JP2015124588A - Ladder support mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ladder support mechanism capable of remarkably improving safety in going up and down a ladder, by stably resting the ladder at un upper part and a lower part thereof against an object and the ground or the like to be supported by the object and the ground or the like.SOLUTION: In a ladder support mechanism 1, a two-stage ladder 2 of extending an upper ladder 7 from a lower ladder 6 is rested against eaves 4 of a building. The two-stage ladder 2 connects one side ends of first fixing ropes 13 to both-side columns 8 of the lowest rung 9 of the lower ladder 6, and connects the another side ends to columns 14 of the building. One side ends of second fixing ropes 19 are connected to both-side columns 10 in the lower side vicinity of the eaves 4, of the upper ladder 7, and the another end sides are connected to both-side columns 14. A base-attaching rope of a safety block 22 is installed on the upper end columns 10 of the two-stage ladder 2. The safety block 22 comprises a deliverable strap, a shock absorber connected to the strap and a hook 26 with a swivel provided in the shock absorber.

Description

  The present invention relates to a support mechanism for a ladder, for example, which allows an operator to safely raise and lower the ladder.

  At construction sites and the like, workers fall from high places every year, and there are many accidents caused by the fall of workers and crashes from ladders leaning against structures. As a means for preventing the worker from falling from the ladder, other workers generally support the lower part of the ladder, but it is unstable because it depends on human power. In addition, when an operator ascends the ladder upward, other workers often support the ladder, but when an operator descends the ladder downward, there may be no supporter. An operator sometimes lost the balance and the ladder collapsed and crashed.

In addition, when work on the roof is scheduled, it is necessary to take measures to prevent a crash from falling from the roof (for example, to establish a lifeline), but safety measures are insufficient when taking such measures. There was a case where a disaster occurred.
In addition, when disaster prevention measures are effective and disaster victims can be protected from crashes, immediate rescue from high places is necessary. There was no way to bring the victims down to the ground safely and easily. Therefore, until now, there has been no choice but to wait for the rescue of the fire brigade. For this reason, the victims who were left at high altitudes could not avoid the physical burden for a long time, and sometimes it was difficult to rescue them.

On the other hand, for example, in the fall prevention device described in Patent Document 1, a technique has been proposed in which an open leg member and an opening stopper are attached to the lower part of the ladder and a hook is provided at the upper end to prevent the ladder from falling over. .
In addition, a safety device is movably attached to the upper ladder column and the lower ladder column, and if the operator falls from the ladder, the lever of the safety device collapses, so that the lever claw part against the ladder column The angle changes and it engages with the ladder column, and it is said that it can prevent the accident of the worker who is connected with the safety device by the rope.

JP-A-7-158367

However, the crash prevention device described in Patent Document 1 described above may not have a portion for hooking the hook on the upper part of the structure. In this case, the fall prevention device is installed only at the lower part of the ladder. When an operator lifts and lowers the top ladder of the two-step ladder, sufficient prevention of the crash could not be achieved.
In addition, when the worker falls from the ladder, it is supported in a suspended state by a safety device via a rope, but when the safety device stops falling, the shock may be applied to the worker's body and damage the worker. there were.
In addition, there has never been a proposal for safety measures until the establishment of safety measures when working on the roof.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and a ladder capable of dramatically improving safety during ascending / descending by being able to stably support the ladder from the upper part to the lower part thereof. An object is to provide a support mechanism.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a ladder support mechanism that can protect a crash even if an operator falls from the ladder and can also be used as a foundation facility for the subsequent rescue, while mitigating the impact. Is to provide.

The ladder support mechanism according to the present invention connects the lower part of the ladder on both sides of the ladder and the fixed objects on the both sides of the ladder with the first fixing ropes, and stands the ladder. The pillars on both sides of the ladder in the vicinity of the lower part of the contact point with the target object and the fixed object are respectively connected by the second fixing rope.
According to the ladder support mechanism according to the present invention, fixed objects such as piles and pillars are arranged on both sides of the ladder, the pillars on both sides of the ladder and the fixed objects are connected by a first fixing rope, Since the pillars on both sides of the ladder near the lower part of the object on which the ladder is leaned and the fixed object are connected by the second fixing rope, the lower part and the upper part of the ladder leaned on the object are connected to the first fixing rope and the second fixing rope. Since the two fixing ropes are fixed so as to pull each other, even if a load is applied in the direction in which the ladder collapses, the ladder is pulled by the first and second fixing ropes on both sides, so the horizontal movement of the ladder or the end of the ladder The fall caused by the rotational movement around the center can be prevented.
Moreover, in the rescue after the crash protection, this can be done quickly and safely by attaching a simple electric pulley or the like to the mounting rope at the top of the ladder.

