JP2015129668A - Particle detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a maintenance work for removing foreign substances adhered to a discharge electrode.SOLUTION: The particle detection device includes a housing, a collection tube 190, a window member 113, a discharge part, a collection part, and particle detection means. The discharge part includes a needle-like electrode 140 whose tip is positioned inside the collection tube 190. In a state in which a window part 112d is closed, the window member 113 extends in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the collection tube 190 to constitute a part of the collection tube 190. In a state in which the window member 113 is moved to open the window part 112d, the tip of the needle-like electrode 140 is visible from outside the housing through the window part 112d.

Description

  The present invention relates to a particle detection device, and more particularly, to a particle detection device that detects biologically derived particles.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-506911 (Patent Document 1) is a prior document disclosing a detection system for suspended particulates equipped with an electrostatic precipitator. In the detection system for suspended particulates described in Patent Document 1, electrostatic force configured to collect particles from a gas onto a dust collection surface using the force of electrostatic charge induced on the particles. A dust collector is provided.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-065570 (Patent Document 2) is a prior document that discloses a viable count device that detects viable bacteria by a change in fluorescence luminance due to heating. In the viable cell counting device described in Patent Document 2, the light spot generated by irradiating excitation light on the filter after capturing the viable cell contacted with the fluorescein-based fluorescent reagent on the filter for collecting microorganisms. To detect. After that, quenching based on the chemical change due to heating of the fluorescent substance generated from the reagent incorporated in the living bacteria is induced, and the light spot whose brightness is lower than the brightness before heating is judged as the light spot derived from the living bacteria. ing.

Special table 2011-506911 gazette Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-065570

  When airborne particles are repeatedly collected on the collecting member by electrostatic force, the electrostatic force generated by foreign matters attached to the discharge electrode for generating the electrostatic force is reduced. In this case, the trapping efficiency of suspended particles is lowered, and the detection accuracy of biological particles is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a particle detection apparatus capable of performing maintenance to remove foreign matters attached to discharge electrodes.

  The particle detector according to the present invention is a particle detector that detects biologically derived particles. The particle detector includes a casing having an inlet and a discharge port facing the inlet, a collection cylinder positioned inside the casing and extending from the inlet side toward the discharge port, Included in the movable window member that opens and closes the window provided on the peripheral wall of the casing located parallel to the extending direction of the cylinder, and in the air that is positioned in the casing and introduced into the casing from the inlet A discharge unit that charges the particles to be collected, a collection unit that collects the particles charged by the discharge unit by electrostatic force attached to the collection member, and a biological origin contained in the particles collected by the collection unit Particle detection means for detecting the amount of particles. The discharge part includes a needle-like electrode whose tip is located inside the collection tube. The window member extends in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the collecting cylinder and constitutes a part of the collecting cylinder in a state where the window portion is closed. In a state where the window member is moved and the window portion is opened, the distal end portion of the needle-like electrode is visible through the window portion from the outside of the housing.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the particle detecting means is located in the housing and irradiates excitation light toward the particles attached to the collecting member, and is located in the housing and irradiated with the excitation light. A fluorescence detection unit that detects fluorescence emitted from the particles, a heating unit that is positioned so as to be in contact with the collection member and heats the particles attached to the collection member, and fluorescence that is detected from the particles irradiated with the excitation light Calculating means for calculating the amount of biologically-derived particles from the amount whose amount has been changed by heating of the heating unit.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the window member is provided with a sealing member that maintains light shielding and airtightness between the window member in a state where the window portion is closed and the peripheral wall portion.

  In one form of this invention, a particle | grain detection apparatus is further provided with the moving mechanism which moves a collection member. The moving mechanism positions the collecting member at the first position when the charged particles are attached to the collecting member while charging the particles by the discharge unit, and the particles attached to the collecting member are detected by the particle detecting means. In this case, the collecting member is positioned at a second position different from the first position. The moving mechanism positions the collecting member at the first position when the window is open.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, each of the housing and the window member is provided with a sliding contact portion that slides when the window portion is opened and closed.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the window member is provided with a maintenance portion that slides on the tip portion and removes foreign matters attached to the tip portion when the window member is moved to open the window portion. It has been.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform maintenance for removing foreign substances adhering to the discharge electrode.

It is a graph which shows the fluorescence intensity of the particle | grains of biological origin before a heating and after a heating. It is a graph which shows the fluorescence intensity of the dust before a heating and after a heating. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating a collection process. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the fluorescence measurement process before a heating. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating a heating process. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the fluorescence measurement process after a heating. It is a graph which shows the correlation with the increase amount of the fluorescence amount by heating, and the density | concentration of the particle | grains of biological origin. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the perspective view which looked at the particle | grain detection apparatus of FIG. 8 from another direction. It is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the fan from the particle | grain detection apparatus of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the particle | grain detection apparatus of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of a collection part and a heating part. It is a bottom view which shows the external appearance of a collection part and a heating part. It is a partial top view which shows the connection state of a collection board | substrate and a heater. It is the figure which looked at the collection board | substrate and heater of FIG. 14 from the arrow XV direction. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the attachment state of each structure of a particle | grain detection apparatus. It is the figure which looked at the particle | grain detection apparatus of FIG. 16 from the arrow XVII direction. It is a perspective view which shows the state to which the collection part and the moving mechanism were connected. It is sectional drawing which looked at the state where the collection board | substrate is located in the 1st position from the downward direction of the collection board | substrate. It is sectional drawing which looked at the state where the collection board | substrate is located in the 2nd position from the downward direction of the collection board | substrate. It is sectional drawing which looked at the state where the collection board | substrate is located in the 3rd position from the downward direction of the collection board | substrate. It is sectional drawing which looked at the state where a collection board is located in the 4th position from the lower part of a collection board. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of operation | movement of the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the window member of the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the window member of FIG. 24 from the arrow XXV direction. It is a side view which shows the particle | grain detection apparatus of the state which pulled out the window member which concerns on the embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the particle | grain detection apparatus of the state which pulled out the window member which concerns on the embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the particle | grain detection apparatus of the state which inserted the window member which concerns on the embodiment from the cover part side of the housing | casing. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the window member of the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the window member of FIG. 29 from the arrow XXX direction. It is the figure which looked at the window member of FIG. 29 from the arrow XXXI direction. It is the figure which looked at the particle | grain detection apparatus of the state which inserted the window member which concerns on the embodiment from the cover part side of the housing | casing. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the window member of the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the window member of FIG. 33 from the arrow XXXIV direction. It is the figure which looked at the window member of FIG. 33 from the arrow XXXV direction. It is the figure which looked at the particle | grain detection apparatus of the state which inserted the window member which concerns on the embodiment from the cover part side of the housing | casing.

