JP2015155656A - electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump and its driving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump and its driving method capable of converting an AC power source to an AC power source of desired power so that a pump action can be freely adjusted according to a use situation even after the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump is installed.

SOLUTION: An electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump has a vibrator to which a magnet is fixed, a diaphragm disposed on at least one end portion of the vibrator, an electromagnet disposed in opposition to a magnet of the vibrator, and an AC power source for driving the electromagnet. The electric power supplied to the electromagnet of the AC power source for driving the electromagnet, is reduced to the desired electric power by supplying only a part of voltage of a half wave by every half wave of the input AC power source.

COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump that sucks and discharges fluid such as air by vibrating a vibrator having a magnet by alternating current driving of an electromagnet and vibrating diaphragms fixed to both ends of the vibrator, and It relates to the driving method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump that can easily control input power so that the output can be adjusted to a desired output even when a commercial AC power source or the like is used, and a driving method thereof.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5 which is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm pump having diaphragms on both sides, the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump is made of rubber or the like at both ends of a vibrator 51 to which two magnets 51a made of permanent magnets are fixed. The diaphragm 52 is fixed, and two electromagnets 53 are provided on both sides of the vibrator 51 so as to face the magnet 51a. In addition, a compression chamber 54, a suction chamber 55, and a discharge chamber 56 are provided on both ends of the vibrator 51 outside the diaphragm 52. A suction valve 55a is provided between the compression chamber 54 and the suction chamber 55, and when the pressure in the compression chamber 54 becomes low, fluid such as air is injected from the suction chamber 55, and the compression chamber 54 and the discharge chamber. A discharge valve 56 a is provided between the discharge chamber 56 and the discharge valve 56 a is opened to discharge fluid such as air into the discharge chamber 56 when the pressure in the compression chamber 54 increases. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  When an AC voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet 53 in the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump having this structure, magnetic lines of force are generated in the core of the electromagnet 53, and N or S magnetic poles are generated at the end of the core depending on the direction of the current. Appears. On the other hand, since the magnet 51a fixed to the vibrator 51 is a constant magnetic pole, the magnet 51a of the vibrator 51 corresponds to a change in polarity that appears at the end of the core of the electromagnet 53 due to a change in the direction of current due to alternating current. The vibrator 51 is vibrated by the suction and repulsive force. As a result, the diaphragm 52 is swung left and right in the drawing, the compression chamber 54 expands and contracts, and the fluid can be sucked and discharged continuously.

  As described above, the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump obtains the pump action by vibrating the vibrator 51 by the change in the phase of the AC power supply. In this case, when the voltage (current) of the AC power supply is large, the magnetic field generated in the core of the electromagnet also increases, and the amplitude of the diaphragm 52 also increases, so that a strong pumping action can be performed. Therefore, in the case of small pumps used for ornamental household water tanks, etc., it is designed to operate at a relatively low voltage, and when large pumps such as septic tanks and fish farms are required, a high voltage is required. It is often designed to be driven by. Of course, it is necessary to change the driving force according to the size of the pump. In this way, when an AC power supply having a different voltage depending on the application is required, for example, a transformer or the like is used so that it can be converted into a desired voltage and used even when a commercial power supply (100 V in Japan) is used. Although it is possible, it is not suitable for a pump that requires downsizing. Furthermore, it is difficult to freely adjust the drive voltage after manufacturing.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the AC voltage is rectified by a rectifier circuit 61 using a diode bridge and further converted into a direct current with reduced pulsation through a smoothing circuit 62, and the DC voltage is converted by a DC / DC conversion circuit 63. The voltage is changed to a desired voltage, and the desired DC voltage is converted into an AC by the DC / AC conversion circuit 64 and used.

JP 2008-150959 A

  However, in the voltage conversion circuit as described above, a smoothing circuit is indispensable in order to obtain a direct current, but in order to obtain a sufficient direct current by the smoothing circuit, a capacitor having a large capacity is required and a very large space is required. Become. In particular, in order to make the voltage of the power supply with a high input voltage DC, a larger capacitor is required, which occupies a much larger area. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not suitable for an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump that requires a reduction in size. On the other hand, when used in, for example, a septic tank, the septic tank is composed of a plurality of tanks (tanks), each of which requires a pump, and the function of each of the plurality of tanks is different, and the strength of the pump action is to be changed depending on the tank. There is a case. Therefore, there is a demand for an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump having a structure that can easily adjust the power of the AC power input according to the situation even after the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump is installed.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and can be used even after changing the power of the AC power input from the commercial power supply to the small pump or installing the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump. Electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump capable of converting AC voltage input to coil of electromagnet into AC voltage of desired power and driving method thereof so that pump action can be adjusted freely according to the situation The purpose is to provide.

