JP2015165205A - Information processing apparatus, piping sound velocity distribution measuring device, piping abnormality detection device using the same, and piping sound velocity distribution measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in which accurate measurement of a sound velocity distribution in piping is difficult.SOLUTION: An information processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a processing unit that derives a sound velocity distribution of vibration propagating piping on the basis of a position of first vibration for applying the first vibration to the piping, first and second detection positions for detecting the first vibration propagating the piping, and a difference in time to detect the first vibration between the first and second detection positions.

Description

  The present invention relates to an information processing device, a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device, a pipe abnormality position detecting device using the same, and a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring method, and more particularly, to a non-destructive information processing device, a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device, and The present invention relates to a pipe abnormality position detecting device and a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring method.

  With the advancement of Information Technology (IT) supported by digitalization and network technology, the amount of information that is handled and stored by people and electronic devices is steadily increasing. In order for a person to recognize it as useful information, it is necessary to accurately analyze, judge, and process a large amount of information acquired from a sensor as an input device. And recognition of useful information by humans is an important position in forming a safe and secure society for the human society that is becoming distracted by a large amount of information.

  In modern life, facilities such as water and sewage networks, high-pressure chemical pipelines such as gas and oil, high-speed railways, long-span bridges, super high-rise buildings, large passenger planes, and automobiles have been built and have become the foundation of a prosperous society. If these damages occur due to natural disasters such as unexpected earthquakes or secular changes, leading to serious accidents, the impact on society will be great, and economic losses will be significant. In addition, the members used in the equipment are subject to deterioration such as corrosion, wear, rattling and the like according to the usage time, eventually leading to malfunctions such as destruction. In this way, technological development that goes beyond the boundaries of academic fields such as science, engineering, and sociology has been conducted to ensure the safety and security of equipment against deterioration and destruction of equipment that forms the foundation of society. Yes. In particular, the advancement of non-destructive inspection technology, which is an inspection technology that is low in cost and easy to operate, is becoming more and more important in preventing serious accidents due to deterioration and destruction of equipment.

  By the way, in order to detect the leakage of fluid due to deterioration or destruction of piping, an auditory sensory inspection is generally performed in which a person hears the leakage sound.

  However, since pipes are often buried in the ground or installed at high places in buildings, sufficient inspection has not been realized. In addition, the sensory sensory test depends on the skill level of the inspector, and its low detection accuracy makes it difficult to prevent leakage accidents.

  In addition, when the presence of water leakage is obvious, it is necessary to specify the position of water leakage with high accuracy because it is necessary to keep repair costs low. At present, the position is specified by an auditory sensory test of a specialized inspector.

  However, for example, when there is a disturbance such as traffic noise during inspection and the frequency component is similar to the sound caused by water leakage, it is difficult to determine the occurrence of water leakage and specify the position where the water leakage occurs. For this reason, contrivances have been made such as measurement in the midnight time zone with little disturbance, but this has been a heavy burden on the inspector.

  In order to solve this problem, a leak detection method called a correlation method is used. In the correlation method, vibration due to fluid leakage from a defect is measured at two points between the defects, and the fluid leakage position is estimated from the product of the arrival time difference of the vibration and the sound velocity. Therefore, in the correlation method, it is important to accurately know the sound speed of the piping. In general, the speed of sound used in the correlation method is assumed to depend on the pipe diameter and the pipe material, and is calculated based on a theoretical formula. However, since the actual sound speed is also affected by factors such as the pipe embedment environment and the presence or absence of flanges, an accompanying error occurs, resulting in an error in the fluid leakage position estimated by the correlation method.

  In order to solve the problem of the method based on this theoretical formula, Patent Document 1 discloses a sound speed measurement method in which sound speed is measured and used in a correlation method. The water leakage detection system using the sound speed measurement method of Patent Document 1 includes a pair of underwater microphones arranged in a water pipe for each detection section of about 1 km, and a center controller that receives a detection signal of the underwater microphone. It is possible to derive the sound velocity from the time difference of the propagation waveform in the fluid by detecting the sound propagating the fluid in each detection section in the steady flow state in the flow direction of the fluid in the distribution pipe and obtaining the correlation coefficient of the detection waveform. . By applying this sound velocity measuring method, it is possible to specify the estimated fluid leakage position.

JP 11-201812 A

  In the sound speed measurement method of Patent Document 1, an underwater microphone is attached to a T-shaped tube provided in a water pipe. Although it is possible to calculate the average sound speed between two points that are detection sections, it is difficult to measure at multiple points, and it is difficult to accurately obtain the sound speed distribution of the pipe. Further, in the correlation method, if the sound speed distribution in the detection section is not accurately obtained, an error occurs in specifying the leak position, and it is difficult to specify the correct leak position.

  As described above, the related sound velocity measurement method has a problem that it is difficult to accurately obtain the sound velocity distribution in the pipe.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problem that it is difficult to accurately measure the sound velocity distribution in the pipe, an information processing apparatus, a pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus, and a pipe abnormal position using the information processing apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide a detection device and a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring method.

  The information processing apparatus of the present invention includes a first vibration position that applies a first vibration to a pipe, first and second detection positions that detect the first vibration that propagates through the pipe, and the first and second positions. A processing unit for deriving a sound velocity distribution of the vibration propagating through the pipe based on a difference in time at which the first vibration is detected at the detection position;

  Further, the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring method of the present invention provides vibration at one position of the pipe, measures the arrival time of the vibration propagating through the pipe at two locations, and calculates the sound velocity distribution from the difference between the position and the arrival time. Is derived.

  According to the information processing apparatus, the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus, the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the information processing apparatus, and the pipe sound speed distribution measuring method according to the present invention, the sound speed distribution in the pipe can be accurately measured.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic for demonstrating the measuring method of the sound speed distribution concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the processing operation of the piping sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and a piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the processing operation | movement of the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and a piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the processing operation | movement of the sound velocity uniformity determination process of the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and a piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the detection part with which the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same are provided. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the vibration part with which the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same is provided. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the process part with which the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same is provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that measures the distribution of sound velocity that propagates through a pipe and a fluid (liquid or gas) flowing through the pipe. Since the propagating sound becomes non-uniform depending on the shape of the pipe or the combination of a plurality of pipes, the pipe sound speed distribution measuring device measures the distribution of the sound speed that varies depending on the position in the pipe. Specifically, the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus includes a processing unit, and when vibration is applied to the pipe, the processing unit receives position information of the point of the pipe that has given vibration. Further, when detecting vibration information propagating through the pipe at a plurality of points on the pipe, the processing unit inputs information on a plurality of detection times and detection positions of the vibration information, and derives the sound speed. That is, the processing unit derives a time lag (difference in detection time) between a plurality of (for example, two) input detection times, and detects the length from the point where the vibration is applied to each detected point as described above. The speed of sound is derived by dividing by the time difference. By correlating this sound speed information (sound speed information) for each point where the vibration used for deriving the difference in detection time is given, that is, by calculating the sound speed distribution corresponding to the position where the vibration is given, piping It is possible to accurately measure the distribution of sound speed in the inside. The derived sound speed is a propagation speed of vibration propagating through the pipe, and the sound speed distribution is an example of a vibration propagation speed distribution.

