JP2015129394A - Outdoor facility member, surface structure of outdoor facility member, and surface forming method for outdoor facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outdoor facility member that can exhibit the effect of cooling outside air introduced into a building, can form a cool spot lower in feeling temperature than a peripheral environment, and is easily introduced even for a detached house etc., whose space is limited, a surface structure of the outdoor facility member, and a surface forming method for the outdoor facility.SOLUTION: There are provided an outdoor facility member that constitutes an outdoor facility structure, and is characterized in having, on its surface, a hydrophilic coating material layer, a porous material layer formed of a porous material arranged on a surface of the coating material layer, and a hydrophilic part formed on a surface of the coating material layer and a surface of the porous material; a surface structure of the outdoor facility member; and a surface forming method for the outdoor facility.

Description

  The present invention relates to an exterior member that is a building material used around a building such as a house, a surface structure of the exterior member, and a method of forming a surface of the exterior member.

  Conventionally, a building such as a house may be provided with an external structure such as a fence, a gate, a fence, a handrail, and a louver, for example, around a garden or a balcony. According to these exterior structures, for example, the inside and outside of the site are separated, the line of sight from the outside is blocked, and various functions can be exhibited at the boundary between the building and the outside.

  The exterior structure described in Patent Document 1 is a louver that shields an opening of a building, and a plurality of fins are used as a building material (that is, exterior member) constituting the louver. According to such a louver, ventilation and lighting can be obtained from the gaps between the plurality of fins while being shielded from the outside by the plurality of fins.

  Moreover, the technique which comprises at least one part of the outer wall of a building with a porous wall material provided with a ventilation path and having water retention property is known (refer patent document 2). As the porous wall material, for example, brick is used, and the outer wall is configured by stacking a large number of bricks in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  According to the technique described in Patent Document 2, the entire outer wall is cooled by utilizing the vaporization of water, and further, air is supplied to the room by passing air through the air passage and humidifying and simultaneously cooling the air. I can do it.

JP 2000-110232 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-042013

  However, in recent years, from the viewpoint of energy conservation and global warming countermeasures, a comfortable living environment has been created in the building by opening the windows and doors of each room of the building and performing natural ventilation without using air conditioning equipment and ventilation equipment. There is a desire to form. Moreover, since the outside air introduced into the building is warm in summer, and the temperature rises due to the heat island phenomenon in urban areas, it may be difficult to obtain the effect of natural ventilation.

  In addition, when using a porous wall material such as a brick as in the prior art, a certain depth or more is required, and in order to use it as a wall body, a reinforcing bar for supporting the porous wall material such as a brick is required. Become. Furthermore, since the amount of water supply is large, a large water storage tank is required, which may increase both weight and volume. For this reason, in a detached house where space is limited, introducing a large and heavy member only for the purpose of evaporative cooling is a problem in space utilization.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that it can exhibit the effect of cooling the outside air introduced into the building, can form cool spots having a lower sensible temperature than the surrounding environment, and has a limited space. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exterior member, a surface structure of the exterior member, and a surface forming method of the exterior member that are easy to introduce even in a detached house.

Invention of Claim 1 is the exterior member 1 (1A), Comprising: For example, as shown in FIGS. 1-7, the exterior structure 10 is comprised,
A coating material layer 3 having hydrophobicity on the surface, and a porous material layer 4 as a whole formed by arranging a large number of porous materials 9 having water absorption on the surface of the coating material layer 3; In FIG. 1, it is characterized in that it has a minute and dot-like hydrophilic portion 8 applied to the surfaces of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9.

  Here, the coating material layer 3 continuously covers the surface of the substrate 2, but the porous material layer 4 formed by the porous material 9 is continuous on the surface of the hydrophobic coating material layer 3. Or discontinuous. Further, even if the hydrophilic portion 8 is punctiform and non-continuous, it is formed in a shape other than punctiform after being applied in a punctiform manner by spraying or the like and is continuous on the surface of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9. It may be. In particular, the hydrophilic portion 8 formed by applying to the surfaces of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9 referred to in the present application is applied to the surfaces of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9 by means such as spraying. Even if the applied part remains discontinuous with the adjacent coated part, it may be in a continuous state in contact with it, as long as at least a part of the surface of the porous material 9 appears. . In addition, when the porous material layer 4 is densely continuous on the surface of the coating material layer 3, the hydrophilic portion 8 may be formed only on the surface of the porous material 9 as a result. In general, even when the porous material 9 is disposed on the surface of the coating material layer 3 in a dense state, a gap is formed in a very small part, and the coating material layer 3 appears in the gap, and the coating material layer 3 The hydrophilic part 8 is formed in the. However, in the present invention, as a result, the case where the hydrophilic portion 8 is formed only on the surface of the porous material 9 is included, and the invention is the invention described in claim 2.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the effect of cooling the outside air introduced into the building can be exhibited, a cool spot having a lower sensible temperature than the surrounding environment can be formed, and the space is limited. Even if it is a detached house etc., there is an effect that it is easy to introduce. That is, since the porous material 9 has a large number of pores, it has a water absorption property, and when water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, the porous material layer 4 sufficiently contains water. I can do it.

  Further, since the hydrophilic portion 8 is provided on the surfaces of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9, water is easily guided to a large number of pores of the porous material 9, and a small amount of water (for example, Even in the case of slight rain), the water is reliably taken into the porous material 9 and is retained in the porous material 9.

  Further, since the base material 2 is continuously coated with the hydrophobic coating material layer 3 and the hydrophilic portion 8 is formed on the surface of the coating material layer, the porous material 9 is, for example, discontinuously coated. Even if it is disposed in the layer 3, even when water exceeding an allowable amount is supplied to one porous material 9, or even when water is supplied to portions other than the porous material 9, the water is hydrophilic. The coating material layer 3 can be easily wetted and spread through the portion 8 to reach the adjacent porous material 9, so that the entire porous material layer 4 can be sufficiently filled with sufficient water. Of course, when the porous material 9 is densely arranged on the surface of the coating material layer 3, the hydrophilic portion 8 is formed on the surface of the porous material 9. Water sequentially spreads on adjacent porous materials 9.

