百分率の平均値を算出した。算出された平均値を以下の表2に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after steaming)
The procedure of Example 1-1 was performed 4 times, and steamed baked meat was prepared for each time. About the said steamed baked meat, the percentage of the mass after steaming with respect to the mass before steaming was calculated. The average value of the calculated percentage was calculated. Similarly, the average value of percentage was calculated for Example 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. The calculated average values are shown in Table 2 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表2に示されるとおり、実施例1−1及び1−2の平均値はいずれも、比較例1−1〜1−3の肉よりも高い。すなわち、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉はいずれも、比較例1−1〜1−3の肉よりも、蒸し焼きしたときの質量の減少が少ない。よって、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉についての歩留りが、比較例1−1〜1−3の肉のものよりも向上している。また、実施例1−2の肉の歩留りは、実施例1−1の肉よりもさらに高い。肉を蒸し焼きしたときの質量減少は主に肉汁が肉から失われることによる。上記歩留りの向上は、肉汁流出の抑制によると考えられる。   As shown in Table 2, the average values of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 are both higher than the meat of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. That is, both the meat of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 has less mass reduction when steamed than the meat of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. Therefore, the yield about the meat of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 is improving rather than the meat of the comparative examples 1-1 to 1-3. Moreover, the meat yield of Example 1-2 is even higher than the meat of Example 1-1. The mass loss when steamed meat is mainly due to the loss of meat juice from the meat. The improvement in the yield is considered to be due to the suppression of the gravy outflow.

(食感の評価)
実施例1−1及び1−2の肉並びに比較例1−1〜1−3の肉について、食感を評価した。当該評価は、訓練されたパネラー6人により、肉の軟らかさ、ジューシーさ、肉を噛んだときの切れ易さ、及び美味しさの評価項目について行なわれた。各パネラーが、各評価項目について、比較例1−1の肉についての評価結果を0点とし、比較例1−1の肉と比較した場合の評価を±2点の範囲で、以下のとおりの評価基準に従い評価した。肉の軟らかさ;比較例1−1の肉より軟らかい:2点、やや軟らかい:1点、同程度:0点、やや硬い:−1点、硬い:−2点。肉のジューシーさ;比較例1−1の肉よりジューシーである:2点、ややジューシーである:1点、同程度:0点、ややジューシーでない:−1点、ジューシーでない:−2点。肉の切れ易さ;比較例1−1の肉より切れ易い:2点、やや切れ易い:1点、同程度:0点、やや切れにくい:−1点、切れにくい:−2点。美味しさ;比較例1−1の肉より美味しい:2点、やや美味しい:1点、同程度:0点、やや美味しくない:−1点、美味しくない:−2点。6人のパネラーの評価結果の平均値を以下の表3に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for the meat of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and the meat of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. The evaluation was performed by 6 trained panelists on the evaluation items of softness of meat, juiciness, ease of cutting when meat was bitten, and deliciousness. For each evaluation item, the evaluation result for the meat of Comparative Example 1-1 is set to 0 for each evaluation item, and the evaluation when compared with the meat of Comparative Example 1-1 is within the range of ± 2 points as follows. Evaluation was performed according to the evaluation criteria. Softness of meat; softer than the meat of Comparative Example 1-1: 2 points, slightly soft: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, slightly hard: -1 point, hard: -2 points. Juicy meat: Juicy than the meat of Comparative Example 1-1: 2 points, slightly juicy: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, not slightly juicy: -1 point, not juicy: -2 points. Ease of cutting meat: Easier to cut than the meat of Comparative Example 1-1: 2 points, somewhat easy to cut: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, slightly difficult to cut: -1 point, difficult to cut: -2 points. Deliciousness: delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 1-1: 2 points, slightly delicious: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, slightly delicious: -1 point, not delicious: -2 points. The average value of the evaluation results of the six panelists is shown in Table 3 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表3に示されるとおり、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉はいずれも、比較例1−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。実施例1−1及び1−2の肉はいずれも、全ての評価項目においても、比較例1−2及び1−3の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例1−2及び1−3の肉は、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例1−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であった。
As shown in Table 3, the meats of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 were both softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 1-1. The meats of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 were all superior to the meats of Comparative Examples 1-2 and 1-3 in all evaluation items.
The meat of Comparative Examples 1-2 and 1-3 was almost the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 1-1 in any of the evaluation items.

(硬さ測定)
肉の枚数を3枚としたこと以外は実施例1−1及び1−2並びに比較例1−1〜1−3と同じ手順を行って、蒸し焼きにした肉を各例について3枚ずつ用意した。当該測定は、直径15mmの円柱形状のプラスチックプランジャー及び荷重検出センサーである200Nロードセルを備えられたクリープメーター(RE2−33005S、株式会社山電)を用いて行なった。当該ロードセル上に上記の各肉を載せ、当該プランジャーを用いて各肉に荷重を与え、肉の歪率が60%となったときの荷重を肉の硬さとした。測定された硬さの平均値を下記表4に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
The same procedure as in Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 was performed except that the number of meats was three, and three pieces of steamed meat were prepared for each example. . The measurement was performed using a creep meter (RE2-30005S, Yamaden Co., Ltd.) equipped with a cylindrical plastic plunger having a diameter of 15 mm and a load detection sensor 200N load cell. Each meat described above was placed on the load cell, a load was applied to each meat using the plunger, and the load when the distortion rate of the meat reached 60% was defined as the hardness of the meat. The average value of the measured hardness is shown in Table 4 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表4に示されるとおり、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉の硬さはいずれも、比較例1−1〜1−3の肉のものよりも低かった。すなわち、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉はいずれも、比較例1−1〜1−3の肉よりも軟らかかった。また、実施例1−2の肉は、実施例1−1の肉よりもさらに軟らかかった。   As shown in Table 4, the meat hardness of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 were both lower than those of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. That is, the meat of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 was softer than the meat of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3. Moreover, the meat of Example 1-2 was softer than the meat of Example 1-1.