  Moreover, the abnormal piping position detection apparatus of this invention is an apparatus which detects the abnormal position of piping. Piping abnormalities include cracks, deformation, dents and clogging of the pipe that hinder the movement of fluid flowing through the pipe, fluid leakage from the crack, and fluid movement being blocked by clogging. The piping abnormal position detection device has a piping sound velocity distribution measuring device, and the piping abnormal position detection device derives the abnormal position of the piping based on the sound velocity distribution measured by the processing unit in the piping sound velocity distribution measuring device. . Specifically, when detecting vibration generated in a pipe at a plurality of points on the pipe, the pipe abnormality position detection device inputs a plurality of detection times of the detected vibration information, and the time difference between the detection times is detected. A difference between certain detection times is derived. Then, the piping abnormality position detection device derives the position where the vibration has occurred from the difference between the derived detection times and the sound velocity distribution, and determines the position as an abnormal position. Specific embodiments thereof will be described below.

[First Embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus 1 of the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  The pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus 1 includes a vibration unit 11, a plurality of detection units 12 and 13, and a processing unit 30. The vibration unit 11 and the processing unit 30, and the detection units 12 and 13 and the processing unit 30 can communicate with each other in a wired or wireless manner.

  The vibration unit 11 applies vibrations of a specific frequency at a plurality of predetermined points to the pipe to be measured or the fluid in the pipe. The detectors 12 and 13 detect vibration that propagates the pipe or the fluid (liquid or gas) in the pipe.

  The processing unit 30 receives signals output from the detection units 12 and 13. Specifically, when the vibration unit 11 vibrates at the vibration point, a signal including vibration information from each of the detection unit 12 and the detection unit 13 is received. Each vibration information detected by the detection units 12 and 13 includes a similar waveform, and the processing unit 30 can specify that the vibration is similar to the vibration from the excitation unit, and is included in each of the two detection signals. The difference in arrival time of the characteristic part, that is, the difference in detection time (phase difference) is derived. Further, the processing unit 30 receives a signal including position information of the excitation point output from the excitation unit 11. Thereby, the processing unit 30 acquires excitation vibration information including the position of the excitation point and vibration information corresponding to the position. The speed of sound up to the detection units 12 and 13 is derived from the acquired vibration vibration information and the derived time difference. By associating the sound speed information (sound speed information) with the vibration vibration information, a sound speed distribution A corresponding to the vibration vibration information can be obtained.

  The operation of the abnormal piping position detection device using the above-described piping sound velocity distribution measuring device 1 will be described. The processing unit 30 receives a signal including vibration information from each of the detection units 12 and 13 when the vibration unit 11 is not vibrating (in the case of non-vibration). Similarly to the case where the vibration unit 11 is vibrating, a difference in detection time is derived from the detected signal. Then, the processing unit 30 integrates the derived detection time difference and the sound speed (sound speed information) included in the sound speed distribution A to derive a position where vibration during non-vibration has occurred, and determines this position as an abnormal position. judge. In the above description of the operation, the pipe abnormal position detection device is provided with the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device 1 and the case where the processing unit 30 included in the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device 1 detects an abnormal position is described. However, it is not limited to this. The piping abnormality position detection device may include a processing unit different from the processing unit 30 and perform the above-described operation.

  Then, the measuring method of the sound velocity distribution of piping of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a method for deriving the sound speed distribution. In FIG. 2, a pipe through which a fluid flows is a measurement target.

  The method of measuring the sound velocity distribution will be described using the measurement object as a pipe, but is not limited thereto. In addition to piping, a liquid or gas storage tank or the like may be measured. Moreover, although the piping 5 is made into the shape of a straight line for easy description, it is not restricted to this. It may be curved or bent, or may have other shapes. Further, the pipes may be physically connected, and the pipe network may be configured in a regular mesh pattern, or may be configured in an irregular mesh pattern. Further, in the following description, the distance from the point (excitation point) where the excitation unit 11 is excited to each of the detection units 12 and 13 and the time when the excitation unit 11 is excited (excitation) are measured in the sound velocity distribution measurement. The difference from the vibration time) to the time (detection time) at which the detection units 12 and 13 detect vibrations is used. However, it is not limited to this. Instead of the above-mentioned distance, the distance between the detection unit 12 and the detection unit 13 may be used. Instead of the above-described difference between the detection times, the detection time of the detection unit 12 and the detection time of the detection unit 13 Differences may be used. Further, the processing unit 30 may associate the derived sound speed (sound speed information) with the point where the derived sound speed (sound speed information) is excited or the difference between the detection times described above, or the derived sound speed is detected by the detection unit 12 or the detection unit 13. You may make it respond | correspond to the amplitude etc. of each vibration information detected.

  In addition, the vibration method may be performed by bringing the vibration unit 11 into contact with the pipe 5 and vibrating the predetermined part of the pipe 5 from a position where the vibration unit 11 is arranged away from the pipe 5 and separated. (For example, a predetermined point of the pipe 5 buried in the ground may be vibrated by the vibration unit 11 installed on the ground surface). Such vibration of the pipe 5 by the vibration unit 11 is performed at a plurality of points on the pipe 5.

Further, in order to measure the sound velocity distribution of the pipe 5, the excitation unit 11 may be arranged at various positions of the pipe 5. For example, the vibration unit 11 may be disposed between the detection units 12 and 13, or the vibration unit 11 may be disposed in an area excluding the space between the detection units 12 and 13. As described above, the measurement of the sound speed can be derived using various parameters and conditions.
In the following example, a method for measuring the sound velocity distribution when the excitation unit 11 is arranged between the detection units 12 and 13 as shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

First, the point A is vibrated by the vibration unit 11. In this case, the vibration propagates through the pipe itself and the medium in the pipe using the wall surface of the pipe and the fluid in the pipe as a medium in response to the vibration. This vibration is detected by the detection units 12 and 13. Depending on the distance from the point A to the detection units 12 and 13, the time for the vibration to reach the detection units 12 and 13 is different, so the sound speed is derived based on this difference. That is, the vibration information detected by the detection units 12 and 13 is a signal that changes with time. The time difference between the excitation time and the detection time of the two detection signals and the point A to the detection units 12 and 13 are detected. The speed of sound is derived from the distance. If the distance from the excitation point to the detection unit is L and the time from the excitation time to detection is T, the sound speed C is C = L / T. For example, when the point A is vibrated, the sound speed C1 in the detection unit 12 is C1 = L1 / T1, and the sound speed C2 in the detection unit 13 is C2 = L2 / T2. Similarly, when the point B separated by ΔL from the point A is vibrated, the sound speed C3 in the detection unit 12 is C3 = L3 / T3, and the sound speed C4 in the detection unit 1 is C4 = L4 / T4. In this way, the speed of sound for each moved excitation point is derived. Note that T1 is an excitation time, T4 indicates a time when the detection unit detects vibration, and an arrival time based on the time when the excitation unit 11 vibrates. The sound speed distribution in the pipe is measured by deriving the sound speed at a plurality of points on the wall surface of the pipe and associating it with the position where the sound speed is excited. It should be noted that the points to be vibrated may be set at regular intervals on the wall surface of the pipe or at irregular intervals. The sound speed C ′ between the excitation points A and B is complemented by the sound speed C1 and the sound speed C3. Specifically, it is derived as Equation 1.
(Formula 1)

