JP2015157707A - grab bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grab bucket which inhibits overflow occurring when a grab is closed to scoop up a loaded object and thereby improves the transfer efficiency.SOLUTION: A grab bucket A includes a pair of shells 2, 2 which forms a grab 1 for scooping up a loaded object W and may be opened and closed. Each of the pair of shells 2, 2 includes: an upper opening part 1b formed at an upper part of the grab 1; a flap 13 which is provided so as to protrude and retract from an edge part 1c of the upper opening part 1b; and a flap driving device 10 which causes the flap 13 to protrude and retract.

Description

  The present invention can be used, for example, when carrying out dredging work that removes earth and sand (contained material) from the bottom of a bay, river, canal, etc., or when the cover is made of loose materials such as wood chips, granular ore, and earth and sand. The present invention relates to a grab bucket used when transporting a cargo.

  Grab buckets used for dredging work and transfer of unloaded items such as loose items have a pair of left and right shells that can be freely opened and closed. Is transported by loading it on the loading platform of dredgers and dump trucks. Conventionally, the grab bucket has a closed type in which the left and right shells are in a sealed state when the grab that has been opened is closed and the loaded material is scooped up (see, for example, Patent Document 1), There is an upper open type (see, for example, Patent Document 2) in which an upper opening is formed in the upper portion to be in an open state.

  The closed-type grab bucket as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is such that when the left and right shells are closed, the entire grab is in a hermetically sealed state, so that the unloaded object is overflowed and dropped from the grab. There is no.

  Further, the upper open type grab bucket as disclosed in Patent Document 2 is such that when the grab is opened, the hydraulic cylinder part is lowered, and the lower frame integrally connected to the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper opening part. To be placed in the grab. The upper open type grab bucket has a structure in which, when the grab is closed, the lower frame integrated with the intermediate movable frame is raised by the hydraulic cylinder, and moves upward from the upper opening. (See FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2).

FIG. 11: is a schematic front view which has a partial cross section which shows an example of the conventional upper open type grab bucket.
As shown in FIG. 11, the upper open type grab bucket A100 is configured such that when the left and right shells 200, 200 are closed and the loaded object W100 is rolled with the grab 100, the loaded loaded object W100 exceeds the angle of repose θ100. In the case of the quantity, the excess load W200 overflows from the grab 100 and overflows and overflows.

  Here, the angle of repose θ100 refers to the maximum angle of the slope of the conical thrust that keeps stability without spontaneously collapsing when loading materials such as soil, rock pieces, sand, and powder are piled up. The angle of repose θ100 is smaller as the load material W100 having better fluidity, and conversely, it becomes larger as the load material W100 having lower fluidity. In other words, when the article to be loaded W100 is a liquid such as water, the angle of repose θ100 is 0 degree. For this reason, when the liquid is transferred by a grab bucket, the cargo handling amount is small.

JP 2010-255323 A (FIG. 2) Japanese Patent No. 3398763 (FIGS. 1 and 7)

  The closed type grab bucket as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is closed by the upper wall of the upper part of the grab, so that the volume of the grab when the left and right shells are closed is as much as the upper wall. Regarded by the upper wall, it is getting smaller. For this reason, the closed-type grab bucket has a small grab volume, so that the amount of material handling that can be scooped at a time is limited, so the amount of material that can be transported is small and the handling efficiency is poor. There was a problem.

  On the other hand, in the upper open type grab bucket A100 as described in Patent Document 2 and FIG. 11, when the left and right shells 200 are closed, the upper opening 110 at the upper part of the grab 100 is opened. ing. For this reason, when there is a large amount of scraping of the loaded material W100, there is a problem that the loaded material W100 overflows from the upper opening 110 and falls as an overflow.

  In addition, when the unloading material W100 falls, the falling unloading material W100 accumulates or generates dust in the loading / unloading work place. Since countermeasures are indispensable, there is a problem that costs other than cargo handling work increase.

  In addition, when the work to be handled W100 struck by the left and right shells 200 overflows from the grab 100 and overflows, if the grab 100 is moved while the work to be loaded W100 overflows and falls, The cargo handling object W100 is scattered around the periphery. For this reason, a waiting time is required to wait until the angle of repose θ100 at which the workpiece W100 does not fall and the fall of the workpiece W100 stops. As a result, the longer the waiting time, the longer the cargo handling work time.

  Further, when the amount of scooping is reduced in order to shorten the waiting time, the amount of scooping with the grab 100 is reduced at one time, and the handling work time for processing a predetermined cargo handling amount is increased. There was a point.

  This invention is made in view of such a background, and it aims at providing the grab bucket which can suppress the overflow at the time of closing and scooping up a grab and can improve transfer efficiency. .

In order to solve the above problems, a grab bucket according to the present invention is a grab bucket including a pair of openable and closable shells constituting a grab for holding an object to be loaded, and the pair of shells is an upper part of the grab. An upper opening formed on the upper opening, a flap provided so as to be able to protrude and retract from an edge of the upper opening, and a flap driving device for causing the flap to appear and disappear.
Here, the amount of the load handling material refers to the amount of the material handling material that can be held by a grab by opening and closing a pair of shells. The amount of harvesting changes according to the angle of repose by changing the angle of repose according to the physical properties of the material to be scooped up.