  For this reason, the exterior member 1 (1A) can be cooled using the vaporization heat of the water contained in the porous material layer 4, and the ambient temperature can be lowered accordingly. If the exterior structure 10 is constituted by such an exterior member 1 (1A), the effect of cooling the air around the exterior structure 10 can be exerted. Therefore, when performing natural ventilation in a building Cooled outside air can be introduced into the building.

  Therefore, even in the summer, a comfortable living environment can be formed in the building without using air conditioning equipment or a ventilator, which can contribute to energy saving and global warming countermeasures. Furthermore, it is lighter than a conventional porous wall material such as a brick and has a high degree of freedom in shape. For this reason, it can be used over a wide range, and the shape factor of the cooling surface in the space to be cooled can be increased. This makes it possible to form a cool spot (cool microclimate space) in which the perceived temperature is lower than that of the surrounding environment around a building such as a house.

  If a cool environment can be created in this way, it is expected that the staying time of people will be extended, and the operating time of air conditioning equipment will be shortened by increasing the time spent indoors and outdoors. It will be possible to contribute to global warming countermeasures.

  In addition, since the exterior member 1 (1A) includes the coating material layer 3, the porous material layer 4, and the hydrophilic portion 8, the exterior member 1 (1A) The present invention is not limited to newly manufactured members, and can be applied to existing members. That is, even with the existing exterior member 1 (1A), the exterior member 1 (1A) of the base material is provided with the coating material layer 3, the porous material layer 4, and the hydrophilic portion 8, A cooling effect can be easily obtained by including water in the porous material layer 4.

  Further, as described above, since the porous material layer 4 is formed by disposing a porous material having water absorption on the surface of the coating material layer 3, if water is supplied to the porous material layer 4. The diffusibility of water with respect to the entire exterior member 1 (1A) is improved by capillary action or the like. As a result, the porous material layer 4 can be efficiently wetted with a small amount of water, which can contribute to saving water and saving energy.

  Further, the coating material layer 3 is interposed between the base material 2 (2A) on which the coating material layer 3 is provided and the porous material layer 4, and is made hydrophilic as a whole by the hydrophilic portion 8. Therefore, for example, even if the base material 2 is hydrophobic, the porous material layer 4 can easily contain water as described above, and the cooling effect can be exhibited.

  As described above, since the water retaining property can be expressed by forming the surface property of the exterior member 1 (1A) as in the first aspect of the present invention, the structural strength of the base material 2 (2A) itself. Further, the durability can be maintained, and since only the porous material layer 4 contains water, the substrate 2 (2A) can be prevented from being damaged by freezing and thawing.

  The invention described in claim 3 relates to the surface structure of the exterior member according to the invention described in claim 1, and the invention according to claim 5 relates to the exterior structure as the invention according to claim 1. The present invention relates to a method for forming a surface of a member. The invention according to claim 4 is a person related to the surface structure of the exterior member according to the invention according to claim 2, and the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 2. It is a person related to a method of forming a surface of a certain exterior member. Therefore, the exterior members according to these inventions have the same effects as described above.

The exterior structure constituted by the exterior member according to claim 1 or 2 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the exterior member 1 (1A according to claim 1 or 2). ) In the exterior structure 10 in which a plurality of
A plurality of struts 11, 11 that are spaced apart from each other;
The plurality of struts 11, 11 are formed in a long length, are installed in the horizontal direction between the plurality of struts 11, 11, and are arranged in parallel at intervals in the vertical direction. The structural members 1... (1A...) Can be provided.

  The exterior structure 10 forms the exterior structure 10 such as a fence, a fence, and a louver by the plurality of support columns 11 and the plurality of exterior members 1... (1A...). I can do it. According to the exterior structure 10 as described above, not only the air around the exterior structure 10 can be cooled as a whole, but also the gaps (for example, the clearance S) between the plurality of exterior members 1 and 1 pass. Can cool the air.

  In addition, the plurality of exterior members 1... (1A...) Are arranged in parallel at intervals in the vertical direction, for example, the plurality of exterior members 1. Since the number of surfaces in contact with air can be increased as compared with the case where ()) is arranged in parallel without a gap, the air cooling effect can be enhanced.

  Further, if such an external structure 10 is arranged in front of or around the opening of a building window or the like, the outside air cooled in the building and the lighting are simultaneously shielded while blocking the line of sight from the outside. Can be introduced. As a result, the comfort of the living environment in the building can be further improved.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG.
You may comprise the upper surface part 5 of each said exterior member 1 ... (1A ...) inclining at a fixed angle with respect to the height direction of the said some support | pillars 11 and 11. FIG.

  3, 4, and 7, the top surface portion 5 of each of the exterior members 1... (1A...) Is in the height direction of the plurality of columns 11 and 11. On the other hand, since it is inclined at a certain angle, the water on the upper surface portion 5 can be flowed from the upper end portion in the inclination direction toward the lower end portion, and can be dripped downward.

  That is, when water is supplied to the plurality of exterior members 1 (1A ...), if water is supplied to the exterior member 1 (1A) located at the uppermost position, Water can be dripped downward. If the water dripped downward hits the lower exterior member 1 (1A), water can be supplied also to the lower exterior member 1 (1A), thereby the plurality of lower exterior members 1 (1A). Since water can be supplied sequentially to the members 1..., Water can be efficiently contained in the plurality of exterior members 1.

The exterior structure 10 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 7,
Each exterior member 1... (1A...)
The upper surface portion 5 may be integrally formed, and the side surface portion 6 may be configured to be bent downward from the lower end portion in the inclination direction of the upper surface portion 5.

  According to the exterior structure 10, the side surface portion 6 is integrally formed with the upper surface portion 5 and is folded back obliquely downward from the lower end portion in the inclination direction of the upper surface portion 5. The flowing water is transmitted downward to the side surface portion 6 and can be dropped from the lower end portion of the side surface portion 6. Thereby, the water flowing through the upper surface portion 5 of the upper exterior member 1 (1A) can be more reliably dropped onto the upper surface portion 5 of the lower exterior member 1 (1A).