  An electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump driving method according to the present invention includes a vibrator having a magnet fixed thereto, a diaphragm provided at at least one end of the vibrator, an electromagnet provided opposite to the magnet of the vibrator, A method of driving an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump having an input portion of an AC power source for driving an electromagnet, wherein the AC power applied to the electromagnet is part of the voltage of the half wave for each half wave of the AC power source. It is characterized in that it is reduced to a desired power by supplying only.

  In the method of supplying only a part of the half-wave voltage, the zero cross detection circuit detects the point where the voltage of the AC power supply is 0, and the time is measured by the timer circuit from the time when the point where the voltage is 0 is detected. When the first predetermined time elapses, AC power can be applied to the electromagnet, and when the second predetermined time elapses, application of AC power to the electromagnet can be stopped.

  The electric power applied to the electromagnet can be adjusted by changing the first predetermined time and / or the second predetermined time.

  An electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump according to the present invention includes a vibrator to which a magnet is fixed, a diaphragm provided at at least one end of the vibrator, an electromagnet provided to face the magnet of the vibrator, and driving the electromagnet. A zero-cross detection circuit having an input part of the alternating current power supply and a power conversion circuit for converting electric power applied from the alternating current power supply to the electromagnet, wherein the power conversion circuit detects a point where the voltage of the alternating current power supply is zero A timer circuit for measuring the time from the time point when the voltage detected by the zero cross detection circuit is 0, and an ON signal is generated at a first predetermined time sent from the timer circuit, and at a second predetermined time. A control signal generating circuit for generating an off signal; and an electric power for driving the electromagnet by applying an on signal from the control signal generating circuit and driving the electromagnet by an off signal. And a switching circuit for stopping the application.

  Specifically, the power conversion circuit further includes a rectifier circuit, and the switch circuit includes an inverter circuit (H bridge) including four transistors, and each base (gate) of the four transistors. When a control signal is input to the), an intermittent AC waveform voltage can be output by energizing only for a predetermined time.

  According to the present invention, since only a part of the AC voltage waveform of the AC power supply is applied every half wave, the drive power can be freely controlled even after the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump is installed. can do. As a result, even when ventilation of a large number of tanks (tanks) arranged in parallel in a septic tank or the like is performed by changing each pump capacity, the capacity of the pump can be adjusted in each tank (tank).

  In addition, according to the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump of the present invention, since the zero cross detection circuit and the timer circuit are provided, it is possible to freely apply a voltage from which phase to which phase of the half wave of the AC waveform. Can be set to That is, by setting which amplitude part of the half wave of the AC waveform is turned on and how long it is turned off, the voltage of the entire AC input is lowered and supplied to the electromagnet all the time. Acts similarly. As a result, the applied power can be converted without providing a circuit that requires space, such as inserting a smoothing circuit that requires a large capacitor or inserting a transformer to convert the voltage. In addition, the input power can be adjusted in a software manner, not a hardware change as in the smoothing circuit. Therefore, by providing an adjustment terminal for the set time, the capacity of the pump can be directly changed in the actual use stage.

  In addition, by using a rectifier circuit to convert alternating current to direct current and, for example, using an H-bridge type inverter circuit to return to alternating current, control of the transistor (base) of the transistor constituting the inverter circuit (gate) The on / off state of the transistor can be controlled by the signal, and it is possible to easily perform the setting of turning on only for a desired time from the phase having the desired amplitude described above and turning off the other time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram of an embodiment of a power conversion circuit used in an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump of the present invention and a diagram illustrating an example of a switch circuit thereof. It is a figure which shows the waveform in each circuit when a triac is used as a switch circuit of FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the concrete circuit which shows the power converter circuit of other embodiment of the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the waveform and control signal in each circuit of the circuit structure shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump. It is a block diagram of the voltage conversion circuit used for the conventional electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump.