(肉のほぐれやすさ)
実施例1−1及び1−2の肉並びに比較例1−1〜1−3の肉を手で裂き、肉のほぐれやすさを確認した。その結果、実施例1−1及び1−2の肉はいずれも、ほぐれやすく、容易に裂くことができた。一方、比較例1−1〜1−3はいずれもほぐれにくく、容易に裂くことができなかった。
(Easy to loosen meat)
The meat of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 and the meat of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 were torn by hand, and the ease of loosening of the meat was confirmed. As a result, the meats of Examples 1-1 and 1-2 were easily loosened and could be easily split. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 were all difficult to loosen and could not be easily split.

(実施例2−1:パラチノース粉末)
下記表5の実施例2−1欄に示すとおりの配合で、生のブタひき肉、食塩及びパラチノースを混合した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。混合したものを、約50gずつ(4つ)に分け、それぞれハンバーグ形状に成形し、200℃のオーブンで17分間焼成して、ハンバーグ(以下で「実施例2−1のハンバーグ」という)を得た。
(Example 2-1: palatinose powder)
Raw ground pork, salt and palatinose were mixed in the formulation as shown in Example 2-1 column of Table 5 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). The mixture was divided into about 50 g (4 pieces) each, formed into a hamburger shape, and baked in an oven at 200 ° C. for 17 minutes to obtain a hamburger (hereinafter referred to as “hamburger of Example 2-1”). It was.

(実施例2−2:パラチノースSD粉末)
配合を下記表5の実施例2−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例2−1と同じ方法で、ハンバーグ(以下で「実施例2−2のハンバーグ」という)を得た。
(Example 2-2: Palatinose SD powder)
A hamburger (hereinafter referred to as “hamburger of Example 2-2”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the formulation was as shown in Example 2-2 column of Table 5 below.

(比較例2−1)
配合を下記表5の比較例2−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例2−1と同じ方法で、ハンバーグ(以下で「比較例2−1のハンバーグ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 2-1)
A hamburger (hereinafter referred to as “hamburger of Comparative Example 2-1”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the formulation was as shown in Comparative Example 2-1 column of Table 5 below.

(比較例2−2)
配合を下記表5の比較例2−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例2−1と同じ方法で、ハンバーグ(以下で「比較例2−2のハンバーグ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 2-2)
A hamburger (hereinafter referred to as “hamburger of Comparative Example 2-2”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the formulation was as shown in Comparative Example 2-2 column of Table 5 below.

(比較例2−3)
配合を下記表5の比較例2−3欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例2−1と同じ方法で、ハンバーグ(以下で「比較例2−3のハンバーグ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 2-3)
A hamburger (hereinafter referred to as “Hamburg of Comparative Example 2-3”) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the formulation was as shown in Comparative Example 2-3 column of Table 5 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(焼成前後の質量の比較)
実施例2−1で得られた4つのハンバーグについてそれぞれ、焼成前の質量に対する焼成後の質量の百分率を算出した。算出された百分率から平均値を算出した。実施例2−2及び比較例2−1〜2−3についても同様に、百分率の平均値を算出した。算出された平均値を以下の表6に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after firing)
For each of the four hamburgers obtained in Example 2-1, the percentage of mass after firing relative to the mass before firing was calculated. The average value was calculated from the calculated percentage. Similarly, the average value of percentage was calculated for Example 2-2 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. The calculated average values are shown in Table 6 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表6に示されるとおり、実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグの上記平均値はいずれも、比較例2−1〜2−3のハンバーグよりも高い。すなわち、実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグはいずれも、比較例2−1〜2−3のハンバーグよりも、焼成における質量の減少が少ない。よって、実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグの歩留りが、比較例2−1〜2−3のハンバーグよりも高い。また、実施例2−2のハンバーグの歩留りは、実施例2−1のハンバーグのものよりもさらに高い。ハンバーグを焼成したときの質量減少は主に肉汁が肉から失われることによる。上記歩留りの向上は、肉汁流出の抑制によると考えられる。   As shown in Table 6, the average values of the hamburgers of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 are both higher than those of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. That is, both the hamburgers of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 have less mass reduction during firing than the hamburgers of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. Therefore, the hamburger yields of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 are higher than those of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. Moreover, the yield of the hamburger of Example 2-2 is even higher than that of the hamburger of Example 2-1. The decrease in mass when hamburgers are fired is mainly due to the loss of gravy from the meat. The improvement in the yield is considered to be due to the suppression of the gravy outflow.