Moreover, it is preferable that a safety block is attached to the upper column of the ladder, and the safety block includes a strap that can be extended, a shock absorber connected to the strap, and a fixture provided on the strap or the shock absorber.
Even if an operator who goes up and down the ladder accidentally falls from the ladder, the safety block strap feed stops and supports it, so that it can be prevented from falling, and the load applied to the worker suddenly when supporting the worker with the strap Since the shock absorber can absorb or mitigate the shock, the operator can be prevented from being damaged by the shock.

The ladder may be a multi-stage ladder including a two-stage ladder.
Even if the ladder is a multi-stage ladder, the ladder is supported by being pulled to both sides by the first fixing rope and the second fixing rope, so that the ladder can be prevented from falling down. Further, even if an operator falls from the ladder, it can be supported by a strap of a safety block, and the shock can be absorbed or mitigated by a shock absorber.

According to the ladder support mechanism according to the present invention, when the operator moves up and down the ladder, the first fixing rope and the second fixing rope support the upper and lower positions of the ladder by pulling on the fixed objects on both sides. Even if there is no person to support the ladder, safe and stable lifting work is possible, and when the ladder is raised and lowered, it can be prevented from rattling or falling to prevent falling accidents or ladder falling accidents, etc. .
Moreover, in the rescue after the crash protection, this can be done quickly and safely by attaching a simple electric pulley or the like to the mounting rope at the top of the ladder.

  Also, a safety block is attached to the upper part of the pillars on both sides of the ladder, and the safety block is provided with an attachment that can be attached to the operator via a strap and a shock absorber. Even if it falls from the ladder or the roof, it can be supported by the strap of the safety block to prevent the fall, and the shock can be reduced by the shock absorber to absorb or mitigate the shock received by the operator.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a ladder support mechanism in which a two-stage ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention is leaned against the eaves of a building under construction. It is an enlarged view of the state which attached the rope for 1st fixation to the lower part of a ladder. It is an enlarged view of the state which attached the rope for 2nd fixation to the support | pillar of the building shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the state which attached the safety block to the upper part of the two-step ladder shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, a ladder support mechanism 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
The ladder shown in FIG. 1 is a two-stage ladder 2, for example, and leans against the eaves 4 of the building 3 which is a structure under construction. The two-stage ladder 2 has a conventionally known configuration, and includes a lower ladder 6 and an upper ladder 7, and the lower ladder 6 includes a pair of left and right pillars 8 and a plurality of step bars 9 disposed at predetermined intervals. The upper ladder 7 is composed of a pair of left and right columns 10 and a plurality of step bars 11 arranged at predetermined intervals. Each pillar 8 of the lower ladder 6 and each pillar 10 of the upper ladder 7 have, for example, a substantially U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and are alternately overlapped facing each other. The upper ladder 7 is a lower ladder 6. Is slidably connected to the rear side of the. In addition, it is preferable that the feeding length of the upper ladder 7 above the eaves 4 is 60 cm or more from the eaves 4 in consideration of stability.

  An upper ladder elevating rope 12 is hung between the ladders 6 and 7, and the upper ladder elevating rope 12 is hung between an upper and lower pulley (not shown) and an upper and lower intermediate pulley. By pulling, the upper ladder 7 can be lifted and lowered with respect to the lower ladder 6. Also, a ladder lock fitting that can be engaged with the step bar 9 of the lower ladder 6 is attached to the pillar 10 of the upper ladder 7, and prevents the upper ladder 7 from moving downward relative to the lower ladder 6, and from the installation position to the upper ladder 7. When the ladder 7 is moved upward by a predetermined distance or more, the movement is permitted and the lower ladder 6 and the upper ladder 7 are locked.

The two-stage ladder 2 has the above-described known configuration. Next, the support mechanism 1 for the two-stage ladder 2 leaning against the eaves 4 will be described.
In order to fix the two-stage ladder 2 so as not to fall down or shake, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, one end portion of the first fixing rope 13 is placed on the lower side of the lower ladder 6 of the lower ladder 6. First fixed portion 13A is connected to pillar 8 and the other end is connected to the lower part of steel column 14 which is a structure of building 3 that can be connected at a distance of about one or more left and right behind the ladder, for example. Part 13B. In the second fixing portion 13B shown in FIG. 3, the carabiner 16 is connected to the fixing bracket 15 fixed to the support column 14, and the other end of the first fixing rope 13 is connected to the carabiner 16. Alternatively, the other end of the first fixing rope 13 may be directly connected to the support column 14, or may be connected to a second fixing rope 19 described later, or may be directly connected to another strong rope described later. Also good.

