JP2015132318A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reduction gear that comprises an orthogonal shaft reduction gear and a parallel shaft reduction gear and which has proper assembling workability.SOLUTION: In a reduction gear G, an orthogonal shaft reduction gear R and a parallel shaft reduction gear P are coupled together. An orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and a parallel shaft reduction gear casing 16 are coupled together via a joint plate 17. The orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing has a flange part 14A that overhangs to the outside of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing. The orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing and the joint plate are coupled together by a first bolt 71 inserted into the flange part from the side of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear and a second bolt 72 inserted into the joint plate from the side of the parallel shaft reduction gear.

Description

  The present invention relates to a reduction gear.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a reduction gear device in which an orthogonal axis reduction device having an orthogonal axis reduction device casing and a parallel axis reduction device having a parallel axis reduction device casing are connected.

  The orthogonal shaft reducer includes an orthogonal pinion shaft that is supported by a bearing in an orthogonal shaft reducer casing. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the parallel axis reducer casing are abutted and connected to each other in a direction orthogonal to the orthogonal pinion shaft.

Japanese Patent No. 4887291 (FIG. 3b)

  However, the speed reducer has a problem in that it is necessary to perform fastening work of bolts inside the orthogonal shaft reducer casing when connecting the orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the parallel shaft reducer casing, and the assembly workability is poor. It was.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a speed reducer having an assembling workability having an orthogonal shaft speed reducer and a parallel shaft speed reducer. It is said.

  The present invention is a reduction device in which an orthogonal axis reduction device having an orthogonal axis reduction device casing and a parallel axis reduction device having a parallel axis reduction device casing are connected, wherein the orthogonal axis reduction device casing and the parallel axis reduction device are connected. The machine casing is connected via a joint plate, the orthogonal shaft reducer casing has a flange portion projecting to the outside of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing, and the orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the joint plate are The above-described problem is solved by connecting the flange portion with a first bolt inserted from the orthogonal shaft reducer side and a second bolt inserted into the joint plate from the parallel shaft reducer side. .

  According to the present invention, the orthogonal shaft reducer casing has a flange portion that protrudes to the outside of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the joint plate are connected to each other by a first bolt inserted through the flange portion from the orthogonal shaft reducer side and a second bolt inserted through the joint plate from the parallel shaft reducer side.

  Thereby, since the bolt fastening work of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing and the joint plate can be performed outside the casing, the assembly workability is improved.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the reduction gear with favorable assembly workability | operativity provided with the orthogonal shaft reduction gear and the parallel shaft reduction gear can be obtained.

Front sectional view showing a configuration example of a drive device including a reduction gear according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention 1 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. FIG. 1 is a partially broken side view of the speed reducer shown in FIG. Sectional view along the IV-IV line of FIG.

  Hereinafter, a reduction gear according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing a configuration example of a drive device GM including a reduction gear G according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially broken side view of the speed reducer G viewed from the direction of arrow III in FIG. 1.

  This drive device GM is obtained by connecting a motor M and a reduction gear G via a splice unit 12. The reduction gear G includes an orthogonal axis reduction gear R and a parallel axis reduction gear P. The orthogonal shaft reducer R has an orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14, and the parallel axis reducer P has a parallel axis reducer casing 16. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 is connected to the parallel shaft reducer casing 16 via a joint plate 17.

  Hereinafter, a more specific configuration will be described.

  The joint unit 12 that connects the motor M and the speed reducer G has a first joint casing 18 and a second joint casing 19. The first joint casing 18 is connected to the motor casing 13 via bolts 39. The second joint casing 19 is connected to the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 via a bolt 46. The first joint casing 18 and the second joint casing 19 are connected via bolts 44.

  A joint shaft 22 is rotatably supported by the second joint casing 19 via a bearing 24. A part of the motor shaft 20 of the motor M is inserted into one end side of the joint shaft 22. The motor shaft 20 is connected to the joint shaft 22 via a friction clamp device 22F. A hollow portion 22A is formed at the other end of the joint shaft 22, and a part of the input shaft (orthogonal pinion shaft) 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R is press-fitted into the hollow portion 22A. 22 and the input shaft 52 are connected. Note that the connecting method of the joint shaft 22 and the input shaft 52 is not limited to press-fitting.