(食感の評価)
実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグ並びに比較例2−1〜2−3のハンバーグについて、食感を評価した。当該評価は、実施例1と同様に行なった。評価結果を以下の表7に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for the hamburgers of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 and the hamburgers of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 7 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表7に示されるとおり、実施例2−1及び2−2の肉はいずれも、比較例2−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。実施例2−1及び2−2の肉はいずれも、全ての評価項目においても、比較例2−2及び2−3の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例2−2及び2−3の肉は、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例2−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であった。
As shown in Table 7, the meats of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 were both softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 2-1. Both the meats of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 were superior to the meats of Comparative Examples 2-2 and 2-3 in all evaluation items.
The meat of Comparative Examples 2-2 and 2-3 was the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 2-1.

(硬さ測定)
実施例2−1の手順を行って得られたハンバーグのうち3つについて硬さを測定した。当該測定は、直径3mmの円柱形状の金属プランジャー及び荷重検出センサーである20Nロードセルを備えられたクリープメーター(RE2−33005S、株式会社山電)を用いて行なった。当該ロードセル上に上記の各ハンバーグを載せ、当該プランジャーを用いて各ハンバーグに荷重を与え、ハンバーグの歪率が60%となったときの荷重をハンバーグの硬さとした。3つのハンバーグについて測定された硬さの平均値を算出した。同様に、実施例2−2及び比較例2−1〜2−3についてもハンバーグの硬さの平均値を算出した。これらの平均値を下記表8に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
Hardness was measured about three hamburgers obtained by performing the procedure of Example 2-1. The measurement was performed using a creep meter (RE2-30005S, Yamaden Co., Ltd.) equipped with a cylindrical metal plunger having a diameter of 3 mm and a load detection sensor 20N load cell. Each said hamburger was mounted on the said load cell, the load was given to each hamburger using the said plunger, and the load when the distortion rate of a hamburger became 60% was made into the hardness of a hamburger. The average value of the hardness measured about three hamburgers was computed. Similarly, the average value of the hamburger hardness was also calculated for Example 2-2 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. These average values are shown in Table 8 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表8に示されるとおり、実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグの硬さはいずれも、比較例2−2及び2−3のハンバーグのものよりも、低かった。すなわち、実施例2−1及び2−2のハンバーグはいずれも、比較例2−2及び2−3のハンバーグよりも軟らかかった。また、実施例2−2のハンバーグは、実施例2−1のハンバーグよりもさらに軟らかかった。なお、比較例2−1のハンバーグの測定では、歪率が60%となる前に当該ハンバーグに亀裂が生じた。そのため、比較例2−1のハンバーグについて、他のハンバーグと比較可能な硬さは測定できなかった。   As shown in Table 8, the hardness of the hamburgers of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 was lower than those of the hamburgers of Comparative Examples 2-2 and 2-3. That is, both the hamburgers of Examples 2-1 and 2-2 were softer than the hamburgers of Comparative Examples 2-2 and 2-3. Moreover, the hamburger of Example 2-2 was softer than the hamburger of Example 2-1. In the measurement of the hamburger of Comparative Example 2-1, the hamburger cracked before the distortion rate reached 60%. Therefore, about the hamburger of Comparative Example 2-1, hardness comparable to other hamburgers could not be measured.

(実施例3:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表9の実施例3欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノースを含む水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。生の国産ブタヒレ肉を300gを当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該肉を冷蔵庫内で1℃で5日間置いた。5日後、当該水溶液から当該肉を取り出し、次に、当該肉を700gの水に1時間浸漬した。浸漬後、当該肉を網に乗せて水切りして、当該肉に付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該肉を、ウォーターオーブン(ヘルシオ、シャープ株式会社)で70℃で2時間蒸し焼きにして、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例3の肉」という)を得た。
(Example 3: Palatinose aqueous solution)
An aqueous solution containing palatinose was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 3 column of Table 9 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). 300 g of raw domestic pork fillet was soaked in the aqueous solution. The meat was placed in a refrigerator at 1 ° C. for 5 days while immersed in the aqueous solution. After 5 days, the meat was removed from the aqueous solution, and then the meat was immersed in 700 g of water for 1 hour. After immersion, the meat was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the meat was dropped. Next, the meat was steamed in a water oven (Helsio, Sharp Corporation) at 70 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Example 3”).

(比較例3−1)
水溶液の配合を下記表9の比較例3−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例3と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例3−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 3-1)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 3-1”) in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 3-1 column of Table 9 below. Obtained.

(比較例3−2)
水溶液の配合を下記表9の比較例3−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例3と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例3−2の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 3-2)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 3-2”) in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 3-2 column of Table 9 below. Obtained.

(比較例3−3)
水溶液の配合を下記表9の比較例3−3欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例3と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例3−3の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 3-3)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 3-3”) in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 3-3 column of Table 9 below. Obtained.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(加熱前後の質量の比較)
実施例3の肉並びに比較例3−1〜3−3の肉について、加熱前の質量に対する加熱後の質量の百分率を算出した。算出された百分率を以下の表10に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after heating)
For the meat of Example 3 and the meat of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3, the percentage of the mass after heating to the mass before heating was calculated. The calculated percentages are shown in Table 10 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表10に示されるとおり、実施例3の肉の質量は、比較例3−1〜3−3の肉よりも高い。すなわち、実施例3の肉の歩留りは、比較例3−1〜3−3の肉のものよりも向上している。   As Table 10 shows, the mass of the meat of Example 3 is higher than the meat of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3. That is, the meat yield of Example 3 is improved over that of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3.