  First, a method for detecting biologically derived particles in the particle detection apparatus of the present invention will be described. The biological particles are particles derived from organisms including microorganisms and fungi such as molds and pollen, and do not include dusts such as minerals and refined petroleum products.

  Particles floating in the air are mixed with dusts such as minerals and petroleum refined products and biological particles. In order to measure the amount of biological particles contained in the mixed particles, when the mixed particles are irradiated with ultraviolet light or blue light, the biological particles emit fluorescence. However, the mixed particles include chemical fiber dust that emits fluorescence (hereinafter also referred to as dust) in addition to biologically derived particles. Therefore, the amount of biologically derived particles cannot be measured only by detecting the fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles.

  Therefore, the present inventors have made use of the fact that the fluorescence intensity (fluorescence amount) changes when heated, and the fluorescence intensity does not change when dust such as chemical fibers is heated. A particle detection method was developed to measure the amount of particles.

  FIG. 1 is a graph showing fluorescence intensity of biological particles before and after heating. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the fluorescence intensity of the dust before and after heating. 1 and 2, the vertical axis represents the fluorescence intensity, and the horizontal axis represents the wavelength of the fluorescent light.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the biological particles, the amount of fluorescence after heating is remarkably increased in comparison with the amount of fluorescence before heating in a wide wavelength range. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, in the dust, the amount of fluorescence after heating is substantially the same as the amount of fluorescence before heating.

  Therefore, by measuring the amount of fluorescence before heating of the mixed particles and the amount of fluorescence after heating, and obtaining the difference between the amount of fluorescence before heating and the amount of fluorescence after heating, the biological particles contained in the mixed particles The amount of can be calculated.

  Hereinafter, each step of the particle detection method will be described. The particle detection method includes a step of collecting mixed particles, a step of measuring mixed particles before heating, a step of heating mixed particles, a step of measuring mixed particles after heating, and a step of calculating the amount of biological particles. including.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the collection process. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the fluorescence measurement process before heating. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the heating step. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the fluorescence measurement process after heating. FIG. 7 is a graph showing the correlation between the amount of increase in fluorescence due to heating and the concentration of biological particles. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis indicates the amount of increase in fluorescence due to heating, and the horizontal axis indicates the concentration of biological particles.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the mixed particles floating in the air are collected on a collection substrate 510 in the collection step. In this step, the collection substrate 510 is disposed to face the needle electrode 530. A DC power source 540 is connected to the collection substrate 510 and the needle electrode 530, and a potential difference is generated between the collection substrate 510 and the needle electrode 530. For example, the positive electrode of the DC power supply 540 is connected to the needle electrode 530, and the negative electrode of the DC power supply 540 is connected to the collection substrate 510.

  By driving the fan 500 positioned below the collection substrate 510, external air is introduced so as to pass through the periphery of the needle electrode 530 toward the collection substrate 510. The mixed particles 600 floating in the air are charged with a positive charge around the needle electrode 530. The collection substrate 510 has a charge opposite to that of the charged mixed particles 600. Therefore, the charged mixed particles 600 are collected by adhering to the surface of the collection substrate 510 by electrostatic force. The mixed particles 600 collected on the collection substrate 510 include biological particles 600A and dust 600B such as chemical fiber dust.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the fluorescence measurement step before heating, excitation light is irradiated from the light emitting element 550 such as a semiconductor laser toward the mixed particles 600 collected on the collection substrate 510. The fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles 600 irradiated with the excitation light is condensed by the lens 560 and received by the light receiving element 565.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the heating step, the mixed particles 600 collected on the collection substrate 510 are heated by heating the collection substrate 510 with a heater 520 attached to the lower surface of the collection substrate 510. After heating, the collection substrate 510 is air-cooled.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the fluorescence measurement step after heating, excitation light is irradiated from the light emitting element 550 toward the mixed particles 600 collected on the collection substrate 510. The fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles 600 irradiated with the excitation light is condensed by the lens 560 and received by the light receiving element 565.

  As shown in FIG. 7, based on the relationship between the increase amount ΔF of the fluorescence amount and the biological particle concentration N, the fluorescence measured in the fluorescence measurement step before heating from the fluorescence amount measured in the fluorescence measurement step after heating. From the difference ΔF1 obtained by subtracting the amount, the concentration (particles / m 3) of biological particles is calculated. Note that the correlation between the increase ΔF and the biological particle concentration N is obtained by conducting an experiment in advance.

  Hereinafter, a particle detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention that detects biologically-derived particles using the above-described particle detection method will be described. In the drawings referred to in the following embodiments, the same or corresponding members are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated. For convenience of explanation, the upper and lower expressions are used, but this is based on the referenced drawings and does not limit the configuration of the invention.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the particle detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the particle detector of FIG. 8 as seen from another direction. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a state where the fan is removed from the particle detection apparatus of FIG. FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the particle detection apparatus of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 8-11, the particle | grain detection apparatus 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention is the housing | casing 110, the collection cylinder 190, the window member 113, the exhaust means, the discharge part, and the collection part. And an irradiation unit 130, a fluorescence detection unit 160, a heating unit, a calculation unit, a moving mechanism, and a cleaning unit. The irradiation unit 130, the fluorescence detection unit 160, the heating unit, and the calculation unit are included in the particle detection unit. The particle detection means detects the amount of biologically-derived particles contained in the particles collected by the collection unit, as will be described later.