  The orthogonal shaft reduction gear R of the drive device GM is a reduction gear in which the input shaft 52 of the shaft center O1 and the output shaft 54 of the shaft center O2 are arranged orthogonally. In this example, the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R includes a bevel gear set 60 including a bevel pinion 56 formed on the input shaft 52 and a bevel gear 58 press-fitted on the output shaft 54.

  As described above, the input shaft 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R is connected to the joint shaft 22 by being press-fitted into the hollow portion 22A of the joint shaft 22 of the joint unit 12. The input shaft 52 is supported by the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 via a pair of tapered roller bearings (bearings that support the orthogonal pinion shaft) 62 and 63. The tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 have a function capable of receiving a thrust force in both directions applied to the input shaft 52.

  The output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reducer R is supported by the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 via a ball bearing 66 and is connected to the joint plate 17 connected to the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 via a ball bearing 68. It is supported. A hollow portion 54A is formed at the tip of the output shaft 54, and the input shaft 40 of the parallel shaft speed reducer P is press-fitted into the hollow portion 54A. Thereby, the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reducer R and the input shaft 40 of the parallel shaft reducer P are connected. In addition, the connection method of the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal axis reduction gear R and the input shaft 40 of the parallel axis reduction gear P is not limited to press-fitting.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 together, the connection structure of the orthogonal axis reduction gear R and the parallel axis reduction gear P is demonstrated in detail.

  The orthogonal shaft speed reducer R and the parallel shaft speed reducer P in the drive device GM are connected via a joint plate 17. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 has a flange portion 14A that protrudes by a dimension L1 to the outside in the radial direction of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 (the radial direction of the output shaft 54). The flange portion 14A has an outer periphery that is concentric with the axis O2 of the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R (FIGS. 3 and 4). In this embodiment, the diameter is d14A. Since the flange portion 14A projects radially outward from the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 by the dimension L1, the first bolt 71 inserted through the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 from the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R side with respect to the joint plate 17 is provided. It is possible to connect via.

  The orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 has an outer peripheral connection portion 14Q connected to the joint plate 17 together with the flange portion 14A. The outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q is configured such that a part of the outer periphery of the bearing accommodating portion 14B that accommodates the pair of tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 that support the input shaft (orthogonal pinion shaft) 52 is planarized. Specifically, the outer peripheral connection portion 14Q is a portion (axial length L2) facing a second plate portion (connection portion) 17B of the joint plate 17 described later in the cylindrical outer periphery of the bearing housing portion 14B. It is set as the structure which planarized only.

  In the present embodiment, the end surface 14P on the axial joint plate 17 side of the flange portion 14A and the outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q are formed on a flat surface that is flush with the surface. However, the end surface 14P of the flange portion 14A and the outer peripheral connection portion 14Q may not be flush with each other, and for example, there may be a step. Moreover, the outer periphery connection part 14Q should just be made into the shape which can be connected with the 2nd plate part 17B of the joint plate 17, and does not necessarily need to be comprised by the plane. This will be discussed later.

  The position where the outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q is formed in the axial direction of the input shaft 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R, that is, “from the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 supporting the input shaft 52 and the radial direction (of the input shaft 52). In other words, the “overlapping position” means that “the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 and the input shaft 52 are present, so that when the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 is connected to the joint plate 17, It can also be understood as “a position where it may be difficult to insert the first bolt 71 from the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R side”.

