JP2015145788A - Target for light wave measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a target for light wave measurement capable of performing light wave measurement with excellent work efficiency and capable of being manufactured at low cost.SOLUTION: A target 1 for light wave measurement collimated with a light-wave distance meter in a non-prism mode includes a target body 10 that is substantially spherical or polyhedral with an icosahedron or more and is non-prism. The substantially spherical target body can be a golf ball. The target for light wave measurement also includes a through-hole part 11 penetrating the center of the target body.

Description

  The present invention relates to an optical wave survey target, and more particularly, to an optical wave survey target collimated by a non-prism mode optical wave range finder.

  In civil engineering and construction work, in order to measure the coordinates of a certain point or to determine the positional relationship between multiple points, a light wave is emitted toward the target and the reflected light is received by a light wave rangefinder. Lightwave surveying is performed to measure the distance to a target (and horizontal and vertical angles). For example, when there are no reference points (known points) whose coordinates are known at the construction site or when the number is insufficient, light wave surveying is performed to set a new reference point (new point) based on the known points. Is called. In this case, install a light wave rangefinder at the new point, collimate the targets installed at multiple known points, and find the coordinates of the new point from the position of the new point using the positional relationship with the known point. Can be determined.

  Conventionally, a single element reflecting prism (reflecting mirror) that retroreflects a light wave with a glass corner cube is frequently used as a target for optical wave surveying. The reflecting prism is supported by a frame attached to the pole so as to be rotatable around an axis orthogonal to the axial direction of the pole (a horizontal axis when the pole is vertically set up) (for example, Patent Document 1). (Refer to FIG. 7 and the related description).

  Then, when performing optical wave surveying as described above, an operator other than the operator operating the optical wave range finder patrols a plurality of known points with a pole to which a reflecting prism is attached. Thus, while holding the pole in a vertically standing state, the horizontal angle of the reflecting prism is adjusted so that the reflecting prism faces the direction of the objective lens of the light wave rangefinder. In some cases, a tripod can be used to suspend the pole. In such a case, the pole can be rotated with respect to the tripod around the center axis of the pole, or the frame to which the reflecting prism is attached. Is rotated with respect to the pole to adjust the horizontal (left-right) angle of the reflecting prism. In addition, if there is a difference in height between the reflecting prism and the optical wave rangefinder, the reflecting prism is rotated about the horizontal axis that pivotally supports the reflecting prism with respect to the frame, and the vertical angle is adjusted. . Accordingly, there is a problem that the work of adjusting the angle of the reflecting prism is very complicated for each of a plurality of points, and the work efficiency of surveying is poor.

  Here, a method in which a reflecting prism is permanently installed at a plurality of known points may be conceived. However, even in that case, if the new point where the light wave rangefinder is installed is moved, it is necessary to readjust the angle of the reflecting prism, which is complicated and the work efficiency of the surveying is reduced. The situation of being bad is not changed.

  On the other hand, six reflective prisms of one element are combined, and even if light waves are emitted from different directions in the circumferential direction, a target that is easy to enter one of the reflective prisms and has a high degree of freedom in the direction of the reflected light waves, so-called “ There is a “360 degree prism”. If such a target is permanently installed at a plurality of known points, there is no need to perform a complicated operation of adjusting the horizontal angle of the target each time the light wave rangefinder is moved. However, since the “360 degree prism” having the above-described configuration is very expensive, it is not practical to provide a plurality of these prisms or to install them permanently outdoors. Further, the “360 degree prism” having the above configuration has a high degree of freedom in the direction in which the light wave is reflected in the horizontal direction, but it is necessary to adjust the angle in the vertical direction as in the case of the single-element reflecting prism.

JP 2008-203079 A

  Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical wave survey target that can perform optical wave survey with high work efficiency and can be manufactured at low cost.

  In order to solve the above problems, the target for optical wave surveying according to the present invention is “a target for optical wave surveying collimated with a non-prism mode optical wave rangefinder, which is a substantially spherical body or a polyhedron having more than an icosahedron. It has a non-prism target body.