  The housing 110 includes a lid portion 111 having an introduction port 111a and a discharge port 112a facing the introduction port 111a, and includes a main body portion 112 that is combined with the lid portion 111 and has a box shape. A peripheral wall portion of the housing 110 is included in the main body portion 112.

  The case 110 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and houses a discharge part, a collection part, an irradiation part, a fluorescence detection part, a heating part, a moving mechanism, and a cleaning part. The main body 112 has an opening on the side opposite to the discharge port 112a. The lid portion 111 has a flat plate shape that closes the opening of the main body portion 112. For example, the housing 110 has a size of 60 mm × 50 mm (length and width of the lid portion 111) × 30 mm (height).

  Inside the housing 110, a collection tube 190 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the lid portion 111. The collection tube 190 is located inside the housing 110 and extends in a cylindrical shape from the introduction port 111a side toward the discharge port 112a side. Specifically, a part of the collection tube 190 is configured by an arc portion 113b of a window member 113 described later, and another part of the collection tube 190 is attached to the lid portion 111 so as to be continuous with the introduction port 111a. It is connected.

  The collection tube 190 is provided so as to surround a needle electrode 140 described later. The collection tube 190 guides the air containing the mixed particles toward the collection substrate 170 positioned facing the needle electrode 140.

  A rectangular window portion is provided on the peripheral wall portion of the housing 110 located in parallel with the extending direction of the collection tube 190. The window member 113 is configured to be movable so as to open and close the window portion. The window member 113 extends in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the collection tube 190 and constitutes a part of the collection tube 190 in a state where the window portion is closed.

  In the present embodiment, the window member 113 has a structure that can be slid and removed. The window member 113 is provided with a handle 114 that is gripped when the window member 113 is inserted and removed.

  Further, the window member 113 is provided with a packing 119 which is a sealing member that maintains light shielding and airtightness between the window member 113 in a state where the window portion is closed and the peripheral wall portion of the housing 110. The detailed configuration of the window member 113 will be described later.

  The fan 120, which is an exhaust unit, exhausts the air in the housing 110 from the exhaust port 112a. The fan 120 can be driven to rotate in the forward direction and the reverse direction. By driving the fan 120 in the forward rotation direction, the air inside the casing 110 is discharged to the outside of the casing 110 through the fan 120. By driving the fan 120 in the reverse direction, air outside the housing 110 is introduced into the housing 110 through the fan 120. The fan 120 is attached to the position of the discharge port 112a of the main body 112. Note that the exhaust unit is not necessarily provided, and the air in the housing 110 may be ventilated by natural ventilation.

  The discharge unit is located in the housing 110 and charges mixed particles contained in the air introduced into the housing 110 from the introduction port 111a by the exhaust of the fan 120. The discharge part has a high-voltage DC power supply 141 as a power supply part and a needle-like electrode 140 as a discharge electrode. The acicular electrode 140 extends from the high-voltage DC power supply 141 and reaches the inside of the collecting cylinder 190. The tip of the needle electrode 140 is located inside the collection tube 190 and extends in the axial direction of the collection tube 190.

  The positive electrode of the high voltage DC power supply 141 is connected to the needle electrode 140. Note that the negative electrode instead of the positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply 141 may be connected to the needle electrode 140. The collection substrate 170 is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC power supply 141 and a heater 180 described later, so that a potential difference is generated between the collection substrate 170 and the needle electrode 140.

  The irradiation unit 130 is located in the housing 110 and irradiates excitation light toward the mixed particles attached to the collection substrate 170. The irradiation unit 130 includes a light emitting element 131 as a light source, an element frame 132, a lens frame 133, a condenser lens 134, and a lens holder 135.

  As the light emitting element 131, a semiconductor laser, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) element, or the like is used. The light emitted from the light emitting element 131 may have a wavelength in either the ultraviolet or visible region as long as it excites biological particles to emit fluorescence.

  The fluorescence detection unit 160 is located in the housing 110 and detects fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles irradiated with excitation light. The fluorescence detection unit 160 includes a noise shield 161, an amplifier circuit 162, a light receiving element 163, a light receiving frame 164, a Fresnel lens 165, and a lens presser 166. As the light receiving element 163, a photodiode or an image sensor is used.

  The moving mechanism moves the collection substrate 170. The moving mechanism includes a motor holder 175, a rotation motor 174 as a rotation drive unit, and a motor presser 173. The rotation motor 174 is connected to the rotation base 172 of the collection unit.

  The cleaning unit removes the mixed particles that have undergone the fluorescence detection from the collection substrate 170. The cleaning unit includes a brush 150, a brush press 151, and a brush fixing unit 152. The brush 150 is sandwiched between a brush press 151 and a brush fixing portion 152 and fixed at one end. The cleaning unit is fixed to the lower surface of the high-voltage DC power supply 141.

  The brush 150 is formed from a fiber assembly. The brush 150 is formed from a fiber assembly having conductivity. The brush 150 is made of, for example, carbon fiber. The fiber aggregate forming the brush 150 preferably has a diameter of φ0.05 mm or more and φ0.2 mm or less. By using the conductive brush 150, the charge of the charged mixed particles can be removed.

  FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the collection unit and the heating unit. FIG. 13 is a bottom view showing the external appearance of the collection unit and the heating unit. FIG. 14 is a partial plan view showing a connection state between the collection substrate and the heater. FIG. 15 is a view of the collection substrate and the heater of FIG. 14 as viewed from the direction of the arrow XV.