  On the other hand, the joint plate 17 that connects the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and the parallel shaft reduction gear casing 16 includes a first plate portion 17A and a second plate portion (connection portion) 17B. The first plate portion 17A faces the flange portion 14A of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14. The second plate portion 17B faces the outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q of the bearing housing portion 14B of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14. That is, the second plate portion 17B is separated from the first plate portion 17A (in the circumferential direction) at a position overlapping the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 that support the input shaft 52 when viewed from the radial direction (the radial direction of the input shaft 52). Only a part of the outer peripheral connecting portion 14Q is opposed to the outer peripheral connecting portion 14Q by protruding in the radial direction by L2 in a planar shape. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the joint plate 17 are connected to a plurality of (seven in the illustrated example) first bolts 71 inserted into the flange portion 14A of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 from the orthogonal shaft reducer R side. The second plate portion 17B of the plate 17 is connected by a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) second bolts 72 inserted from the parallel shaft speed reducer P side. Specifically, the first bolt 71 connects the flange portion 14 </ b> A of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the first plate portion 17 </ b> A of the joint plate 17. Further, the second bolt 72 connects the outer peripheral connecting portion 14Q formed in the bearing accommodating portion 14B of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and the second plate portion (connecting portion) 17B of the joint plate 17. In this embodiment, the second bolt 72 is disposed at a position equidistant from the pair of tapered roller bearings 62 and 63.

  A ball bearing 68 is provided on the radially inner side of the joint plate 17 to support the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft speed reducer R and to be press-fitted and connected to the hollow portion 54A of the output shaft 54. The P input shaft 40 is indirectly rotatably supported. That is, the joint plate 17 also serves as a cover for the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and also serves as a cover for the parallel shaft reducer casing 16.

  The parallel shaft reducer casing 16 of the parallel shaft reducer P includes an axial end surface 16B that faces the first plate portion 17A of the joint plate 17. The parallel shaft reducer casing 16 is inlay-fitted with a protrusion 17P formed on the joint plate 17, and is joined by a plurality of (eight in the illustrated example) third bolts 73 inserted from the orthogonal shaft reducer R side. It is connected to the plate 17. As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the third bolt 73 is disposed at the center in the circumferential direction between the first bolts 71 on the same circumference as the first bolt 71.

  The joint plate 17 is provided with a recess 17 </ b> C for accommodating the head 73 </ b> A of the third bolt 73. The concave portion 17C is closed by an axial end surface on the joint plate 17 side of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 (in this example, the axial end surface 14P of the flange portion 14A). That is, the head portion 73 </ b> A of the third bolt 73 is completely accommodated in the recess 17 </ b> C of the joint plate 17 and does not interfere with the connection between the joint plate 17 and the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14.

  The power transmission system will be described. The output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R has a hollow portion 54A at the tip. The hollow shaft 54A is press-fitted with the input shaft 40 of the parallel shaft speed reducer P and connected to the output shaft 54.

  In this embodiment, the parallel shaft speed reducer P includes an inline simple planetary gear speed reduction mechanism 45. The simple planetary gear reduction mechanism 45 includes a sun gear 30 that is integrated with the input shaft 40, a planetary gear 32 that circumscribes the sun gear 30, and an internal gear 34 that is inscribed with the planetary gear 32. The planetary gear 32 is supported at both ends by carriers 37 and 38 disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the planetary gear 32 via planetary pins 35. The carriers 37 and 38 are connected via carrier pins 36 and supported by the parallel shaft reducer casing 16 via bearings 41 and 42. The rotation of the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R is configured to be output from the carrier 38.

  In FIG. 1, reference numerals 82, 86, and 87 denote oil seals, and 88 denotes an O-ring that seals the inside of the reduction gear G.

  Next, the operation of the reduction gear G will be described.

  When the motor shaft 20 of the motor M rotates, this rotation is transmitted to the input shaft 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R of the reduction gear G via the joint shaft 22. A bevel pinion 56 is formed at the tip of the input shaft 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R, and this bevel pinion 56 meshes with a bevel gear 58 provided on the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reduction device R. As a result, a reduction corresponding to the gear ratio between the bevel pinion 56 and the bevel gear 58 is made, and the rotation direction is changed to a right angle. The thrust load generated on the input shaft 52 due to the meshing of the bevel pinion 56 and the bevel gear 58 is received by the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 via the pair of tapered roller bearings 62 and 63. On the other hand, the thrust load generated on the output shaft 54 is received by the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and the joint plate 17 via a pair of ball bearings 66 and 68.