  Next, an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump and a driving method thereof according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The configuration of the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump is the same as that described above with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 5, the electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump of the present invention includes a vibrator 51 to which a magnet 51 a is fixed, a diaphragm 52 provided at at least one end of the vibrator 51, and a vibration. It has an electromagnet 53 provided facing the magnet 51a of the child 51, an AC power source for driving the electromagnet 53, and a power conversion circuit 1 for converting power applied to the electromagnet 53 from the AC power source. The power conversion circuit 1 includes a zero-cross detection circuit 11 that detects a point where the voltage of the AC power supply 2 is 0, and a timer circuit 12 that measures the time from when the voltage detected by the zero-cross detection circuit 11 is 0. A control signal generation circuit 13 that generates an ON signal at a first predetermined time sent from the timer circuit 12 and generates an OFF signal at a second predetermined time, and an ON signal from the control signal generation circuit 13 The switch circuit 14 is configured to apply power for driving the electromagnet 53 by the power supply and to stop application of power for driving the electromagnet 53 by the OFF signal.

  The zero-cross detection circuit 11 is formed by, for example, a comparator that compares 0 with the reference signal, and generates a trigger signal when the AC voltage waveform passes through the zero point as shown in FIG. send. In this zero cross detection circuit 11, for example, by detecting whether the comparison with the reference signal 0 is + or-, 0 when changing from a positive phase to a negative phase and a positive phase from a negative phase are detected. It distinguishes and recognizes 0 when it changes.

  The timer circuit 12 can be configured by, for example, a timer IC, and the first predetermined time as shown in FIG. 2C with reference to the zero point signal (trigger signal) from the zero cross detection circuit 11. t1 and the second predetermined time t2 are measured, and when the respective times come, the signals are sent to the control signal generation circuit 13.

  The control signal generation circuit 13 is formed by, for example, a logic circuit, and controls the switch circuit 14 to be turned on when the first signal t1 is sent from the timer circuit 12, and the second signal t2 is sent. When received, the switch circuit 14 is driven to generate a gate signal (control signal) so that the switch circuit 14 is turned off. If the switch circuit 14 is, for example, a triac, for example, if the zero-point signal from the zero-cross detection circuit 11 is a zero signal when the alternating voltage changes from a positive phase to a negative phase, the alternating voltage is in a negative phase. Therefore, the control terminal of the triac 14a is controlled so that the diode in the reverse direction (the upper diode in the figure) toward the electromagnet 53 side in FIG. 1B is turned on. When the zero point detected by the zero-crossing detection circuit 11 is zero when changing from a negative phase to a positive phase, control is performed so that the forward diode (the lower diode in the figure) of the triac 14a is turned on. To do. When the second signal t2 is received, control is performed so that both diodes are turned off. When the switch circuit 14 is not the triac 14a, the control method is different, but the on / off concept is the same. As a result, an AC voltage is applied to the electromagnet 53 with a waveform as shown in FIG.

  As described above, the switch circuit 14 is connected between the AC power supply 2 and the coil of the electromagnet 53 using, for example, the triac 14a, and the positive phase of the AC voltage waveform is controlled by the control signal from the control signal generation circuit 13. However, it can be turned on / off by the gate signal even in the negative phase. In addition to the triac described above, the switch circuit 14 may be an H-bridge type inverter circuit as shown in an embodiment described later, for example.

  The electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump driving method of the present invention is an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump having such a structure, and the application of a voltage for driving the electromagnet 53 is performed for each half wave of the input AC power supply. The power supplied to the electromagnet 53 is adjusted to a desired power by supplying only a part of the time division (see the output waveform of the switch circuit in FIG. 2D).

  That is, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the waveform of a voltage input from an AC power supply 2 that is a commercial power supply is input as an AC waveform similar to a sine wave, as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the zero-cross detection circuit 11 detects the timing when the voltage of the AC waveform is 0, that is, when it crosses the zero point. At the timing when the zero cross is detected, a trigger signal is generated and sent to the timer circuit 12 as shown in FIG. With this trigger signal (zero cross signal) as a reference, the timer circuit 12 starts counting time, and as shown in FIG. 2C, counts a desired time, for example, t1 and t2. For example, when the times t1 and t2 have elapsed, the signals are sent to the control signal generation circuit 13 at each time point. In the control signal generation circuit 13, when a signal at time t1 is sent, a control signal for turning on the triac 14a is sent according to the phase of the AC waveform at that time, and a signal at t2 is sent from the timer circuit 12. When it comes, a signal that turns off the triac 14a is sent to the switch circuit 14 to control on / off.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 2D, the waveform of the input AC power source waveform of FIG. Will be sent to. In this way, the driving power can be freely converted by performing on / off control of the AC waveform at the timing of time with reference to the zero point.