  The collection unit has a collection substrate 170 that is a collection member, and collects the charged mixed particles by attaching them to the collection substrate 170 by electrostatic force. The collection substrate 170 is formed from a glass plate. A conductive transparent film is formed on the surface of the glass plate.

  The collection substrate 170 is not limited to glass, and may be formed of ceramic or metal. A film is not limited to a transparent film, For example, a metal film may be formed. Moreover, when the collection board | substrate 170 is formed from a metal, it is not necessary to form a film on the surface.

  The collection substrate 170 is detachably fixed on the substrate holder 171. The substrate holder 171 is connected to a rotation base 172 connected to the moving mechanism. An arm portion 176 bulges from the rotation base 172. The substrate holder 171, the rotation base 172, and the arm portion 176 are integrally formed of a resin material. The collection unit includes a substrate holder 171, a rotation base 172, and an arm unit 176.

  The collection part has an engagement hole 172a, which is an engaged part engaged with an output shaft 174a of a rotary motor 174, which will be described later, in the rotation base 172. Moreover, the collection part has the collection board | substrate 170 in the position away in radial direction centering | focusing on the engagement hole 172a.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the arm portion 176 extends in the radial direction with the engagement hole 172 a of the rotation base 172 as the rotation center. The arm portion 176 is provided at a position shifted in the circumferential direction from the substrate holder 171 around the axis of the shaft portion 172b. The arm portion 176 has a thin arm tip 176a at the tip.

  The heater 180 serving as a heating unit is positioned so as to contact the collection substrate 170 and heats the mixed particles attached to the collection substrate 170. In the present embodiment, the heater 180 is attached to the lower surface of the collection substrate 170.

  The heater 180 is a power supply wiring to the heater 180 and includes a high potential side wiring 181 and a low potential side wiring 182 through which a direct current flows, and a signal line 183 of a temperature sensor built in the heater 180. The high potential side wiring 181, the low potential side wiring 182, and the signal line 183 are connected to one end of a flexible printed wiring board 184 that is a flat wiring that can follow the rotation of the collection board 170.

  The other end of the flexible printed wiring board 184 is pulled out of the housing 110 and connected to a control unit that receives a signal from the temperature sensor and a DC power source. The surface of the flexible printed wiring board 184 is orthogonal to a plane including the radial direction with the engagement hole 172a as the rotation center.

  With this configuration, when the rotary base 172 rotates as shown by the arrow 10 in FIG. 13, the flexible printed wiring board 184 moves and deforms following the rotation, so the high potential side wiring 181 and the low potential side It can suppress that load is applied to the wiring 182 and the signal line 183.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the collection substrate 170 is electrically connected to either the high potential side wiring 181 or the low potential side wiring 182. In the present embodiment, the collection substrate 170 is connected to the low potential side wiring 182 in order to charge the collection substrate 170 to a negative charge. When the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply 141 is connected to the needle electrode 140, the collection substrate 170 is connected to the high potential side wiring 181 in order to charge the collection substrate 170 to a positive charge.

  The collection substrate 170 and the heater 180 are bonded by a conductive adhesive 185. When the collection substrate 170 is electrically connected to the low potential side wiring 182 of the heater 180 via the conductive adhesive 185, the collection substrate 170 is charged with a negative charge and between the mixed particles charged with the positive charge. Static electricity is generated.

  However, the collection substrate 170 may be fixed to the ground potential. In this case, the high potential side wiring 181 or the low potential side wiring 182 is fixed to the ground potential, and the collection substrate 170 is connected to the high potential side wiring 181 or the low potential side wiring 182 fixed to the ground potential. Also in this case, the charged mixed particles can be attached to the collection substrate 170 and collected. In this case, an alternating current may be passed through the high potential side wiring 181 and the low potential side wiring 182.

  As the conductive adhesive 185, for example, an epoxy resin adhesive manufactured by adding a noble metal powder to a one-pack type epoxy resin adhesive can be used. In the present embodiment, the collection substrate 170 and the low potential side wiring 182 are electrically connected using the conductive adhesive 185, but may be connected using, for example, solder.

  In the present embodiment, the collection substrate 170 and the low potential side wiring 182 are connected. For example, an electrode connected to the low potential side wiring 182 is provided on the surface of the heater 180, and this electrode and the collection are connected. The substrate 170 may be electrically connected by a conductive adhesive 185.

  As described above, the number of wirings can be reduced by combining the wiring for generating electrostatic force and the wiring for heating the collecting member. As a result, the wiring around the collection substrate 170 can be easily routed, and the occurrence of mixed wiring and disconnection can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, the attachment state of each component will be described. FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing an attachment state of each component of the particle detection device. FIG. 17 is a view of the particle detection device of FIG. 16 as viewed from the direction of arrow XVII.

  As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the discharge part, the irradiation part 130, the fluorescence detection part 160 and the cleaning part are attached to the lid part 111. The lid 111 is provided with a substantially rectangular parallelepiped protrusion 111b that slides with each of two protrusions 113c of a window member 113 described later when the window of the housing 110 is opened and closed.

  In the present embodiment, the moving mechanism is also attached to the lid 111. However, the moving mechanism may be attached to the main body 112. An output shaft 174 a that is an engaging portion that transmits the driving force of the rotary motor 174 protrudes below the rotary motor 174.

  The collecting part is attached to the main body part 112. Since the heater 180 that is a heating unit is attached to the lower surface of the collection substrate 170, the heater 180 is attached to the main body 112 together with the collection unit.

  FIG. 18 is a perspective view illustrating a state in which the collecting unit and the moving mechanism are connected. In FIG. 18, the housing 110 is not shown. By engaging the engagement hole 172a of the rotation base 172 and the output shaft 174a of the rotation motor 174, as shown in FIG. 18, the collection part and the moving mechanism are connected. As the rotation motor 174 is driven, the rotation base 172 rotates (forward rotation, reverse rotation) about the engagement hole 172a.