The exterior structure 10 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7,
It is attached to the upper ends of the plurality of columns 11, 11, and is disposed above the outermost structural member 1 (1A) among the plurality of outer structural members 1 (1A ...). The top plate 17 is further provided,
The top plate 17 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each exterior member 1... (1A...). .. (1A...) May be configured so that the folded portion 17 a that is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the side surface portion 6 is integrally formed.

  According to the exterior structure 10, since the top plate 17 is attached to the upper ends of the plurality of columns 11, 11, the uppermost exterior member located below the top plate 17. 1 (1A) is less likely to be directly exposed to rain and solar radiation. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the plurality of exterior members 1... (1A...) Due to the weather or the like.

  The top plate 17 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each exterior member 1... (1A...). 1... (1A...) Is integrally formed with a folded portion 17 a that is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the side surface portion 6. It can flow toward you. Further, water from above the top plate 17 is transmitted downward to the folded portion 17a, and can be dropped from the lower end portion of the folded portion 17a onto the outermost structural member 1 (1A). .

  Therefore, for example, in the case of rainy weather in summer, the plurality of exterior structures 1 </ b> A (1 </ b> A...) Are suppressed by the top plate 17 while the deterioration of the plurality of exterior members 1. Water can be sufficiently contained in the members 1... (1A...).

The exterior structure 10 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 7, in the exterior structure 10.
The apparatus further comprises supply means 18 for supplying water to the plurality of exterior members 1 (1A ...),
The supply means 18 is located above the water supply source 18a and the exterior member 1 (1A) located at the uppermost position among the plurality of exterior members 1 (1A ...) from the water supply source 18a. A water supply pipe (for example, a branch pipe 18c) to be piped,
A storage portion 17c for storing the water supply pipe is provided immediately below the top plate 17,
The storage portion 17c can be configured to include an opening portion 17d that opens downward.

  According to the exterior structure 10, since the supply means 18 for supplying water to the plurality of exterior members 1 ... (1A ...) is provided, the plurality of exterior members 1, ... -Water can be easily and reliably included in (1A ...). Furthermore, water can be reliably dripped from the opening 17d in a state where the water supply pipe (for example, the branch pipe 18c) is stored in the storage part 17c provided immediately below the top plate 17. That is, it is possible to prevent the surrounding scenery from being damaged by the water supply pipe while reliably supplying water to the plurality of exterior members 1... (1A...) By the water supply pipe. .

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while being able to demonstrate the effect which cools the external air introduce | transduced in a building, it is possible to form a cool spot whose sensible temperature is lower than the surrounding environment, and also a detached house where space is limited Even if it is etc., there exists an effect that it is easy to introduce.

  Further, since the exterior member is provided with a coating material layer, a porous material layer, and a hydrophilic portion, the exterior member is not limited to a newly manufactured member, There is an effect that it can be applied to members. That is, even with an existing exterior member, the existing exterior member is provided with a coating material layer, a porous material layer, and a hydrophilic portion, and water is contained in the porous material layer. The cooling effect can be easily obtained.

It is a perspective view which shows the exterior member which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic plan view which shows the terrace in which the exterior structure based on this invention was installed. It is a sectional side view of the exterior structure shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the upper end part of the exterior structure shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the cross section of a support | pillar. It is sectional drawing which shows the other cross section of a support | pillar. It is an enlarged view which shows the other example of the upper end part of the exterior structure shown in FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an exterior member. The exterior member refers to a building material used mainly for various exterior structures around the outside of a building such as a house, but in this application includes an exterior material for a building. In addition, as these exterior structures, for example, fences, gates, fences, handrails, louvers, fences, fences, garages, garages, dirt spaces, approaches, accent walls, pergola, decks, paving materials, various columns, storerooms, etc. There are various things. Furthermore, such exterior structures include not only those installed on a site such as a garden of a building, but also balcony railings and handrails.

  The exterior member 1 of the present embodiment constitutes the exterior structure 10 as described above. The exterior member 1 includes a hydrophobic coating material layer 3 and the surface of the coating material layer 3. A surface composed of the porous material layer 4 formed by the porous material 9 disposed on the surface, and the hydrophilic layer 8 formed by applying to the surface of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9, or It is applied to the surface of the porous material 9 and the porous material layer 4 formed by the coating material layer 3 having hydrophobicity, the porous material 9 densely arranged on the surface of the coating material layer 3 And a surface composed of the hydrophilic portion 8 formed in this manner.

  The coating material layer 3 is provided on the surface of the base material 2 constituting the exterior member 1 itself. That is, the base material 2 serves as a support or a base for providing the coating material layer 3.

  Therefore, there is no limitation on whether the base material 2 is newly manufactured or existing. In other words, the exterior member 1 of the present embodiment may be newly manufactured, and the coating material layer 3, the porous material layer 4, and the hydrophilicity on the surface of the existing base material 2. The part 8 may be provided. That is, the exterior member 1 of the present embodiment can be used when the exterior structure 10 is newly installed, and can also be used during renovation.

  In the present embodiment, the base material 2 is a long extruded product made of a metal such as aluminum, and is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and a cross-sectional shape is formed in a parallelogram. . In addition, as a kind of this base material 2, not only metals, such as aluminum, but what is distribute | circulating to the market as a building material for exteriors, and all the existing products can be employ | adopted, and the shape is also limited. Is not to be done. That is, various things, such as another metal thing, a wooden thing, a resin thing, and a ceramic, can be mentioned.

  The coating material layer 3 is interposed between the base material 2 and the porous material layer 4 and has an action as an adhesive for disposing the porous material 9 on the surface of the base material 2. ing.

  The hydrophobic coating material constituting the coating material layer 3 is an exterior thin coating material E, a flexible exterior thin coating material E, an exterior thick coating material E, which is a synthetic resin emulsion-based coating material defined in JIS A 6909. In addition, it is possible to use a coating material surface having a hydrophobic property after drying, but even a general paint can be used. The presence or absence of hydrophobicity is judged to be hydrophobic when water is dripped onto the surface of the coating material that is held horizontally and the water is held in a hemisphere without being wetted and spread.