(食感の評価)
実施例3及び比較例3−1〜3−3の肉について、食感を評価した。当該評価は、実施例1と同様に行なった。評価結果を以下の表11に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for the meat of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 11 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表11に示されるとおり、実施例3の肉は、比較例3−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。実施例3の肉は、全ての評価項目において、比較例3−2及び3−3の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例3−2及び3−3の肉は、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例3−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であった。
As shown in Table 11, the meat of Example 3 was softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 3-1. The meat of Example 3 was superior to the meat of Comparative Examples 3-2 and 3-3 in all evaluation items.
The meat of Comparative Examples 3-2 and 3-3 was almost the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 3-1, in any evaluation item.

(硬さ測定)
実施例3の肉を約2cmの厚さに切って3枚の肉片を用意した。これら3枚の肉片について硬さを測定した。当該測定は、直径15mmの円柱形状のプラスチックプランジャー及び荷重検出センサーとして200Nロードセルを備えられたクリープメーター(RE2−33005S、株式会社山電)を用いて行なった。当該ロードセル上に上記の各肉を載せ、当該プランジャーを用いて各肉に荷重を与え、肉の歪率が80%となったときの荷重を硬さとした。測定された硬さの平均値を算出した。同様に、比較例3−1〜3−3の肉についても硬さの平均値を算出した。これら平均値を下記表12に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
The meat of Example 3 was cut into a thickness of about 2 cm to prepare three pieces of meat. The hardness of these three pieces of meat was measured. The measurement was performed using a 15 mm diameter cylindrical plastic plunger and a creep meter (RE2-30005S, Yamaden Co., Ltd.) equipped with a 200N load cell as a load detection sensor. Each meat described above was placed on the load cell, and a load was applied to each meat using the plunger, and the load when the distortion rate of the meat reached 80% was set as hardness. The average value of the measured hardness was calculated. Similarly, the average value of hardness was calculated for the meats of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3. These average values are shown in Table 12 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表12に示されるとおり、実施例3の肉の硬さは、比較例3−1及び3−3の肉のものと比べて、低かった。すなわち、実施例3の肉は、比較例3−1及び3−3の肉よりも軟らかかった。なお、比較例3−2の肉の測定では、歪率が80%となる前に当該肉に亀裂が生じた。そのため、比較例3−2の肉について、他の肉と比較可能な硬さは測定できなかった。   As shown in Table 12, the hardness of the meat of Example 3 was lower than those of Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-3. That is, the meat of Example 3 was softer than the meats of Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-3. In the measurement of the meat of Comparative Example 3-2, the meat cracked before the strain rate reached 80%. Therefore, about the meat of Comparative Example 3-2, the hardness comparable with other meat could not be measured.

(肉の断面の観察)
実施例3の肉及び比較例3−1〜3−3の肉の断面を肉眼で観察した。観察の結果、実施例3の肉は、肉の断面に湿り気がみられ、ジューシーな状態であった。一方、比較例3−1〜3−3はいずれも、湿り気が見られなかった。
(Observation of meat cross section)
The cross section of the meat of Example 3 and the meat of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3 were observed with the naked eye. As a result of the observation, the meat of Example 3 was in a juicy state with moisture on the meat cross section. On the other hand, all of Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-3 showed no dampness.

(実施例4:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表13の実施例4欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノースを含む水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。下記表13中の「水(合計)」欄は、水と水以外の材料との合計質量である。生の国産ブタロース薄切り肉約180gを当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該肉を冷蔵庫内で5℃で2時間置いた。2時間後、当該水溶液から当該肉を取り出し、当該肉を網に乗せて水切りして、当該肉に付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該肉を、沸騰水中で2分間ボイルして、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例4の肉」という)を得た。
(Example 4: Palatinose aqueous solution)
An aqueous solution containing palatinose was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 4 column of Table 13 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). The “water (total)” column in the following Table 13 is the total mass of water and materials other than water. About 180 g of raw domestic pork slices were immersed in the aqueous solution. While immersed in the aqueous solution, the meat was placed in a refrigerator at 5 ° C. for 2 hours. Two hours later, the meat was taken out from the aqueous solution, and the meat was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the meat was dropped. Next, the meat was boiled in boiling water for 2 minutes to obtain heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Example 4”).

(比較例4−1)
水溶液の配合を下記表13の比較例4−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例4と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例4−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 4-1)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 4-1”) in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 4-1 column of Table 13 below. Obtained.

(比較例4−2)
水溶液の配合を下記表13の比較例4−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例4と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例4−2の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 4-2)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 4-2”) in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 4-2 in Table 13 below. Obtained.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(ボイル前後の質量の比較)
実施例4の肉並びに比較例4−1及び4−2の肉について、ボイル前の質量に対するボイル後の質量の百分率を算出した。算出された百分率を以下の表14に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after boiling)
For the meat of Example 4 and the meat of Comparative Examples 4-1 and 4-2, the percentage of the mass after boiling relative to the mass before boiling was calculated. The calculated percentages are shown in Table 14 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表14に示されるとおり、実施例4の肉の質量残存率は、比較例4−1及び4−2の肉のものよりも高い。すなわち、実施例4の肉の歩留りは、比較例4−1及び4−2の肉よりも高い。   As shown in Table 14, the mass survival rate of the meat of Example 4 is higher than that of the meats of Comparative Examples 4-1 and 4-2. That is, the meat yield of Example 4 is higher than that of Comparative Examples 4-1 and 4-2.