  Hereinafter, the arrangement of the components of the particle detection device and the position of the collection substrate 170 in plan view will be described.

  FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the state where the collection substrate is located at the first position, as viewed from below the collection substrate. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the state where the collection substrate is located at the second position, as viewed from below the collection substrate. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the state where the collection substrate is located at the third position, as viewed from below the collection substrate. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the state where the collection substrate is located at the fourth position, as viewed from below the collection substrate.

  As shown in FIGS. 19-22, in this embodiment, the discharge part, the fluorescence detection part, and the cleaning part are arrange | positioned along with the circumferential direction centering on the axial part 172b of the rotation base 172. As shown in FIG. Specifically, a fluorescence detection unit, a discharge unit, and a cleaning unit are arranged in order counterclockwise. The irradiation unit 130 is disposed adjacent to the fluorescence detection unit.

  The first position is the position of the collection substrate 170 when the charged particles are attached to the collection substrate 170 while charging the mixed particles by the discharge unit. The second position is the position of the collection substrate 170 when the fluorescence is detected by the fluorescence detection unit while irradiating excitation light to the mixed particles attached to the collection substrate 170 by the irradiation unit 130.

  The third position is the position of the collection substrate 170 when the cleaning unit starts removing the mixed particles on the collection substrate 170. The fourth position is the position of the collection substrate 170 when the removal of the mixed particles on the collection substrate 170 by the cleaning unit is completed. A turning range around the shaft portion 172b from the first position to the fourth position is within about 180 °.

  The collection substrate 170 is rotated by driving the rotation motor 174 to move between the first position and the second position. Further, the collection substrate 170 is rotated by driving the rotation motor 174 and moves between the second position and the third position. Further, the collection substrate 170 is rotated by driving the rotation motor 174 to move between the third position and the fourth position.

  As shown in FIGS. 19 to 22, in the main body 112, the proximity sensor 112 b and the proximity sensor 112 c are arranged on inner walls that are orthogonally adjacent to each other. Each of the proximity sensor 112 b and the proximity sensor 112 c has a pair of terminal portions extending from the inner wall of the main body portion 112 toward the inside of the main body portion 112.

  The collection part is attached to the main body part 112 so that the arm tip part 176a passes between the pair of terminal parts when the shaft part 172b is rotated about the rotation center axis. The proximity sensor 112b and the proximity sensor 112c are sensors that detect the position of the collection substrate 170 by detecting the proximity of the arm tip 176a.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the particle detection apparatus 100 in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing a flow of operations of the particle detection apparatus according to the present embodiment. In the following description, in FIGS. 19 to 22, clockwise rotation about the shaft portion 172b is referred to as normal rotation direction, and counterclockwise rotation is referred to as reverse direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 23, first, the collection substrate 170 is arranged at the first position which is the collection position. In this state, as a collection step, the fan 120 is driven in the forward rotation direction to introduce air into the housing 110 from the introduction port 111a, and the collection substrate 170 is electrically connected to the high-voltage DC power supply 141 and the heater 180. To generate a potential difference between the needle-like electrode 140 and the collection substrate 170, and charge the mixed particles floating in the air to adhere to the surface of the collection substrate 170 and collect them ( S101).

  In this embodiment, since the acicular needle-like electrode 140 is used as the discharge electrode, the charged mixed particles are irradiated on the surface of the collection substrate 170 facing the acicular electrode 140 and irradiated by the irradiation unit 130. It can be attached to a very narrow area corresponding to the area. Thereby, in the fluorescence measurement process of a post process, the fluorescence emitted from the collected mixed particles can be detected efficiently.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 23, the rotation motor 174 is driven to rotate the rotation base 172 in the forward rotation direction, and the collection substrate 170 is moved to the second position that is the fluorescence detection position (S102).

  Thereafter, as a fluorescence measurement step of the mixed particles before heating, the irradiation unit 130 irradiates the excitation light toward the mixed particles that are attached to the collection substrate 170 and collected, and the fluorescence detection unit irradiates the excitation light. Fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles is received. Thereby, the amount of fluorescence before heating of the mixed particles collected by being attached to the collection substrate 170 is measured (S103).

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 23, next, the rotation motor 174 is driven to rotate the rotation base 172 in the reverse direction, and the collection substrate 170 is moved from the second position to the first position (S104).

  Next, as a heating process, the mixed particles collected by being attached to the collection substrate 170 are heated by energizing the heater 180 to heat the collection substrate 170 (S105).

  Thereafter, the energization to the heater 180 is stopped, and the collection substrate 170 is cooled (S106). At this time, by driving the fan 120 in the reverse direction, air may be introduced into the housing 110 from the discharge port 112a to promote cooling of the collection substrate 170.

  As shown in FIGS. 20 and 23, next, the rotation motor 174 is driven to rotate the rotation base 172 in the forward rotation direction, and the collection substrate 170 is moved from the first position to the second position (S107).

  Thereafter, as a fluorescence measurement process of the mixed particles after heating, the irradiation unit 130 irradiates excitation light toward the mixed particles that are attached to the collection substrate 170 and collected, and the fluorescence detection unit irradiates excitation light. Fluorescence emitted from the mixed particles is received. Thereby, the amount of fluorescence after heating of the mixed particles collected on the collection substrate 170 is measured (S108).

  As shown in FIGS. 21 and 23, as a cleaning process, the rotation motor 174 is driven to rotate the rotation base 172 in the reverse direction, and the collection substrate 170 is moved from the second position to the third position. Further, the collection base 170 is moved from the third position to the fourth position by rotating the rotation base 172 in the reverse direction. While the collection substrate 170 moves from the third position to the fourth position, the surface of the collection substrate 170 slides with the tip of the brush 150. Thereby, the mixed particles are removed from the collection substrate 170 (S109).