According to such a configuration, the grab bucket according to the present invention moves the grab from the edge of the upper opening of the grab in the direction of protruding the flap by the flap driving device, so that the grab scraping position when scooping the work to be loaded Can be raised.
For this reason, it is possible to prevent an excessive amount of the load handling object exceeding the angle of repose from overflowing and dropping from the upper opening of the grab when the load handling object is scooped up.
In this way, the grab bucket according to the present invention suppresses or prevents the overflow, so that it can be transferred immediately after scooping up the material to be loaded, thereby reducing the waiting time until the overflow is resolved. Thus, the transfer efficiency can be improved.
Also, by suppressing the overflow by raising the scraping position, it is possible to increase the scraping amount for scooping the work to be handled and the transfer amount that can be transferred at one time, thereby improving the transfer efficiency. it can.
Further, the grab bucket according to the present invention can reduce or prevent the fallen load handling material from accumulating or generating dust by suppressing or preventing overflow, and cleaning work. In addition, it is possible to simplify the measures for preventing environmental pollution caused by the material to be loaded, dust generation measures, etc., reduce the extra work man-hours associated with the cargo handling work, and improve the transfer efficiency.
In this way, the grab bucket according to the present invention can improve the transfer efficiency by suppressing the overflow when the grab is closed and scooped up.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the flap driving device drives the flap in accordance with opening and closing of the pair of shells.

  According to this configuration, the grab bucket according to the present invention drives the flap in accordance with the opening and closing of the shell by the flap driving device, so that, for example, the flap protrudes from the edge of the upper opening in accordance with the closing of the shell. In addition, since the flap can be stored below the edge in accordance with the opening of the shell, overflow can be reliably suppressed and the transfer operation can be performed simply and efficiently. For this reason, the grab bucket which concerns on this invention can improve transfer efficiency more.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the flap driving device drives the flap after closing the pair of shells and scooping up the object to be loaded.

  According to such a configuration, the flap driving device causes the flap to protrude from the edge of the upper opening after scooping the load with the shell, so that the picked load overflows from the upper opening of the grab. Thus, it is possible to suppress the falling and increase the amount of the collected material to be scooped up. Also, if the flap is moved away from the edge of the upper opening immediately after scooping up the load with the shell, the scooped load will overflow and fall until it stops It is possible to greatly reduce the time of the load and efficiently transfer the load handling material.

  The flap drive device preferably includes a cylinder mechanism that moves the flap, and a bracket that supports the cylinder mechanism and is provided outside the upper opening of the pair of shells.

  According to such a configuration, the flap driving device can dispose the cylinder mechanism at a position that does not interfere with opening and closing the grab by providing the cylinder mechanism outside the upper opening of the shell by the bracket. . For example, by rotating the flap by a cylinder mechanism, the flap driving device can be made compact with a simple configuration, and the sliding portion can be reduced to improve durability.

  The grab bucket according to the present invention can improve the transfer efficiency by suppressing overflow when the grab is closed and scooped up.

It is a schematic front view which has a partial cross section which shows an example of the grab bucket which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic right view of the grab bucket which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a general | schematic enlarged front view which has a partial cross section which shows a state when closing a grab and making a flap protrude from a shell. It is the X section enlarged view of FIG. It is a principal part enlarged schematic diagram which shows the state when a flap moves to the direction away from the edge of an upper opening part, and a state when a flap moves to the direction which adjoins the edge of an upper opening. It is a block diagram which shows a shell opening / closing drive device and a flap drive device. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the grab bucket which concerns on this invention, and is a principal part general | schematic expanded front view which shows a flap drive device. It is a principal part schematic side view of FIG. It is the Y section enlarged view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the grab bucket which concerns on this invention, and is a principal part expansion schematic diagram which shows the installation state of a flap drive device. It is a schematic front view which has a partial cross section which shows an example of the conventional upper open type grab bucket.

  Hereinafter, a grab bucket A according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, since the grab bucket A of this invention is formed in the left-right symmetric in front view, either side is demonstrated and the description of the other side is abbreviate | omitted suitably. Prior to describing the grab bucket A, the work load W transported by the grab bucket A and a crane (not shown) will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4.

≪Loaded goods≫
As shown in FIG. 3, the material to be loaded W is a transferred material that is scooped and transferred by the grab 1 of the grab bucket A, and the material, shape, and size thereof are not particularly limited. The unloaded material W is made of, for example, loose materials such as earth and sand on the bottom of bays, rivers, canals and the like, other earth and sand on the ground, wood chips, granular ore, and powder. Hereinafter, the seabed earth and sand will be described as an article to be loaded W. For example, when the pair of shells 2 is opened and closed while the flap 13 is immersed (lowered), the unloaded material W overflows as shown in FIG. When the flow g falls from the upper opening 1b of the grab 1 and the flow of the overflow g stops, a slope of conical accumulation is formed.

≪Crane≫
A crane (not shown) is a device that lifts a grab bucket A holding a load W by opening the grab 1 using power means (not shown) such as hydraulic pressure, and moves it horizontally to transfer it. The form, size, etc. are not particularly limited. The crane (not shown) may be, for example, a mobile crane mounted on a dredger, a crane truck, or a fixed crane. Hereinafter, a case where the crane is mounted on a dredger will be described as an example.
The crane (not shown) is installed on the upper deck of the dredger so as to be able to turn, and a hook (not shown) connected to the lifting of the grab bucket A is attached to the lower end of the suspension rope for lifting the grab bucket A. .

≪Grab bucket≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the grab bucket A is a transfer device including a pair of openable and closable shells 2 that constitute a grab 1 that scoops up a load W (see FIG. 3). The grab bucket A is composed of, for example, a remote control single-line grab bucket that performs a dredging work and a cargo handling work by hanging a hanging tool on a hook of a crane (not shown).
The grab bucket A includes a grab 1 having a pair of shells 2, a lower frame 3 that pivotally supports the pair of shells 2, and upper ends of the left and right shells 2. The suspension arm 4 provided, the upper frame 5 connected to the upper ends of the left and right suspension arms 4, the shell opening / closing drive device 6 for driving the pair of shells 2 to be opened, and the shell opening / closing drive device 6 for the lower frame 3. The intermediate movable frame 7 connected via the intermediate movable frame 7, the open / close pulley 71 and the fixed pulley 51 disposed on the intermediate movable frame 7 and the upper frame 5, and the wire rope wound around the open / close pulley 71 and the fixed pulley 51, respectively. 8, a flap 13 provided in each of the pair of shells 2, and a fluid pressure driving device B (shell opening / closing driving device for driving the shells 2, 2 and the flaps 13, 13 6 and flap drive device 10), and a, a battery BT for supplying electric power to the hydraulic drive unit B and the like.