  In recent years, without using a reflecting prism as a target, a light wave range finder with a non-prism mode (non-prism mode) that emits a high-intensity light wave using an object in the environment as a target and receives diffusely reflected light for measurement. A total station with a prism mode is used. The light wave survey target of the present invention is a target to be collimated in this non-prism mode.

  The material constituting the “target body” is not particularly limited, and resin, metal, or the like can be used. In the definition that the target body is “non-prism”, the “prism” refers to a polyhedron having two or more polished planes which are transparent bodies such as glass and crystal and are not parallel.

  In this configuration, since the target main body is a substantially spherical body or a polyhedron of icosahedron or more, the light wave is easily reflected regardless of the direction in which the light wave is emitted including the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. As a result, unlike conventional reflecting prisms, there is almost no need to adjust the angle toward the light wave rangefinder or readjust the angle each time the light wave rangefinder is moved. It can be performed.

  Further, since the target body of this configuration is a “non-prism”, it can be manufactured at a very low cost compared to a conventional one-element reflecting prism or a 360-degree prism in which a plurality of one-element reflecting prisms are combined. As a result, it is possible to install many lightwave surveying targets of this configuration and install them at many points at the same time, or to install them at new reference points where the coordinates are determined. Light wave survey can be performed well.

  The light wave survey target according to the present invention may be configured so that “the target body is a golf ball” in the above configuration.

  A golf ball is substantially spherical, but has a large number of dimples on the surface. The smoother the surface of the object, the higher the reflectance of the light wave. For this reason, it is considered that a person skilled in the art normally does not adopt an object having a large number of recesses on the surface as the target body. It was found that light wave surveying can be performed with high reproducibility and high accuracy.

  Therefore, by using a golf ball that is very easy to obtain as a target body, there is almost no need to adjust the angle toward the light wave rangefinder or to readjust the angle each time the lightwave rangefinder is moved. Thus, an excellent target for optical wave surveying capable of performing optical wave surveying with high work efficiency can be manufactured very easily. Further, since a golf ball is very inexpensive, the target for optical wave surveying with this configuration can be manufactured at a very low cost.

  The light wave survey target according to the present invention may be configured so that “the target body is the polyhedron having a reflection sheet attached to each surface” instead of the above configuration.

  As the “reflective sheet”, those commercially available as a reflective sheet for surveying can be used. Here, as the reflection sheet, a very fine prism (microprism) or very fine spherical glass beads are densely arranged on a resin base sheet via a metal vapor-deposited layer. A reflective sheet coated with a film can be used. Such a “reflective sheet” generally has an adhesive layer formed on the back surface, and is usually used as a simple target by directly sticking on a flat surface such as a structure. Yes.

  In this structure, since the reflection sheet is stuck on each surface of the target body which is a polyhedron of icosahedron or more, the intensity of reflected light is higher than when the reflection sheet is not stuck. As a result, even if the distance from the light wave rangefinder is increased, light wave surveying can be performed with high accuracy. Specifically, by performing surveying in the non-prism mode using the light wave surveying target of this configuration, the same distance (300 m) as in the case of surveying in the prism mode using the conventional one-element reflecting prism as a target. Surveying can be done with the above.

  In addition to the above-described configuration, the light wave survey target according to the present invention may be “further provided with a through-hole portion passing through the center of the target body”.

  Since the target for optical wave surveying of this structure has a through-hole part, it can be used by inserting a pole in this through-hole part. In this way, by setting the diameter of the through-hole part according to the diameter of the pole that has been used for surveying from the past, the lightwave surveying target of this configuration is attached to the pole already owned by the surveying worker Can be used.

  As described above, as an effect of the present invention, it is possible to provide an optical wave survey target that can perform optical wave survey with high work efficiency and can be manufactured at low cost.

It is a perspective view of the target for optical wave surveying which is the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which fixed the target for optical wave surveys of FIG. 1 to the pole, and was supported by the tripod. It is a perspective view which shows the surveying target which fixed the target for optical wave surveying of FIG. 1 to the pile. It is a perspective view of the target for optical wave surveying which is a second embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the target 1 for optical wave surveying which is 1st embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.