  Although Formula 1 is a calculation formula based on C1 and C3, a calculation formula based on C2 and C4 may be used. Further, the function of the excitation position and the sound speed may be calculated from the correspondence relationship between the excitation point and the sound speed. In addition, when there is a sudden change in the sound speed distribution of the pipe, a dense sound speed distribution may be measured in a section of the pipe where the sound speed changes rapidly. For example, when there is a sudden change in the sound speed between points D and E in FIG. 2, in order to measure the detailed sound speed distribution in that section, the distance ΔM is shorter than the distance ΔL between the points A and B. The sound speed is derived by vibration and a dense sound speed distribution is measured. Further, a rough sound speed distribution may be measured in a pipe section where there is almost no change in the sound speed distribution of the pipe. That is, the sound speed may be derived by exciting at an interval longer than the interval ΔL, and the sound speed distribution may be measured based on the result. Also, if there are parts where the material or shape of the pipe changes, parts where the pipe branches in a pipe such as a mesh, or parts where separate pipes come into contact with each other, a dense sound velocity distribution is measured at those parts. May be. For example, in a part where the material or shape of the pipe is changed, a part where the pipe branches in a pipe such as a mesh, a part where separate pipes are in contact and the vicinity of those parts, vibration is applied at an interval of ΔM. The sound speed distribution may be measured based on the result of deriving the sound speed.

  Moreover, in the above-described sound speed distribution, the vibration position and the sound speed are associated with each other, but the present invention is not limited to this. The difference from the average value of the derived sound speed may be associated with the excited position.

  Next, the processing operation of the piping sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the piping abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the case where there exists the leak hole 6 which is the defect of the piping 5 is demonstrated.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the processing operation of the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same according to the first embodiment includes a sound speed distribution measuring process and an abnormal position specifying process. The sound velocity distribution measuring step is a processing operation performed by the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device, and the abnormal position specifying step is a processing operation performed by the pipe abnormal position detecting device.

  First, the sound velocity distribution measuring process will be described. In order to obtain the sound velocity distribution of the piping, it is necessary to measure the sound velocity at a plurality of predetermined points. Therefore, the processing unit 30 determines a predetermined point to be excited in advance, and derives the sound speed at each predetermined point. That is, the vibration unit 11 applies vibration to a predetermined point on the pipe (step S1). Specifically, the vibration unit 11 may directly vibrate the pipe, or may vibrate the pipe via a material surrounding the pipe. Subsequently, the detection unit 12 detects a first signal including vibration information, and the detection unit 13 detects a second signal including vibration information (step S2). The detected first signal and second signal are output to the processing unit 30. The processing unit 30 inputs the first signal and the second signal, and includes the time lag of the detection times of these signals (difference in detection time or difference in arrival time), that is, included in the first signal and the second signal. The difference in time until the vibration information to be reached is obtained. Then, the speed of sound is derived by dividing the distance from the excitation point to each detection unit by the difference in detection time. In addition, the processing unit 30 obtains a sound speed distribution in which the point where the vibration unit 11 vibrates (the position to which vibration is applied) and the derived sound speed information are associated with each other (step S3). Subsequently, the processing unit 30 determines whether vibration is applied at all predetermined points (step S4). When vibration is not applied at all predetermined points (step S4: No), the process returns to step S1, and from step S1 to a point different from the predetermined point to which vibration was applied before. The process of step S3 is performed. When vibration is applied at all predetermined points (step S4: Yes), the process proceeds to the abnormal position specifying step. Note that the points to which vibration is applied may be sequentially set at specific intervals in a specific direction with reference to a specific position on the pipe, but are not limited thereto. The direction and interval may be set randomly. Further, the above two position settings may be combined. Further, when there is past information related to a point to which vibration is applied, a point where vibration is applied (vibration), an order of applying vibration (vibration), and the like may be set based on the position information. Thus, it is possible to create a detailed sound speed distribution while reducing the number of processing steps for the sound speed distribution measurement.

  Subsequently, the abnormal position specifying step will be described. In a state where the vibration unit 11 does not perform vibration, the detection unit 12 outputs the vibration detected from the pipe 5 as a third signal, and the detection unit 13 outputs the vibration detected from the pipe as a fourth signal (step S5). ). Next, the processing unit 30 derives a difference in arrival time, which is a difference in detection time of vibration information included in the third signal and the fourth signal (step S6). Next, the processing unit 30 determines the distance from the detection unit to the vibration source based on the difference between the detection time of the vibration information included in the third signal and the fourth signal described above, that is, the sound speed obtained in the sound speed distribution measurement process. The position of the vibration source is derived. This position is determined as an abnormal position, for example, the position of a defect that is the leakage hole 6 (step S7). In addition, the derivation | leading-out of the position of the vibration source in step S7 is performed by the following methods, for example. First, the processing unit 30 derives an average value of sound speeds measured in the sound speed distribution measuring process. Subsequently, the processing unit 30 derives a temporary position of the vibration source based on the average value and the difference between the detection times of the vibration information of the third signal and the fourth signal. Since the temporary position of the vibration source is derived using the average value of the sound speed, it may be different from the actual position of the vibration source. Therefore, the processing unit 30 acquires the sound speed at the temporary position of the vibration source from the sound speed distribution measured in the sound speed distribution measuring step, and detects vibration information of the sound speed and the third signal and the fourth signal described above. Based on the time difference, the position of the vibration source is specified.

  By doing so, the processing unit 30 can use the sound speed closer to the actual sound speed when specifying the position of the vibration source, and therefore can specify the position of the vibration source more accurately. Therefore, it is possible to increase the accuracy of specifying the abnormal position. In the above-described example, the processing unit 30 uses the average value of the sound speed measured in the sound speed distribution measurement process when obtaining the temporary position of the vibration source, but other values can also be used. For example, the processing unit 30 can use the earliest or latest value of the sound velocity measured in the sound velocity distribution measuring step. The processing unit 30 can also use the sound speed at the detection position of the third signal and the fourth signal. In the above description, the main part of the abnormal position specifying process is the main part of the sound speed distribution measuring process and the processing unit 30 provided in the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus, but is not limited thereto. The piping abnormal position detection device may include a processing unit different from the processing unit 30, and the processing unit may perform the abnormal position specifying process. In the above-described abnormal position specifying step, the distance from the position of the detection unit to the vibration source may be derived by multiplying the sound speed by the difference between the detection times of the vibration information included in the third signal and the fourth signal. Good. Moreover, although the position of the detection parts 12 and 13 is known and it has demonstrated by the case where there exists a vibration source (abnormal position) between the detection parts 12 and 13, it does not restrict to this. Even when the vibration source is not located between the detection units 12 and 13, the position of the vibration source is derived based on the difference between the detection speed of the vibration information included in the sound speed and the third signal and the fourth signal. Can do.