  Synthetic resin emulsions of the coating materials are acrylic ester copolymer resins, vinyl acetate resins, ethylene / vinyl acetate resins, vinyl acetate / acrylate resins, ethylene / vinyl chloride resins, silicon-modified acrylic resins, Resin emulsions such as urethane resins can be used, and if film forming conditions are met in the coating environment by adding film forming aids without adding film forming aids or having a film forming temperature lower than the construction temperature, or by adding film forming aids good. These can be used even in a cross-linked type, powder type emulsion and the like. Of these, acrylic resin emulsions such as acrylic acid ester copolymer resins are preferable because they have good coating film properties after drying the coating material. Examples of film forming aids include texanol.

  The hydrophobic coating material may contain a filler, an aggregate, and a color pigment. In addition, the filler mentioned here means that whose average particle diameter is less than 100 μm, and that whose particle size is 100 μm or more is an aggregate. In addition, a dispersant for uniformly dispersing a filler, a color pigment, and the like, an antifoaming agent for eliminating foam caused by entrainment in the coating material, an antifungal agent, and the like may be blended.

  The hydrophobic coating material is applied to the surface of the base material 2, but a sealer is applied for the purpose of ensuring adhesion with the base material 2, and the hydrophobic coating material is applied after drying. If the sealer is hydrophobic, the sealer may be used as a hydrophobic coating material. After the hydrophobic coating material is applied, the porous material 9 is pressed against the surface by spraying or the like before the surface of the coating material is dried.

  The porous material 9 is preferably a granular inorganic foamed glass, and the porous material can be one having a particle size of 4000 μm or less, and preferably 2800 μm or less in terms of handling. The granular inorganic foamed glass has a large number of pores of several μm to several tens of μm, and these pores have water absorbency in order to absorb and retain water. In addition, the water that has entered the large number of pores is retained in the pores due to the surface tension of the water, and the water that has entered these pores and the water accumulated between adjacent porous materials evaporates. At this time, the ambient temperature is lowered.

  Moreover, since the water absorption by the weight after immersion for 24 hours of the granular inorganic foam glass which is the porous material 9 becomes higher as the particle size is smaller, in order to increase the cooling efficiency in the present invention, those having a small particle size are preferable. . Commercially available granular inorganic foamed glass includes LIGHTEC GL-3 (trade name, particle size 1000 μm to 500 μm; 63.6% by weight, water absorption (% by weight by immersion for 24 hours) 55.8%, bulk specific gravity; 40, manufactured by Keiwa Furnace Co., Ltd.).

  Further, the porous material can be provided densely on the surface of the coating material layer 3, and the amount of water retained by water absorption can naturally be increased if the porous material is densely packed without a gap.

  Here, it is preferable that the surface property of the exterior member 1 is hydrophilic due to the hydrophilic portion as described above and has a large surface tension. Specifically, the contact angle θ when water is dropped on the surface of the exterior member 1 needs to be 90 degrees or less. If the contact angle θ is 90 degrees or less, it is possible to increase the apparent surface tension of the member by roughening the surface according to Wenzel theory and to improve the water diffusibility. From the viewpoint of such physical properties and design, when an aggregate having a particle size of about 0.1 to 1 mm is disposed on the surface of the member, the water is more easily spread and the cooling effect of the present invention is improved.

  The aggregate here is a porous material having micro-level pores, and is not limited to the above-mentioned granular inorganic foam glass as long as water is retained in the pores. When the water absorption rate is 10% or more, the water accumulated in the pores evaporates even after irrigation is stopped, and the evaporative cooling effect can be maintained for an arbitrary time. Further, since the water absorption rate varies depending on the porosity, the evaporative cooling effect can be adjusted by selecting a porous material having an arbitrary porosity according to the expected value of the duration of the evaporative cooling effect and disposing it in the coating material layer.

  Also, the smaller the pore diameter of the porous material, the greater the capillary force, and the larger the diameter, the smaller the capillary force.However, in order for the water accumulated in the pores to repeat evapotranspiration in an outdoor environment, the capillary force From the size, it is desirable that the pore diameter is distributed between about 1 to 100 μm.

  Further, a hydrophilic portion 8 is provided on the surface of the coating material layer 3 and on the surface of the porous material 9 disposed on the coating material layer 3, and the hydrophilic portion 8 is formed on the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9. It can be formed by spraying a hydrophilic paint on the surface. The purpose of spraying and coating is to prevent the entire porous material 9 from being covered to lose water absorption, and the surface of the porous material 9 is partially partially hydrophilic. This is because the portion 8 is provided. As long as the hydrophilic portion can be provided in a state where a point or a part of the surface of the porous material 9 appears by means other than spraying, the means for applying the hydrophilic paint is limited to spraying. I can't.

  The hydrophilic part preferably retains the hydrophilicity for a long period of time, and a hydrophilic paint that retains the hydrophilicity for a long period of time includes a photocatalyst paint. When the hydrophilic portion retains hydrophilicity for a long period of time, the cooling effect according to the present invention has durability as a result. Of course, the hydrophilic portion 8 may be formed on the coating material layer 3 on which the porous material 9 is not disposed on the surface.

  Further, the portion where the hydrophilic portion 8 is formed by the photocatalytic coating is basically the surface of the coating material layer 3 and the porous material 9. If the above-mentioned inorganic foamed glass is used for the porous material 9, The organic decomposition action does not affect the porous material, and even if the inorganic foam glass is contaminated with organic substances such as dust and exhaust gas in the air, the surface is kept clean by the organic decomposition action of the photocatalyst. At the same time, hydrophilicity is maintained. The photocatalyst paint includes, for example, a water-based paint made of photocatalytic titanium oxide as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4107512, and the commercially available photocatalyst paint includes clean magic top coat JC-500TP (trade name, manufactured by Aika Industries, Inc., titanium dioxide). -Peroxotitanic acid aqueous solution, titanium dioxide 0.8-0.9 wt%).