  During the cleaning process, the fan 120 is driven in the forward rotation direction, and the mixed particles removed from the collection substrate 170 are discharged out of the housing 110 from the discharge port 112a. At this time, as the collection substrate 170 approaches the third position from the first position, a range in which the collection substrate 170 and the collection cylinder 190 overlap with each other decreases, and thus the opening area of the collection cylinder 190 increases. Thereby, the mixed particles can be efficiently discharged to the outside of the housing 110. On the other hand, since the opening area of the collection cylinder 190 is reduced by being shielded by the collection substrate 170 during the collection process, it is possible to reduce air introduction loss.

  In this embodiment, since the cleaning process is performed by moving the collection substrate 170 while the cleaning unit is stationary, there is no need to separately provide a moving mechanism for the cleaning unit. For this reason, size reduction and cost reduction of the particle | grain detection apparatus 100 can be achieved.

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 23, the rotation motor 174 is driven to rotate the rotation base 172 in the forward rotation direction, and the collection substrate 170 is moved from the fourth position to the first position (S110). By repeating the above steps S101 to S110, it is possible to continuously detect biological particles.

  The detection of biological particles is measured in the fluorescence measurement process before heating and the fluorescence measurement process after heating by a calculation means such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) connected to the fluorescence detection unit. This is done by calculating the amount of biologically-derived particles contained in the mixed particles from the difference from the fluorescence amount. In other words, the calculating means calculates the amount of biologically derived particles from the amount of fluorescence detected from the particles irradiated with the excitation light, which is changed by the heating of the heating unit. The calculation means may be attached to the lid 111 inside or outside the housing 110 or may be disposed outside the housing 110.

  As described above, complicated wiring is performed by electrically connecting the collection substrate 170 to the low-potential-side wiring 182 of the heater 180 and generating an electrostatic force with the charged mixed particles. The mixed particles can be collected on the collection substrate 170 and collected.

  As a result, it is possible to prevent the wiring from being mixed or disconnected due to the rotation of the collection substrate 170. Further, by using the flexible printed wiring board 184, the flexible printed wiring board 184 moves and deforms following the rotation of the rotating base 172, so that a load is applied to the wiring connected to the collection unit and the heating unit. Can be suppressed. Thus, the durability of the particle detector 100 can be improved by reducing the load on the wiring.

  In the present embodiment, the collection position (first position), the fluorescence detection position (second position), and the cleaning position (third to fourth positions) are arranged side by side on the circumference, and the collection substrate 170 is By rotating in the forward rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction, these positions are moved. With this configuration, the particle detector 100 can be downsized.

  In the present embodiment, the heating step of heating the mixed particles collected on the collection substrate 170 is the same position (first position) as the collection step of collecting the particles on the collection substrate 170 and collecting them. By implementing in, it can attain size reduction of the particle | grain detection apparatus 100. FIG.

  In this embodiment, the engaging portion of the rotary motor 174 is configured by the output shaft 174a and the engaged portion of the rotating base 172 is configured by the engaging hole 172a. You may comprise the to-be-engaged part of the rotation base 172 with an input shaft.

  The particle detection device 100 in the present embodiment may be used as a single device for detecting biological particles, or an air purifier, an air conditioner, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a vacuum cleaner, a refrigerator, a television, or the like. It may be incorporated into other household appliances.

  Hereinafter, the detailed configuration and operation of the window member of the particle detector according to the present embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the window member of the particle detector according to the present embodiment. FIG. 25 is a view of the window member of FIG. 24 as viewed from the direction of the arrow XXV. FIG. 26 is a side view showing the particle detection apparatus with the window member removed according to the present embodiment. FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing the particle detection apparatus with the window member removed according to the present embodiment. FIG. 28 is a view of the particle detection apparatus with the window member inserted according to the present embodiment as viewed from the lid side of the housing. 26 to 28, the configuration of the fan 120 and other components arranged outside the housing 110 is not shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 24 to 28, the window member 113 of the particle detector according to the present embodiment includes a base 113a, an arc 113b provided on the distal end side of the base 113a, and two protruding from the upper surface of the base 113a. And a protrusion 113c.

  In the present embodiment, the base 113a has a rectangular outer shape that is slightly smaller than the window 112d on the peripheral side wall of the housing 110 in the cross section. The arc portion 113b becomes a part of the collecting cylinder 190 in a state where the window member 113 is inserted into the window portion 112d. Specifically, the circular arc portion 113 b constitutes a portion located adjacent to the needle electrode 140 in the collection tube 190.

  As shown in FIG. 28, the two protrusions 113c are arranged in parallel to each other. The distance between the protrusions 113c is slightly longer than the length of the protrusion 111b in the longitudinal direction. In a state where the window member 113 is inserted into the window portion 112d, the protruding portion 111b is located between the two protrusions 113c. The two protrusions 113c extend so as to be orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the protrusion 111b.

  Therefore, when the window member 113 is inserted and removed to open and close the window portion 112d, the surfaces of the two protruding portions 113c facing each other slide with both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the protruding portion 111b. That is, each of the mutually opposing surfaces of the two protrusions 113c and both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the protrusion 111b are slidable contact portions. By providing these sliding contact portions, the window member 113 can be easily and stably inserted and removed.

  Note that the configuration of the sliding contact portion is not limited to the above. For example, a groove having a width slightly larger than the length in the longitudinal direction of the protruding portion 111b and extending in the extending direction of the window member 113 is provided on the upper surface of the base portion 113a. The inner wall surface of the groove may be a sliding contact portion. In this case, when the window member 113 is inserted and removed to open and close the window portion 112d, the inner wall surface of the groove and both end surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the protruding portion 111b slide.

  A handle 114 is provided on the end surface on the base side of the base 113a. A packing 119 is provided on the outer periphery on the base side of the base 113a. The packings 119 are provided in a double manner at intervals in the extending direction of the window member 113.