  The first fixing rope 13 is also connected to the other column 8 of the lower ladder 6 and the lower portion of the other column 14 in the same manner. Therefore, the lower portion of the lower ladder 6 is pulled to both sides by the pair of first fixing ropes 13. In this case, it is preferable that the pair of first fixing ropes 13 be installed at an inclination close to the horizontal in order to maintain the tensile force and make the tension state, or the two-stage ladder 2 can be held even if the tension is slightly relaxed. It is.

Similarly, in FIG. 1, one end of the second fixing rope 19 is connected to the column 10 on the upper side of the step bar 11 in the vicinity of the lower side of the eaves 4 on which the upper ladder 7 is leaned to form a third fixing portion 19 </ b> A. As shown in FIG. 3, the other end of the second fixing rope 19 is connected to the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 20, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 20 is connected to the carabiner 16 provided at the lower end of the column 14, and the fourth fixing part 19 </ b> B and To do.
The second fixing rope 19 is similarly connected to the other pillar 10 of the upper ladder 7 and the lower part of the other pillars 14. Therefore, the upper portion of the upper ladder 7 is pulled to both sides by the pair of second fixing ropes 19. The tension state of the pair of second fixing ropes 19 that support the upper ladder 7 can be adjusted by the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 20. Therefore, by giving appropriate tension to the first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19, the operator can safely move up and down, and can have the flexibility to reduce the impact at the time of dropping. . Moreover, the end part which protrudes from the expansion-contraction adjustment tool 20 of the 2nd fixing rope 19 is tied as shown in FIG.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19 are separately provided. However, the first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19 are integrally formed and attached to the expansion / contraction adjuster 17 provided in the middle of the length direction. If the device 17 is connected to the carabiner 16 fixed to the support column 14, only one expansion / contraction adjuster 17 is required. The surplus rope in the expansion / contraction adjuster 17 may be wound as shown in FIG.

Next, the safety block 22 that prevents the operator who moves up and down the two-stage ladder 2 from falling will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4.
For example, the safety block 22 has a pair of substantially ring-shaped or U-shaped mounting ropes 21 attached to the left and right pillars 10 at the upper end of the upper ladder 7, and the safety block 22 is attached to the housing 23 of the safety block 22 to which the mounting rope 21 is attached. The strap 24 housed inside is urged in the winding direction by a spring (not shown), and the tip portion hangs outward from the opening of the housing 23.

  A shock absorber 25 is provided at the tip of the strap 24 to absorb or alleviate the impact on the worker's body by stopping the strap 24 with a stopper when the worker falls from the ladder 2. . On the tip side of the shock absorber 25, a hook 26 with a swivel that can be connected to a safety belt or a safety belt attached to the body of an operator, or a fitting such as a buckle or a carabiner is provided. In the ladder support mechanism 1 according to this embodiment, the two-stage ladder 2 and the first and second fixing ropes 13 and 19 form approximately two sets of triangular shapes having the two-stage ladder 2 as a common base.

  Since the ladder support mechanism 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, the two-stage ladder 2 is supported on the pair of columns 14 of the building 3 by the pair of first fixing ropes 13 and the second fixing ropes 19. ing. The entire ladder support mechanism 1 is not rigidly connected with a metal member, but the rope is firmly connected while being flexible, so that when the worker ascends the two-stage ladder 2, the ladder vibrations In addition to having an appropriate rigidity to suppress the impact, when falling from a ladder or roof, it has the strength to protect against falling and the flexibility to mitigate the impact.

  When getting off the two-step ladder 2, with the worker's safety belt or belt fitted with the hook 26 with the swivel of the safety block 22, step down the stepping rails 11 and 9 of the two-step ladder 2 step by step. That's fine. At that time, even if the operator falls from the two-step ladder 2 by stepping off the step bars 11 and 9 in the middle, a sudden load is applied to the strap 24 of the safety block 22 so that the safety block 22 is built in. The feeding of the strap 24 is stopped by a stopper (not shown).