  The light wave survey target 1 according to the present embodiment is a light wave survey target collimated by a non-prism mode light wave range finder, and includes a substantially spherical non-prism target body 10. In this configuration, the target main body 10 is a golf ball and includes a through-hole portion 11 that passes through the center of the target main body 10.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the optical wave survey target 1 having the above configuration can be used by being fixed to a pole 80 and supported by a tripod 90. FIG. 2 illustrates a pole 80 having one end sharp and a handle on the other end. The target body 10 can be attached to the pole 80 by inserting the pole 80 into the through-hole portion 11 of the target body 10. Here, since the target body 10 which is a substantially spherical body is easily reflected regardless of the direction in which the light wave is emitted including the vertical direction, there is almost no need to adjust the height. Therefore, the target main body 10 can be fixed to the pole 80 inserted through the through-hole portion 11 by adhesion or the like.

  In this state, in the tripod 90, the pole 80 is inserted through the cylindrical portion 92 in which the upper ends of the three leg portions 91 are pivotally supported. In this way, with the pole 80 and the target body 10 (light wave survey target 1) supported by the tripod 90, the lower end of the pole 80 is adjusted to a known point. FIG. 3 illustrates a state in which alignment is performed by aligning the sharp lower end of the pole 80 with the cross marked on the upper surface of the collar 89 driven into a known point.

  As described above, when the light wave survey target 1 is installed at a plurality of known points, a light wave range finder is installed at a point (new point) for which coordinates are newly determined, and the light wave survey target 1 is collimated. , Do lightwave surveying.

  As described above, according to the target 1 for optical wave surveying of the present embodiment, since the target body 10 is a substantially spherical body, the light wave is reflected regardless of the direction in which the light wave is emitted including the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Can do. Thereby, there is almost no need to adjust the angle toward the light wave range finder or to readjust the angle each time the light wave range finder is moved, and light wave measurement can be performed with high work efficiency.

  This light wave survey target 1 has a very simple configuration and can be manufactured at low cost by using an inexpensive golf ball. Therefore, the light wave survey target 1 is provided with many light wave survey targets 1 at the same time. The light wave surveying can be performed with high work efficiency by collimating the light wave rangefinders one after another.

  Further, since the golf ball has a large number of recesses (dimples) on the surface, the inner surface of the recesses is hardly damaged. Therefore, it is considered that the light wave can be reflected with high reflectivity on the inner surface of the dimple.

  In addition, since the optical wave survey target 1 includes the through-hole portion 11, the optical wave survey target 1 can be attached to the pole 80 already owned by the survey worker.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the target body 10 of the first embodiment is fixed to the upper end of the pile 88 by driving the nail 87 into the upper surface of the pile 88 after inserting the nail 87 into the through-hole portion 11. can do. Here, the pile 88 is prismatic wood, and the center point of the target body 10 is on the central axis of the pile 88. That is, the optical wave survey target 1b in FIG. 3 includes a long bar-shaped pile 88 whose lower end is embedded in the ground, and the target main body 10 is in a state where its center point is on the central axis of the pile 88. It is fixed to the upper end of 88.

  The light wave surveying target 1b having such a configuration is permanently installed for a certain period of time by burying the lower end of the pile 88 in the ground at a new reference point whose coordinates are determined based on a plurality of known points. It can be used as a survey marker. In addition, if the lower end of the pile 88 is sharp, the pile 88 can be easily driven into the ground, and the lower end portion can be easily embedded.

  Next, the target 2 for optical wave surveying of 2nd embodiment is demonstrated using FIG.

  The light wave survey target 2 is a light wave survey target collimated by a light wave range finder in a non-prism mode, and includes a polyhedral and non-prism target main body 10b of icosahedron, each of the target main bodies 10b. A reflective sheet (not shown) is attached to the surface. FIG. 4 illustrates the case where the target body 10b is a regular icosahedron.