  The output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft reducer R is connected to the input shaft 40 of the parallel shaft reducer P. For this reason, the input shaft 40 of the parallel shaft speed reducer P is rotated by the rotation of the output shaft 54 of the orthogonal shaft speed reducer R, and the sun gear 30 integrated with the input shaft 40 is rotated. The rotation of the sun gear 30 causes the simple planetary gear reduction mechanism 45 to decelerate, and the output of the reduction gear G is extracted from the carrier 38.

  Here, the orthogonal shaft reducer R of the reduction gear G includes tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 that support the input shaft (orthogonal pinion shaft) 52 of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14, and is parallel to the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14. The shaft reducer casing 16 is connected via a joint plate 17.

  The orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 has a flange portion 14A projecting to the outside of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and an outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q formed in a bearing accommodating portion 14B for accommodating the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63. The joint plate 17 has a first plate portion 17A that faces the flange portion 14A and a second plate portion 17B that faces the outer peripheral connection portion 14Q. The orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the joint plate 17 include a first bolt 71 inserted into the flange portion 14A from the orthogonal shaft reducer R side, and a second bolt inserted into the joint plate 17 from the parallel shaft reducer P side. 72.

  More specifically, in the reduction gear G, when the orthogonal axis reduction gear R and the parallel axis reduction gear P are connected, first, the parallel axis reduction gear casing 16 and the joint plate 17 are connected to the third bolt 73. Connect through. The third bolt 73 is inserted into the joint plate 17 from the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R side. Therefore, the connecting operation by the third bolt 73 can be performed from the outside of the parallel shaft reducer casing 16.

  Next, the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the joint plate 17 of the orthogonal shaft reducer R are connected to the flange portion 14A by the first bolt 71 inserted from the orthogonal shaft reducer R side. However, one of the first bolts 71 (the first bolt 71 to be disposed at the portion indicated by reference numeral 71A in FIG. 4) supports the input shaft 52 of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R or the input shaft 52. Cannot be arranged to interfere with the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63. However, this part is an important part where the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the parallel shaft reducer casing 16 are connected via the joint plate 17. That is, if the first bolt 71 is not disposed at the portion indicated by reference numeral 71A, specifically, the rotational torque and moment load generated by the orthogonal shaft reduction gear R cannot be supported, and the sealing performance of the mating surface is impaired. There is a possibility that.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 and the joint plate 17 are connected to the flange portion 14A by the first bolt 71 inserted from the orthogonal shaft reducer R side, and the joint plate 17 is connected to the parallel shaft. The second bolts 72 inserted from the reduction gear P side are connected. Since the joint plate 17 has the second plate portion 17B protruding from the first plate portion 17A, the second plate portion (instead of the first bolt 71 to be disposed at the portion indicated by reference numeral 71A). The second bolt 72 can be inserted through 17B from the parallel shaft speed reducer P side. By the second bolt 72, the second plate portion 17B of the joint plate 17 and the outer peripheral connection portion 14Q of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 are connected. As a result, all the bolt fastening operations can be performed outside the parallel shaft reducer casing 16 and the orthogonal shaft reducer casing 14 after all.

  Further, the first bolt 71 cannot be inserted by the second bolt 72 inserted through the outer peripheral coupling portion 14Q of the bearing housing portion 14B (indicated by reference numeral 71A that interferes with the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 and the input shaft 52). Also in the part, the second bolt 72 can be disposed instead of the first bolt 71, and high connection strength can be maintained. In particular, in this embodiment, since the second bolt 72 is arranged at a position equidistant from the pair of tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 that support the input shaft 52, a stronger connection is possible.

  In the above-described embodiment, the outer peripheral connecting portion 14Q of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing 14 and the second plate portion (connecting portion) 17B of the joint plate 17 are configured as a “plane”, and in the vicinity of the portion indicated by the reference numeral 71A. Only the second bolts 72 are connected. However, the shape, forming position, or forming range of the outer peripheral connecting portion 14Q and the second plate portion 17B is basically the orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the connecting plate inserted through the connecting plate from the parallel shaft reducer side. There is no particular limitation as long as it can be connected by the second bolt. For example, the outer peripheral connecting portion of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear casing may be configured as a cylindrical outer periphery, that is, a “curved surface”, instead of a “plane”. In this case, the second plate portion of the joint plate may be formed in a shape having a concave opposed curved surface along the “curved surface” of the cylindrical outer periphery. Thereby, an outer periphery connection part and a 2nd plate part can be made to oppose in a wider range, and an orthogonal axis | shaft speed reducer casing and a joint plate can be connected using more 2nd volt | bolts. That is, in this case, since the predetermined number of the first bolts can be secured in the flange portion, as a result, the number of the second bolts can be increased, so that stronger connection can be performed.