  According to the exterior member 1 of the present embodiment as described above, it is possible to exhibit the effect of cooling the outside air introduced into the building, and it is possible to form a cool spot having a lower sensible temperature than the surrounding environment. Furthermore, it is easy to introduce even a detached house with limited space. That is, since the porous material has a large number of pores, it has a large surface tension and water absorption. Therefore, when water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, water is sufficiently supplied to the porous material layer 4. Can be included. Thereby, the base material 2 can be cooled by utilizing the heat of vaporization of water contained in the porous material layer 4, and the ambient temperature can be lowered accordingly.

  If the exterior structure 10 is constituted by such an exterior member 1, the effect of cooling the air around the exterior structure 10 can be exerted. Therefore, when the natural ventilation is performed in the building, the exterior structure 10 is cooled. The outside air can be introduced into the building. Therefore, even in the summer, a comfortable living environment can be formed in the building without using air-conditioning equipment and ventilation devices, which can contribute to energy saving and global warming countermeasures. .

  In addition, it is lighter and more flexible in shape than conventional porous wall materials such as bricks. For this reason, it can be used over a wide range, and the shape factor of the cooling surface in the space to be cooled can be increased. This makes it possible to form a cool spot (cool microclimate space) where the perceived temperature is lower than the surrounding environment around the outside of a building such as a house.

  If you can create a cool environment around the outside like this, it is expected that the staying time on the outside of the person will be extended, and the operating time of the air conditioner will be shortened by increasing the time spent outside from the indoor, It will be possible to contribute to energy conservation and global warming countermeasures. In addition, since the surface of the exterior member 1 includes the coating material layer 3, the porous material layer 4, and the hydrophilic portion 8, the exterior member 1 is newly manufactured. The present invention is not limited to such a member, and can be applied to an existing member. That is, even with the existing exterior member 1, the coating material layer 3, the porous material layer 4, and the hydrophilic portion 8 are provided on the surface of the existing exterior member 1, and the porous material layer 4. A cooling effect can be easily obtained by adding water to the.

  Further, since the porous material layer 4 is provided with a porous material 9 having water absorbability on the surface of the coating material layer 3, if water is supplied to the porous material layer 4, it is caused by capillary action. Water diffusibility can be improved. As a result, the porous material layer 4 can be efficiently wetted with a small amount of water, which contributes to water saving and energy saving.

  Further, since the diffusibility of water is high in this way, for example, even when the porous material layer 4 of the exterior member 1 is arranged on a vertical surface, a so-called “water channel” is difficult to be formed. When the “water channel” is formed, the evaporative cooling surface is limited, the cooling effect is lowered, and the color is partially changed like rain stains. If the diffusibility is high, it is possible to prevent such partial discoloration and prevent deterioration of the landscape.

  Moreover, since the said coating material layer 3 is interposed between the said base material 2 and the said porous material layer 4, and has hydrophilicity by the hydrophilic part 8, the said base material 2 was hydrophobic, for example In addition, water can be supplied to the porous material layer 4 and a cooling effect can be exhibited. Further, since the water retention can be improved only by changing the surface properties of the exterior member 1, the structural strength and durability of the base material 2 itself are maintained, and water is contained only in the porous material layer 4. In addition, the substrate 2 can be prevented from being damaged by freezing and thawing.

  In addition, since the base material 2 can employ all existing products and building materials and exterior materials used for exteriors, the technology of the exterior member 1 can be applied to places and uses. It can be developed in various ways. For this reason, if the technique of the exterior member 1 is applied to various places and uses, the cooling area can be widened. As a result, the shape factor of the cooling surface can be increased in the space where the person stays, so that the human sensory temperature (working temperature) can be lowered. In addition, the cooling surface or the evaporative cooling surface in the present embodiment refers to a portion of the exterior member 1 where the porous material layer 4 is exposed, and a portion where the porous material layer 4 is not provided. The part where the porous material layer 4 is hidden is not applicable.

  Next, the exterior structure 10 configured using the exterior member 1 as described above will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the exterior structure 10 of the present embodiment is a rubber bar formed by arranging a plurality of exterior members 1 in parallel. The exterior structure 10 that is the louver includes the plurality of exterior members 1..., A plurality of support columns 11 and 11 that are spaced apart from each other, a plurality of brackets 16 and 16, and a ceiling. A plate 17 and water supply means 18 are provided. The exterior structure 10 that is the louver is provided on a terrace T of a building such as a house. Further, an entrance / exit window is provided on the outer wall facing the terrace T of the building.

  The plurality of exterior members 1... Are formed to be long between the plurality of support columns 11, 11, and other configurations are set in the same manner as the exterior member 1 of FIG. 1 described above. Yes. The plurality of exterior members 1 are laid horizontally and horizontally between the plurality of support pillars 11 and 11, and are arranged in parallel at intervals in the vertical direction. That is, a gap S is formed between the exterior members 1 that are adjacent in the vertical direction. The plurality of exterior members 1... Are installed on the plurality of support columns 11 so as to have the same orientation, the same angle, and the same lateral position. The plurality of exterior members 1... Are fixed to the side surface on the center side of the terrace T among the side surfaces of the plurality of columns 11, 11.

  The exterior member 1 has an upper surface portion 5, side surface portions 6, 6 a, and a lower surface portion 7 in a state of being laid between the plurality of columns 11, 11. Since the cross-sectional shape of the exterior member 1 is formed in a parallelogram shape, the upper surface portion 5 and the lower surface portion 7 are arranged in parallel to each other, the side surface portions 6 and 6a are inclined, and They are arranged parallel to each other. Of the side surface portions 6 and 6a, one side surface portion 6 is disposed on the center side of the terrace T, and the other side surface portion 6a is disposed on the column 11 side. In addition, caps (not shown) are provided at the openings at both ends in the length direction of the exterior member 1, and the openings are closed.