≪Grab≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the grab 1 is a member for scooping the load W so as to be grasped by a pair of shells 2, and is disposed so as to be freely opened and closed by pivotally supporting a shaft support portion 2 d provided on the lower frame 3. The left and right shells 2 are mainly configured. When the grab 1 is in a closed state in which the open shell 2 is in contact with the open / close portion 2c of the shell 2, the grab 1 accommodates the load W in the accommodating space 1a of the grab 1 and a crane (not shown). It is a member for lifting and transporting it onto a transport ship or the like. The grab 1 is movable to an accommodation space 1a formed by closing the left and right shells 2 and 2, an upper opening 1b formed at the top of the grab 1, and a peripheral edge in the left-right direction of the upper opening 1b. , A flap driving device 10 that moves the flap 13 with respect to the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b, and a bracket 12 that holds the flap driving device 10.

The accommodation space 1a is a space in which the article to be loaded W is accommodated when the shells 2 and 2 are closed.
The upper opening portion 1 b is an opening portion that is always in communication with the accommodation space 1 a and the outside of the grab 1. That is, the grab bucket A is of an upper open type having an upper opening 1b at the upper part of the grab 1.

≪Shell≫
As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the shell 2 is a pair of left and right substantially container-like members that form a half of the grab 1, and is formed like a substantially bivalve shell. In other words, the shell 2 has a substantially container shape that forms the accommodation space 1a in the grab 1 by closing the grab 1 by bringing the left and right shells 2 into contact with each other. The shell 2 forms a bottom plate, and has a shell body 21 provided with a flap 13 and a flap driving device 10 at an upper end portion, and a pair of front and rear side plates 22 erected upward from the front and rear lower end portions of the shell body 21. A suspension support piece 23 having a lower end joined to the inner wall surface 2b of the upper portion of the shell body 21 and an upper end rotatably connected to the swing shaft portion 4a of the lower end portion of the suspension arm 4, and the shell body 21 An open / close arm 24 connected to the lower frame 3, a connection link 25 connected to the pair of left and right open / close arms 24, 24, a construction member 26 and a connection plate 27 for connecting the side plate 22 and the open / close arm 24, and a shell And a reinforcing member 28 for reinforcing the two opening / closing portions 2c. The pair of shells 2 are pivotally supported by the lower frame 3 and the suspension arm 4 so as to rotate in the closing direction by the weight of each shell 2.

A shaft support portion 2d connected to the lower frame 3, a connecting shaft portion 2e rotatably connected to the swing shaft portion 4a of the suspension arm 4, and a flap 13 are driven on the outer wall surface 2a of the upper portion of the shell 2. A flap driving device 10 to be operated and the bracket 12 are provided.
A flap 13, a suspension piece 23, and an opening / closing arm 24 are joined to the inner wall surface 2 b of the upper part of the shell 2 so as to be movable at the edge 1 c of the upper opening 1 b.
The opening / closing part 2c is an opening edge part that abuts against each other and closes when the pair of shells 2 are rotated and closed in the closing direction by their own weights. A reinforcing member 28 is provided in the opening / closing part 2c.
The shaft support portion 2 d is a portion that pivotally supports the shell 2 with respect to the lower frame 3, and is provided at the upper ends of the left and right shells 2.
The connecting shaft portion 2 e is a portion that pivotally supports the shell 2 with respect to the suspension arm 4, and is provided at the upper end portion of the suspension support piece 23 that protrudes upward from the upper left and right end portions of the shell 2. Yes.
The flap driving device 10, the bracket 12, and the flap 13 will be described in detail later.

≪Lower frame≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the lower frame 3 is a member that holds the pair of shells 2 and the shell opening / closing drive device 6, and is provided on the top of the pair of shells 2. The lower frame 3 is provided with a shaft 3a (see FIG. 2) that rotatably supports the shaft support 2d of the shell 2. In the lower frame 3, a shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61, an oil tank T, a battery BT, a control device 9, and a receiver 91 shown in FIG. 6 are installed.

≪Hanging arm≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the suspension arm 4 is a link-like member for suspending the left and right shells 2 so as to be freely closed and closed. The suspension arm 4 has a swing shaft portion 4a rotatably connected to the left and right upper portions of the left and right shells 2 at the lower end portion, and is rotatable to the left and right lower end portions of the upper frame 5 at the upper end portion. The upper connecting shaft 4b is connected.

≪Upper frame≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper frame 5 is composed of a substantially quadrangular pyramid-shaped cylindrical member disposed on the upper side of the lower frame 3 with an intermediate movable frame 7 interposed therebetween. A wire rope 8 is inserted through the upper frame 5. In the upper frame 5, fixed pulleys 51, 51 around which wire ropes 8 are wound on the left and right of the upper end portion are rotatably supported, and the left and right suspension arms 4 are rotatably connected to the lower end portion.

≪Purple≫
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grab bucket A is provided with a total of four pulleys, two fixed pulleys 51 and 51 that do not move up and down and two opening and closing pulleys 71 and 71 that move up and down.
The fixed pulleys 51 and 51 with the shaft portion fixed are composed of a pair of pulleys rotatably disposed in the upper frame 5 and are respectively wound around the upper ends of the wire ropes 8 hanging in an inverted U shape. . The fixed pulleys 51 and 51 rotate the same as the wire rope 8 moves by opening and closing the grab 1.

≪Intermediate movable frame≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate movable frame 7 is connected to the lower frame 3 via a shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61, and moves up and down integrally with the piston rod portion 61c (see FIG. 6). It is. In the intermediate movable frame 7, opening and closing pulleys 71 and 71 are rotatably arranged. The intermediate movable frame 7 is disposed between the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 3, and can be moved up and down relative to the upper frame 5 by the movement of the wire rope 8. On both sides of the intermediate movable frame 7, wire ropes 8 are wound around opening and closing pulleys 71 and 71 via fixed pulleys 51 and 51 of the upper frame 5, respectively.