  Furthermore, the joint plate 17 does not necessarily have to overlap with the tapered roller bearings 62 and 63 in the radial direction. That is, for example, the bearing that supports the orthogonal pinion shaft may be shifted to the motor side from the joint plate. Even in this case, the existence of the orthogonal pinion axis may cause a problem that it is difficult to place the first bolt at the portion indicated by reference numeral 71A. Can be obtained.

  If necessary, the orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the joint plate can be connected to the flange portion by a first bolt inserted into the flange portion from the orthogonal shaft reducer side, and parallel to the joint plate. What is necessary is just to be a shape which can be connected by the 2nd volt | bolt inserted from the reduction gear side.

  In the above embodiment, the first bolt 71 and the third bolt 73 are alternately arranged on the same circumference. However, the first bolt and the third bolt are not necessarily on the same circumference. It is not necessary that the pitch circle is slightly shifted.

  In the above embodiment, a bevel pinion is used as the orthogonal pinion of the orthogonal shaft reduction gear, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, a hypoid pinion and a warm pinion are similarly used. It can be applied and the same effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a reduction gear having a simple planetary gear reduction mechanism has been adopted as the parallel shaft reduction gear, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, a reduction mechanism for a spur gear or a helical gear is used. It may be a speed reducer having an eccentric oscillating type planetary gear speed reducing mechanism inscribed in the internal gear while the external gear oscillates. In short, the parallel axis reduction gear according to the present invention may be “a reduction gear in which the input shaft and the output shaft are arranged in parallel (including the same axis)”.

G ... Decelerator M ... Motor P ... Parallel axis reducer R ... Orthogonal axis reducer 12 ... Joint unit 14 ... Orthogonal axis reducer casing 14A ... Flange part 14B ... Bearing housing part 14Q ... Outer peripheral coupling part 16 ... Parallel axis reducer Casing 17 ... Joint plate 17A ... First plate part 17B ... Second plate part (connecting part)
17C ... recess 52 ... input shaft (orthogonal pinion shaft)
62, 63 ... tapered roller bearing 71 ... first bolt 72 ... second bolt 73 ... third bolt

Claims (5)

A reduction gear that connects an orthogonal axis reduction gear having an orthogonal axis reduction gear casing and a parallel axis reduction gear having a parallel axis reduction gear casing,
The orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the parallel shaft reducer casing are connected via a joint plate,
The orthogonal shaft reducer casing has a flange portion that protrudes to the outside of the orthogonal shaft reducer casing,
The orthogonal shaft reducer casing and the joint plate are connected by a first bolt inserted into the flange portion from the orthogonal shaft reducer side and a second bolt inserted into the joint plate from the parallel shaft reducer side. Reducer characterized by. In claim 1,
The orthogonal shaft reducer includes an orthogonal pinion shaft supported by a bearing on the orthogonal shaft reducer casing,
The joint plate has a bearing that supports the orthogonal pinion shaft and a connecting portion that is arranged at a position overlapping the orthogonal pinion shaft as viewed from the radial direction,
The second bolt is inserted through the connecting portion. In claim 2,
The bearing for supporting the orthogonal pinion shaft is constituted by a pair of bearings, and the second bolt is arranged at a position equidistant from the pair of bearings. In any one of Claims 1-3,
The joint plate and the parallel shaft reducer casing are connected to the joint plate by a third bolt inserted from the orthogonal shaft reducer side. In claim 4,
The joint plate is provided with a recess for accommodating the head of the third bolt, and the recess is closed by the orthogonal shaft reducer casing.

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