  Further, the plurality of support pillars 11 and 11 are arranged on the periphery of the terrace T with a space therebetween. More specifically, three pillars 11 are erected on one side of the terrace T with a space therebetween, and a pair of stanchions erected on the other side orthogonal to the one side with a space therebetween. The above-mentioned support columns 11, 11 are provided in a total of four sets. The column 11 includes a column body 12, a reinforcing core member 13, a base plate 14, and a base concrete 15.

  The column main body 12 is a portion that protrudes above the floor of the terrace T and to which the plurality of exterior members 1 are fixed. Moreover, this support | pillar main body 12 is a long extrusion molded product which consists of metals, such as aluminum, and is formed in the hollow cylinder shape. In addition, at four corners of the inner side surface of the column main body 12, screw receiving portions 12c having a substantially C-shaped cross section are integrally formed. The screw receiving portion 12c can receive and hold a screw or the like screwed into the column main body 12 from above or below. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, one of the side surfaces arranged in the direction orthogonal to the side surface on the center side of the terrace T is along the length direction of the column main body 12. Thus, a groove portion 12 a that opens toward the side of the column main body 12 is formed.

  Further, a cover 12b that closes the opening of the groove 12a is detachably attached to the groove 12a, and the cover 12b is attached to the side surface of the column main body 12 with the opening of the groove 12a closed. It is set to be flush. In addition, the said groove part 12a and the said cover 12b are provided with the nail | claw part engaged with each other. The side surface on the terrace T side of the column main body 12 has a complicated uneven shape (the side surface located at the top in FIGS. 5 and 6).

  The reinforcing core member 13 is a strip-shaped steel plate, and is inserted into the hollow portion of the column main body 12 and reinforces the column main body 12. Although not shown, the reinforcing core member 13 is set to a length such that an upper end portion of the reinforcing core member 13 is located above a top surface of a base concrete 15 described later from a base plate 14 described later. That is, if the upper end portion of the reinforcing core member 13 protrudes above the upper surface of the base concrete 15, the reinforcing effect of the column main body 12 by the reinforcing core member 13 can be easily enhanced.

  In addition, a plurality of bolt holes (not shown) are formed in the reinforcing core member 13 along the length direction of the reinforcing core member 13. Each bolt hole is formed with a female screw. Bolt insertion holes are formed at positions corresponding to the plurality of bolt holes of the reinforcing core member 13 at the bottom of the groove portion 12 a of the column main body 12. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the column main body 12 and the reinforcing core member 13 can be connected by a plurality of bolts 13a... Having male screws formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bolt shaft. The plurality of bolts 13a can be shielded by the cover 12b.

  The base plate 14 is a steel plate-like body on which the reinforcing core member 13 is integrally fixed and placed on the terrace foundation K. The base plate 14 is formed with two bolt insertion holes through which the two anchor bolts 14a, 14a protruding from the terrace foundation K are inserted, and the anchor bolts 14a inserted through these two bolt insertion holes. , 14a are screwed into nuts 14b, 14b. As a result, the base plate 14 is fixed to the terrace foundation K.

  The base concrete 15 is a concrete block body constructed on the terrace foundation K, and includes a lower end portion of the column main body 12, the reinforcing core member 13, the base plate 14, the anchor bolts 14a and 14a, and the nut 14b, 14b is buried. Further, although not shown, a floor structure such as a joist or a floor material constituting the floor of the terrace T is installed on the base concrete 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the plurality of brackets 16, 16 are attached to the plurality of exterior members 1... And support the plurality of exterior members 1. And are fixed to the side surfaces of the plurality of support columns 11 on the center side of the terrace T, respectively. That is, the plurality of exterior members 1... Are laid between the plurality of support pillars 11 and 11 via the plurality of brackets 16 and 16.

  The bracket 16 is a strip-shaped steel plate having a small thickness, and is formed in a long shape along the length direction of the support column 11 and is formed in a wave shape that repeats unevenness in the length direction of the support column 11. Yes. That is, the bracket 16 is formed by bending a steel plate into a wave shape. The bracket 16 is a flat body corresponding to a wave-shaped concave portion, and corresponds to a plurality of contact portions 16a ... And a plurality of support portions 16b to which the structural member 1 is attached.

  Among the plurality of contact portions 16a, at least a plurality of contact portions 16a are fixed to the support column 11 by screws. In this embodiment, every other screw is fixed, but considering the mounting strength of the bracket 16, the uppermost contact portion 16a and the lowermost contact portion 16a are It is assumed that screws are fixed to the column 11.

  The plurality of support portions 16b are provided between the upper contact portion 16a and the lower contact portion 16a, and are formed in a substantially triangular shape in a side view, and have an upper inclined surface. 16c and a lower inclined surface 16d. The exterior member 1 and the other side surface portion 6a are in contact with the lower inclined surface 16d, and the other side surface portion 6a and the lower inclined surface 16d are connected and fixed by a rivet 16e. It is assumed that a rivet hole through which the rivet 16e is inserted is formed in each of the other side surface portion 6a and the lower inclined surface 16d.

  The lower inclined surface 16d is formed to be longer than the upper inclined surface 16c, and the apex of the substantially triangular support portion 16d is slightly shifted upward. The angle of the lower inclined surface 16d is set to an angle corresponding to the other side surface portion 6a.

  In the plurality of exterior members 1... Installed on the plurality of brackets 16, 16 as described above, the upper surface portion 5 is inclined at a constant angle with respect to the height direction of the plurality of columns 11, 11. It has become a state. More specifically, the upper surface portion 5 is inclined so as to be lowered from the column 11 side to the center of the terrace T, and in the present embodiment, the inclination angle is set to 2 degrees.

  That is, all of the plurality of exterior members 1... Are attached to the plurality of brackets 16 and 16 so as to be inclined at the same angle. In addition, each of the lower inclined surfaces 16d is set to an angle at which the upper surface portion 5 can be inclined at a certain angle. Therefore, the water on the upper surface portion 5 can be flowed from the upper end portion in the inclination direction toward the lower end portion, and can be dropped further downward. That is, when water is supplied to the plurality of exterior members 1..., The water can be dropped downward if water is supplied to the exterior member 1 located at the uppermost position. it can. And if the water dripped below hits the lower exterior member 1, water can be supplied also to the lower exterior member 1, thereby the plurality of lower exterior members 1 and Since water can be sequentially supplied to the plurality of exterior members 1..., Water can be efficiently contained.