  As described above, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the position of the vibration source, for example, from the difference between the detection time difference (temporal deviation) of the vibration information detected when the pipe is vibrated and the sound velocity distribution, for example, The defect position can be accurately determined.

  In the above-described embodiment, the waveform shape is used as the characteristic component of the two pieces of vibration information for deriving the speed of sound at the time of non-excitation and at the time of excitation. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, frequency characteristics may be used as the characteristic component.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, although the detection parts 12 and 13 may be installed in the wall surface of the piping 5, it is not restricted to this, You may install in an inner wall surface. Moreover, you may install in the inside of accessories, such as a flange and a valve stopper, installed in the piping 5 which is not shown by FIG. Moreover, the method of installing the detection parts 12 and 13 in the piping 5 or the attachment of a piping utilizes a magnet, an adhesive agent, and an exclusive jig. Specifically, a magnet is attached to a housing that houses the detection units 12 and 13 and is installed in a pipe containing a magnetic material. Moreover, the adhesion surface provided in the housing | casing which accommodates the detection parts 12 and 13 and the adhesion surface provided in piping are adhere | attached with an adhesive agent. Further, as a dedicated jig, a housing that houses the detection units 12 and 13 is provided with a through hole in the housing that houses the detection units 12 and 13 so that the screw holes can be screwed in the pipe. There are various forms such as a band that binds the pipes together.

  Further, the pipe 5 may be embedded in the ground, or may be installed in the attic or underground of the building, or may be embedded in the wall or pillar of the building. When the pipe 5 is buried in the ground, the vibration unit 11 is located above the pipe 5 and is installed on the ground surface on a line substantially parallel to the pipe 5. In this case, a substance containing soil, sand, stone, asphalt, grass, wood or the like is interposed between the vibration unit 11 and the pipe 5, but the sound speed of the intervening substance is measured in advance to detect leakage. It is corrected when deriving the speed of sound. Further, an object such as a pile may be driven from the ground surface so as to come into contact with the pipe 5, and the excitation unit 11 may be installed on the pile on the ground surface. However, the pile to be used is one whose sound speed is known in advance. As described above, the vibration unit 11 may be in contact with the pipe 5 or may be separated as long as vibration from the vibration unit 11 can be transmitted to the pipe 5.

  Further, there may be one vibration unit 11 or a plurality of vibration units 11. When there are a plurality of vibration units 11, the vibration units 11 may be selected one by one and sequentially vibrated, or all may be vibrated simultaneously under different vibration conditions (for example, frequencies).

  The processing unit 30 may have a filter processing function. By this filter processing function, the third and fourth signals output from the non-excitation detection units 12 and 13 are filtered in a predetermined frequency band, and vibration information caused by a defect on the piping is first stored. 3. Extract from the fourth signal. Note that only a predetermined band is extracted from the frequency band by adjusting the filter coefficient. The filter coefficient is the pipe material and shape, the fluid in the pipe, the material covering the pipe (for example, cement, soil, stone, clay, etc.), the conditions related to the pipe, and the size and shape of the defect in the pipe. Set according to the defect-related conditions.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the operation is different from that according to the first embodiment.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIG. 4, the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same will be described.

  In the second embodiment, an abnormality presence / absence determining step is added between the sound velocity distribution measuring step and the abnormal position specifying step of the first embodiment. Other processing operations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment.

  With reference to FIG. 4, the sound speed distribution measurement process which is a processing operation of the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described.

  Next, the abnormality presence / absence determination step will be described. The detectors 12 and 13 execute step S5 as in the first embodiment. Subsequent to step S <b> 5, the processing unit 30 performs a filtering process that transmits the third signal output from the detection unit 12 and the fourth signal output from the detection unit 13 through a band of a specific frequency. Then, the third vibration information included in the third signal and the fourth vibration information included in the fourth signal are extracted (step S8). The presence / absence of abnormality of the pipe 5 is determined using at least one of the extracted third vibration information and fourth vibration information. Specifically, the amplitude of at least one of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information is derived, and it is determined whether or not it exceeds the normal amplitude (when there is no leakage hole (defect)) set as a threshold value. (Step S9).

  When the amplitude of at least one of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information does not exceed the threshold value, it is determined that there is no abnormality, that is, there is no defective leak hole 6 (step S9: No), and the process returns to step S5. The monitoring of the presence or absence of the formation of the leakage hole 6 is continued. On the other hand, when the amplitude of at least one of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that there is an abnormality, that is, there is a defective leak hole 6 (step S9: Yes), and the abnormal position Proceed to specific process.

  Since the next abnormal position specifying step is the same as steps S6 and S7 in the abnormal position specifying step of the first embodiment, description of this step is omitted.

  In the second embodiment, the processing unit 30 may have a filter processing function. Therefore, in the sound velocity distribution measuring step in FIG. 4, a case where a step of extracting vibration information is added to the sound velocity distribution measuring step is shown. Specifically, following step S <b> 2, the processing unit 30 performs a filter process that transmits a specific frequency band from the first signal detected by the detection unit 12 and the second signal detected by the detection unit 13. Then, the first vibration information included in the first signal and the second vibration information included in the second signal are extracted (step S21). Subsequent to step S21, steps S3 and S4 are executed.

  As described above, in the second embodiment of the present invention, by adding the abnormality presence / absence determination step, the abnormality position specifying step is performed only when it is determined that there is a leak hole 6 that is a defect in the pipe 5. The processing man-hours of the processing unit 30 can be reduced. Further, since information (noise component) other than the vibration information included in the fourth signal is removed from the first signal to be detected, the sound velocity distribution and the position of the leak hole that is a defect (abnormality) than in the first embodiment. Position) can be derived with high accuracy.