≪Wire rope≫
The wire rope 8 is a suspension / grab opening / closing wire that is wound around fixed pulleys 51, 51 and opening / closing pulleys 71, 71 disposed on the intermediate movable frame 7 and the upper frame 5 and extended upward. At the upper end of the wire rope 8 wound around the opening and closing pulleys 71 and 72 and extending upward, a hanging tool for hanging on a hook of a crane (not shown) is provided.

≪Fluid pressure drive system≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the fluid pressure drive device B is a device driven by fluid pressure (pressure drive medium) composed of compressed air or hydraulic pressure. Hereinafter, the fluid pressure driving device B driven by oil pressure as the fluid pressure will be described. The fluid pressure driving device B includes a shell opening / closing driving device 6 for driving the shell 2 to open, a flap driving device 10 for moving the flap 13 in a direction away from and close to the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b, and It is configured with.

≪Shell opening and closing drive device≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the shell opening / closing drive device 6 is a device that rotates the pair of left and right shells 2 around a central shaft support portion 2 d to open the intermediate drive frame 7 from above the lower frame 3. It is arrange | positioned over the upper side.
As shown in FIG. 6, the shell opening / closing drive device 6 includes a shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 for opening the grab 1 and an increase / decrease of oil in the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 caused by expansion / contraction of the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61. An oil tank T for adjusting the amount, a hydraulic circuit 62 for controlling the driving of the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61, and a receiver 91 for receiving a command signal from a signal transmitter disposed on the operation panel of the driver's seat; A shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A (control device 9) driven by a command signal received by the receiver 91 and a battery BT connected to the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A are provided.

  The shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 includes a cylinder portion 61a having a lower end portion fixed to the lower frame 3, and a piston portion 61b having an upper end portion connected to the intermediate movable frame 7 and accommodated in the cylinder portion 61a so as to be able to reciprocate. And a piston rod portion 61c that is connected to the piston portion 61b and protrudes freely from the upper end of the cylinder portion 61a. The shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 is interposed between and connected to the lower frame 3 and the intermediate movable frame 7.

≪Flap drive device≫
As shown in FIG. 6, the flap driving device 10 includes a flap 13 that is movably (rotatably) installed on the peripheral edge in the left-right direction of the upper opening 1 b and a flap 13 that is disposed in the vicinity of the flap 13. A cylinder mechanism 11 to be driven, a fluid pressure generating source 16 that generates a fluid pressure to be supplied to the cylinder mechanism 11, and a fluid for supplying the fluid pressure generated by the fluid pressure generating source 16 into the cylinder case 11a of the cylinder mechanism 11. A pressure supply pipe 14a, a fluid pressure discharge pipe 14b from the cylinder case 11a, a control valve 15 for controlling the supply and discharge of fluid pressure in the cylinder case 11a, and a flap drive control unit 9B for controlling the control valve 15 (Control device 9) and a battery BT that supplies power to the control valve 15 and the flap drive control unit 9B. The flap drive device 10 is provided on the outer surface side of the upper opening 1 b of the grab 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the flap drive device 10 closes the pair of shells 2 and 2 and moves the load 13 upward when moving the article to be loaded W accommodated in the accommodating space 1 a of the grab 1. By moving it, it fulfills the function of suppressing the load handling object W from falling from the upper opening 1b. As shown in FIG. 4, the flap driving device 10 has an upper end portion rotatably connected to a connecting projection 13 b provided on the outer surface of the flap 13, and a lower end portion provided on the upper end portion of the bracket 12. It is rotatably connected to the connecting part 12c.

<Bracket>
The bracket 12 is a member that supports the cylinder mechanism 11, and is provided outside the upper openings 1 b of the pair of shells 2. The bracket 12 includes a bracket body 12a having a base end portion joined to the outer wall surface 2a of the shell 2, a support plate portion 12b joined in a state of being bent obliquely upward from a distal end portion of the bracket body 12a, and a support plate Three plate-like members are integrally connected to a connecting portion 12c protruding from the upper surface of the portion 12b.

The bracket body 12a is made of a thick plate-like member that extends from the outer wall surface 2a of the shell 2 in the horizontal direction.
The support plate portion 12b is made of a thick plate-like member for arranging the connecting portion 12c so as to face the connecting protrusion 13b of the flap 13.
The connecting portion 12c is formed of a thick plate-like tongue piece having a communication hole into which a base end side connecting pin 11f provided in the cylinder case 11a is rotatably inserted.

<Flap>
As shown in FIG. 4, the flap 13 is a member that can adjust the scraping amount of the load W to be scraped by closing the pair of shells 2, 2. It is slidably (rotatably) disposed on the inner wall surface 2b of the edge 1c in the left-right direction. The flap 13 includes a flap body 13a that is movably disposed in a direction away from and close to the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b, a coupling protrusion 13b that is joined to the upper portion of the outer surface of the flap body 13a, and a flap body 13a. And a support member 13c joined to the lower part of the outer surface.

  The flap body 13a is composed of a plate-like member formed in a substantially arc shape when viewed in a longitudinal section, and is connected to the tip end portion of the piston rod 11c of the cylinder mechanism 11 via a connecting projection 13b. As shown in FIG. 4, the flap main body 13 a is configured such that when pressurized oil is supplied to the oil chamber 11 d of the cylinder mechanism 11 and the piston rod 11 c protrudes upward (in the direction of arrow a) from the cylinder case 11 a, The upper end of the main body 13a is in a state where it is lifted away from the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b in the uppermost direction (arrow e, h direction). The flap body 13a is in a state where the pressure oil in the oil chamber 11d of the cylinder mechanism 11 is discharged by the piston 11b pressed by the spring force of the coil spring 11e, and the piston rod 11c enters the cylinder case 11a. 5, the flap body 13a rotates downward (arrow f, i direction) about the support member 13c, and the upper end of the flap body 13a is the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b. It is in the state where it descended most closely.