  Further, the plurality of exterior members 1... Installed on the plurality of brackets 16, 16 are such that the side surface portion 6 is folded back obliquely downward from the lower end portion in the inclination direction of the upper surface portion 5. It has become. That is, the side surface portion 6 is folded from the lower end portion in the inclination direction of the upper surface portion 5 toward the column 11 and is overhanged in a side view. Therefore, the water flowing through the upper surface portion 5 can be transmitted downward to the side surface portion 6 and dropped from the lower end portion of the side surface portion 6. Thereby, the water flowing through the upper surface portion 5 of the upper exterior member 1 can be more reliably dropped onto the upper surface portion 5 of the lower exterior member 1. That is, the lower end portion of the side surface portion 6 of the upper exterior member 1 is brought closer to the column 11 side of the upper surface portion 5 of the lower exterior member 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the top plate 17 is attached to the upper ends of the plurality of columns 11, 11, and is the uppermost position of the plurality of outer structure members 1. Arranged above the member 1. Further, the top plate 17 protrudes from the side surface on the terrace T side of the plurality of columns 11, 11 to the center side of the terrace T, similarly to the plurality of exterior members 1. That is, the top plate 17 is in a state of being erected between the upper ends of the plurality of support columns 11 and 11, and exhibits a roof-like function for the external structure 10 that is the louver. Can do.

  Further, the top plate 17 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each of the exterior members 1... A folded portion 17a that is inclined at substantially the same angle as the side surface portion 6 is integrally formed.

  The top plate 17 is detachable with screws so that it can be removed when maintaining a water supply source 18a described later. That is, the top plate 17 is screw-fixed to the upper end surfaces of the plurality of columns 11, 11. A screw for fixing the top plate 17 is screwed into the screw receiving portion 12 c of the support column 11. In addition, since the top plate 17 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each exterior member 1 as described above, the upper end surfaces of the plurality of columns 11, 11 are also It is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each exterior member 1. Furthermore, although both ends in the length direction of the support column 11 that is a hollow cylindrical body are open, the top plate 17 can close the opening of the upper end portion of the support column 11.

  According to the top plate 17 as described above, the outermost structural member 1 located below the top plate 17 is less likely to be directly subjected to rain or solar radiation. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the plurality of exterior members 1. Further, the top plate 17 is inclined at an angle substantially equal to the upper surface portion 5 of each of the exterior members 1... Since the folded portion 17a that is inclined at substantially the same angle as the side surface portion 6 is integrally formed, water on the top plate 17 can flow from the upper end portion in the inclination direction toward the lower end portion. Furthermore, the water from the top plate 17 can be transmitted downward to the folded portion 17a and dropped from the lower end portion of the folded portion 17a onto the outermost member 1 positioned above. Therefore, for example, in the rainy season in summer, the deterioration of the plurality of exterior members 1... Is suppressed by the top plate 17, and the plurality of exterior members 1. In contrast, water can be sufficiently contained.

  Further, below the top plate 17, it is installed and fixed between the plurality of columns 11, 11 at a height position spaced from the top plate 17 and substantially equal to the lower end portion of the folded portion 17 a. A support plate 17b is provided. The support plate 17b is formed in a substantially L shape in a side view, a vertical surface portion is in contact with the plurality of columns 11, 11 and fixed with screws, and a horizontal surface portion is formed with the plurality of columns 11, 11 Projecting toward the center of the terrace T. A space surrounded by the support plate 17b, the top plate 17 and the folded portion 17a serves as a storage portion 17c in which a branch pipe 18c of a water supply pipe which will be described later is stored. That is, the storage portion 17 c is provided directly below the top plate 17.

  The storage portion 17c includes an opening portion 17d that opens downward. The opening 17d points to a gap formed between the lower end portion of the folded portion 17a and the end portion in the protruding direction of the support plate 17b. Further, the horizontal surface portion of the support plate 17b may be configured to have a plurality of holes penetrating the horizontal surface portion in the thickness direction, such as punching metal.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 6, the supply means 18 is for supplying water to the plurality of exterior members 1..., A water supply source 18 a and the water supply source. A water supply pipe through which water supplied from 18a passes.

  The water supply source 18a points to a water tap box containing a water tap connected to the water pipe, and the water tap box is installed below the floor of the terrace T. In addition to the water spigot, a control device for controlling the opening and closing of the water spigot is housed in the water spigot box. According to such a control device, the opening and closing of the water spigot can be controlled by a timer, or can be controlled based on the surrounding environment such as temperature and humidity.

  The water supply pipe is separated from a main pipe 18b connected to the water supply source 18a and piped under the floor of the terrace T, and the main pipe 18b. A plurality of branch pipes 18c, 18c piped above the external structure member 1 that is positioned.

  The branch pipe 18c is a resin tube and has elasticity. As shown in FIG. 6, the plurality of branch pipes 18 c and 18 c are accommodated in the groove portion 12 a of the column main body 12 and are piped upward along the column 11. Further, an insertion hole (not shown) through which the branch pipe 18c can be inserted is formed in the upper end portion of the column main body 12 or the cover 12b, and the plurality of branch pipes 18c, 18c pass through the insertion hole, A pipe is provided from the groove 12a into the storage portion 17c directly below the top plate 17.

  Furthermore, a plurality of holes are formed in a portion of the branch pipe 18c that is accommodated in the accommodating portion 17c, and water is discharged from the plurality of holes.

  Although not shown, the branch pipe 18c is elastically deformed in accordance with the shape of the gap between the groove 12a and the bolt 13a when passing the portion where the bolt 13a is provided in the groove 12a. Thus, the vicinity of the bolt 13a may be passed.