  Moreover, in the processing operation of the abnormal piping position detection apparatus according to the second embodiment, the abnormality presence / absence determination step and the sound velocity distribution measurement step may be interchanged. By exchanging, since the sound velocity distribution measurement is performed when an abnormality is detected, it is possible to reduce the processing man-hours of the pipe abnormality position detecting device when no abnormality is detected. Moreover, even when the sound velocity distribution changes with the aging of piping and installation conditions, the leak position by the sound velocity distribution at the time of leak detection can be specified. In the processing operation of the abnormal piping position detection apparatus according to the second embodiment, the processing unit 30 has a filter processing function. However, the processing operation is not limited thereto. The filtering function may be omitted. In this case, step 21 of the sound velocity distribution measurement process and step 8 of the abnormality presence / absence determination process can be omitted.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device according to the third embodiment and the pipe abnormal position detecting device using the same are the same as those in the first embodiment. Also, the processing operation of the piping abnormal position detection device according to the third embodiment is performed before the sound velocity distribution measuring step of the processing operation of the pipe sound speed distribution measuring device according to the first embodiment and the piping abnormal position detection device using the piping sound speed distribution measuring device. The difference is that a sound speed uniformity determination step is added. Other than that, it is the same as the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using it. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the uniform sound speed determination step in the processing operation of the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  A processing operation of the abnormal piping position detection apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The vibration unit 11 applies vibration to a specific point on the pipe (step S12). Specifically, the vibration unit 11 may directly vibrate the pipe, or may vibrate the pipe via a material surrounding the pipe. The number of specific points is smaller than the number of points to which vibration is applied in the sound velocity distribution measurement process. The detection unit 12 detects a first signal including vibration information, and the detection unit 13 detects a second signal including vibration information (step S13). Subsequently, the processing unit 30 performs a filter process that transmits the first signal detected by the detection unit 12 and the second signal detected by the detection unit 13 through a band of a specific frequency, and the first vibration included in the first signal. The information and the second vibration information included in the second signal are extracted (step S14). The first vibration information and the second vibration information are transmitted to the processing unit 30. The processing unit 30 inputs the first vibration information and the second vibration information, and the arrival time of the vibration information from the specific point where the vibration is given from those signals and the distance from the specific point where the vibration is given to the detection unit The speed of sound is derived based on Further, the processing unit 30 creates a sound speed distribution based on the position information of the specific point to which the vibration is applied and the derived sound speed information (step S15). Subsequently, the processing unit 30 determines whether vibration is applied at all specific points (step S16). When vibration is not applied to all the specific points (step S16: No), the process returns to step S12, and the process from step S12 to step S15 is performed for a point different from the specific point to which vibration was applied before. I do. When vibration is applied at all specific points (step S16: Yes), the processing unit 30 compares the sound speeds derived at different points and determines whether the sound speed is uniform (step S17). When the sound speed is uniform (step S17: No), it is not necessary to perform the sound speed distribution measurement process, and the process proceeds to the abnormality presence / absence determination process (B in the figure). If the sound speed is not uniform (step S17: Yes), it is necessary to create a sound speed distribution, and the process proceeds to the sound speed distribution measuring step (A in the figure).

  Note that the determination of the uniformity of the sound speed is preferably the same as the sound speed derived at different points, but is not limited to this. The sound speed derived at different points may be within a predetermined range, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the derived sound speed is less than a predetermined ratio with respect to the average value (or maximum value, minimum value, etc.) of sound speed It may be. Moreover, you may change the conditions determined as the above-mentioned uniform according to the shape and arrangement | positioning of piping. Specifically, since the shape is complicated in the area where the pipe has branches, flanges, and other protrusions, the condition for judging it to be uniform is tightened. In other areas, the condition for judging it to be uniform can be relaxed. Good.

  As described above, in the third embodiment of the present invention, by adding the sound speed uniformity determination process, when the sound speed is uniform, the sound speed distribution measurement process can be omitted, and the processing of the piping abnormal position detection device is performed. Man-hours can be reduced.

  In addition, although the excitation point for determining sound speed uniformity may be set at random, it is not restricted to this. An excitation point that can statistically determine uniformity may be set. In addition, the excitation point that is a point to which vibration for determining sound speed uniformity is applied to the excitation point for obtaining the sound velocity distribution may be the same point (position) or different points ( Position). If the sound speed is not uniform in the same point, the information acquired by the sound speed uniformity determination process can be used as the position information and sound speed information of the excitation point in the sound speed distribution measurement process. Thereby, the processing man-hour of a sound velocity distribution measurement process can be reduced. If the sound speed is not uniform when the points are different, the information acquired by the sound speed uniformity determination process becomes the position information and sound speed information of the additional excitation point in the sound speed distribution measurement process. Thereby, the position (abnormal position) of the leak hole which is a defect in the abnormal position specifying step can be specified with higher accuracy. In addition, when the number of sound velocity distribution data (number of excitation points) necessary for obtaining the sound velocity distribution is determined, the number of sound velocity distribution data in the sound velocity distribution measuring step is equal to the number of sound velocity distribution data in the sound velocity uniformity determining step. Can be reduced. Thereby, the processing man-hour of a sound velocity distribution measurement process can be reduced. Also, when piping design specifications (for example, design drawings) can be used, the sound velocity uniformity can be efficiently improved by determining the sound velocity measurement point in consideration of the piping shape and pipe type on the design specifications. Can be determined.

  Moreover, although the case where the number of the excitation points for determining the sound speed uniformity is smaller than the number of the excitation points for creating the sound speed distribution has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. The number of excitation points for determining sound speed uniformity may be large. When the number is small, the uniformity of sound speed can be determined with a small number of processing steps. In many cases, if the sound speed is not uniform, the information acquired by the sound speed uniformity determination process can be used as the position information and sound speed information of the excitation point in the sound speed distribution measuring step. Thereby, the processing man-hour of a sound velocity distribution measurement process can be reduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the sound velocity uniformity measurement process has been described as being added to the processing operation of the second embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to this. You may add to the processing operation of 1st Embodiment. Furthermore, although the case where the processing unit 30 has a filter processing function has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. The filtering function may be omitted. In this case, step 14 of the sound speed uniformity determination process can be omitted.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The fourth embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the first embodiment, and specifically shows the components. 6 to 8 are block diagrams showing configurations of a detection unit, a vibration unit, and a processing unit of a pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention and a pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus. With reference to FIGS. 6-8, the structure of the piping sound speed distribution measuring apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention and a piping abnormal position detection apparatus using the same is demonstrated.

  With reference to FIG. 6, the detection units 12 and 13 are the same components as those in the first embodiment, and include a sensor 14 and a transmission unit 12. The sensor 14 detects vibration. Specifically, the sensor 14 detects vibration that propagates the pipe 5 or a fluid (liquid or gas) flowing through the pipe 5. This vibration is detected by the sensor 14 via the pipe 5 or an accessory installed in the pipe 5. The sensor 14 may be permanently installed at the installation location of the pipe 5 and may detect vibrations intermittently, or may be installed permanently at the installation location of the piping 5 and constantly detect vibrations. The sensor 14 may be installed at a place where the pipe 5 is installed for a predetermined period, and may detect vibration intermittently during the installation period, or may be installed at a place where the pipe 5 is installed for a predetermined period. It may be detected at all times. In addition, the sensor 14 may be a sensor that detects vibration propagating in a solid as well as a fluid. For example, a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, an electrodynamic acceleration sensor, a capacitive acceleration sensor, an optical speed sensor, a dynamic strain sensor, or the like can be used. In addition, the transmission unit 15 transmits a signal including vibration information detected by the sensor 14 to the processing unit 30. In the above description, the number of detection units is two. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Two or more detection units may be arranged in the pipe 5, and two of the plurality of detection units may be selected.