  According to the driving method of the present invention, the voltage of the AC power supply 2 itself is not changed, but only the (t2-t1) time is used in the half-wave time t. Considering the whole of t, the applied power decreases. As for the ratio, assuming that the area of the hatched portion in FIG. 2 (d) is S1 and the area of the half wave in FIG. 2 (a) is S, the input power can be reduced at a ratio of S1 / S. These t1 and t2 can be set arbitrarily. If t1 is made small and t2 is made large, the area of S1 becomes large and the rate of reduction can be made small. Conversely, if t2 is set to a value close to t1, the area S1 becomes small and the rate of reduction becomes small. growing. If t1 is set to a position with a small amplitude close to the zero point of the zero cross, it becomes a region where the voltage of the AC power supply is small. Therefore, even if (t2-t1) is the same, the area S1 is small. That is, the electric power applied to the coil of the electromagnet becomes small. Accordingly, both t1 and t2 can be controlled, and the output of the AC power source, that is, the power applied to the coil of the electromagnet 53 can be adjusted regardless of which is controlled.

  Next, the configuration of the power conversion circuit according to the present invention will be described in a more specific second embodiment with reference to FIGS. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a rectifier circuit 15 is further added, and an example of an H-bridge type inverter circuit 14b is shown as the switch circuit 14 shown in FIG.

  The same rectifier circuit 15 as the conventional rectifier circuit shown in FIG. 6 can be used, and as shown in FIG. 3, between the two input terminals A and B, in the forward direction and the reverse direction. A pair of two diodes D1 and D2 connected in series and a pair of two diodes D3 and D4 connected in series in the reverse direction and the forward direction are connected in parallel, and two diodes connected in series are connected. It has a diode bridge structure that is connected to each connection point as an output terminal. With this configuration, for example, when the input terminal A is in a positive phase, a positive phase voltage appears at the output terminal C through the diode D1, and when the input terminal A is in a negative phase, Since a negative phase voltage appears at the output side terminal D through the diode D3 and a phase opposite to that of the terminal A appears at the input side terminal B, the terminal B is positive when the terminal A has a negative phase. In phase, a positive voltage appears at the output terminal C through the diode D2. As a result, regardless of whether the positive phase of the AC power source 2 appears at the input terminal A or the negative phase, a positive voltage appears at the output terminal C in either case, and the output terminal D Can always be negative or the same voltage with respect to the terminal C to rectify the AC voltage. This rectification is not a complete direct current, but is obtained by inverting the negative voltage waveform to the positive side and pulsating. However, since the signal processing becomes easier by making the voltage positive, the rectification is performed. However, a smoothing circuit is not necessary.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the switch circuit 14 includes a pnp transistor Q1 and an npn transistor Q3 connected in series and connected to output terminals C and D of the rectifier circuit 15, and a connection point between the two transistors Q1 and Q3. Is connected to one terminal of the coil of the electromagnet 53. Then, another pair of pnp transistor Q2 and npn transistor Q4 are connected in series, and both ends thereof are connected to the output terminals C and D of the rectifier circuit 11, and the connection point is the other terminal of the coil of the electromagnet 53. It is connected to the. A control signal is applied to the base (gate) of each of the transistors Q1 to Q4 from a control signal generation circuit (gate signal generation circuit) 13, and each transistor is turned on and off by the control signal. The direct current (pulsating flow) controlled and rectified by the rectifier circuit 15 is converted back to alternating current. Although an example of a bipolar transistor is shown, a field effect transistor operates similarly.

  The operation of the power conversion circuit 1 shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the waveform of the AC power source 2 is an AC waveform like a normal sine curve. When this AC waveform is rectified by the rectifier circuit 15, as shown in FIG. 4B, the negative waveform in FIG. 4A is folded back to the positive side. When the waveform crosses the 0 line in the waveform of FIG. 4A by the zero cross detection circuit 11, that is, when the AC waveform changes from a positive phase to a negative phase, or from a negative phase to a positive phase. Is detected and a trigger signal is generated. This is shown in FIG. 4 (c). This trigger signal is sent to the timer circuit 12, and the timer circuit 12 measures the time from when the trigger signal is output as shown in FIG. 4D, and when a predetermined time t1 has elapsed, For example, a positive signal is sent to the control signal generation circuit 13 when the time t2 elapses, for example, a negative signal.

  First, the first half-wave of FIG. 4A will be described. The control signal (gate signal) generation circuit 13 applies a gate signal for turning on these transistors to the transistors Q1 and Q4 during the times t1 and t2. send. That is, as shown in FIG. 4E, a negative gate signal is sent to the transistor Q1, which is a pnp transistor, and a positive gate signal is sent to the transistor Q4, which is an npn transistor. As a result, the transistors Q1 and Q4 are turned on, and a current flows in the direction of the arrow indicated by E in FIG. This state is the waveform shown in the first diagram of FIG. That is, the voltage of the AC power source is applied to the coil of the electromagnet 53 for only the time (t2-t1) in the entire half-wave time.