The connecting protrusion 13b protrudes from the outer surface of the flap body 13a in the left-right direction, and has a through-hole that has a through hole in which a tip-side connecting pin 11g provided at the tip of the piston rod 11c is pivotally supported. It is.
As shown in FIG. 4, the support member 13 c is a member that becomes a rotation center when the shell main body 21 is driven by the cylinder mechanism 11, and is a shaft bar joined at a position closer to the lower side of the outer surface of the shell main body 21. Consists of. Both end portions on the front and rear sides of the support member 13 c have shaft portions 13 d supported by side plates 22 and 22 (see FIG. 2) provided on the front and rear sides of the flap 13.

<Cylinder mechanism>
As shown in FIG. 4, the cylinder mechanism 11 moves the flap 13 forward and backward in a direction away from the edge 1 c of the upper opening 1 b (arrow e, h direction) and a close direction (arrow f, i direction). For example, it is composed of a hydraulic type. The cylinder mechanism 11 includes a cylinder case 11a whose base end portion is rotatably connected to the connecting portion 12c of the bracket 12, a piston 11b that is disposed so as to be movable forward and backward in the cylinder case 11a, and one end connected to the piston 11b. The piston rod 11c whose other end is rotatably connected to the connecting protrusion 13b of the flap 13, the oil chamber 11d formed on the base end side in the cylinder case 11a, and the distal end side in the cylinder case 11a Is provided with a coil spring 11e, a base end side connection pin 11f provided on the cylinder case 11a, a front end side connection pin 11g provided on the piston rod 11c, and a pipe 14a. .

  In the cylinder mechanism 11, the base end side (lower end side) of the cylinder case 11 a is rotatably connected to the distal end portion of the bracket 12, and the distal end portion (upper end portion) of the cylinder case 11 a is connected to the connection protrusion 13 b of the flap 13. It is pivotally connected. For this reason, when the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the oil chamber 11d and the piston rod 11c rises, the cylinder mechanism 11 swings upward (in the direction of the arrow c) about the proximal end side connection pin 11f and moves the flap 13 upward. Raise in the direction of arrow f. Further, when the hydraulic pressure is discharged from the oil chamber 11d and the piston rod 11c is lowered, the cylinder mechanism 11 swings downward (in the direction of the arrow d) about the proximal end side connection pin 11f, and the flap 13 is moved downward. Lower in the direction of arrow e.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the cylinder case 11 a is formed of a cylindrical body that is disposed from the front end portion of the bracket 12 that is disposed substantially horizontally toward the upper portion of the flap 13 that is disposed obliquely upward. The cylinder case 11a is disposed so as to be swingable with respect to the bracket 12 joined to the shell 2 by a base end side connection pin 11f. That is, in the cylinder case 11a, when the piston 11b and the piston rod 11c move upward (arrow a direction), the upper end side of the cylinder case 11a swings upward (arrow c direction), and the flap 13 is moved. The height H1 can be moved upward (protruded).

  Piston 11b consists of a thick disk-shaped member arrange | positioned in cylinder case 11a so that it can divide into cylinder case 11a in half so that the inside of cylinder case 11a may be divided into the oil chamber 11d and the installation space in which the coil spring 11e is installed. The piston 11b moves when hydraulic pressure is supplied to and discharged from the oil chamber 11d so as to interlock with the opening and closing of the pair of shells 2.

  The piston rod 11c is composed of, for example, a rod-like member that is inserted into and supported by the upper end of the cylinder case 11a so that the piston rod 11c can move forward and backward. One end of the piston rod 11c is fixed to the piston 11b, and the other end rotates to the connecting projection 13b of the flap 13. It is connected freely. The piston rod 11c and the piston 11b are disposed so as to be movable relative to the cylinder case 11a.

The proximal end side connection pin 11f is a connection tool that rotatably connects the connection portion 12c of the bracket 12 and the lower end portion of the cylinder case 11a.
The distal end side connecting pin 11g is a connecting tool that rotatably connects the connecting protrusion 13b of the flap 13 and the upper end of the piston rod 11c.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the oil chamber 11d, the pressure oil in the oil chamber 11d is discharged to the oil tank T through the pipe 14a, the control valve 15 and the pipe 14b, and the pressure in the fluid pressure source 16 is increased. Oil is supplied through the control valve 15 and the pipe 14a. The volume of the oil chamber 11d is increased or decreased by movement of the piston 11b due to supply and discharge of pressure oil.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the coil spring 11e is a compression coil spring housed in a spring installation space whose volume changes relative to the oil chamber 11d as the piston 11b moves. The coil spring 11e is compressed when the pressure oil is supplied into the oil chamber 11d and the piston 11b moves upward (in the direction of arrow a), and the control valve 15 is released, so that the piston 11b moves downward. Push back in the direction of arrow b to discharge the pressure oil in the oil chamber 11d and move the piston rod 11c forward and backward.

<Piping for fluid pressure supply>
As shown in FIG. 6, the pipe 14 a has one end connected to the oil chamber 11 d and the other end connected to the fluid pressure generating source 16 via the control valve 15. One end of the pipe 14b is connected to the oil chamber 11d via the pipe 14a, and the other end is connected to the oil tank T.

<Control valve and fluid pressure source>
The control valve 15 supplies a hydraulic pressure generated by the fluid pressure generation source 16 from the pipe 14a into the oil chamber 11d, and a discharge path for returning the pressure oil in the oil chamber 11d to the oil tank T side via the pipe 14b. And a solenoid valve for switching.
The fluid pressure generation source 16 includes a hydraulic pump 16 a that generates hydraulic pressure supplied to the cylinder mechanism 11 and a relief valve 16 b that adjusts fluid pressure supplied to the cylinder mechanism 11, and is mounted on the lower frame 3.