  As shown in FIG. 28, in a state where the window member 113 is inserted into the window portion 112d, the two packings 119 sandwich the peripheral side wall of the housing 110. Thereby, the light-shielding property and airtightness between the window member 113 in a state where the window portion is closed and the peripheral wall portion of the housing 110 can be maintained. As a result, the collection process can be performed in a state where the air flow inside the housing 110 is stabilized, and the fluorescence measurement process can be performed while suppressing the entry of external light into the housing 110. Can do.

  Note that when the window member 113 is inserted into the window portion 112d, the two packings 119 are elastically deformed. That is, the peripheral side wall of the housing 110 is interposed between the two packings 119 by slightly inserting the base end surface of the base 113a into the housing 110 and elastically deforming the outer packing 119 to the outside of the housing 110. Can be positioned. When pulling out the window member 113 from the window portion 112d, the inner packing 119 is elastically deformed inside the housing 110.

  In this embodiment, the packing 119 is used as the sealing member. However, the sealing member is not limited to the packing 119, and the light shielding property and the airtightness between the window member 113 and the peripheral wall portion of the housing 110 can be maintained. What is necessary is just a sealing member.

  As shown in FIG. 26, in a state where the window member 113 is moved to open the window 112d, the tip of the needle electrode 140 is visible from the outside of the housing 110 through the window 112d. Therefore, the maintenance which removes the foreign material adhering to the front-end | tip part of the acicular electrode 140 is attained. Specifically, the foreign matter attached to the tip of the needle electrode 140 can be removed by rubbing the tip of the needle electrode 140 with a brush or the like inserted into the window 112d from the outside of the housing 110. .

  By periodically performing the maintenance for removing the foreign matter adhering to the tip of the needle electrode 140, it is possible to maintain the collection efficiency of the suspended particles and maintain the detection accuracy of the biological particles.

  As shown in FIG. 27, the moving mechanism positions the collection substrate 170 at the first position when the window 112d is open. Thereby, it becomes possible to clean the collection board | substrate 170 with the brush etc. which inserted in the window part 112d from the outer side of the housing | casing 110. FIG. Further, the used collection substrate 170 can be removed from the substrate holder 171 and replaced with a new collection substrate 170. By periodically exchanging the collection substrate 170, it is possible to maintain high detection accuracy of biological particles.

  In the present embodiment, the window member 113 has a structure that can be slid and moved in and out, but the structure of the window member is not limited to this, and for example, the window member is attached to the peripheral wall portion of the housing by a hinge. Thus, a structure that can rotate around a hinge may be used. In this case, the window 112d is opened and closed by rotating the window member.

  Further, the shape of the handle 114 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, a lock mechanism that removably engages the handle 114 and controls the sliding movement of the window member 113 may be provided in the main body 112 of the housing 110. By providing the lock mechanism, it is possible to prevent the window member 113 from being accidentally detached during the operation of the particle detection device 100.

  Further, the position and shape of the window 112d are not limited to the above, and when the window member 113 is moved and the window 112d is opened, the tip of the needle electrode 140 is visually recognized from the outside of the housing 110 through the window 112d. The window part 112d should just be formed in the possible position and shape.

  Hereinafter, the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention is demonstrated. In addition, since the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on this embodiment differs from the particle | grain detection apparatus 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1 only in the structure of window member, description is not repeated about another structure.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing an appearance of a window member of the particle detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30 is a view of the window member of FIG. 29 as viewed from the direction of the arrow XXX. FIG. 31 is a view of the window member of FIG. 29 as viewed from the direction of arrow XXXI. FIG. 32 is a view of the particle detection apparatus with the window member according to the present embodiment viewed from the lid side of the housing. In FIG. 32, the configuration arranged outside the housing 110 such as the fan 120 is not shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 29 to 32, when the window member 113x of the particle detector according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is moved so as to open the window 112d, the tip of the needle electrode 140 is moved. A maintenance unit 118 is provided that slides on the unit and removes foreign matter adhering to the tip.

  Specifically, an extended arc portion 113d that is continuous with the arc portion 113b is provided on the distal end side of the arc portion 113b in the extending direction of the window member 113x. The extended arc portion 113d is provided only on the lower end side of the window member 113x. A part of the collecting cylinder 190 a configured by the arc part 113 b has a smaller radius than the other part of the collecting cylinder 190 a connected to the lid part 111.

  In a state where the window member 113x according to the present embodiment is inserted into the window portion 112d of the housing 110, the extended arc portion 113d extends along the collection tube 190 inside the collection tube 190 as shown in FIG. To position. A maintenance portion 118 made of a brush extending upward is provided at the tip of the extended arc portion 113d.

  The maintenance unit 118 is provided at a position where the maintenance member 118 comes into contact with the tip of the needle electrode 140 as shown by an arrow 21 when the window member 113x is pulled out from the window 112d as shown by an arrow 20 in FIG. Therefore, when the window member 113x is moved so as to open the window 112d, the maintenance unit 118 slides with the tip of the needle electrode 140 and removes the foreign matter attached to the tip. The maintenance unit 118 is not limited to a brush, and may be a rod-shaped member made of an elastic body such as rubber.

  In the particle detection device according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter attached to the tip of the needle electrode 140 can be removed by simply inserting and removing the window member 113x, and the particle detection device can be easily maintained. Further, by positioning the extended arc portion 113d along the collection cylinder 190, it is possible to suppress the suspended particle collection efficiency from being lowered by the extended arc portion 113d and the maintenance unit 118.

  Hereinafter, the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention is demonstrated. In addition, since the particle | grain detection apparatus which concerns on this embodiment differs from the particle | grain detection apparatus 100 which concerns on Embodiment 1 only in the structure of a window member and a collection cylinder, description is not repeated about another structure.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 33 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the window member of the particle detector according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 34 is a view of the window member of FIG. 33 as viewed from the direction of arrow XXXIV. FIG. 35 is a view of the window member of FIG. 33 as viewed from the direction of arrow XXXV. FIG. 36 is a view of the particle detection apparatus with the window member according to this embodiment viewed from the lid side of the housing. In FIG. 36, the configuration arranged outside the housing 110 such as the fan 120 is not shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 33 to 36, when the window member 113y is moved to open the window 112d, the tip of the needle electrode 140 is moved to the window member 113y of the particle detector according to the third embodiment of the present invention. A maintenance unit 118 is provided that slides on the unit and removes foreign matter adhering to the tip.