  With reference to FIG. 7, the vibration unit 11 is the same component as the first embodiment, and includes a vibration element 16, a sensor 17, and a transmission unit 23. The vibration element 16 outputs vibration. Specifically, the vibration element 16 may vibrate the pipe 5 or a substance (for example, a pile) in contact with the pipe 5. As a result, vibration is applied to the pipe 5 or the fluid or gas flowing in the pipe 5. Examples of the vibration element 16 include a hammer, a piezoelectric actuator, and an electromagnetic actuator. As long as vibration from the vibration element 16 can be transmitted to the pipe 5, the vibration element 11 may be in contact with the pipe 5 or may be separated. The sensor 17 detects the vibration output from the vibration element 16. A sensor that measures solid vibration may be applied as the sensor 17. For example, a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, an electrodynamic acceleration sensor, a capacitance acceleration sensor, an optical speed sensor, a dynamic strain sensor, and the like. The vibration element 16 may be disposed so as to be in contact with the pipe 5 or a substance that is in contact with the pipe 5, or may be disposed apart (for example, disposed on the ground surface above the pipe 5 buried in the ground). May be. Further, the transmission unit 18 transmits the vibration information detected by the sensor 17 to the processing unit 30. In order to excite a plurality of excitation points, a moving mechanism that moves the excitation element 16 (not shown) is used. A receiving unit (not shown) included in the vibration unit 11 inputs position information of the vibration point from the processing unit 30, and based on the information, the moving mechanism moves the vibration element 16 and performs vibration at a predetermined vibration point. The element 16 vibrates. Moreover, you may use the vibration part provided with the several vibration element instead of the moving mechanism of a vibration element. In this case, the vibration element corresponding to the position information of the vibration point input from the processing unit 30 vibrates.

  The configuration of the process 30 will be described with reference to FIG. The processing unit 30 is the same component as that of the first embodiment, and includes a receiving unit 31, a storage unit 33, a sound speed calculation unit 34, an abnormality determination unit 35, and an abnormal position calculation unit 36. Further, the processing unit 30 may or may not include the filter unit 32. In the fourth embodiment, a description will be given assuming that the filter unit 32 is provided. The receiving unit 31 inputs the first signal including the vibration information transmitted from the transmission unit 15 of the detection units 12 and 13 to the fourth signal and the signal including the vibration information transmitted from the transmission unit 18 of the excitation unit 11. , Output to the filter unit 32 and the storage unit 33.

  The filter unit 32 is the same as the filter processing function of the first embodiment, and the frequency band resulting from the excitation at the excitation point from the first signal and the second signal at the time of excitation detected by the detection units 12 and 13. Extract vibration information. In addition, vibration information in a frequency band caused by a leak hole that is a defect is extracted from the third signal and the fourth signal during non-excitation. That is, the fourth vibration information (when the vibration is applied: the first vibration information and the second vibration information, when the vibration is not applied: the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information) is extracted from the first vibration information in which the disturbance component is reduced. Similarly, vibration information of the vibration unit is extracted from a signal including vibration information transmitted from the vibration unit 11. As a filter used for the filter unit 32, an analog filter may be used, but a digital filter may be used. Further, the filter unit 32 outputs the first to fourth vibration information to the sound speed calculation unit 34 or the abnormality determination unit 35 and outputs the vibration information of the vibration unit to the sound speed calculation unit 34. In addition, the filter part 32 does not need to be provided similarly to 1st Embodiment. In this case, the first and second signals at the time of excitation detected by the detection units 12 and 13, and the third signal and the fourth signal at the time of non-vibration are not transmitted through the filter unit 32, and the sound speed calculation unit 34. Or it inputs into the abnormality determination part 35. FIG.

  The storage unit 33 includes position information of the sensors 14 of the detection units 12 and 13, position information of a plurality of excitation points of the excitation element 16 included in the excitation unit 11, and each of the excitation points. The distance information to the sensor 14 is stored in advance. Further, these pieces of information and sound speed information output from a sound speed calculation unit 34 described later are combined and stored as sound speed distribution information.

  The sound speed calculation unit 34 includes the vibration information of the vibration unit output from the filter unit 32, the first vibration information and the second vibration information, the vibration point acquired from the storage unit 33, and the sensor 14 of the detection unit 12 or 13. The speed of sound between the excitation unit 11 and the detection unit 12 or 13 is derived based on the distance information between the excitation unit 11 and the detection unit 12 or 13. That is, the time lag (difference in detection time or difference in arrival time) between the characteristic portions of the waveforms of the first vibration information and the second vibration information that can be identified as similar to the vibration of the vibration information from the excitation unit 11. To derive. And the speed of sound at the time of excitation is derived | led-out by dividing the distance information between the excitation point and the sensor 14 of the detection part 12 (or sensor 14 of the detection part 13) by the difference of the detection time. Further, a temporal difference between similar waveforms included in the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information output from the filter unit 32 is derived. As a method for deriving the difference between the detection times described above, there is a method for deriving a phase difference from a cross-correlation function. In addition, there is a method of detecting and deriving the rise of each waveform of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information using a predetermined threshold. The sound speed information at the time of vibration is output to the storage unit 33 together with the difference information of the detection time between the vibration information of the vibration unit and the first vibration information (or second vibration information).

  Whether the abnormality determination unit 35 has the leakage hole 6 that is a defect of the pipe 5 based on the filtered vibration information (third vibration information and fourth vibration information) in a state where the vibration unit 11 is not performing vibration. Determine whether or not. In general, when a leak hole that is a defect is formed in a pipe, it is known that a specific frequency component of vibration information exhibits a larger amplitude than normal. That is, when the leak hole 6 is formed in the pipe 5, the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information have a large amplitude. The abnormality determination unit 35 derives the amplitude of at least one of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information, and determines whether or not it exceeds the normal amplitude (when there is no leakage hole (defect)) set as a threshold value. By doing so, it is determined whether or not there is an abnormality in the pipe 5. Further, the determination result is output to the abnormal position calculation unit 36.

  The abnormal position calculation unit 36 inputs information on the difference in detection time between the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information during non-excitation from the sound speed calculation unit 34, and extracts the sound speed information of the sound speed distribution from the storage unit 33. The sound speed information and the difference between the detection times are integrated. From this integrated value, the position of the leak hole 6 which is a defect formed in the pipe 5 is specified as an abnormal position. Then, the calculation result is output together with the determination result input from the abnormality determination unit 35.

  Next, the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The processing flow of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same is the same as the processing flow of the first embodiment, but the subject of each step is different. Therefore, the processing operation of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4 showing a flowchart of the processing operation of the pipe sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus of the first embodiment and the pipe abnormal position detecting apparatus using the same. In the following processing operations, the sound velocity distribution measurement using vibration information acquired from the sensors 14 of the detection units 12 and 13, the presence / absence of abnormality, and the specific process of the abnormal position will be described.

  In the sound velocity distribution measuring step, first, the vibration element 16 of the vibration unit 11 applies vibration to a predetermined point of the pipe 5 (step S1). Specifically, the vibration unit 11 may directly vibrate the pipe, or may vibrate the pipe via a material surrounding the pipe. Subsequently, the sensor 14 of the detection unit 12 detects a first signal including vibration information, and the sensor 14 of the detection unit 13 detects a second signal including vibration information (step S2). The transmission unit 15 of the detection units 12 and 13 transmits the detected first signal and second signal to the processing unit 30.