<Control device>
As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 9 is a device that controls the entire grab bucket A, and includes a shell opening / closing drive control unit 9 </ b> A that controls the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 that opens the shell 2, and the opening and closing of the shell 2. And a flap drive control unit 9B that performs control to drive the flap 13 in accordance with the above. The control device 9 is electrically connected to a shell opening / closing solenoid valve (not shown), the receiver 91 and the battery BT.

  The shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A is a control means for controlling the operation of the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 by controlling the opening / closing drive of a shell opening / closing solenoid valve (not shown) provided in the hydraulic circuit 62. Based on the drive signal received by the machine 91, the opening / closing control of the grab 1 is performed by supplying power to the shell opening / closing solenoid valve (not shown) and controlling it.

The flap drive control unit 9B controls the control valve 15 in accordance with the opening / closing timing of the pair of shells 2 and 2 to drive the flap 13 of the flap drive device 10. For example, the flap drive control unit 9B supplies electric power to the hydraulic pressure supply unit of the control valve 15 in accordance with the closing of the grab 1 by the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A based on the flap raising drive signal received by the receiver 91. To drive the cylinder mechanism 11 to the flap raising side.
Further, the flap drive control unit 9B appropriately controls the control valve 15 according to the opening and closing of the grab 1 by the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A of the control device 9 based on the flap lowering drive signal received by the receiver 91. The cylinder mechanism 11 can be driven to the flap lowering side or the flap raising side.

  For example, when the shell 2 closes due to its own weight, the control device 9 of the grab bucket A controls the control valve 15 in accordance with the closing of the shell 2 to drive the cylinder mechanism 11 of the flap driving device 10, and the flap 13 Can be moved so as to protrude from the shell 2.

As shown in FIG. 6, the receiver 91 is a wireless signal receiving device that receives a command signal transmitted from a wireless signal transmitter (not shown) in the cab. The receiver 91 receives the command signal (wireless signal), and sends a drive signal for driving the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 from the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A of the control device 9 to a shell opening / closing solenoid valve (not shown). And the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 is driven to open the shell 2. The receiver 91 receives a command signal (wireless signal), and sends a drive signal for driving the cylinder mechanism 11 from the flap drive control unit 9B of the control device 9 to the control valve 15 to drive the cylinder mechanism 11. Thus, the flap 13 is moved upward (arrow e) from the shell 2. The receiver 91 includes an antenna 91a that receives radio waves from a radio signal transmitter (not shown).
The battery BT is composed of a rechargeable storage battery and is installed in the lower frame 3.

≪Action≫
Next, the operation of the grab bucket A according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in the order of the working steps by taking a case where a dredging operation is performed as an example with reference to FIGS.

  An operator at a driver's seat (not shown) operates a control panel (not shown) to drive the crane, and places the grab bucket A shown in FIG. 1 on an environmental pollution prevention frame (not shown). Thereafter, the winch or the like is driven to lower the hanging rope. In the initial state, the grab 1 fixes the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 of the shell opening / closing drive device 6 and fixes the lower frame 3 and the intermediate movable frame 7 to the upper frame, as shown in FIG. In a closed state.

  Next, the worker operates a control panel (not shown) to transmit a command signal for opening the shell 2 from the radio signal transmitter. As shown in FIG. 6, the opening command signal is received by the receiver 91 via the antenna 91a and transmitted to the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A and the flap drive control unit 9B. The shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A sends an opening signal to the hydraulic circuit 62 to put the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 into a free flow state. Then, due to the weight of the load W in the shell 2, the cylinder portion 61 a and the lower frame 3, the cylinder portion 61 a and the lower frame 3 of the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 are lowered, and the shell 2 is moved to the lower end of the suspension arm 4. The shell 2 is opened by rotating in the opening direction around the connecting shaft portion 2e.

  At this time, the flap drive control unit 9B sends a flap pull-in signal to the control valve 15 to stop the power supply to the control valve 15. In the cylinder mechanism 11 of the flap drive device 10, when the supply of hydraulic pressure to the oil chamber 11d is stopped, the coil spring 11e presses the piston 11b, causing the piston rod 11c and the flap 13 to enter the direction of insertion (arrows b, (d direction). For this reason, when the shell 2 is opened, the flap 13 is retracted and is in an immersive state shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

  Next, the operator operates the control panel (not shown) to place the grab 1 on the work load W while the shell 2 is kept open. Further, the worker lowers the hook of the crane until the intermediate movable frame 7 shown in FIG. 6 is lowered by its own weight and comes into contact with the lower frame 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). At this time, the piston portion 61 b of the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 is pushed down by the weight of the intermediate movable frame 7.

  Next, when the shell 2 of the grab bucket A is closed and the load W is scooped into the grab 1, the worker operates the control panel (not shown) to close the shell 2 from the radio signal transmitter. Send a signal. The closing command signal is received by the receiver 91 via the antenna 91a shown in FIG. 6 and transmitted to the shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A and the flap drive control unit 9B. The shell opening / closing drive control unit 9A sends a signal to the hydraulic circuit 62 to lock the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 to lock the lower frame 3 and the intermediate movable frame 7 fixed to the lower end of the cylinder unit 61a. Let it be in a state.

  When an operator operates a control panel (not shown) to drive the crane and lifts the lower frame 3, the shell opening hydraulic cylinder 61 and the intermediate movable frame 7 upward, the shaft support portion of the shell 2 connected to the lower frame 3. 2d rises, and the shell 2 rotates in the closing direction around the connecting shaft portion 2e by the weight of the shell 2, so that the load W is lifted and the closed state shown in FIG. 3 is obtained. An excessive amount of the load handling material W that has been beaten by the shell 2 falls from the grab 1 as an overflow g.