  Specifically, an extended arc portion 113d that is continuous with the arc portion 113b is provided on the distal end side of the arc portion 113b in the extending direction of the window member 113y. A linear portion 113e that is continuous with the extended arc portion 113d is provided on the distal end side of the extended arc portion 113d in the extending direction of the window member 113y. The straight line portion 113e extends in the extending direction of the window member 113y. The extended arc portion 113d and the straight portion 113e are provided only on the lower end side of the window member 113y.

  In a state where the window member 113y according to the present embodiment is inserted into the window portion 112d of the housing 110, as shown in FIG. 36, the extended arc portion 113d extends along the collection tube 190a inside the collection tube 190a. The tip of the straight portion 113e is located outside the collection tube 190a. A maintenance portion 118 made of a brush extending upward is provided at the tip of the straight portion 113e. The collection tube 190a according to the present embodiment is provided with a cut at a position where the straight portion 113e and the maintenance portion 118 of the window member 113y pass.

  The maintenance portion 118 is provided at a position where it comes into contact with the distal end portion of the needle electrode 140 as indicated by an arrow 21 when the window member 113y is pulled out from the window portion 112d as indicated by an arrow 20 in FIG. Therefore, when the window member 113y is moved so as to open the window 112d, the maintenance unit 118 slides on the tip of the needle electrode 140 and removes the foreign matter attached to the tip.

  In the particle detection device according to the present embodiment, the foreign matter attached to the tip of the needle electrode 140 can be removed simply by inserting and removing the window member 113y, and the particle detection device can be easily maintained.

  Further, in the state where the window member 113y is inserted into the window portion 112d of the housing 110, the maintenance unit 118 is located outside the collection tube 190a, so compared to the particle detection device according to the second embodiment, The maintenance unit 118 can prevent the floating particle collection efficiency from decreasing.

  It should be thought that embodiment disclosed this time is an illustration and restrictive at no points. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  100 particle detector, 110 housing, 111 lid, 111a inlet, 111b protrusion, 112 body, 112a outlet, 112b, 112c proximity sensor, 112d window, 113, 113x, 113y window member, 113a base, 113b Arc part, 113c Projection part, 113d Extension arc part, 113e Linear part, 114 Handle, 118 Maintenance part, 119 Packing, 120,500 Fan, 130 Irradiation part, 131,550 Light emitting element, 132 element frame, 133 Lens frame , 134 Condensing lens, 135, 166 Lens holding, 140, 530 Needle electrode, 141 High voltage DC power supply, 150 Brush, 151 Brush holding, 152 Brush fixing unit, 160 Fluorescence detection unit, 161 Noise shield, 162 Amplifying circuit, 1 3,565 light receiving element, 164 light receiving frame, 165 Fresnel lens, 170, 510 collection substrate, 171 substrate holder, 172 rotation base, 172a engagement hole, 172b shaft portion, 173 motor holder, 174 rotation motor, 174a output shaft, 175 Motor holder, 176 arm portion, 176a arm tip, 180, 520 heater, 181 high potential side wiring, 182 low potential side wiring, 183 signal line, 184 flexible printed wiring board, 185 conductive adhesive, 190, 190a Collector, 540 DC power supply, 560 lens, 600 mixed particles.

Claims (6)

A particle detection device for detecting biological particles,
A housing having an inlet and an outlet facing the inlet;
A collection cylinder located inside the housing and extending from the inlet side toward the outlet side;
A movable window member that opens and closes a window portion provided on a peripheral wall portion of the housing located in parallel with the extending direction of the collecting tube;
A discharge unit that is located in the casing and charges particles contained in the air introduced into the casing from the inlet;
A collection unit for collecting particles charged by the discharge unit by electrostatic force attached to the collection member; and
A particle detecting means for detecting the amount of biological particles contained in the particles collected by the collecting unit;
The discharge part includes a needle-like electrode whose tip is located inside the collection tube,
The window member, in a state in which the window portion is closed, extends in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the collecting cylinder and constitutes a part of the collecting cylinder,
In the state which moved the window member and opened the window part, the tip part of the acicular electrode can be visually recognized from the outside of the case through the window part. The particle detection means includes
An irradiation unit that is located in the housing and irradiates excitation light toward the particles attached to the collection member;
A fluorescence detection unit that is located within the housing and detects fluorescence emitted from the particles irradiated with the excitation light;
A heating unit that is positioned so as to contact the collecting member and that heats particles adhering to the collecting member;
The particle detection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a calculation unit that calculates an amount of biologically derived particles from an amount of fluorescence detected from the particles irradiated with the excitation light changed by heating of the heating unit.   The said window member is provided with the sealing member which maintains the light-shielding property and airtightness between the said window member and the said surrounding wall part of the state which closed the said window part. Particle detector. A moving mechanism for moving the collecting member;
The moving mechanism positions the collecting member at a first position when the charged particles are attached to the collecting member while charging the particles by the discharge unit, and the particles attached to the collecting member are moved to the particles. When the detection means detects, the collection member is positioned at a second position different from the first position,
4. The particle detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving mechanism positions the collection member at the first position when the window portion is in an open state. 5.   The particle | grain detection apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 4 with which the sliding contact part which mutually slides when opening and closing the said window part is provided in each of the said housing | casing and the said window member.   The window member is provided with a maintenance portion that slides with the tip portion to remove foreign matter attached to the tip portion when the window member is moved so as to open the window portion. Item 6. The particle detection device according to any one of Items 1 to 5.

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