  The reception unit 31 of the processing unit 30 receives the transmitted first signal and second signal, and outputs them to the filter unit 32. The filter unit 32 performs a filtering process for transmitting a frequency in a specific band with respect to the input first signal and second signal. Specifically, the first vibration information included in the first signal and the second vibration information included in the second signal are extracted (step S21). The extracted first vibration information and second vibration information are output to the sound speed calculation unit 34. The sound speed calculation unit 34 derives a difference in detection time (difference in arrival time) from the input first vibration information and second vibration information. The speed of sound is derived using the difference information of the detection times and the distance information of the vibration element 16 of the vibration unit 11 and the sensors 14 of the detection units 12 and 13 stored in the storage unit 33. The derived detection time difference information and sound speed information are output to the storage unit 33. The storage unit 33 stores the input sound speed information as information of the sound speed distribution in association with the difference information and the distance information of the detection time (step S3). Subsequently, the processing unit 30 determines whether vibration is applied at all predetermined points (step S4). When vibration is not applied at all predetermined points (step S4: No), the process returns to step S1, and step S21 is performed for points different from the predetermined point to which vibration was applied before. Including steps S1 to S3. When vibration is applied at all predetermined points (step S4: Yes), the process proceeds to the abnormality presence / absence determination step.

  Subsequently, in the abnormality presence / absence determination step, the sensor 14 of the detection unit 12 detects the third signal from the pipe 5 and the sensor 14 of the detection unit 13 detects the third signal from the pipe 5 while the vibration unit 11 does not perform vibration. Four signals are detected (step S5). The transmission unit 15 of the detection units 12 and 13 transmits the detected third signal and fourth signal to the processing unit 30. The receiving unit 31 of the processing unit 30 receives the transmitted third signal and fourth signal, and outputs them to the filter unit 32. The filter unit 32 performs a filtering process for transmitting a frequency in a specific band with respect to the input third signal and fourth signal. Specifically, the third vibration information included in the third signal and the fourth vibration information included in the fourth signal are extracted (step S8). The extracted third vibration information and fourth vibration information are output to the abnormality determination unit 35. The abnormality determination unit 35 determines the presence or absence of abnormality using at least one of the input third vibration information and fourth vibration information (step S9). Specifically, whether or not the leak hole 6 that is a defect is formed in the pipe 5 by determining whether or not the predetermined amplitude of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information exceeds the normal amplitude. Determine whether or not. If the amplitude does not exceed the normal amplitude, it is determined that there is no defective leak hole 6 (step S9: No), and the process returns to step S5 to continue monitoring whether there is an abnormality. On the other hand, when it exceeds the normal amplitude, it is determined that there is a leak hole 6 that is a defect (step S9: Yes), and the process proceeds to the abnormal position specifying step.

  Subsequently, in the abnormal position specifying step, the sound speed calculation unit 34 derives a difference (detection time difference) between the detection times of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information output from the filter unit 32 (step S6). Subsequently, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 specifies the leakage position (step S7). That is, the abnormal position, for example, the position of the defect that is the leakage hole 6 is specified based on the sound speed information of the sound speed distribution extracted from the storage unit 33 and the difference between the detection times. For example, the following method may be used to derive the specific position of the leakage hole 6. The abnormal position calculation unit 36 derives an average value of the sound speed from the sound speed information of the sound speed distribution stored in the storage unit 33. Subsequently, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 derives a temporary position of the vibration source based on the average value and the difference in detection time between the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information. Since the temporary position of the vibration source is derived using the average value of the sound speed, it may be different from the actual position of the vibration source. Therefore, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 acquires the sound speed at the temporary position of the vibration source from the sound speed distribution stored in the storage unit 33, and detects the sound speed and the above-described third vibration information and fourth vibration information. Based on the time difference, the position of the vibration source is specified.

  By doing so, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 can use the sound speed closer to the actual sound speed when specifying the position of the vibration source, and thus can specify the position of the vibration source more accurately. Therefore, it is possible to increase the accuracy of specifying the abnormal position. In the above-described example, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 uses the average value of the sound speed measured in the sound speed distribution measurement process when obtaining the temporary position of the vibration source, but other values can also be used. For example, the abnormal position calculation unit 36 can use the earliest or latest value of the sound speed information stored in the storage unit 33. Moreover, the abnormal position calculation part 36 can also use the speed of sound at the detection position of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information. In the above-described abnormal position specifying step, the distance from the position of the detection unit to the vibration source may be derived by multiplying the sound speed by the difference between the detection times of the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information. Moreover, although the position of the sensor 14 of the detection units 12 and 13 is known and the vibration source (abnormal position) is present between the detection units 12 and 13, the present invention is not limited to this. Even when the vibration source is not located between the detection units 12 and 13, the position of the vibration source can be derived based on the difference between the detection speed of the sound speed and the third vibration information and the fourth vibration information.

  Moreover, you may apply the commercially available impulse hammer which incorporated the sensor to the vibration part 11 used in 4th Embodiment. In addition, as a vibration element, a jig provided with a weight at one end and fixed at the other end with a rotating shaft may be used, and vibration can be performed with high reproducibility by vibrating the pipe with the weight. .

  Further, in the processing operation of the piping abnormality position detection device according to the fourth embodiment, the abnormality presence / absence determination step and the sound velocity distribution measurement step may be interchanged. By exchanging, since the sound velocity distribution measurement is performed when an abnormality is detected, it is possible to reduce the processing man-hours of the pipe abnormality position detecting device when no abnormality is detected. Moreover, even when the sound velocity distribution changes with the aging of piping and installation conditions, the leak position by the sound velocity distribution at the time of leak detection can be specified. Moreover, although the case where the filter unit 32 is provided has been described, the present invention is not limited to this. The filter unit 32 may be omitted. In this case, step 21 of the sound velocity distribution measurement process and step 8 of the abnormality presence / absence determination process can be omitted.

  Moreover, when the measurement target is a piping network and there is design data, a point to which vibration (vibration) is applied in the above-described piping sound speed distribution measuring device may be set based on the data. In other words, based on the physical connection structure between pipes in the design data, the arrangement of pipes such as whether or not there is contact between pipes that are not connected, vibration is applied (vibration) and vibration is applied. The order of (vibration) may be set.

  In the above-described embodiment, the detection units 12 and 13 are fixed, and the excitation point by the excitation unit 11 is moved, so that the difference between the detection times of the vibration information detected from the detection units 12 and 13 and the difference are based on the difference. The sound speed distribution for each difference in detection time is measured from the sound speed derived in this way. However, it is not limited to this. The excitation points by the excitation unit 11 may be fixed and the detection units 12 and 13 may be moved. Further, the movement amounts of the detection units 12 and 13 with respect to the excitation point may be the same or different movement amounts. Fixing the excitation point fixes the installation location of the excitation unit 11. When the pipe 5 is vibrated with vibration having a large amplitude, or when the pipe 5 is vibrated from a place away from the pipe 5, the vibration unit 11 needs a vibration source that outputs a large vibration. Part 11 is large and heavy. In such a case, moving the detection units 12 and 13 that are smaller and lighter than the excitation unit 11 can simplify the creation work of the sound velocity distribution. Furthermore, when the pipe 5 has a complicated structure including unevenness or a plurality of pipes are arranged in a complicated manner, the detection units 12 and 13 smaller than the vibration unit 11 are arranged in accordance with the structure and arrangement of the pipe. be able to.