  The flap drive control unit 9B shown in FIG. 6 closes the shell 2 and scoops up the load W, and then controls the control valve 15 of the flap drive device 10 at a preset timing so that the cylinder mechanism 11 13 is driven to move upward. That is, when the control valve 15 is driven, the hydraulic pressure of the fluid pressure generation source 16 is supplied into the oil chamber 11 d of the cylinder mechanism 11 via the control valve 15.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the cylinder mechanism 11 is configured to move the piston 11b and the piston rod 11c upward (in the direction of arrow a) against the spring force of the coil spring 11e by supplying pressurized oil into the oil chamber 11d. Move to. The flap 13 in which the connecting projection 13b is connected to the piston rod 11c moves upward (in the directions of arrows e and h) with the movement of the piston rod 11c, and rises from the upper end of the shell 2. For this reason, the flap 13 forms the left and right edge 1c of the upper opening 1b as shown in FIG. 5 even when the load W is falling from the upper opening 1b of the grab 1. Since 13 has increased in height H1, the load W can be prevented from falling as an overflow g. The grab 1 is covered by the height H2 (see FIG. 3) from the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b of the flap 13 as compared to the conventional grab 100 (see FIG. 11) that does not include the flap 13. It is possible to increase the amount of collection of the cargo item W.

  As a result, the grab 1 can improve the collection amount of the load to be loaded W that can be picked up at a time, and can increase the transfer capability of the load to be loaded W to be transferred and efficiently transfer the load. Also, the waiting time until the load W is dropped as an overflow g until the rest angle of repose θ1 is reached can be greatly shortened. Along with this, the cargo handling work time by the grab bucket A can be greatly shortened, and the transport efficiency and work efficiency of transporting the work W can be improved.

  Then, the operator operates a control panel (not shown) to lift and turn the grab 1 with a crane, thereby moving the grab bucket A onto the transport ship. In this state, similarly to the above, a grab opening signal is sent from a wireless transmitter (not shown) to the receiver 91 to open the shell 2 of the grab bucket A, and the load W in the grab 1 is dropped onto the carrier ship. . While the grab bucket A is being transferred by the crane, since the state in which the flap 13 is raised by the height H1 is maintained, the load 13 prevents the load W from falling from the grab 1 and scattering. be able to.

  For this reason, the grab bucket A can reduce the fallen load W from accumulating or generating dust at the work place, and can also perform cleaning work and the environment of the load W. Costs other than cargo handling work can be reduced by simplifying pollution countermeasure washing and dust generation countermeasures.

[First Modification]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the technical idea. The present invention extends to these modifications and changes. Of course. In addition, the already demonstrated structure attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits the description.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a first modification of the grab bucket according to the present invention, and is a schematic enlarged front view of a main part showing a flap drive device. FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the main part of FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a Y portion in FIG.

In the above embodiment, as an example of the flap drive device 10, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the cylinder mechanism 11 that swings with respect to the bracket 12 protruding from the outer wall surface 2 a of the shell 2 has been described. It is not limited.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the flap drive device 10 </ b> A only needs to have a function of suppressing the load W that falls from the upper opening 1 b of the grab 1. You may be comprised so that it may advance / retreat to the up-down direction (arrow j, k direction) along the outer wall surface 2a.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, in the cylinder mechanism 11 </ b> A, the cylinder case 11 </ b> Aa, the piston 11 </ b> Ab, and the piston rod 11 </ b> Ac are arranged in parallel along the outer wall surface 2 a of the shell 2. For this reason, in the cylinder mechanism 11A, the piston case 11Ab and the piston rod 11Ac are simply moved forward and backward along the outer wall surface 2a, and the cylinder case 11Aa and the piston rod 11Ac do not swing as in the above embodiment.

  The cylinder mechanism 11A is provided with a connecting piece 11Ah formed at the upper end of the cylinder case 11Aa and a base end side connecting pin 11Af inserted into the connecting piece 11Ah at the upper end, and a piston rod 11Ac at the lower end. A connecting piece 11Ai formed on the lower end of the connecting piece 11 and a distal end side connecting pin 11Ag that is inserted into the connecting piece 11Ai are provided.

  The connecting piece 11Ah is integrally formed with the cylinder case 11Aa and has a through hole into which the base end side connecting pin 11Af is inserted. The base end side connecting pin 11Af is rotatably connected to a connecting portion 12Ab protruding in the left and right outer direction from a bracket 12A installed between the left and right upper end portions 22a and 22a of the side plate 22 arranged in front and rear of the shell 2. Has been.

  The connecting piece 11Ai is a pair of front and rear protruding pieces projecting downward from the lower end of the piston rod 11Ac, and has a through-hole into which the distal end side connecting pin 11Ag is inserted. The distal end side connecting pin 11Ag is rotatably connected to a connecting protrusion 13Ab that protrudes from the outer upper end of the flap body 13Aa of the flap 13A.

  The bracket 12A is formed between the left and right upper end portions 22a and 22a of the side plate 22 and extends horizontally in the front-rear direction, and protrudes from the left and right outer sides of the bracket body 12Aa. And a connecting portion 12Ab that supports the shaft.

The bracket body 12Aa is formed of a flat plate-like member for fixing the cylinder mechanism 11A to the left and right upper end portions 22a of the shell 2.
The connecting portion 12Ab is composed of a pair of front and rear projecting pieces joined respectively at two positions near the front and rear end portions of the bracket body 12Aa, and through holes into which the base end side connecting pins 11Af are pivotally inserted are respectively drilled. Has been. The connecting portion 12Ab and the base end side connecting pin 11Af only need to be able to be connected to each other, and the shape and the like are not particularly limited.