(食感の評価)
実施例4並びに比較例4−1及び4−2の肉について、食感を評価した。当該評価は、実施例1と同様により行なった。評価結果を以下の表15に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture of the meat of Example 4 and Comparative Examples 4-1 and 4-2 was evaluated. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 15 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表15に示されるとおり、実施例4の肉は、比較例4−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。また、実施例4の肉は、全ての評価項目において、比較例4−2の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例4−2の肉の評価結果は、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例3−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であり、特に美味しさに関してはより悪かった。
As shown in Table 15, the meat of Example 4 was softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 4-1. Moreover, the meat of Example 4 was superior to the meat of Comparative Example 4-2 in all evaluation items.
The evaluation results of the meat of Comparative Example 4-2 were the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 3-1, in any of the evaluation items, and were particularly worse with respect to the deliciousness.

(実施例5−1:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表16の実施例5−1欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノースを含む水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。生の国産ブタモモ肉を約1.5cmの厚さ及び約170gの質量にカットし、当該カットした肉を当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液の質量は、当該カットした肉の質量の約50%であった。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該肉を冷蔵庫内で5℃で20時間置いた。20時間後、当該水溶液から当該肉を取り出し、当該肉を網に乗せて水切りして、当該肉に付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該肉を、ウォーターオーブン(ヘルシオ、シャープ株式会社)で180℃で15分間蒸し焼きにして、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例5−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Example 5-1: aqueous palatinose solution)
An aqueous solution containing palatinose was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 5-1 column of Table 16 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). Raw domestic pork meat was cut to a thickness of about 1.5 cm and a mass of about 170 g, and the cut meat was immersed in the aqueous solution. The mass of the aqueous solution was about 50% of the mass of the cut meat. While immersed in the aqueous solution, the meat was placed in a refrigerator at 5 ° C. for 20 hours. After 20 hours, the meat was taken out from the aqueous solution, and the meat was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the meat was dropped. Next, the meat was steamed at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes in a water oven (Helsio, Sharp Corporation) to obtain heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Example 5-1”).

(比較例5−1)
水溶液の配合を下記表16の比較例5−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例5−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例5−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 5-1)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 5-1”) in the same manner as in Example 5-1, except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 5-1 column of Table 16 below. )

(比較例5−2)
水溶液の配合を下記表16の比較例5−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例5−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例5−2の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 5-2)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 5-2”) in the same manner as in Example 5-1, except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 5-2 in Table 16 below. )

(比較例5−3)
水溶液の配合を下記表16の比較例5−3欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例5−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例5−3の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 5-3)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as "Meat of Comparative Example 5-3") in the same manner as in Example 5-1, except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 5-3 column of Table 16 below. )

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(蒸し焼き前後の質量の比較)
実施例5−1の肉について、蒸し焼き前の質量に対する蒸し焼き後の質量の百分率を算出した。比較例5−2及び5−3についても同様に百分率を算出した。算出された百分率を以下の表17に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after steaming)
For the meat of Example 5-1, the percentage of the mass after steaming to the mass before steaming was calculated. The percentages were similarly calculated for Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3. The calculated percentages are shown in Table 17 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表17に示されるとおり、実施例5−1の肉の上記百分率は、比較例5−2及び5−3の肉のものよりも高い。すなわち、実施例5−1の肉の歩留りは、比較例5−2及び5−3の肉のものよりも向上している。   As shown in Table 17, the percentage of meat of Example 5-1 is higher than that of meat of Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3. That is, the meat yield of Example 5-1 is higher than that of Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3.

(食感の評価)
実施例5−1並びに比較例5−1〜5−3の肉について、食感を評価した。当該評価は、実施例1と同様に行なった。評価結果を以下の表18に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for the meat of Example 5-1 and Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 18 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表18に示されるとおり、実施例5の肉は、比較例5−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。実施例5の肉は、全ての評価項目において、比較例5−2及び5−3の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例5−2及び5−3の肉の評価結果はいずれも、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例5−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であった。
As shown in Table 18, the meat of Example 5 was softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 5-1. The meat of Example 5 was superior to the meat of Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3 in all evaluation items.
The evaluation results of the meats of Comparative Examples 5-2 and 5-3 were both the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 5-1 in any of the evaluation items.

(硬さ測定)
実施例5−1の手順を3回行ない、加熱された肉を3枚得た。これら3枚の肉について硬さを測定した。当該測定は、直径3mmの円柱形状の金属プランジャー及び荷重検出センサーである20Nロードセルを備えられたクリープメーター(RE2−33005S、株式会社山電)を用いて行なった。当該ロードセル上に上記の各肉を載せ、当該プランジャーを用いて各肉に荷重を与え、肉の歪率が60%となったときの荷重を硬さとした。測定された硬さの平均値を算出した。同様に、比較例5−1及び5−3の肉についても硬さの平均値を算出した。これらの平均値を下記表19に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
The procedure of Example 5-1 was performed three times to obtain three pieces of heated meat. The hardness of these three pieces of meat was measured. The measurement was performed using a creep meter (RE2-30005S, Yamaden Co., Ltd.) equipped with a cylindrical metal plunger having a diameter of 3 mm and a load detection sensor 20N load cell. Each meat described above was placed on the load cell, and a load was applied to each meat using the plunger, and the load when the distortion rate of the meat reached 60% was determined to be hardness. The average value of the measured hardness was calculated. Similarly, the average value of the hardness was calculated for the meats of Comparative Examples 5-1 and 5-3. These average values are shown in Table 19 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表19に示されるとおり、実施例5−1の肉の硬さは、比較例5−1〜5−3の肉のものと比べて、低かった。すなわち、実施例5−1の肉は、比較例5−1〜5−3の肉よりも軟らかかった。   As shown in Table 19, the meat hardness of Example 5-1 was lower than that of Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3. That is, the meat of Example 5-1 was softer than the meat of Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3.