  The light wave survey target 2 of this configuration is provided with a through hole (not shown) like the light wave survey target 1 of the first embodiment, and a pole is inserted into the through hole and supported on a tripod. It can be fixed to the upper end surface of the pile by a nail inserted through the through hole.

  And since the target main body 10b is a polyhedron more than an icosahedron, the target 2 for optical wave surveying is easy to reflect a light wave, even if a light wave is emitted from which direction including a horizontal direction and an up-down direction. Accordingly, it is not necessary to adjust the angle toward the light wave rangefinder or to readjust the angle each time the light wave rangefinder is moved, and light wave surveying can be performed with high work efficiency. Moreover, since the reflective sheet is stuck on each surface on the surface of the target main body 10b, the light wave can be reflected with high reflectance.

  Here, the reason why the target body is a polyhedron when the target body is a polyhedron will be described. First, in consideration of the size that can be easily used as a target for light wave surveying that is actually used in surveying, the maximum value of the size of the target body is a distance L1 from the center point P of the icosahedron to each surface. The size is 20 mm. Light emitted from a direction perpendicular to one surface S1 (in the direction of arrow A in the figure) toward the icosahedron target body is reflected by the surface S1. On the other hand, light emitted from a direction parallel to the direction from the vertex of the regular icosahedron toward the center point P (the direction of arrow B in the figure) is reflected by five surfaces around the vertex. The distance from the center point P of the position where the light coming from the B direction is reflected, when considered as an average value, is the center point of the point on the surface S2 where the area of the regular pentagon viewed from the B direction is ½. It can be considered as a distance L2 from P. When L1 is 20 mm as described above, this distance L2 is about 15.3 mm.

  Accordingly, the difference L2-L1 between the distance measured when the light wave surveying target 2 is collimated from the A direction and the B direction is collimated from the B direction is 5 mm or less. This is an allowable error range. And if the number of faces (number of vertices) of the polyhedron is larger than the icosahedron, the difference in distance measured between when collimating from a direction perpendicular to a certain face and when collimating from the direction of the vertex is It is smaller than that of the regular icosahedron. Therefore, a polyhedron of icosahedron or more is suitable as the shape of the target body.

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various improvements and design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is.

  For example, the light wave reflectance can be increased by applying a light-reflective coating to the outer surface of the target body. As the light-reflective coating, for example, a coating containing a large number of extremely fine spherical glass beads can be used.

  In the above embodiment, when the pole is inserted into the through hole portion of the target body, the case where the target body is fixed to the pole by adhesion or the like is illustrated. However, the target body is slidably fixed to the pole. For this reason, it may be configured to include a fixing tool. Such a fixture includes, for example, a cylindrical body through which a pole can be inserted into a through-hole, and a screw hole in which a female screw is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. A configuration can be exemplified in which a shaft-like fixing screw having a screw formed on the outer peripheral surface is advanced and retracted in the screw hole by screwing the male screw with the female screw. Such a fixture can be fixed to the pole by advancing the fixing screw and bringing its tip into contact with the pole inserted into the through hole. You can change the height by sliding along the pole. If the fixture is inserted through the pole below the target body, the target body can be placed and held on the fixture that is fixed to the pole after adjusting the height. Thus, if the height of the target body can be adjusted via the fixture, it is suitable as a target for optical wave surveying used when the height difference from the optical wave rangefinder is large.

1, 1b, 2 Light wave survey target 10, 10b Target body 11 Through hole 80 Pole 89 ８９ 90 Tripod 91 Leg 92 Tube

Claims (4)

A light wave survey target collimated with a non-prism mode light wave rangefinder,
An optical wave survey target comprising a non-prism target body having a substantially spherical shape or an icosahedron polyhedron. The light wave survey target according to claim 1, wherein the target body is a golf ball. The target for light wave surveying according to claim 1, wherein the target body is the polyhedron having a reflection sheet attached to each surface. The light wave survey target according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a through-hole portion passing through a center of the target body.

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