  The flap 13A slides obliquely in the vertical direction (in the direction of arrows J and k) from the upper opening 1b of the grab 1 along the outer wall surface 2a of the upper portion of the shell 2 by the forward and backward movement of the piston 11Ab and the piston rod 11Ac of the cylinder mechanism 11A. It consists of the member to do. The flap 13A includes a flap body 13Aa made of a flat plate member slidably arranged along the outer wall surface 2a of the upper portion of the shell 2, and a connecting protrusion 13Ab projecting perpendicularly from the outer surface of the flap body 13Aa. And a support member 13Ac for slidably supporting the front and rear end portions of the flap body 13Aa to the shell 2.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the flap body 13Aa is formed in the front-rear direction between the front and rear side plates 22 and 22 along the left and right edges 1c of the upper opening 1b and between the side plates 22 and 22. It is arranged to move up and down. The flap main body 13Aa is attached to the two cylinder mechanisms 11A arranged in a state of being pivotably suspended from the bracket 12A via the coupling protrusion 13Ab. For this reason, the flap body 13Aa moves up and down integrally with the piston 11Ab and the piston rod 11Ac as shown in FIG.

The connecting protrusion 13Ab is inserted between the pair of front and rear connecting pieces 11Ai and 11Ai, and is pivotally supported by the distal end side connecting pin 11Ag.
The support member 13Ac is a pair of front and rear plate members that are provided from the upper front and rear end portions of the outer wall surface 2a of the shell main body 21 via a gap slightly wider than the plate thickness of the flap 13A. Both end portions of the flap 13A are slidably interposed between the support member 13Ac and the outer wall surface 2a of the shell body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the hydraulic pressure is supplied into the oil chamber 11Ad of the cylinder mechanism 11A, the flap driving apparatus 10A of the first modification example has the piston rod 11Ac and the tip end while the piston 11Ab compresses the compression coil spring 11Ae. The flap 13A is raised by raising together with the side connecting pin 11Ag. Further, the flap driving device 10A lowers the flap 13A by discharging the hydraulic pressure in the oil chamber 11Ad, and the piston 11Ab is lowered together with the piston rod 11Ac and the distal end side connecting pin 11Ag by the spring force of the compression coil spring 11Ae. Let

[Second Modification]
FIG. 10 is a view showing a second modified example of the grab bucket according to the present invention, and is an enlarged schematic view of a main part showing an installation state of the flap driving device.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the flap drive device 10B is configured such that the cylinder case 11Ba of the cylinder mechanism 11B is disposed in contact with the outer wall surface 2a of the upper portion of the shell 2, and the cylinder case 11Ba is placed in a belt-like bracket 12B, The bracket 12B may be held by 12B and attached to the outer wall surface 2a by fastening with the fastener 17B.

  In this case, the cylinder mechanism 11B installs the cylinder case 11Ba on the outer wall surface 2a of the shell 2, and moves the piston 11Bb and the piston rod 11Bc in parallel (in the direction of arrows m and n) along the outer wall surface 2a of the shell 2. Arrange as follows. Even in this case, in the cylinder mechanism 11B, the piston 11Bb and the piston rod 11Bc only rise and fall along the outer wall surface 2a together with the flap 13B, and the cylinder case 11Ba and the piston rod 11Bc do not swing. The flap 13B is joined to the flat flap body 13Ba in such a manner that the connecting projection 13Bb protrudes at a right angle.

  For this reason, the flap 13B is formed in a straight flat plate shape in a longitudinal section, and is guided by the piston rod 11Bc of the cylinder mechanism 11B while being guided by the piston rod 11Bc of the cylinder mechanism 11B in the same manner as the piston rod 11Ac of the cylinder mechanism 11A of the first modification. 2 moves in the vertical direction (in the directions of arrows e and f) along the outer wall surface 2a, so that the frictional resistance of the sliding portion is small and the movement is smooth.

[Other variations]
Further, the cylinder mechanisms 11, 11A, 11B of the flap driving devices 10, 10A, 10B may be air cylinder mechanisms using compressed air other than hydraulic pressure as a power transmission medium. Further, the flap driving devices 10, 10A, 10B may use a gear mechanism such as a pinion / rack mechanism using a motor as a power source. Further, the flap driving devices 10, 10A, 10B may use a mechanical mechanism that utilizes an opening / closing force due to the weight of the shell.

  Further, the flap driving devices 10, 10 </ b> A, 10 </ b> B explained the case where the flaps 13, 13 </ b> A, 13 </ b> B are moved (rotated) obliquely up and down along the edge 1 c of the upper opening 1 b of the grab 1 as an example. However, the direction in which the flaps 13, 13 </ b> A, and 13 </ b> B move may be any direction that can increase the scraping amount of the work W, and the direction may be changed as appropriate. For example, the movement direction of the flaps 13, 13A, 13B is the direction in which the flaps 13, 13A, 13B are closed with respect to the upper opening 1b of the grab 1, or the direction directly above the edge 1c of the upper opening 1b. Further, it may be in the direction directly below.

Note that the flap drive control unit 9B of the control device 9 closes the pair of shells 2 and scoops the load W, and then drives the flap drive device 10 so that the flap 13 moves upward and is driven. The control valve 15 may be controlled.
Further, the flap drive control unit 9B of the control device 9 controls the flap drive device 10 so that the flap 13 is driven to move upward before the pair of shells 2 are closed and the load W is scooped up. The valve 15 may be controlled.

1 Grab 1b Upper opening 1c Edge 2 Shell 10, 10A, 10B Flap drive 11, 11, A, 11B Cylinder mechanism 12, 12A, 12B Bracket 13, 13A, 13B Flap A Grab bucket W Loaded material

Claims (4)

A grab bucket having a pair of openable and closable shells constituting a grab for holding a load,
The pair of shells includes an upper opening formed in the upper part of the grab;
A flap provided so as to be able to move in and out from an edge of the upper opening,
A grab bucket, comprising: a flap driving device that causes the flap to appear and disappear.   The grab bucket according to claim 1, wherein the flap driving device drives the flap in accordance with opening and closing of the pair of shells.   The grab bucket according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flap driving device drives the flap after closing the pair of shells and scooping up the load. The flap driving device includes a cylinder mechanism for moving the flap;
A bracket that supports the cylinder mechanism and is provided outside the upper opening of the pair of shells;
The grab bucket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

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