  According to the supply means 18 and the top plate 17 as described above, water can be easily and reliably contained in the plurality of exterior members 1. Furthermore, water can be reliably dripped from the opening portion 17d in a state where the branch pipe 18c is stored in the storage portion 17c provided directly below the top plate 17. That is, it is possible to prevent the surrounding scenery from being damaged by the branch pipe 18c while reliably supplying water to the plurality of exterior members 1 through the branch pipe 18c.

  Next, the flow (process) until the water supplied from the supply means 18 reaches the plurality of exterior members 1...

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 6, the water supplied from the water supply source 18 a flows through the main pipe 18 b and flows into the plurality of branch pipes 18 c and 18 c along the support column 11. Ascending upward. The water that has reached the upper end of the column 11 passes through the branch pipe 18c stored in the storage portion 17c and discharges the water from the plurality of holes.

  The water discharged from the plurality of holes falls downward from the opening 17d (and the plurality of holes of the support plate 17b), and the outermost position of the plurality of exterior members 1. It falls to the upper surface portion 5 of the structural member 1.

  The water that has fallen on the upper surface portion 5 of the outermost structural member 1 located above is diffused throughout the porous material layer 4 and is sufficiently retained in the porous material layer 4. Since the water sequentially supplied from the branch pipe 18c is supplied more than the maximum water content of the outermost member 1 and the porous material layer 4 located on the uppermost side, from the upper surface portion 5 to the side surface portion 6 It travels down further. Although the porous material layer 4 on the lower surface portion 7 of the exterior member 1 contains water, the lower surface portion 7 is also set at the same inclination angle as the upper surface portion 5, so that the porous material layer The amount of water supplied in excess of the maximum water content of 4 is set to flow downward of the side surface portion 6.

  The water that has reached the lower end portion of the side surface portion 6 is dropped from the uppermost exterior member 1 to the lower exterior member 1. Thereafter, the water follows the same path and sequentially falls on the plurality of exterior members 1... To the exterior member 1 positioned at the lowest position among the plurality of exterior members 1. To reach. And the water which reached | attained the lower end part of the said side part 6 of the said lowermost exterior member 1 is dripped at the planting zone provided under the said lowermost exterior member 1, and osmose | permeates further, the lower part thereof Drained from the drain to the outside. However, the amount of water to be supplied is adjusted so as to be the minimum necessary amount by a preset water stopper opening / closing timer.

  As described above, water can be contained in the plurality of exterior members 1. According to the exterior structure 10 that is the louver of the present embodiment as described above, not only the air around the exterior structure 10 can be cooled as a whole, but also the plurality of exterior members. The air passing through the gap S between 1 and 1 can be cooled.

  Further, the plurality of exterior members 1... Are arranged in parallel with a space therebetween in the vertical direction, for example, the plurality of exterior members 1. Compared to the case, the number of surfaces in contact with air can be increased, so that the air cooling effect can be enhanced. If the exterior structure 10 that is such a louver is arranged in front of or around the opening of a building window or the like, the outside air cooled in the building while shielding the line of sight from the outside. And daylighting can be introduced simultaneously. As a result, the comfort of the living environment in the building can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the exterior structure 10 that is the louver is adopted as the exterior structure, but the present invention is not limited to this, but a fence, a gate, a fence, a handrail, a vertical louver, a fence Needless to say, it may be other exterior structures and exterior materials, such as fence, garage, garage, dirt, approach, accent wall, pergola, deck, paving material, various pillars, storage, etc.

  In the present embodiment, the exterior member 1 has a cross-sectional shape formed in a parallelogram, but is not limited thereto. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, an external member 1 </ b> A including a base material 2 </ b> A having a trapezoidal cross section may be employed, or an external member having another shape may be employed. When the louver 10A is constituted by the exterior member 1A, a plurality of brackets 160, 160 corresponding to the shape of the exterior member 1A are used. Such a bracket 160 also has a contact portion 160a to be contacted and fixed to the support column 11, and a support portion 160b to which the exterior member 1A is attached by a rivet 160c. A vertical surface is formed in accordance with the shape of the exterior member 1A.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exterior member 2 Base material 3 Coating material layer 4 Porous material layer 5 Upper surface part 6 Side surface part 7 Lower surface part 8 Hydrophilic part 9 Porous material 10 External structure 11 Support | pillar 16 Bracket 17 Top plate 18 Supply means S Clearance T Terrace

Claims (6)

A exterior member constituting the exterior structure,
Hydrophobic portions are formed on the surfaces of the coating material layer having hydrophobicity, the porous material layer formed by the porous material disposed on the surface of the coating material layer, and the surfaces of the coating material layer and the porous material. An exterior member characterized by being formed. A exterior member constituting the exterior structure,
A hydrophobic material layer on the surface, a porous material layer formed by a porous material densely disposed on the surface of the coating material layer, and a hydrophilic portion formed on the surface of the porous material The exterior member characterized by being made.   A coating layer that is provided on the surface of the exterior member constituting the exterior structure and has a hydrophobic property; a porous material layer formed by a porous material disposed on the surface of the coating material layer; A surface structure of an external member comprising a material layer and a hydrophilic portion formed by applying to a surface of a porous material.   A porous material layer formed by a hydrophobic coating material layer provided on the surface of the exterior member constituting the exterior structure and a porous material densely arranged on the surface of the coating material layer And a surface structure of the exterior member, characterized by comprising a hydrophilic portion formed by applying to the surface of the porous material.   A hydrophobic coating material layer is applied to the surface of the exterior member constituting the exterior structure, a porous material is disposed on the surface of the coating material layer, and the coating material layer and the surface of the porous material are disposed on the surface of the coating material layer. A method for forming a surface of an exterior member, wherein a hydrophilic portion is formed by applying a hydrophilic paint.   The coating material layer having hydrophobicity is applied to the surface of the exterior member constituting the exterior structure, and the porous material is densely disposed on the surface of the coating material layer. The coating material layer and the porous material A surface forming method for an exterior member, characterized in that a hydrophilic portion is formed by applying a hydrophilic paint to the surface of the outer member.

Images