Then, since the operator's weight is suddenly applied to the strap 24 in the stopped state, an impact is applied to the operator. However, since the shock absorber 25 is provided between the strap 24 and the hook 26 with the swivel, the operator is injured. Such an impact is alleviated and it is possible to prevent a large impact load from being applied to the worker's body.
When the operator is suspended from the safety block 22, for example, a hook such as an electric pulley is hung on the ring of the mounting rope 21, and the hook 26 with the swivel 26 of the strap 24 is removed by temporarily lifting the hook with the pulley. Then, if it is lowered to the ground, reliable and quick rescue can be performed without relying on human power.

  When the two-stage ladder 2 is climbed, the strap 24 may be pulled out from the safety block 22 and the hook 26 with a swivel may be attached to the safety belt or safety belt of the operator. Even in this case, as the operator moves up the two-stage ladder 2, the strap 24 can be wound up by the spring provided in the housing 23 of the safety block 22, so that safety is ensured.

Further, when the ladder support mechanism 1 according to the present embodiment is assembled and attached, the ladder 7 is laid on the ground so that the upper ladder 7 on the two-stage ladder 2 is in a low position, and each pair of The first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19 are connected and connected, and the mounting rope 21 of the safety block 22 is attached to the pair of pillars 10 at the upper end of the upper ladder 7.
Then, the upper ladder elevating rope 12 may be pulled to extend the upper ladder 7 over the eaves 4 of the roof so as to stand up. In this case, installation work of the first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19 and the mounting rope 21 of the safety block 22 at a high place is unnecessary, and therefore, the construction and installation can be performed safely.

Moreover, when attaching the two-stage ladder 2, the inclination angle is made larger than 75 °, the first and second fixing ropes 13 and 19 are installed, and then lowered to an inclination angle of about 75 ° to It is preferable to increase the tension.
When the two-stage ladder 2 is moved or removed, the upper ladder elevating rope 12 is pulled in the opposite direction while the two-stage ladder 2 is supported by the operator with the fixing ropes 13 and 19 removed. What is necessary is just to make 7 move down to the lower ladder 6, and to accommodate and move.

As described above, according to the ladder support mechanism 1 according to the present embodiment, the pair of first fixing ropes 13 and the second ropes 2, which are constructed by leaning the two-stage ladder 2 against the eaves 4 of the roof and connecting to the support column 14. Since the two-stage ladder 2 can be prevented from falling by the fixing rope 19, the two-stage ladder 2 can be stabilized and moved up and down safely, and the strap of the safety block 22 attached to the upper end of the two-stage ladder 2. Since the shock absorber 25 is provided at 24, even if the operator falls from the two-step ladder 2 or the roof, the shock applied to the human body supported by the strap 24 provided on the safety block 22 is absorbed or mitigated by the shock absorber 25. Therefore, it is possible to increase the safety by suppressing the injury of the operator.

The ladder support mechanism 1 according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and replacements can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, the column 14 of the building 3 is used as a fixed object for connecting the other ends of the first fixing rope 13 and the second fixing rope 19, but if there is no structure like the column 14, a pile is used. You may cast and use an anchor etc. on an outer wall.

Further, the mounting position of the two-stage ladder 2 is not limited to the roof eaves 4 but can be leaned against an arbitrary strong place such as a bridge. At this time, it is preferable that the position where the second fixing rope 19 is connected to the ladder is near the lower side of the standing position of the upper ladder 7 so that the two-stage ladder 2 is not damaged.
In the above-described embodiment, the two-stage ladder 2 is used as the ladder. However, a one-stage ladder or three or more ladders may be used, and these are referred to as a multi-stage ladder.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ladder support mechanism 2 Two steps ladder 4 Eaves edge 6 Lower ladder 7 Upper ladder 8, 10 Pillar 9,11 Step ladder 12 Ladder raising / lowering rope 13 First fixing rope 14 Strut 22 Safety block 23 Case 24 Strap 25 Shock absorber 26 Hook with swivel

Claims (3)

  Connect the lower part of the ladder on both sides of the ladder, which is installed between the pillars on both sides, to the fixed object provided on both sides of the ladder with the first fixing rope, and contact with the object leaning on the ladder. A ladder support mechanism characterized in that the pillars on both sides of the ladder in the vicinity of the lower part of the point and the fixed object are respectively connected by a second fixing rope.   The safety block is attached to an upper column of the ladder, and the safety block includes a strap that can be extended, a shock absorber connected to the strap, and a fixture provided on the strap or shock absorber. Ladder support mechanism.   The ladder support mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ladder is a multi-stage ladder including a two-stage ladder.

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