(実施例6:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表20の実施例6欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノースを含む水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。生の国産トリムネ肉1枚(約260g)を当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該肉を冷蔵庫内で1℃で20時間置いた。20時間後、当該水溶液から当該肉を取り出し、当該肉を網に乗せて水切りして、当該肉に付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該肉を、ウォーターオーブン(ヘルシオ、シャープ株式会社)で280℃で15分間蒸し焼きにして、加熱された肉(以下で「実施例6の肉」という)を得た。
(Example 6: A palatinose aqueous solution)
An aqueous solution containing palatinose was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 6 column of Table 20 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). One piece of raw domestic trime meat (about 260 g) was immersed in the aqueous solution. While immersed in the aqueous solution, the meat was placed in a refrigerator at 1 ° C. for 20 hours. After 20 hours, the meat was taken out from the aqueous solution, and the meat was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the meat was dropped. Next, the meat was steamed at 280 ° C. for 15 minutes in a water oven (Helsio, Sharp Corporation) to obtain heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Example 6”).

(比較例6−1)
水溶液の配合を下記表20の比較例6−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例6−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例6−1の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 6-1)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 6-1”) in the same manner as in Example 6-1 except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 6-1 column of Table 20 below. )

(比較例6−2)
水溶液の配合を下記表20の比較例6−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例6−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例6−2の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 6-2)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 6-2”) in the same manner as Example 6-1 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 6-2 column of Table 20 below. )

(比較例6−3)
水溶液の配合を下記表20の比較例6−3欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例6−1と同じ方法で、加熱された肉(以下で「比較例6−3の肉」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 6-3)
Heated meat (hereinafter referred to as “Meat of Comparative Example 6-3”) in the same manner as in Example 6-1 except that the composition of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 6-3 column of Table 20 below. )

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(食感の評価)
実施例6と比較例6−1〜6−3の肉夫々とについて、食感を評価した。当該評価は、実施例1と同様に行なった。評価結果を以下の表21に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for Example 6 and each of the meats of Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3. The evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 21 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表21に示されるとおり、実施例6の肉は、比較例6−1の肉よりも、軟らかく、ジューシーであり、切れ易く、且つ美味しかった。実施例6の肉は、全ての評価項目において、比較例6−2及び6−3の肉よりも優れていた。
比較例6−2及び6−3の肉の評価結果はいずれも、いずれの評価項目においても、比較例6−1の肉と同程度又はわずかに違いが感じられる程度であった。
As shown in Table 21, the meat of Example 6 was softer, juicy, easier to cut and delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 6-1. The meat of Example 6 was superior to the meat of Comparative Examples 6-2 and 6-3 in all evaluation items.
The evaluation results of the meats of Comparative Examples 6-2 and 6-3 were both the same as or slightly different from the meat of Comparative Example 6-1 in any of the evaluation items.

(硬さ測定)
実施例6の手順を3回行なって、3つの加熱された肉を得た。これらの肉について硬さを測定した。当該測定は、直径3mmの円柱形状の金属プランジャー及び荷重検出センサーである20Nロードセルクリープメーター(RE2−33005S、株式会社山電)を用いて行なった。当該ロードセル上に上記の各肉を載せ、当該プランジャーを用いて各肉に荷重を与え、肉の歪率が60%となったときの荷重を硬さとした。測定された硬さの平均値を算出した。同様に、比較例6−1〜6−3の肉についても夫々硬さの平均値を算出した。これらの平均値を下記表22に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
The procedure of Example 6 was performed three times to obtain three heated meats. The hardness of these meats was measured. The measurement was performed using a cylindrical metal plunger with a diameter of 3 mm and a 20N load cell creep meter (RE2-30005S, Yamaden Co., Ltd.) which is a load detection sensor. Each meat described above was placed on the load cell, and a load was applied to each meat using the plunger, and the load when the distortion rate of the meat reached 60% was determined to be hardness. The average value of the measured hardness was calculated. Similarly, the average value of hardness was calculated for each of the meats of Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3. These average values are shown in Table 22 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表22に示されるとおり、実施例6の肉の硬さは比較例6−1〜6−3夫々の肉のものと比べて、低かった。すなわち、実施例6−1の肉は比較例6−1〜6−3夫々の肉よりも軟らかかった。   As shown in Table 22, the hardness of the meat of Example 6 was lower than that of each of Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3. That is, the meat of Example 6-1 was softer than the meats of Comparative Examples 6-1 to 6-3.