  In addition, the points where the detection units are arranged in the above-described embodiment may be equally spaced or unequal intervals. Furthermore, the detectors may be arranged densely according to the shape of the pipe 5. In other words, when there is a region with a complicated structure including irregularities or the like in the pipe 5 or there is a region where the pipe is arranged in a complicated manner, the detection units are arranged densely in those regions, and the other regions The detectors are arranged in a scattered manner. In addition, when two or more detection units are arranged, two of them are selected, and based on the difference between the position information of the selected detection unit and the detection time of the vibration information detected from the selected detection unit The sound speed is derived, and the sound speed distribution corresponding to the difference between the detection times is measured. At this time, the sound velocity distribution is measured for each of the two selected detectors. Thereby, the operation | work which measures sound speed distribution can be simplified rather than the case where two detection parts are used. Furthermore, by monitoring all the detection units during non-vibration and selecting two pieces of strong vibration information to be detected, it is possible to determine the presence or absence of leakage at an early stage and to derive an abnormal position with high accuracy.

Further, the block diagram described in the above-described embodiment shows not a configuration in hardware units but a block in function units. In these drawings, each component is described as being realized by one element, but the means for realizing it is not limited to this. That is, it may be a physically separated configuration or a logically separated configuration.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the embodiments may be combined. Further, it goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and these are also included in the scope of the present invention.

  A part or all of the above-described embodiment can be described as in the following supplementary notes, but is not limited thereto.

(Appendix 1)
A position of a first vibration for applying a first vibration to the pipe;
First and second detection positions for detecting the first vibration propagating in the pipe;
A difference in time at which the first vibration is detected at the first and second detection positions;
An information processing apparatus comprising a processing unit for deriving a sound velocity distribution of vibration propagating through the pipe.
(Appendix 2)
There are a plurality of positions of the first vibration,
The processing unit derives sound speed information from the position of the first vibration, a difference in time at which the first vibration is detected at each position of the first vibration, and the detection position,
The information processing apparatus according to appendix 1, wherein the sound speed distribution includes the sound speed information corresponding to the position of the first vibration.
(Appendix 3)
The processing unit derives a supplementary note 1 or 2 for deriving a time difference at which the first vibration is detected from a characteristic portion of the vibration waveform of the first vibration detected at the first and second detection positions. The information processing apparatus described.
(Appendix 4)
The information processing apparatus according to appendix 1 or 2, wherein the processing unit derives a sound speed between the positions of the first vibrations in the sound speed distribution by complementation.
(Appendix 5)
The information processing apparatus according to any one of appendices 1 to 4,
At least one excitation unit that outputs the first vibration;
A first detector for detecting the first vibration;
A pipe sound speed distribution measuring device, comprising: a second detection unit that is disposed apart from the first detection unit and detects the first vibration.
(Appendix 6)
The pipe sound velocity distribution measuring device according to supplementary note 5, wherein the vibration unit is arranged at a plurality of positions of the pipe based on the structure or arrangement configuration of the pipe.
(Appendix 7)
The pipe sound speed distribution measuring device according to appendix 5, wherein the processing unit determines sound speed uniformity in the pipe from the sound speed distribution.
(Appendix 8)
The pipe sound velocity according to appendix 5 or 7, wherein the processing unit includes a storage unit that stores a position of the first vibration, a time difference at which the first vibration is detected at each position of the first vibration, and the sound speed. Distribution measuring device.
(Appendix 9)
The piping sound velocity distribution measuring device according to any one of appendix 5 or 8,
The processing unit derives a position of the second vibration based on a difference in time when the second vibration generated in the pipe is detected in the first detection unit and the second detection unit, and the sound velocity distribution, An abnormal piping position detection device that determines the position of the second vibration as an abnormal position.
(Appendix 10)
The pipe abnormal position detection according to appendix 9, wherein the processing unit derives sound speed information from the sound speed distribution, and derives the position of the second vibration from the difference between the sound speed information and the time at which the second vibration is detected. apparatus.
(Appendix 11)
Appendix 9 or 10 that determines whether there is an abnormality from the magnitude of amplitude included in at least one vibration waveform of the second vibration detected by the first detection unit and the second detection unit. The abnormal piping position detection device described.
(Appendix 12)
The abnormal piping position detection device according to appendix 9, wherein the processing unit determines uniformity of sound velocity in the piping from the sound velocity distribution.
(Appendix 13)
Give vibration to one position of the pipe,
Measure the arrival time of the vibration propagating through the pipe at two locations,
A pipe sound speed distribution measuring method for deriving a sound speed distribution from a difference between the position and the arrival time.
(Appendix 14)
14. The piping sound speed distribution measuring method according to appendix 13, wherein the position to which the vibration is applied is moved, and the sound speed distribution includes sound speed information corresponding to differences in arrival times at a plurality of positions.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piping sound velocity distribution measuring apparatus 2 Piping abnormal position detection apparatus 5 Piping 6 Leakage hole 11 Excitation part 12, 13 Detection part 14, 17 Sensor 15, 18 Transmission part 16 Excitation element 30 Processing part 31 Receiving part 32 Filter part 33 Storage 34 Sound velocity calculation unit 35 Abnormality determination unit 36 Abnormal position calculation unit

Claims (10)

A position of a first vibration for applying a first vibration to the pipe;
First and second detection positions for detecting the first vibration propagating in the pipe;
A difference in time at which the first vibration is detected at the first and second detection positions;
An information processing apparatus comprising a processing unit for deriving a sound velocity distribution of vibration propagating through the pipe. There are a plurality of positions of the first vibration,
The processing unit derives sound speed information from the position of the first vibration, a difference in time at which the first vibration is detected at each position of the first vibration, and the detection position,
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sound speed distribution includes the sound speed information corresponding to a position of the first vibration.   The said processing part derives | leads-out the difference of the time which detects the said 1st vibration from the characteristic part of the vibration waveform of the said 1st vibration detected in the said 1st and 2nd detection position. The information processing apparatus described in 1.   The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit derives a sound speed between the positions of the first vibrations in the sound speed distribution by complementation. An information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
At least one excitation unit that outputs the first vibration;
A first detector for detecting the first vibration;
A pipe sound speed distribution measuring device, comprising: a second detection unit that is disposed apart from the first detection unit and detects the first vibration.   The piping sound velocity distribution measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the excitation unit is arranged at a plurality of positions of the pipe based on the structure or arrangement configuration of the pipe.   The pipe sound speed distribution measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the processing unit determines uniformity of sound speed in the pipe from the sound speed distribution. The piping sound velocity distribution measuring device according to any one of claims 5 and 7,
The processing unit derives a position of the second vibration based on a difference in time when the second vibration generated in the pipe is detected in the first detection unit and the second detection unit, and the sound velocity distribution, An abnormal piping position detection device that determines the position of the second vibration as an abnormal position.   The said process part determines the presence or absence of abnormality from the magnitude | size of the amplitude contained in the at least 1 vibration waveform of the said 2nd vibration detected by the said 1st detection part and the said 2nd detection part. Piping abnormal position detection device. Give vibration to one position of the pipe,
Measure the arrival time of the vibration propagating through the pipe at two locations,
A pipe sound speed distribution measuring method for deriving a sound speed distribution from a difference between the position and the arrival time.

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