  Next, the operation at the time of the second half wave with the waveform shown in FIG. 4A will be described. In this case, the negative side waveform is rectified by the rectifier circuit 15 and inverted to the positive side. Even in this state, a trigger signal is generated when the waveform crosses the zero line by the zero cross detection circuit 11 as in the first half wave, and the timer circuit 12 similarly outputs a positive signal when the time t1 has elapsed. When the time t2 has elapsed, a negative signal is sent to the control signal generation circuit 13. Based on the signal that the time t1 has elapsed, the control signal generation circuit 13 provides the switch circuit 14 with a signal for turning on the transistor Q2 that is a pnp transistor and the transistor Q3 that is an npn transistor. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4E, a negative gate signal is sent to the base of the transistor Q2, and a positive gate signal is sent to the base of the transistor Q3. As a result, a current flows from the transistor Q2 to the transistor Q3 via the coil of the electromagnet 53, and a current flows in the direction indicated by the arrow F in FIG. The time during which the current flows is on only for the time during which the transistors Q2 and Q3 are on, that is, the time between t1 and t2. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3F, a negative output is obtained in the direction opposite to the first half wave.

  The third half-wave shown in FIG. 4A can be controlled in the same way as the first half-wave, and the fourth half-wave can be controlled in the same way as the second half-wave. By repeating this control, positive and negative voltages can be alternately supplied, and the electromagnet can be continuously driven with a predetermined voltage (power). As a result, the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm can be controlled to a desired value, and t1 and t2 can be freely set simply by changing the setting of the timer circuit 12 from the outside. The capacity of the pump can be changed as it is. Therefore, for example, depending on the state of the septic tank, the pumping capacity can be freely changed, and there is an effect that the usability is very good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power conversion circuit 2 AC power supply 11 Zero cross detection circuit 12 Timer circuit 13 Control signal generation circuit (gate signal generation circuit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 14 Switch circuit 14a Triac 14b H bridge type inverter circuit 15 Rectifier circuit 51 Vibrator 51a Magnet 52 Diaphragm 53 Electromagnet 54 Compression chamber 55 Suction chamber 56 Discharge chamber

Claims (5)

An electromagnetic wave having a vibrator to which a magnet is fixed, a diaphragm provided at at least one end of the vibrator, an electromagnet provided to face the magnet of the vibrator, and an input unit of an AC power source that drives the electromagnet A driving method of a vibration type diaphragm pump,
An alternating-current power applied to the electromagnet is reduced to a desired power by supplying only a part of the half-wave voltage for each half-wave of the AC power supply. Driving method. In the method of supplying only a part of the half-wave voltage, a zero-cross detection circuit detects a point where the voltage of the AC power supply is 0, and a time is measured by a timer circuit from the time when the voltage is detected as a zero point. 2. The electromagnetic vibration type according to claim 1, wherein application of AC power to the electromagnet is started when a first predetermined time has elapsed, and application of AC power to the electromagnet is stopped when a second predetermined time elapses. Driving method of diaphragm pump. 3. The electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump driving method according to claim 1, wherein the electric power applied to the electromagnet is adjusted by changing the first predetermined time and / or the second predetermined time. 4. A vibrator to which a magnet is fixed; a diaphragm provided at at least one end of the vibrator; an electromagnet provided opposite to the magnet of the vibrator; an input unit of an AC power source that drives the electromagnet; and the AC A power conversion circuit that converts power applied to the electromagnet from a power source,
The power conversion circuit includes a zero-cross detection circuit that detects a point where the voltage of the AC power supply is 0, a timer circuit that measures the time from when the voltage detected by the zero-cross detection circuit is 0, and the timer circuit A control signal generation circuit that generates an ON signal at a first predetermined time and a OFF signal at a second predetermined time to be sent, and power that drives the electromagnet is applied by the ON signal from the control signal generation circuit And an electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump having a switch circuit for stopping application of electric power for driving the electromagnet by an off signal. The power conversion circuit further includes a rectifier circuit, and the switch circuit is composed of an inverter circuit composed of four transistors, and is energized only for a predetermined time by inputting a control signal to the gates of the four transistors. The electromagnetic vibration type diaphragm pump according to claim 4, wherein a voltage of an intermittent AC waveform is output by performing the operation.

Images