(実施例7−1:パラチノース水溶液)
下記表23の実施例7−1欄に示すとおりの配合で、パラチノースを含む水溶液を用意した。用いたパラチノースは結晶パラチノース(商標)IC(三井製糖株式会社)であった。当該水溶液と同量の生のエビを当該水溶液に浸した。当該水溶液に浸した状態で、当該エビを冷蔵庫内に5℃で24時間置いた。24時間後、当該水溶液から当該エビを取り出し、当該エビを網に乗せて水切りして、当該エビに付着している当該水溶液を落とした。次に、当該エビを、ウォーターオーブン(ヘルシオ、シャープ株式会社)で70℃で15分間蒸し焼きにして、加熱されたエビ(以下で「実施例7−1のエビ」という)を得た。
(Example 7-1: palatinose aqueous solution)
An aqueous solution containing palatinose was prepared with the formulation as shown in Example 7-1 column of Table 23 below. The palatinose used was crystalline palatinose ™ IC (Mitsui Sugar Co., Ltd.). The same amount of raw shrimp as the aqueous solution was immersed in the aqueous solution. The shrimp was placed in a refrigerator at 5 ° C. for 24 hours while immersed in the aqueous solution. After 24 hours, the shrimp was taken out from the aqueous solution, and the shrimp was placed on a net and drained, and the aqueous solution adhering to the shrimp was dropped. Next, the shrimp was steamed at 70 ° C. for 15 minutes in a water oven (Helsio, Sharp Corporation) to obtain heated shrimp (hereinafter referred to as “shrimp of Example 7-1”).

(実施例7−2:パラチノースSD水溶液)
配合を下記表23の実施例7−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同じ方法で、加熱されたエビ(以下で「実施例7−2のエビ」という)を得た。
(Example 7-2: Palatinose SD aqueous solution)
Shrimp (hereinafter referred to as “shrimp of Example 7-2”) heated in the same manner as Example 7-1 except that the formulation was as shown in Example 7-2 column of Table 23 below. Obtained.

(比較例7−1)
水溶液の配合を下記表23の比較例7−1欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同じ方法で、加熱されたエビ(以下で「比較例7−1のエビ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 7-1)
Shrimp heated in the same manner as Example 7-1 (hereinafter referred to as “shrimp of Comparative Example 7-1”) except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 7-1 column of Table 23 below. )

(比較例7−2)
水溶液の配合を下記表23の比較例7−2欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同じ方法で、加熱されたエビ(以下で「比較例7−2のエビ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 7-2)
Shrimp heated in the same manner as in Example 7-1 (hereinafter referred to as “shrimp in Comparative Example 7-2”) except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 7-2 column of Table 23 below. )

(比較例7−3)
水溶液の配合を下記表23の比較例7−3欄に示すとおりとしたこと以外は、実施例7−1と同じ方法で、加熱されたエビ(以下で「比較例7−3のエビ」という)を得た。
(Comparative Example 7-3)
Shrimp heated in the same manner as in Example 7-1 (hereinafter referred to as “shrimp of Comparative Example 7-3”) except that the formulation of the aqueous solution was as shown in Comparative Example 7-3 column of Table 23 below. )

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

(蒸し焼き前後の質量の比較)
実施例7−1及び7−2のエビについて、蒸し焼き前の質量に対する蒸し焼き後の質量の百分率を算出した。比較例7−1〜7−3のエビについても同様に百分率を算出した。算出された百分率を以下の表24に示す。
(Comparison of mass before and after steaming)
About the shrimp of Examples 7-1 and 7-2, the percentage of the mass after steaming with respect to the mass before steaming was calculated. Percentages were similarly calculated for the shrimps of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3. The calculated percentages are shown in Table 24 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表24に示されるとおり、実施例7−1及び7−2のエビの上記百分率は、比較例7−1〜7−3のものよりも高い。すなわち、実施例7−1及び7−2のエビの歩留りは、比較例7−1〜7−3のエビよりも高い。   As shown in Table 24, the percentage of shrimp in Examples 7-1 and 7-2 is higher than that in Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3. That is, the shrimp yield of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 is higher than that of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3.

(食感の評価)
実施例7−1及び7−2のエビ並びに比較例7−1〜7−3のエビについて、食感を評価した。当該評価は、訓練されたパネラー6人により、肉の、噛んだときの切れ易さ、肉質のしまり、及び美味しさの評価項目について行なわれた。各パネラーが、各評価項目について、比較例7−1のエビについての評価結果を0点とし、比較例7−1のエビと比較した場合の評価を±2点の範囲で、以下のとおりの評価基準に従い評価した。肉の切れ易さ;比較例7−1のエビより切れ易い:2点、やや切れ易い:1点、同程度:0点、やや切れにくい:−1点、切れにくい:−2点。肉質のしまり;比較例7−1の肉より良い:2点、やや良い:1点、同程度:0点、やや悪い:−1点、悪い:−2点。美味しさ;比較例7−1の肉より美味しい:2点、やや美味しい:1点、同程度:1点、やや美味しくない:−1点、美味しくない:−2点。6人のパネラーの評価結果の平均値を以下の表25に示す。
(Evaluation of texture)
The texture was evaluated for the shrimps of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 and the shrimps of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3. The evaluation was carried out by 6 trained panelists on the evaluation items of the ease of cutting the meat, the tightness of the meat, and the deliciousness of the meat. For each evaluation item, the evaluation result for the shrimp of Comparative Example 7-1 was set to 0 for each evaluation item, and the evaluation when compared with the shrimp of Comparative Example 7-1 was within the range of ± 2 points as follows: Evaluation was performed according to the evaluation criteria. Ease of cutting meat: Easier to cut than the shrimp of Comparative Example 7-1: 2 points, somewhat easy to cut: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, slightly difficult to cut: -1 point, difficult to cut: -2 points. Meat tightness: better than the meat of Comparative Example 7-1: 2 points, slightly better: 1 point, comparable: 0 points, somewhat bad: -1 point, bad: -2 points. Delicious: Much more delicious than the meat of Comparative Example 7-1: 2 points, slightly delicious: 1 point, comparable: 1 point, not slightly delicious: -1 point, not delicious: -2 points. The average value of the evaluation results of the six panelists is shown in Table 25 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表25に示されるとおり、実施例7−1及び7−2のエビはいずれも、比較例7−1のエビより、切れ易く、肉質のしまりもよく、且つ美味しかった。実施例7−1及び7−2のエビは、比較例7−2及び7−2のエビのいずれよりも、全ての評価項目において優れていた。   As shown in Table 25, the shrimps of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 were both easier to cut than the shrimps of Comparative Example 7-1, had a good meat texture, and were delicious. The shrimps of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 were superior to all of the evaluation items than the shrimps of Comparative Examples 7-2 and 7-2.

(硬さ測定)
実施例7−1のエビのうち3つについて硬さを測定した。当該測定は、実施例5に記載のとおりに行なった。測定された硬さの平均値を算出した。同様に、実施例7−2のエビ及び比較例7−1〜7−3のエビについても硬さの平均値を算出した。これらの平均値を下記表26に示す。
(Hardness measurement)
Hardness was measured for three of the shrimps of Example 7-1. The measurement was performed as described in Example 5. The average value of the measured hardness was calculated. Similarly, the average value of hardness was also calculated for the shrimp of Example 7-2 and the shrimp of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3. These average values are shown in Table 26 below.

Figure 2015181470
Figure 2015181470

表26に示されるとおり、実施例7−1及び7−2のエビはいずれも、比較例7−1〜7−3夫々のエビよりも硬かった。すなわち、実施例7−1及び7−2のエビは比較例7−1〜7−3夫々のエビよりも肉質がしまっていた。   As shown in Table 26, the shrimps of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 were both harder than the shrimps of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3. That is, the shrimps of Examples 7-1 and 7-2 were more meaty than the shrimps of Comparative Examples 7-1 to 7-3.

Claims (15)

食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の方法であって、食肉にイソマルツロースを添加することを含む、前記方法。   A method for improving the yield when meat is heated, the method comprising adding isomaltulose to the meat. 前記添加が、食肉をイソマルツロース含有液と接触させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。   The method of claim 1, wherein the addition comprises contacting the meat with an isomaltulose-containing liquid. 前記添加が、食肉と固形のイソマルツロースとを混合することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。   The method of claim 1, wherein the addition comprises mixing meat and solid isomaltulose. 前記食肉が生肉である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the meat is raw meat. 肉質を改良された食肉の製造方法であって、食肉にイソマルツロースを添加して前記改良された食肉が得られる、前記方法。   A method for producing meat with improved meat quality, wherein the improved meat is obtained by adding isomaltulose to the meat. 前記添加が、食肉をイソマルツロース含有液と接触させることを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。   The method of claim 5, wherein the addition comprises contacting the meat with an isomaltulose-containing liquid. 前記添加が、食肉と固形のイソマルツロースとを混合することを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。   The method of claim 5, wherein the addition comprises mixing meat and solid isomaltulose. 前記食肉が生肉である、請求項5〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。   The method of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the meat is raw meat. イソマルツロースを含む、食肉を加熱したときの歩留りを向上する為の剤。   An agent containing isomaltulose for improving the yield when meat is heated. イソマルツロースを含む、食肉の肉質改良剤。   A meat quality improver containing isomaltulose. 前記食肉が生肉である、請求項9又は10に記載の剤。   The agent according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the meat is raw meat. 請求項9〜11のいずれか1項に記載の剤を含む食肉。   Meat containing the agent according to any one of claims 9 to 11. 生肉である、請求項12に記載の食肉。   The meat according to claim 12, which is raw meat. イソマルツロースを含む食肉。   Meat containing isomaltulose. 生肉である、請求項14に記載の食肉。

The meat according to claim 14, which is raw meat.

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JP2004002241A (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-08 Lotte Co Ltd Taste-modifying agent and food, drink, extract, medicine and oral cavity composition using the same
JP2010130964A (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-17 Q P Corp Food boiled with soy and sugar
JP2010528595A (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-08-26 ズートツッカー アクチェンゲゼルシャフト マンハイム/オクセンフルト Antioxidant for food
JP2012075387A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-19 Hiroe Ogawa Flavor improving and deterioration preventing agent for fresh meat for eating raw, method for improving flavor and preventing deterioration, and fresh meat containing the agent

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002281942A (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-10-02 Kibun Food Chemifa Co Ltd Texture-improving agent both for processed meat article and processed fish article
JP2004002241A (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-08 Lotte Co Ltd Taste-modifying agent and food, drink, extract, medicine and oral cavity composition using the same
JP2010528595A (en) * 2007-06-01 2010-08-26 ズートツッカー アクチェンゲゼルシャフト マンハイム/オクセンフルト Antioxidant for food
JP2010130964A (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-17 Q P Corp Food boiled with soy and sugar
JP2012075387A (en) * 2010-10-01 2012-04-19 Hiroe Ogawa Flavor improving and deterioration preventing agent for fresh meat for eating raw, method for improving flavor and preventing deterioration, and fresh meat containing the agent

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